University of Michigan Health System

Template:Infobox University The University of Michigan Health System is the wholly-owned academic medical center of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. It includes the UM Medical School, with its Faculty Group Practice and many research laboratories; and the UM Hospitals and Health Centers unit, which includes University Hospital, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Women's Hospital, numerous outpatient clinics and centers, and the Michigan Visiting Nurses.

The medical center also includes the Michigan Health Corporation, through which UMHS partners with other medical centers and hospital to provide specialized care throughout Michigan. UMHS also partners with Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan in a joint venture called Michigan HealthQuarters, formed in 2007 as a center for healthcare quality research and transformation.

In July 2007, the University of Michigan Hospitals & Health Centers unit finished its 11th straight fiscal year in the black, with an operating margin of 3.9 percent ($61.7 million) on revenues of $1.57 billion. In 2006, the Hospitals and Health Centers attained an operating margin of 5.5 percent ($79.4 million) on revenues of about $1.44 billion. UMHS has set a goal of achieving 3 percent operating margins per year for the next 10 years in order to continue investing in its massive facilities expansion. As a not-for-profit entity, UMHS uses positive operating margins to fund continued advances in patient care, education, research, and the facilities needed to support these functions.

## Contents

* 1 Overview
* 1.1 Hospital and outpatient care
* 1.2 Medical school
* 2 Development and Expansion
* 3 Rankings
* 4 Main Medical Campus
* 5 Satellite Facilities
* 6 Institutional milestones[7][8]
* 7 Famous alumni and faculty
* 8 References
* 9 External links

## Overview

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### Hospital and outpatient care

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UMHS is known for providing a broad range of high-quality care, with specialized centers for Alzheimer's disease, cancer, cardiovascular care, depression, diabetes, epilepsy, geriatrics, organ transplant, pediatrics, trauma/burn, vision, and women’s health research and care. Its hospitals have 961 licensed beds and new construction is expected to add nearly 300 beds by 2011. As a tertiary care center, UMHS has 179 intensive care unit (ICU) beds, giving it one of the highest number of ICU beds in the country.

UMHS is also a high-volume surgical center with a total of 66 operating rooms. The construction of the $523 million Children and Women's Hospital and the $132 million Eye Center expansion will add 18 operating rooms to the Health System for a total of 82 operating rooms. Outpatient care is provided at the main medical campus in Ann Arbor and at numerous satellite locations.[1]

More than 1.6 million outpatient and emergency visits, 44,000 hospital stays, 61,000 surgeries and 4,000 births take place each year at facilities operated by the Hospitals and Health Centers unit of UMHS, including the University Hospital, C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital, Women’s Hospital and Alfred Taubman Health Care Center.

The University of Michigan Hospitals & Health Centers unit has nearly 13,000 employees, including 3,500 nurses.[2] The Michigan Visiting Nurses, a wholly owned part of the Michigan Health Corporation, provides a broad range of high-quality home care services in a 13-county area of southeastern Michigan. These include home nursing, specialty treatments, therapy and palliative care. It also provides public and employer-based immunization services. The University of Michigan Health System owns and operates three helicopters and a Cessna jet in a medical evacuation program called Survival Flight that brings critically ill patients from throughout Michigan and the nation to Ann Arbor for care. The 3 helicopters make 1400 trips annually to transport ill patients from Michigan, Ohio, and Ontario to UMHS. The Cessna twin engine jet makes 150 trips annually to locations across the United States, Canada, and Mexico.

From 1986 to 2006, the Health System included M-CARE, a managed care organization that provided health plans to University faculty, staff, retirees and dependents, and to employees of companies throughout Michigan. In late 2006, due to rapidly changing conditions in the health plan climate and the need for the Health System to focus on its core missions of patient care, research and education, M-CARE was sold to Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and its Blue Care Network subsidiary.

### Medical school

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All 1,600 physicians who treat UM patients have Medical School faculty positions. Patients at many hospitals and clinics in southeastern Michigan also receive UM physicians' care through affiliations with other health institutions, including the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System.

A total of 683 medical students, 1,010 interns and residents, 503 graduate students and 482 postdoctoral research fellows are currently in training at the Medical School, and more than 15,000 practicing physicians and health professionals receive continuing medical education from U-M courses each year. In addition to the M.D. program and post-M.D. residency and fellowship Graduate Medical Education programs, the Medical School offers master's degree, Ph.D. and post-Ph.D. training in the basic sciences through the Program in Biomedical Sciences (PIBS) and the Horace Rackham School of Graduate Studies.

