Osteosarcoma causes

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammadmain Rezazadehsaatlou[2].

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## Overview

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There are no established exact causes for osteosarcoma. But physicians and medical researchers suggest that the the DNA mutations (either inherited or acquired after birth) inside the bone cellular system can be responsible for the occurrence of OS.

## Causes

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### Common Causes

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Common causes of osteosarcoma may include:

* There is limited understanding about the exact etiology of osteosarcoma.[1][2][3][4][5][6].

* The peak age during puberty seems to have an important relationship between rapid bone growth and the development and progression of OS.
* Commonly osteosarcoma occur at an earlier age in girls than boys.
* Osteosarcoma have also been associated with the previous history of radiation, the use of diagnostic radiocontrast agent s such as:
* Intravenous radium 224
* Thorotrast
* Exposure to alkylating agents

### Less Common Causes

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Less common causes of osteosarcoma include:

* On the other hand, the conditions associated with an increased risk of development of osteosarcoma include:
* Paget’s disease
* Solitary or multiple osteochondroma
* Solitary enchondroma or enchondromatosis (Ollier’s disease)
* Multiple hereditary exostoses
* Fibrous dysplasia
* Chronic osteomyelitis
* Sites of bone infractions and sites of metallic implants

## References

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1. ↑ Kim HJ, Chalmers PN, Morris CD (February 2010). "Pediatric osteogenic sarcoma". Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 22 (1): 61–6. doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e328334581f. PMID 19915470.
2. ↑ Moore DD, Luu HH (2014). "Osteosarcoma". Cancer Treat. Res. 162: 65–92. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-07323-1_4. PMID 25070231.
3. ↑ Ilaslan H, Schils J, Nageotte W, Lietman SA, Sundaram M (March 2010). "Clinical presentation and imaging of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas". Cleve Clin J Med. 77 Suppl 1: S2–7. doi:10.3949/ccjm.77.s1.01. PMID 20179183.
4. ↑ Wu PK, Chen WM, Lee OK, Chen CF, Huang CK, Chen TH (November 2010). "The prognosis for patients with osteosarcoma who have received prior manipulative therapy". J Bone Joint Surg Br. 92 (11): 1580–5. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.92B11.24706. PMID 21037356.
5. ↑ Ma C, Han J, Dong D, Wang N (June 2018). "MicroRNA-152 Suppresses Human Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Targeting E2F Transcription Factor 3". Oncol. Res. 26 (5): 765–773. doi:10.3727/096504017X15021536183535. PMID 28810933.
6. ↑ Obiedat H, Alrabadi N, Sultan E, Al Shatti M, Zihlif M (July 2018). "The effect of ERCC1 and ERCC2 gene polymorphysims on response to cisplatin based therapy in osteosarcoma patients". BMC Med. Genet. 19 (1): 112. doi:10.1186/s12881-018-0627-4. PMC 6035436. PMID 29980176.

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