UBE4A

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External IDs| GeneCards: [1]
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Ubiquitin conjugation factor E4 A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE4A gene.[1][2]

The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins for degradation. Ubiquitination involves at least three classes of enzymes: ubiquitin-activating enzymes, or E1s, ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, or E2s, and ubiquitin-protein ligases, or E3s. This gene encodes an additional conjugation factor, E4, which is involved in multiubiquitin chain assembly.[2]

## References

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1. ↑ Koegl M, Hoppe T, Schlenker S, Ulrich HD, Mayer TU, Jentsch S (Apr 1999). "A novel ubiquitination factor, E4, is involved in multiubiquitin chain assembly". Cell. 96 (5): 635–44. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80574-7. PMID 10089879.
2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: UBE4A ubiquitination factor E4A (UFD2 homolog, yeast)".

## Further reading

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* Robertson NG, Khetarpal U, Gutiérrez-Espeleta GA, et al. (1995). "Isolation of novel and known genes from a human fetal cochlear cDNA library using subtractive hybridization and differential screening". Genomics. 23 (1): 42–50. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1457. PMID 7829101.
* Nagase T, Seki N, Tanaka A, et al. (1996). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IV. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0121-KIAA0160) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1". DNA Res. 2 (4): 167–74, 199–210. doi:10.1093/dnares/2.4.167. PMID 8590280.
* Mahoney JA, Odin JA, White SM, et al. (2002). "The human homologue of the yeast polyubiquitination factor Ufd2p is cleaved by caspase 6 and granzyme B during apoptosis". Biochem. J. 361 (Pt 3): 587–95. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3610587. PMC 1222341. PMID 11802788.
* Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
* Gevaert K, Goethals M, Martens L, et al. (2004). "Exploring proteomes and analyzing protein processing by mass spectrometric identification of sorted N-terminal peptides". Nat. Biotechnol. 21 (5): 566–9. doi:10.1038/nbt810. PMID 12665801.
* Contino G, Amati F, Pucci S, et al. (2004). "Expression analysis of the gene encoding for the U-box-type ubiquitin ligase UBE4A in human tissues". Gene. 328: 69–74. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2003.11.017. PMID 15019985.
* Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
* Spinette S, Lengauer C, Mahoney JA, et al. (2006). "Ufd2, a novel autoantigen in scleroderma, regulates sister chromatid separation". Cell Cycle. 3 (12): 1638–44. doi:10.4161/cc.3.12.1345. PMID 15611659.
* Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.

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PDB gallery

* 1wgm: Solution structure of the U-box in human ubiquitin conjugation factor E4A

1wgm: Solution structure of the U-box in human ubiquitin conjugation factor E4A

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