Nausea and vomiting secondary prevention

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## Overview

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## Secondary prevention

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* eating light, bland foods (such as crackers or plain bread)
* avoiding fatty and spicy food and eating protein meals [1]
* eating and drinking slowly
* eating small frequent meals [1]
* consuming peppermint tea or aromatherapy with peppermint oil [2]
* avoiding physical activity after eating
* avoiding brushing teeth after eating
* keeping hydrated
* discontinuing any oral medication that can irritate the stomach
* acupressure and acupuncture [3] [4]
* Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) with a wrist band is used to prevent nausea and vomiting postoperatively. [5]
* using specific drugs for specific conditions to prevent nausea and vomiting. Eg, neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (Aprepitant), 5-HT3 antagonists (Ondansetron) and corticosteroid (dexamethasone) to prevent chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting [6]

## References

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1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Tsakiridis I, Mamopoulos A, Athanasiadis A, Dagklis T (March 2019). "The Management of Nausea and Vomiting of Pregnancy: Synthesis of National Guidelines". Obstet Gynecol Surv. 74 (3): 161–169. doi:10.1097/OGX.0000000000000654. PMID 31634919.
2. ↑ Joulaeerad N, Ozgoli G, Hajimehdipoor H, Ghasemi E, Salehimoghaddam F (2018). "Effect of Aromatherapy with Peppermint Oil on the Severity of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy: A Single-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled trial". J Reprod Infertil. 19 (1): 32–38. PMC 5960050. PMID 29850445.
3. ↑ Matthews A, Haas DM, O'Mathúna DP, Dowswell T (September 2015). "Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (9): CD007575. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007575.pub4. PMC 7196889 Check `|pmc=` value (help). PMID 26348534.
4. ↑ Hu J, Shen Y, Zhang G, He J, Sun M, Zhang H, Hua B, Zheng H (September 2019). "Effect of acupoint therapies on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: A systematic review protocol". Medicine (Baltimore). 98 (37): e17109. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017109. PMC 6750289 Check `|pmc=` value (help). PMID 31517844.
5. ↑ Elvir-Lazo OL, White PF, Yumul R, Cruz Eng H (2020). "Management strategies for the treatment and prevention of postoperative/postdischarge nausea and vomiting: an updated review". F1000Res. 9. doi:10.12688/f1000research.21832.1. PMC 7429924 Check `|pmc=` value (help). PMID 32913634 Check `|pmid=` value (help).
6. ↑ Karthaus M, Schiel X, Ruhlmann CH, Celio L (July 2019). "Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists: review of their role for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in adults". Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 12 (7): 661–680. doi:10.1080/17512433.2019.1621162. PMID 31194593.

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