PAH clearance

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

## Overview

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Para aminohippurate clearance or PAH clearance is a method used in renal physiology to measure renal plasma flow, which, in turn, is a measure of renal function.

The concentration of para aminohippurate (PAH) is measured in one arterial blood sample (PPAH) and one urine sample(UPAH). The urine flow (V) as also measured. Renal perfusion flow is then calculated by:

<math>RPF = \frac{U_{PAH}}{P_{PAH}} V</math>

What in fact is calculated is the effective renal plasma flow (eRPF). However, since the renal extraction ratio of PAH almost equals 1, then eRPF almost equals RPF.

## Precision

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The renal extraction ratio of PAH is a normal individual is approximately 0.92[1], and thus not exactly 1.0. Thus, this method usually underestimates RPF by approximately 10%. This margin of error is generally acceptable considering the ease with which eRPF is measured.

## References

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1. ↑ Reubi FC. Glomberular Filtration Rate, Renal Blood Flow and Blood Viscosity during and after Diabetic Coma. Circ. Res. 1953;1;410-413. Available at: http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/1/5/410.pdf. Accessed on: May 2, 2007.

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Physiology of the kidneys and acid-base physiology

Renal function|

| Secretion|

* clearance
* Pharmacokinetics
* Clearance of medications
* Urine flow rate

|

Reabsorption|

* Solvent drag
* sodium
* chloride
* urea
* glucose
* oligopeptides
* protein

Renal function|

* Glomerular filtration rate
* Creatinine clearance
* Renal clearance ratio
* Urea reduction ratio
* Kt/V
* Standardized Kt/V
* Measures of dialysis
* Hemodialysis product
* PAH clearance (Effective renal plasma flow
* Extraction ratio)

Filtration|

* Renal blood flow
* Ultrafiltration
* Countercurrent exchange
* Filtration fraction

Hormones|

* Antidiuretic hormone
* Aldosterone
* Atrial natriuretic peptide
* Renin
* Erythropoietin
* Calcitriol
* Prostaglandins

Acid-base balance|

* Fluid balance
* Darrow Yannet diagram

Body water: Intracellular fluid/Cytosol

* Extracellular fluid
* (Interstitial fluid
* Plasma
* Transcellular fluid)

* Base excess
* Davenport diagram
* Anion gap
* Arterial blood gas
* Winters' formula

* Buffering
* Bicarbonate buffer system
* Respiratory compensation
* Renal compensation

Other|

* Fractional sodium excretion
* BUN-to-creatinine ratio
* Tubuloglomerular feedback
* Natriuresis
* Urine

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