Nausea and vomiting differential diagnosis

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## Overview

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Differential diagnosis of vomiting may be a result of a range of causes, including GI (obstructive and inflammatory) etiologies, CNS disease, pulmonary problems, renal disease, endocrine/metabolic disorders, drugs (either as side effects or in over dosages), psychiatric disorders, strep throat, pregnancy or stress.[1]

## Differential diagnosis

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The causes of nausea and vomiting can be differentiated as GI and Non GI causes:

### GI causes

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#### Inflammatory:

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Esophagitis

Gastritis

Hepatitis

Enteritis

Pancreatitis

#### Obstructive:

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Esophageal malignancies

Gastric outlet obstruction  , may be due tomalignancy

Pyloric stenosis

Strangulated hernias

Small bowel obstruction due toadhesion,intussusception orvolvulus

Diverticulitis

#### Functional:

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Esophageal dysmotility

Achalasia Cardia

Gastroparesis due to autonomic dysfunction

Ileus-Hypokalemia

Ogilvie Syndrome

### Non GI causes can be

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#### CNS causes:

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Migraine

Pseudotumor cerebri[2]

Meningitis

Space occupying lesions

Labrynthitis

#### Metabolic:

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Acidosis- DKA, Lactic acidosis

#### Others:

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Alcoholism

Chemotherapy[3]

Opiate therapy

Antibiotics

Pregnancy

Sea sickness

## References

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1. ↑ Scorza K, Williams A, Phillips JD, Shaw J (July 2007). "Evaluation of nausea and vomiting". Am Fam Physician. 76 (1): 76–84. PMID 17668843.
2. ↑ Hasler WL, Chey WD (December 2003). "Nausea and vomiting". Gastroenterology. 125 (6): 1860–7. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2003.09.040. PMID 14724837.
3. ↑ . doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1990.tb02560.x. Missing or empty `|title=` (help)

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