Trichinosis diagnostic criteria

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:  Danitza Lukac

## Overview

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The diagnosis of trichinosis is based on the European Center for Disease Control criteria, which include a combination of clinical, laboratory and epidemiological criteria.[1][2]

## Diagnostic Criteria

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The following diagnostic criteria are suggested for the diagnosis of trichinosis:[1][2]

### Clinical criteria

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* At least 3 of the following 6 diagnostic criteria are met:
* Muscle soreness and pain
* Diarrhea
* Fever
* Facial swelling
* Subconjunctival, subungual, and retinal bleeding
* Increased eosinophils in the blood

### Laboratory criteria

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* At least 1 of the following 2 diagnostic criteria is met:
* Confirmation of anti-Trichinella IgG by either ELISA, western blot or IFA, OR
* Confirmation of Trichinella larvae in muscle tissue by biopsy

### Epidemiological criteria

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* At least 1 of the following 3 diagnostic criteria is met:
* Epidemiological connection to exposure of the same common source of a patient with confirmed laboratory result, OR
* Laboratory result confirming consumption of potentially parasitised products from an infected animal,OR
* Laboratory result confirming consumption of parasitised meat

## Case Confirmation

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### Confirmed Case

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Patients with clinical AND laboratory criteria within the last 2 months

### Possible Case

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Patients with clinical AND epidemiological criteria

## References

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1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gottstein B, Pozio E, Nöckler K (2009). "Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 22 (1): 127–45, Table of Contents. doi:10.1128/CMR.00026-08. PMC 2620635. PMID 19136437.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. FAO (2007). http://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/61e00fb1-87e8-5b89-8be1-50481e43eed1/ Accessed on January 28, 2016