The Medical School is affiliated with the VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System. All physicians who practice at VA hospital and clinics have U-M faculty appointments, and students receive training there.

## Development and Expansion

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In 2005, the university unveiled a development master-plan for the medical campus and satellite campuses that is expected to add 3 million square feet (270,000 m²) to the existing 5.6 million square feet (500,000 m²). [3]

* The Master Plan identifies 3 sites for future growth and construction:
* The main 84-acre campus of the University of Michigan Health System.
* The Wall Street district across the Huron River from the main campus, currently housing the Kellogg Eye Center.
* A 200-acre plot owned by UMHS in East Ann Arbor, currently housing outpatient centers for geriatrics, psychiatry, and ambulatory surgery.

Currently, UMHS is undergoing one of the largest expansions of any hospital system in the nation. The Health System recently completed 4 major building projects:

* Ambulatory Surgery and Medical Procedures Center: 6 operating rooms; 4 medical procedures suites.
* Biomedical Science Research Building: 470,000 square foot research facility.
* Upjohn Depression Center: First comprehensive depression center in the nation.
* Cardiovascular Center: One of the first comprehensive heart hospitals in the country.

In addition, UMHS has 2 major clinical projects under construction:

* Kellogg Eye / Brehm Diabetes Center: An 8-story building to house an expansion of the top-ranked Kellogg Eye Center.
* Mott Children's and Women's Hospital: A towering $523 million facility that will be one of the largest children's hospitals in the nation.

Finally, UMHS has 4 major facilities projects that are currently in the development phase:

* Cardiovascular Research Building: To complement the recently completed clinical facility.
* Musculoskeletal Center: An orthopaedics hospital that will be located on the East Ann Arbor campus.
* Emergency Department Facility: A free-standing emergency health center to be located in Brighton, MI.
* Health Education Building: To house anatomy labs, classrooms, physical examination rooms, and the clinical simulation center.

## Rankings

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UMHS is considered one of the nation’s leading medical and research institutions and has received many awards and honors recognizing its advanced medical care, leading-edge biomedical research and broad range of educational activities.[4]

For 12 consecutive years, UMHS has been named to the "Honor Roll of America's Best Hospitals" compiled by U.S. News and World Report magazine.[5] UMHS is one of the few hospitals to be ranked in nearly all 16 categories for which U.S. News compiles data. The University of Michigan Health System ranks among the top hospitals, most notably in Ear, Nose, and Throat; Neurology and Neurosurgery; Orthopaedic Surgery; Heart and Heart Surgery; Cancer; Ophthalmology; and Urology.

UMHS was also one of only five academic medical centers to be recognized by the University Health System Consortium in 2006 for demonstrating excellence in delivering high-quality, safe, effective, and equitable care to patients. UMHS once again made the Solucient list of the "100 Top Hospitals in the US" in 2006, and nearly 300 of its physicians are listed among the "Best Doctors in America." The C.S. Mott Children's Hospital has repeatedly been named to Child Magazine's list of the nation's "Best Children's Hospitals."

The Medical School’s 2,492 faculty provide advanced medical and surgical care, and perform leading-edge scientific research, while training some of the best young doctors and biomedical scientists in the country. The Medical School is ranked 10th in the nation by U.S. News and World Report and has the nation's 10th highest total of research funding from the National Institutes of Health, with NIH funding of $265 million and a total annual research budget of more than $333 million.

## Main Medical Campus

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The current medical campus complex includes facilities for the UM Medical School, which was founded in 1848 as the Department of Medicine and opened to students in 1850. The medical campus complex also includes the Hospitals and Health Centers, which trace their history back to the nation's first university owned and operated hospital which opened in 1869.

Today, the complex includes:

