Muscarinic antagonist

WikiDoc Resources for Muscarinic antagonist

Articles

Most recent articles on Muscarinic antagonist

Most cited articles on Muscarinic antagonist

Review articles on Muscarinic antagonist

Articles on Muscarinic antagonist in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Muscarinic antagonist

Images of Muscarinic antagonist

Photos of Muscarinic antagonist

Podcasts & MP3s on Muscarinic antagonist

Videos on Muscarinic antagonist

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Muscarinic antagonist

Bandolier on Muscarinic antagonist

TRIP on Muscarinic antagonist

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Muscarinic antagonist at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Muscarinic antagonist

Clinical Trials on Muscarinic antagonist at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Muscarinic antagonist

NICE Guidance on Muscarinic antagonist

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Muscarinic antagonist

CDC on Muscarinic antagonist

Books

Books on Muscarinic antagonist

News

Muscarinic antagonist in the news

Be alerted to news on Muscarinic antagonist

News trends on Muscarinic antagonist

Commentary

Blogs on Muscarinic antagonist

Definitions

Definitions of Muscarinic antagonist

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Muscarinic antagonist

Discussion groups on Muscarinic antagonist

Patient Handouts on Muscarinic antagonist

Directions to Hospitals Treating Muscarinic antagonist

Risk calculators and risk factors for Muscarinic antagonist

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Muscarinic antagonist

Causes & Risk Factors for Muscarinic antagonist

Diagnostic studies for Muscarinic antagonist

Treatment of Muscarinic antagonist

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Muscarinic antagonist

International

Muscarinic antagonist en Espanol

Muscarinic antagonist en Francais

Business

Muscarinic antagonist in the Marketplace

Patents on Muscarinic antagonist

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Muscarinic antagonist

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 2 Comparison table
* 3 See also
* 4 References
* 5 External links

## Overview

[edit | edit source]

A muscarinic receptor antagonist is an agent that reduces the activity of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Most of them are synthetic, but scopolamine atropine are belladonna alkaloids, and are naturally extracted.

Important[1] muscarinic agonists include atropine, hyoscine, ipratropium, tropicamide, cyclopentolate and pirenzepine.

## Comparison table

[edit | edit source]

Substance  | Trade names  | Mechanism[2] | Clinical use[2] | Adverse effects[2]

|
|
|
|

Atropine (D/L-Hyoscyamine)  |  | non-selective antagonism, CNS stimulation  |

* in anaesthesia
* anticholinesterase poisoning
* bradycardia
* antispasmodic in gastrointestinal hypermotility

* urinary retention
* xerostomia
* blurred vision

Scopolamine (L-Hyoscine)  |  | non-selective antagonism, CNS depression  |

* as atropine
* motion sickness

* as atropine
* sedation

Ipratropium |  | non-selective antagonism, without any mucociliary excretion inhibition.  |

* in asthma and bronchitis

Tropicamide |  | short acting non-selective antagonism, CNS depression  |

* produce mydriasis and cycloplegia in diagnostics

* may cause ocular hypertension

Pirenzepine |  | M1 receptor-selective antagonist

* inhibits gastric secretion

* in peptic ulcer (not much anymore)

| (fewer than non-selective ones)
Diphenhydramine | Benadryl  |  |  |
Dimenhydrinate | Dramamine  |  |  |
dicyclomine |  |  |  |
flavoxate |  |  |  |
oxybutynin |  |  |  |
tiotropium | Spiriva  |  |  |
cyclopentolate |  | short acting non-selective antagonism, CNS depression  |

* produce mydriasis and cycloplegia in diagnostics

* may cause ocular hypertension

atropine methonitrate |  | non-selective antagonism, blocks transmission in ganglia |

* antispasmodic in gastrointestinal hypermotility

*   *

trihexyphenidyl | Artane  |  |  |
tolterodine | Detrusitol  |  |  |
solifenacin | Vesicare  |  |  |
darifenacin | Enablex  |  |  |
benztropine | Cogentin  |  |  |

## See also

[edit | edit source]

* Muscarinic receptor agonist
* Parasympatholytic
* Anticholinergic

## References

[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ Rang, H. P. (2003). Pharmacology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-07145-4. Page 147
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Unless else specified in table boxes, then ref is: Rang, H. P. (2003). Pharmacology. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 0-443-07145-4. Page 147

## External links

[edit | edit source]

* http://cvpharmacology.com/antiarrhy/atropine.htm
* Muscarinic+antagonists at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Template:Drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders

* v
* t
* e

Urologicals (G04)

Acidifiers|

Ammonium chloride, Calcium chloride

Urinary antispasmodics (primarily antimuscarinics)|

Darifenacin, Emepronium, Fesoterodine, Flavoxate, Meladrazine, Oxybutynin, Propiverine, Solifenacin, Terodiline, Tolterodine, Trospium

For erectile dysfunction|

prostaglandins: Alprostadil

PDE5 inhibitors: Avanafil \- Sildenafil \- Tadalafil \- Udenafil \- Vardenafil

alpha blockers: Moxisylyte \- Phentolamine \- Yohimbine

others: Apomorphine \- Papaverine

Other urologicals|

Acetohydroxamic acid, Collagen, Dimethyl sulfoxide, Magnesium hydroxide, Pentosan polysulfate, Phenazopyridine, Phenyl salicylate, Succinimide

For benign prostatic hypertrophy|

5α-reductase inhibitors: Dutasteride, Finasteride

Alpha blockers: Alfuzosin, Doxazosin, Silodosin, Tamsulosin, Terazosin

Herbals: Pygeum africanum, Serenoa repens

Template:Mydriatics and cycloplegics Template:Receptor agonists and antagonists

Template:Jb1 Template:WH Template:WS
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template