Neurofibroma diagnostic criteria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Sara Mohsin, M.D.[2]

## Overview

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## Diagnostic criteria

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Following is the general diagnostic criteria for neurofibroma:

* Randomly oriented thin spindled cells with wavy, hyperchromatic nuclei
* Cellularity and organization are generally insufficient to produce palisading
* Thin processes with indistinct cytoplasm
* Most nuclei are small and bland
* Generally hypocellular
* Thin and thick collagen strands (“shredded carrot collagen”)
* Variable myxoid material surrounding cells and collagen
* Occasional mast cells and lymphocytes, rare foam cells
* Diffusely S100 immunoreactive
* Entrapped axons of overrun nerve frequently scattered within lesion
* Nerve frequently not grossly identifiable
* May show localized hyperchromatic atypical cells (“ancient change”)
* Localized cells with large, pleomorphic nuclei, cytoplasmic intranuclear inclusions, smudgy chromatin, and inconspicuous nucleoli
* Often large, long standing lesions
* Low mitotic index

## References

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