* University Hospital \- opened 1986 - 11 stories, 794 beds. Home to adult inpatient medical, surgical, and psychiatric care; 33 operating rooms; the Adult and Pediatric Emergency Departments; and diagnostic facilities for adult and some pediatric patients. Also includes large outpatient and inpatient pharmacies, clinical pathology labs, rehabilitation facilities, a cafeteria, a gift shop, a non-denominational chapel, an auditorium, numerous classrooms, and support functions including food preparation, sanitation and medical equipment maintenance. Home to the following renowned specialty care programs and centers:
* Level I Adult Trauma Center: Designated by the American College of Surgeons.
* Michigan Trauma-Burn Unit: World-famous Burn Center receiving the highest Level I designation by the American Burn Association.
* Michigan Transplant Center: One of the busiest transplant centers in the country; performed over 7,100 solid organ transplants since 1964.
* Michigan Comprehensive Epilepsy Center: Awarded highest designation by the National Association of Epilepsy Centers.
* Michigan Stroke Center: Designated Primary Stroke Center by the Joint Commission on Accreditation; featuring 6-bed Stroke Unit (opened in 2005) modeled on the European system of stroke care that has demonstrated positive patient outcomes.
* C.S. Mott Children's Hospital \- opened 1969, expanded in the 1980s and 90s, construction of a new Children's Hospital began in 2006. [6] Current hospital building is 8 stories and contains 200 beds. Home to inpatient care for children and adolescents, including a 15-bed Child & Adolescent Psychiatry unit and a 40-bed Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Includes 9 operating rooms, diagnostic facilities, rehabilitation facilities, a gift shop, indoor and outdoor play areas, a classroom, and a chapel. New $523 million Mott Children's and Women's Hospital to be completed in 2011. New hospital will be comprised of 2 towers: one 12-story inpatient building with 264 beds and 16 operating rooms and one 9-story outpatient clinic facility. Home to several world-renowned specialty centers:
* Level I Pediatric Trauma Center: One of only 13 children's hospitals designated Level I; features the Sorini Children's Emergency Medicine Center, established by a $7 million gift from Dr. Ernest Sorini.
* Michigan Congenital Heart Center: International referral center; widely regarded as best congenital heart center in the US; conducts 850 heart operations and 600 heart catheterizations per year.
* Holden Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: 40-bed facility, one of the largest neonatal ICU's in the country. Unit will expand to 46 private beds when the new Children's Hospital is completed.
* Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): Technology developed at U-M; provides temporary heart and lung assistance in the intensive care setting. Approximately 90-130 patients undergo ECMO treatment at UMHS per year, many of them flown to the Health System from across the country by the UMHS Survival Flight program.
* Pediatric Liver Transplant Program: One of the largest programs in the nation; provides children with cadaveric or live donor transplants.
* Regional Infectious Containment Unit: A special 32-bed unit that will occupy the top floor of the new hospital to be completed in 2011. All beds will be negative pressure and will serve as an isolation unit in case pandemic, bioterrorism, or serious infectious crisis. One of the first units of its kind in the nation.

