SATURN Trial

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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## Objective

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To compare the effects of two intensive lipid lowering treatment regimens (statins) on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis and to assess their safety and side-effect profiles.

## Methods

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Study of Coronary Atheroma by Intravascular Ultrasound: Effect of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin (SATURN) trial was a randomized trial which enrolled 1049 patients with known coronary artery disease, to study the effects of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin on the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Percent atheroma volume and total atheroma volume were assessed by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) at baseline and after 104 weeks of treatment with either rosuvastatin 40 daily and atorvastatin 80 mg daily.

## Results

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At the end of 104 weeks:

* Serum LDL-C levels were lower in the rosuvastatin group than atorvastatin group.
* Similarly serum HDL-C levels were higher in the rosuvastatin group than in atorvastatin group.
* Percent atheroma volume (PAV), decreased by 0.99% with atorvastatin and by 1.22% with rosuvastatin.

## Conclusion

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Maximal doses of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin resulted in significant regression of coronary atherosclerosis. Even though rosuvastatin achieved a lower LDL-C and higher HDL-C levels compared to atorvastatin, a similar degree of regression of PAV was observed in both the treatment groups.

## References

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Lipopedia

Basic Science|

Cholesterol • Triglyceride

Lipoprotein metabolism and transport

Lipoprotein: Chylomicron • Chylomicron remnant • HDL • IDL • LDL • Lipoprotein(a) • VLDL • Lipoprotein-X

Apolipoprotein: APOA (1, 2, 4,  5) • APOB ( Apolipoprotein B-48, Apolipoprotein B-100) • APOC (1, 2, 3, 4) • APOD • APOE • APOH • APOJ • APOL • APOM • Apo(a)

Lipoprotein receptor: LDL receptor • Soluble low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (sLRP) • Apolipoprotein E Receptor 2 • Scavenger receptor • Scavenger receptor A • Scavenger receptor B • VLDL receptor

Lipoprotein enzymes: Lipoprotein lipase • Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) • Cholesterylester transfer protein ( Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase, Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase) • Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein • ABCA1

Genes: Low density lipoprotein receptor gene family • Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein • ABCA1

Lipoprotein Disorders|

Lipoprotein disorders

Primary lipoprotein disorders: Familial hyperchylomicronemia (Type I) • Familial hypercholesterolemia (Type IIA) • Familial combined hyperlipidemia (Type IIB) • Dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type III) • Primary hypertriglyceridemia (Type IV) • Mixed hyperlipoproteinemia (Type V)

Secondary lipoprotein disorders

Abnormal Laboratory Lipid Profile|

Low chylomicron • Low chylomicron remnant • Low HDL • Low IDL • Low LDL • Low lipoprotein(a) • Low VLDL

High chylomicron • High chylomicron remnant • High HDL • High IDL • High LDL • High Lipoprotein(a) • High VLDL
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