Lung mass classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2] Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[3]

## Overview

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Lung mass can be classified into malignant and benign. In addition, lung mass can be sub-classified according to location, imaging features, and distribution.

## Classification

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Lung mass can be classified by location, histopathological origin, and imaging features into the following types:

| Lung mass

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| Location|

| Histology|

| Imaging Features

| • Pleural
• Endobronchial
• Parenchymal|

| • Malignant mass
• Benign mass

| • Hyperdense pulmonary mass
• Cavitating pulmonary mass

* The table below summarizes the classification of lung mass according to the histopathological origin, and location.[1][2][3][4]

Classification of Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Mass |

|

Lung mass location  | Benign  | Malignant
Endobronchial  |

* Bronchial atresia
* Bronchial hamartoma
* Bronchogenic cysts
* Pulmonary bacterial abscess
* Bronchial anthracofibrosis
* Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

* Squamous dysplasia of lung
* Squamous cell lung carcinoma

Parenchymal |

* Granuloma
* Pulmonary hamartoma
* Pulmonary bacterial abscess
* Pulmonary infarct septic
* Pulmonary emboli

* Bronchogenic carcinoma
* Carcinoid tumor
* Pulmonary metastases
* Papillary thyroid carcinoma
* Giant cell tumor of bones
* Synovial sarcoma

Pleural |

* Pleural effusion
* Empyema
* Hemothorax
* Lipoma
* Splenosis
* Tuberculosis

* Mesothelioma
* Metastatic pleural disease
* Invasive thymoma
* Pleural fibrosarcoma
* Pleural liposarcoma
* Primary pleural lymphoma
* Pleural synovial sarcoma

* The table below summarizes the classification of lung mass according to the imaging features.[4]

Classification of Lung Mass Based on Imaging features |

|

Hyperdense pulmonary mass  | Cavitating pulmonary mass

* Granuloma (the most common)
* Pulmonary hamartoma
* Bronchogenic carcinoma
* Carcinoid tumor
* Pulmonary metastases:

* Mucoid calcification of mucinous adenocarcinoma
* Breast cancer
* Gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinoma

* Dystrophic calcification:

* Papillary thyroid carcinoma
* Giant cell tumor of bone
* Synovial sarcoma

* Treated pulmonary metastases:

* Osteosarcoma
* Chondrosarcoma

Cancer

* Bronchogenic carcinoma (the most common)
* Squamous cell carcinoma

Autoimmune

* Granulomas (Wegener's granulomatosis)
* Rheumatoid arthritis
* Rheumatoid nodules

Vascular

* Septic pulmonary embolus

Infections (bacterial/fungal)

* Pulmonary abscess
* Pulmonary tuberculosis

Trauma

* Pneumatoceles

Youth

* Congenital pulmonary airway malformation
* Pulmonary sequestration
* Bronchogenic cyst

## References

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1. ↑ Macchiarini P (January 2006). "Primary tracheal tumours". Lancet Oncol. 7 (1): 83–91. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(05)70541-6. PMID 16389188.
2. ↑ Wilson RW, Frazier AA (February 1998). "Pathological-radiological correlations: pathological and radiological correlation of endobronchial neoplasms: part II, malignant tumors". Ann Diagn Pathol. 2 (1): 31–4. PMID 9845721.
3. ↑ Park CM, Goo JM, Lee HJ, Kim MA, Lee CH, Kang MJ (2009). "Tumors in the tracheobronchial tree: CT and FDG PET features". Radiographics. 29 (1): 55–71. doi:10.1148/rg.291085126. PMID 19168836.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Pulmonary mass. Dr.Jeremy Jones. Radiopedia. http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pulmonary-mass Accessed on March 22,2016

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