* Women's Hospital Birth Center \- Opened 1950, moved to the Maternal Child Health Center in 1990. One story, 40 beds. The location for nearly 4,000 normal and high-risk births each year at U-M, and for diagnostic care during pregnancy. Physicians from the departments of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Family Medicine, and U-M nurse-midwives, assist with births and birth-related care. In 2011, the Women's Birth Center will move to the new Mott Children's and Women's Hospital.
* A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center (Taubman center) \- opened 1986. Four stories. Home to 120 specialty outpatient clinics and faculty offices for most clinical departments. Specialty clinics include: Otolaryngology, Dermatology, Neurology, Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radiology, Cardiac Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery, Vascular Surgery, Urology, General Surgery, Neurosurgery, Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rheumatology, General Medicine, Cardiology, Medical Genetics, Nephrology, Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Infectious Disease, Metabolism Endocrine and Diabetes. The Taubman Center includes the following specialty services:
* Outpatient surgical suite
* EKG / Echo suite
* Allergy injection suite
* Women's Health Resource Center
* Comprehensive Cancer Center \- Opened 1997 - Nine stories: four floors dedicated to outpatient cancer care for adults and children, five floors for cancer research laboratories. Features 77 clinic rooms, 42 chemotherapy infusion suites, 7 procedure rooms, 2 outpatient surgical suites, Mohs skin cancer unit, patient education center, cancer survivor art gallery. In 2006, received $82.5 million in research funding, ranking #7 in the country in National Cancer Institute (NCI) research awards. One of 39 programs in the country to earn the NCI's "comprehensive" designation. One of 17 centers in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Consistently receives the NCI's "outstanding" designation. Recently established a premier Phase I Clinical Trials and Translational Research Program. New $523 million Children's Hospital will contain a wing dedicated to cancer care, adding 64 Bone Marrow Transplantation rooms for adult and pediatric patients. Addition will give U-M Cancer Center one of the largest Bone Marrow Tranplantation programs in the country. In addition to treatment clinics for all types of cancer, the Cancer Center has several multi-disciplinary clinics:
* Adrenal Cancer Clinic: considered the top adrenal cancer program in the country; sees 10-15 adrenal cancer patients per week, making UMHS the highest volume referral center in the US for this rare disease; nation's first Endowed Professorship for Adrenal Cancer donated by Bo Schembechler on behalf of his wife, Millie; in May 2007, the Garry Betty Scholars Program was inaugurated following a generous donation by the former Atlanta-based EarthLink CEO who traveled to UMHS for treatment of his adrenal cancer.
* Pre-cancerous Gynecologic Clinic
* Cancer Genetics
* Fertility Counseling and Gamete Cryopreservation Program (FCGCP)
* Long Term Follow-Up Clinic
* Psych Oncology Clinic
* Cardiovascular Center \- opened June 2007 - Five stories, 48 inpatient beds. Built on the site of the "Old Main" hospital that operated from 1925 to 1986, the CVC clinical building will be the home to inpatient and outpatient care for adults with cardiovascular disease. Construction cost exceeds $215 million. It includes 8 operating rooms, 11 suites for interventional procedures, 36 outpatient clinic rooms, 48 inpatient beds including a 24-bed intensive care unit, a diagnostic suite, a 150-seat auditorium, cafe and indoor "winter garden" atrium. The facility will also provide faculty offices for cardiology, cardiovascular surgery, and vascular surgery in order to promote collaboration between the fields. Will provide a new umbrella for the world-famous U-M Congenital Heart Center and U-M Scleroderma Center. This facility is Phase I of the Cardiovascular Center project. Phase II will be a research facility that is currently in the planning stages. In June of 2007, the university received a $50 million dollar anonymous donation earmarked for the facility and for future programs. The new heart hospital, believed to be the first of its kind in the country, will bring the following top-rated programs among others into one facility:
* Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Center
* Center for Circulatory Support
* Heart Failure Center
* Heart Transplant Center
* Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Clinic
* Congenital Heart Center
* Women's Heart Program
* W.K. Kellogg Eye Center \- Opened 1985. Located on Wall St., across the Huron River from the main medical campus. World famous Kellogg Eye Center houses outpatient clinics, surgical suites, and research laboratories in one facility. Home to all adult and pediatric eye care at U-M, and is one of the nation's largest vision research centers in the world. Eye center includes an ophthalmic photography service, an optical shop, a cafe, a library, faculty offices, research facilities with 16 laboratories. Operating budget of $30 million per year, including $10 million dedicated to basic science and clinical vision research. Kellogg has very active research component with various clinical trials for age-related macular degeneration, cornea and external disease, glaucoma, neuro-ophthalmology, pediatric ophthalmology, and retinal disease. In 2006, Kellogg ophthalmologists saw 128,000 patients and conducted 5,600 surgeries. Expansion broke ground in 2006. Eight-story $132 million expansion, scheduled to open in 2010, will house all-new clinic space, surgical and procedure suites, and space for the Brehm Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research and Analysis, named for William and Dee Brehm who donated $44 million toward the building. Currently, the Eye Center has 50 examination rooms and 4 operating rooms. The new building will expand the Eye Center's clinical space to 73 examination rooms and 6 operating rooms. As a comprehensive eye center, Kellogg has the following highly regarded sub-specialty clinics:
* Comprehensive Ophthalmology
* Contact Lens Fitting and Dispensing
* Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery
* Emergency Eye Care
* Eye Plastic and Orbital Surgery
* Glaucoma and Cataract
* LASIK
* Low Vision and Visual Rehabilitation
* Neuro-Ophthalmology
* Optical Shop
* Pediatric Ophthalmology and Adult Strabismus
* Retina, Uveitis, and Ocular Oncology
* Med Inn Building \- Opened 1953, renovated most recently in 2006 - Five stories, 30 hotel beds. The Med Inn hotel within this building serves families who have loved ones in the intensive care units of the hospitals, or have other special needs. The rest of the building has been used to support multidisciplinary programs, including:
* General Clinical Research Center outpatient facility for people taking part in clinical trials;
* Michael S. Aldrich Sleep Disorders Laboratory
* Center for Interventional Pain Medicine
* Vestibular Testing and Vertigo Management Programs
* Phototherapy and Psoriasis clinics of the Department of Dermatology
* Chemotherapy Infusion Unit

* Taubman Medical Library \- Opened 1980. Five stories. Home to one of the nation's largest and finest medical collections, including historical and rare-book collections. Operated by the U-M Library division and open to all. Also home to the Learning Resource Center, a major facility for medical students' learning experience.

