Testicular cancer epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2], Rim Halaby, M.D. [3], Shanshan Cen, M.D. [4]

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## Overview[edit | edit source]

Testicular cancer is a rare type cancer accounting about 0.5% of all new cancer cases in U.S. In 2018, the estimate prevalence of testicular cancer is approximately 9,310 new cases of testicular cancers in the United States. The incidence of testicular cancer is approximately 5.7 per 100,000 men per year based on 2011-2015 report in the United States. The majority of cases are reported in New Zealand. Testicular cancer commonly affects more white males than any other races and black males are less affected by it. Testicular cancer is commonly affects men aged 20-44 years old and median age is 33 years old.

## Epidemiology and Demographics[edit | edit source]

### Prevalence[edit | edit source]

* Testicular cancer is the most common type of cancer in young males.[1][2]
* Germ cell tumors are about 98% of testicular cancer.[3]
* About 55% of germ cell tumors are seminomas
* About 44% of germ cell tumors are non-seminomas
* About 1-2% of germ cell tumors are spermatocytic
* In the United States, the estimate prevalence of testicular cancer is approximately 9,310 new cases in 2018.[4]
* Sex cord stromal testicular tumors are about less than 5%.

### Incidence[edit | edit source]

* The incidence of testicular cancer is approximately 5.7 per 100,000 men per year based on 2011-2015 report in the United States.[4]

### Age[edit | edit source]

* Testicular cancer is more common among men aged 20-44 years old.[2]
* Median age is 33 years old.[2]
* Germ cell tumors of the testis are the most common cancer in young adults.[1]
* Median age is 33-39 years old for seminomas germ cell type of testicular cancer[3]
* Median age is 25-29 years old for non-seminoma germ cell type of testicular cancer[3]
* Median age is 50-54 years old for spermatocytic germ cell type of testicular cancer[3]

### Mortality rate[edit | edit source]

* The 5 years of survival rate for patients with testicular cancer are 95.3% in 2008-2014.[4]

### Race[edit | edit source]

* Testicular cancer is more common in white males compared to other races.[4]
* The incidence of testicular cancer in African American is lower than that among white people;[5] however, African American subjects tend to present at later stages of the disease due to a delayed presentation.[5]

* Shown below is a table depicting the age-adjusted incidence of testicular cancer by race in 2011-2015 in the United States.[4]

| All Races | White | Black | Asian/Pacific Islander | Hispanic

|
|
|
|
|

Age-adjusted incidence | 5.7 per 100,000 | 6.8 per 100,000 | 1.5 per 100,000 | 2.3 per 100,000 | 5.3 per 100,000

### Developed Countries[edit | edit source]

* The highest rates of incidence in New Zealand, followed by United Kingdom, Australia, Sweden, United States, Poland, and Spain.[1]

### Developing Countries[edit | edit source]

* Testicular cancer is uncommon in Asia and Africa.[3]
* The lowest incidence of testicular cancer is in India.[1]

## References[edit | edit source]

1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Shanmugalingam T, Soultati A, Chowdhury S, Rudman S, Van Hemelrijck M (October 2013). "Global incidence and outcome of testicular cancer". Clin Epidemiol. 5: 417–27. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S34430. PMC 3804606. PMID 24204171.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (January 2019). "Cancer statistics, 2019". CA Cancer J Clin. 69 (1): 7–34. doi:10.3322/caac.21551. PMID 30620402.
3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Chia VM, Quraishi SM, Devesa SS, Purdue MP, Cook MB, McGlynn KA (May 2010). "International trends in the incidence of testicular cancer, 1973-2002". Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 19 (5): 1151–9. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0031. PMC 2867073. PMID 20447912.
4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 "Testicular Cancer - Cancer Stat Facts".
5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gajendran VK, Nguyen M, Ellison LM (2005). "Testicular cancer patterns in African-American men". Urology. 66 (3): 602–5. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.03.071. PMID 16140086.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

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