Multiple myeloma causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Shyam Patel [3]

## Overview

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The causes of multiple myeloma include sporadic mutations, such as TP53 mutation, and inherited predisposition.

## Causes

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### Common causes

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The causes of multiple myeloma include:

* Mutations in the tumor suppressor TP53 (most common)
* Sporadic mutations and genetic predisposition
* Mutations in tumor suppressors or oncogenes
* Chromosomal aberrations such as translocations can trigger the onset of malignancy and allow for uncontrolled plasma cell proliferation.[1]

### Less common causes

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* Familial causes are less contributory to the development of multiple myeloma compared to sporadic causes.[1]

### Causes by Organ System

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Cardiovascular | No underlying causes

|

Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes
Dental | No underlying causes
Dermatologic | No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes
Endocrine | No underlying causes
Environmental | No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes
Genetic | Mutations in the tumor suppressor TP53, sporadic mutations and genetic predisposition, mutations in tumor suppressors or oncogenes, chromosomal aberrations such as translocations, familial inheritance
Hematologic | No underlying causes
Iatrogenic | No underlying causes
Infectious Disease | No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes
Neurologic | No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes
Oncologic | No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes
Psychiatric | No underlying causes
Pulmonary | No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes
Sexual | No underlying causes
Trauma | No underlying causes
Urologic | No underlying causes
Miscellaneous | No underlying causes

### Causes in Alphabetical Order

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List the causes of the multiple myeloma in alphabetical order:

* Chromosomal aberrations
* Familial inheritance
* Mutations in oncogenes
* Mutations in the tumor suppressor TP53
* Mutations in tumor suppressors
* Translocations

## References

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1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Rajkumar SV (2016). "Multiple myeloma: 2016 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management". Am J Hematol. 91 (7): 719–34. doi:10.1002/ajh.24402. PMC 5291298. PMID 27291302.