* Towsley Center for Continuing Medical Education \- Opened 1969. Two stories. A 52,200 square foot conference center that includes two large auditoriums and smaller classrooms, as well as a Medical Simulation Center for training medical professionals in performing procedures and laporoscopic surgeries. More than 15,000 physicians and others receive training here each year. Also home to the offices of the Department of Medical Education.
* Biomedical Science Research Building \- 6 stories - Opened 2006. Home to 472,000 gross square feet of research space in the basic biomedical sciences. This massive facility contains 240 laboratory modules and 140 faculty offices. The building also contains classrooms and a 300-seat auditorium that is housed in an elliptical facility in front of the main building. This design has won several architectural awards. The building houses the internationally renowned U-M Program for Neurology Research and Discovery (P-FUND) which recently received a $5 million donation from Alfred Taubman. The program also features the U-M Neuropathy Center, one of only four in the nation to be recognized and funded by the Neuropathy Association. The research laboratories are organized by the following themes:
* Nanotechnology
* Neuroscience
* Developmental Biology
* Molecular Imaging
* Molecular Mechanisms of Disease
* Immunology
* Geriatrics and Biogerontology
* Regenerative Medicine
* Center for Organogenesis
* Life Science Institute \- LSI established in 2000, completed in 2003 at cost of $100 million. 6 stories. 230,000 square feet of wet bench / dry lab / core facility research space. Houses 25-30 faculty-led research teams that span 16 different department and schools, including U-M Medical School. Part of 3 building facility that also includes Palmer Commons (99,000 square feet; contains conference/meeting center and Bioinformatics Program) and the Undergraduate Science Building (140,00 square feet; classrooms; conference centers). LSI core facilities include DNA sequencing; flow cytometry; functional genomics; metabolic phenotyping; state-of-the-art vivarium for small animals and fish. Partnership with Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel. Contains several world-famous centers / programs:
* Center for Structural Genomics
* Center for Stem Cell Biology
* Center for Structural Biology
* Michigan Bioinformatics Program

* Medical Science I and II buildings \- Opened 1958 (MedSci I) and 1969 (MedSci II) Variable numbers of stories by wing. Home to the Medical School and UMHS administrative offices, and to research laboratories and faculty offices. MedSci II is the main facility for medical student education.
* Medical Science Research Buildings I, II and III \- Opened 1986 (MSRB I), 1989 (MSRB II) and 1995 (MSRB III). Variable numbers of stories by building. Home to basic research laboratories and shared "core" facilities for U-M biomedical researchers. MSRB I became home to the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) offices at the University of Michigan after the university was chosen to be one of 12 HHMI sites in the country.

* Kresge Complex \- Kresge Medical Research I, II and III and Kresge Hearing Research Institute - Built 1954-1955 (Kresge I and II), and 1963 (Kresge II and KHRI). Variable numbers of stories by building. Home to research laboratories including the basic otolaryngology labs of the noted Kresge Hearing Research Institute. Also home to the Michigan Diabetes Research & Training Center, the Upjohn Center for Clinical Pharmacology, and the Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (the recent recipient of a $10 million grant). In the University of Michigan Health System Master Plan, the Kresge Buildings are highlighted as sites of future development and will likely be replaced with new research facilities in the coming years.

* North Ingalls Building \- 11 stories - Purchased by the University in 1977; formerly home to the St. Joseph Mercy Hospital (now located in Ypsilanti, Mich.). Home to administrative offices for the U-M Hospitals & Health Centers, and for various clinical departments.
* School of Public Health \- SPH established 1941. Home to top-rated clinical research program. In 2007, ranked #5 Public Health School in US News and has ranked #1 in Health Management every year since 1993. In fall 2006, completed construction on Crossroads and Research Tower. New building is 7 stories and 125,000 sq feet. Houses 17 conference rooms and 133 laboratory benches. One of two lead institutions in the Finland-United States Investigation of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Genetics (FUSION) study group that recently discovered 4 new genes causing Type II Diabetes. Also houses the world famous U-M Autism and Communication Disorders Center, a leading center in the clinical treatment of autism as well as autism genetics research. SPH has 180 faculty in 5 academic departments:
* Biostatistics
* Environmental Health Science
* Epidemiology
* Health Behavior and Health Education
* Health Management and Policy

