Peritonitis definition

Peritonitis Main Page

Patient Information

Overview

Causes

Classification

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis
Secondary Peritonitis

Differential Diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shivani Chaparala M.B.B.S [2]

## Overview

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Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum (a serosal membrane which lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs) from any cause.

## Definition

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Peritonitis is defined as inflammation of the peritoneum (a tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs) from any cause.[1] Contrast to peritonitis, Intrabdominal infection is defined as the inflammation of peritoneum due to infectious cause.[1]

Primary or Spontaneous Peritonitis | Secondary Peritonitis | Tertiary Peritonitis

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* Primary peritonitis/ spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) represents a group of diseases with different causes characterized by ascitic fluid infection of the peritoneal cavity without an evident surgically treatable intra-abdominal source of infection. It is usually associated with cirrhosis and ascites in adults.[2] Primary peritonitis lacks an identifiable anatomical derangement.[3]

* Secondary peritonitis is defined as the infection of the peritoneum due to spillage of organisms into the peritoneal cavity resulting from hollow viscus perforation, anastomotic leak, ischemic necrosis, or other injuries of the gastrointestinal tract.[4]

* Tertiary peritonitis is defined as the persistant or recurrent intra-abdominal infection that occur in ≥48 hours following the successful and adequate surgical source control of primary or secondary peritonitis.[4][5][6]

## References

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1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wittmann DH, Schein M, Condon RE (1996) Management of secondary peritonitis. Ann Surg 224 (1):10-8. PMID: 8678610
2. ↑ Wiest R, Krag A, Gerbes A (2012) Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent guidelines and beyond. Gut 61 (2):297-310. DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-300779 PMID: 22147550
3. ↑ Mishra SP, Tiwary SK, Mishra M, Gupta SK (2014) An introduction of Tertiary Peritonitis. J Emerg Trauma Shock 7 (2):121-3. DOI:10.4103/0974-2700.130883 PMID: 24812458
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Calandra T, Cohen J, International Sepsis Forum Definition of Infection in the ICU Consensus Conference (2005) The international sepsis forum consensus conference on definitions of infection in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 33 (7):1538-48. PMID: 16003060
5. ↑ Evans HL, Raymond DP, Pelletier SJ, Crabtree TD, Pruett TL, Sawyer RG (2001) Tertiary peritonitis (recurrent diffuse or localized disease) is not an independent predictor of mortality in surgical patients with intraabdominal infection. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2 (4):255-63; discussion 264-5. DOI:10.1089/10962960152813296 PMID: 12593701
6. ↑ Nathens AB, Rotstein OD, Marshall JC (1998) Tertiary peritonitis: clinical features of a complex nosocomial infection. World J Surg 22 (2):158-63. PMID: 9451931

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