## Satellite Facilities

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* East Ann Arbor Health and Geriatrics Center \- Opened 1996, renovated 2006. Home to outpatient clinics in general internal medicine, general pediatrics, obstetrics & gynecology, and the primary and specialty care services of the Turner Geriatric Clinic, part of the U-M Geriatrics Center which is consistenly ranked among the top 10 geriatrics centers in the nation. Also contains a pharmacy, a patient education center, a blood-draw station and educational facilities. An adjoining suite houses MRI, CT and Mammmography imaging facilities. The center's specialty clinics tailored to care of the elderly include the following: Foot Care Clinic; Incontinence Clinic; Mobility Enhancement Clinic; Cognitive Disorders Clinic; Movement Disorders Clinic; Deep Brain Stimulation Clinic; Geropsychiatry Clinic; Sexual Health Clinic; Transitional Care Clinic; Women’s Health Clinic.
* Rachel Upjohn Depression Center \- Located near the Geriatrics Center. Opened in 2006. Home to the first Comprehensve Depression Center in the country. 112,500 square feet. Houses 335 offices/outpatient treatment rooms; 120-seat auditorium; 2 telemedicine offices to assist patients living in remote areas. Combines all outpatient psychiatric and substance abuse care for adults and children into one facility. Contains leading centers for comprehensive treatment of depression and bipolar disorder. Also houses a library and art gallery. Includes space for the research, education, and administrative programs of the U-M Depression Center. Named for Rachel Mary (Upjohn) Meader, who with her husband Edwin gave $10 million toward the building's construction. Facility also includes:
* Sleep Research Center
* MRI Simulator
* Brain Imaging Center
* Stress and Neuroendocrine Program
* Med Sport Suite \- Facility houses the Sports Medicine Division of Orthopedic Surgery. Established by Gerald A. O'Connor, professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at U-M and past president of the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine. 45,000 square foot facility located in Domino's Farms, with 15 examination rooms and on-site radiology. One of the premier Sports Medicine programs in the country. Attracts patients from across the United States. MedSport Physicians serve as the team physicians for the U-M Athletic Department and USA Hockey National Team. Facility features:
* Physical Therapy Treatment Center
* Athletic Performance Center
* Aquatics Program
* Spine Program  \- Comprehensive, multidisciplinary facility serves as a single site for all spine care at UMHS, bringing together orthopaedic surgeons, neurosurgeons, physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. Building houses various clinics and programs including:
* Pediatric, Adult, and Geriatric Spine Programs
* EMG Laboratory
* Medical Procedures Unit for injections and nerve blocks
* Acute Pain Program
* Chronic Disability Program
* Pregnancy Back Pain Program
* Sports / Performing Arts Pain Program.
* Ambulatory Surgery and Medical Procedures Center \- Located near Geriatrics and Depression centers. Opened in 2006. $30 million outpatient surgical facility with 6 operating rooms and 4 medical procedure suits. Building will accommodate close to 10,000 surgeries and procedures annually. Facility will meet the increasing demand for U-M outpatient surgical services.

* Livonia Center for Specialty Care \- Located in Livonia, Mich. One story. Home to outpatient surgery and clinics in Gastroenterology, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology and Audiology & Hearing Services, and Urology Services. The facility contains 4 operating rooms and the Center for Facial and Cosmetic Surgery.

* Health Centers \- Located in several parts of Ann Arbor including Domino's Farms and the Briarwood Mall complex, as well as the neighboring communities of Brighton, Canton, Chelsea, Dexter, Howell, Livonia, Saline and Ypsilanti. Offering outpatient primary and specialty care, and diagnostic services at some locations.

* Other satellite facilities \- In addition to the above, UMHS operates an Orthotics & Prosthetics Center, a Spine Program facility, and other facilities in the community. U-M emergency medicine physicians staff the emergency rooms at several local hospitals, and U-M physicians provide specialized services at other hospitals for patients with specific cardiovascular issues, cancer and other diseases.

* Outreach clinics \- Among the clinics that UMHS operates alone or in conjunction with other entities are the New Hope Outreach Clinic operated by the Geriatrics Center at the New Hope Baptist Church in Ann Arbor, and the Regional Alliance for Healthy Schools clinics for low-income children and teens at Scarlett Middle School and Stone High School in Ann Arbor, and East Middle School in Ypsilanti.

* Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Ann Arbor \- Opened in 1953 and underwent $150 million addition in 1998. 350 bed facility with new surgical suite containing 9 operating rooms. In 2005, conducted 278,000 outpatient visits. Annual research budget $10.6 million. Services Michigan, Indiana, northern Ohio. All physicians are faculty of U-M Medical School. Home to several award winning programs and initiatives, including:
* One of only 15 VA Medical Centers designated as a "Center of Excellence" by the Veterans Administration
* Center for Practice Management and Outcomes Research evaluates outcomes of alternative treatments and monitors quality measures
* Serves as Research Coordinating Center for the national Quality Enhancement Research Initiative - Diabetes Mellitus (QUERI-DM)
* Home to Center for Behavioral and Decision Sciences in Medicine (CBDSM), a collaboration with U-M Medical School

## Institutional milestones[7][8]

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* 1848 The Board of Regents establishes a three-member medical department, known today as the U-M Medical School.
* 1850 The Medical School opens its doors to more than 100 students. They are charged $5 a year for two years of education.
* 1852 Ninety young physicians receive medical diplomas from the U-M.
* 1867 Overall University enrollment reaches an all-time high of 1,255 students; 525 of the students are enrolled in the Medical School.
* 1869 U-M opens the first university-owned medical facility in the United States. The 20-bed hospital is located in the residence of a former professor. It has no wards or operating rooms.
* 1875 U-M adds two wooden pavilions to the hospital. The structure is designed to be "easily burned down in 10 years because it would be badly infected," according to one physician of the time.
* 1880 The Medical School adopts a three-year curriculum, introduces laboratory instruction and assigns grades for the first time.
* 1890 U-M adopts the four-year medical school program still in use today.
* 1891 A new hospital on Catherine Street replaces the old Campus Pavilion Hospital.
* 1899 The Medical School introduces the clinical clerkship. The breakthrough is made possible by the fact that the U-M owns its own hospital (privately owned hospitals would not allow medical students to touch their patients).
* 1900 The U.S. medical community recognizes the Catherine Street Hospital as the largest teaching hospital in the country.
* 1903 The 75-bed Palmer Ward for children opens in the Catherine Street Hospital.
* 1906 The Department of Psychiatry, one of the nation's first such academic departments, is established.
* 1912 The U-M establishes the nation's first Department of Dermatology.
* 1913 U-M researchers introduce the electrocardiogram (EKG) to American physicians.
* 1921 U-M establishes Pediatrics as an independent department, strengthening the University's focus on children.
* 1922 U-M Pediatrician David Murray Cowie introduces iodized salt as a goiter preventive.
* 1925 The University Hospital (also known as the Main Hospital) replaces the Catherine Street Hospital. University Hospital is a 700-bed facility designed to meet the needs of advanced patient care and medical education.
* 1928 University Hospital offers the first physician training program in thoracic surgery. Four years later, U-M physicians perform the world's first successful lung removal.
* 1939 The Neuropsychiatric Institute opens, adjacent to the main hospital.
* 1940 U-M creates the first human genetics program in the United States.
* 1941 The Board of Regents authorizes the establishment of the nation's first hereditary diseases clinic at University Hospital.
* 1950 The U-M Women's Hospital opens its doors.
* 1955 The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital opens.
* 1956 James Neel creates the first department of human genetics at a medical school in the United States.[9]
* 1968 U-M physicians perform the first heart transplant in Michigan at University Hospital.
* 1969 C.S. Mott Children's Hospital opens as the U-M's first separate children's hospital.
* 1972 U-M builds the James and Lynelle Perinatal Holden Hospital (now called the Holden Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) to care for premature and critically ill infants.
* 1976 U-M establishes the W.K. Kellogg Eye Center. The 32-bed facility provides patient care, education and research in eye diseases. Today, Kellogg is an outpatient facility.
* 1986 A new 11-story, 550-bed adult general University Hospital replaces the old University Hospital. The A. Alfred Taubman Health Care Center, which houses 120 outpatient clinics, is connected to the facility. M-CARE, a managed care organization offering health plans to University staff and faculty, and to employers in southern Michigan, is launched.
* 1990 The expansion of the U-M Hospitals continues with the opening of integrated services for children and women in 221,000 square feet of new space and renovated units in existing hospitals.
* 1997 The Board of Regents officially approves "University of Michigan Health System" as a designation for the U-M Hospitals and Health Centers, Medical School, M-CARE and Michigan Health Corp. Also this year, the U-M moves its cancer and geriatrics clinical and research programs into the $88 million Cancer Center and Geriatrics Center Building, establishes the Center for Gene Therapy and enhances resources for the Center for Organogenesis.
* 2001 The National Institutes of Health awards a record $203 million to the U-M. In addition, this year, the U-M establishes the nation's first comprehensive Depression Center.
* 2003 The U-M breaks ground for a state-of-the-art clinical building for the Cardiovascular Center on the former site of the "Old Main" Hospital, to provide space for clinical care, research and teaching activities focused on the entire spectrum of cardiovascular disease. Also this year, the Medical School begins to implement a new curriculum that integrates biomedical, clinical, and psychosocial sciences with clinical skills and professionalism.
* 2004 The largest gift ever given to the Health System, $44 million from Bill and Dee Brehm, is announced; it includes funds for the Brehm Center for Type 1 Diabetes Research and Analysis, a new Michigan Comprehensive Diabetes Center, faculty positions, and a research facility to be built as part of the expansion of the Kellogg Eye Center.
* 2005 A new Master Plan and Strategic Direction for UMHS are introduced, forming a framework for continued growth to meet the new challenges of the health care and research environment.
* 2006 The sale of M-CARE to Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan and its Blue Care Network is finalized. The East Ann Arbor Surgery and Medical Procedures Center, Rachel Upjohn Building (including the U-M Depression Center) and Biomedical Science Research Building open.
* 2007 U-M and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan launch Michigan HealthQuarters, a joint venture formed after the sale of M-CARE as a "center for healthcare quality and transformation.” The U-M Cardiovascular Center opens in June and receives an anonymous $50 million donation.

## Famous alumni and faculty

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* Robert Bartlett \- inventor of ECMO
* Edward Bove \- congenital heart surgeon, first described hypoplastic left-heart syndrome
* Ben Carson \- director of pediatric neurological surgery at Johns Hopkins Medical Center
* Jerome Conn \- first described primary hyperaldosteronism - Conn's Syndrome
* Francis Collins \- director of the NIH Human Genome Project and discoverer of the most common mutation for cystic fibrosis
* Elizabeth Crosby \- neuroanatomist
* Thomas Francis \- proved the efficacy of the first polio vaccine
* Lazar Greenfield \- founder of the inferior vena cava filter ("the Greenfield Filter")
* Sanjay Gupta \- CNN medical correspondent, neurosurgeon
* Jack Kevorkian \- controversial proponent of the legalization of euthanasia
* Ronald Koenig \- discovery and development of HbA1c as a key assay in diabetes
* William James Mayo \- co-founder of the Mayo Clinic
* Karin Muraszko \- first woman chair of neurological surgery in the U.S.
* Alexa Canady \- the first African-American female neurosurgeon in the country
* Antonia Novello \- first woman and first hispanic United States Surgeon General from 1990 to 1993
* Sanjay Saint \- author of the Saint-Frances series of medical books
* Kimberly Dawn Wisdom \- nation's first state surgeon general
* Eric B. Schoomaker \- Commander of the Walter Reed Army Medical Center
* John Jacob Abel \- “father of pharmacology”, discovered epinephrine and insulin
* William Henry Beierwaltes \- founder of MIBI scan and "father of nuclear medicine"
* David Botstein \- geneticist, first argued that the human genome could be mapped
* Leslie J. Browne \- President, Chief Executive Officer of Pharmacopeia
* Ronald M. Davis \- President of American Medical Association (AMA)
* Josiah K. Lilly Jr. \- Chairman and President of Eli Lilly
* Homer Stryker \- founder of Stryker Corporation.
* Elizabeth Nabel \- cardiologist, director of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
* Melvyn Rubenfire\- cardiologist, Director of The Preventive Cardiology Department

## References

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1. ↑ "UM Health System Facts & Figures". UM Health System. 2007.
2. ↑ "UM Health System Facts & Figures". UM Health System. 2007.
3. ↑ "Master Development Plan" (PDF). UM Health System.
4. ↑ "UMHS Firsts & Bests". UM Health System. 2007.
5. ↑ "America's Best Hospitals 2007: Honor Roll". U.S.News & World Report. 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-15.
6. ↑ "The New Children's and Women's Replacement Hospital Facility". UM Health System.
7. ↑ "UMHS History". UM Health System. 2007.
8. ↑ "Medical School history timeline". UM Health System. 2007.
9. ↑ "New U-M Center for Genetics in Health and Medicine will help bridge the gap between science and medicine". UMHS Department of Public Relations and Marketing Communications. March 20, 2006.

## External links

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* University of Michigan Health System
* University of Michigan Medical School
* UM Health and Medical Resources
* Survival Flight

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