Étienne Hirsch

French civil engineer (1901–1994)

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Étienne Hirsch

Born| (1901-01-20)20 January 1901

Paris, France

Died| 17 May 1994(1994-05-17) (aged 93)

Paris, France

Alma mater| École des Mines de Paris
Occupation| Engineer
Relatives| Martin Hirsch (grandson)

Étienne Hirsch (20 January 1901 – 17 May 1994) was a French civil engineer and a member of the French Resistance during World War II. He served as President of the Commission of the European Atomic Energy Community between 1959 and 1962 (see Hirsch Commission).

## Life and career

[edit]

Étienne Hirsch was born in 1901 in a Jewish family of German and Bohemian descent.[1] He was the son of Richard and Marianne Hirsch (née Schwenk), deported by Convoy 77 in July 1944,[2] and the brother of Madeleine Melese (née Hirsch), and Juliette Lévy (née Hirsch) deported with her children Michèle, Jean-Paul, Alain and Catherine by Convoy 35 in September 1942. His parents and sister Juliette were assassinated in Auschwitz.

After France's defeat in the Battle of France during World War II, he immediately joined Charles de Gaulle in London and became an officer in the Free French Forces under the name of Commandant Bernard. General de Gaulle put Hirsch in charge of supplying arms to the French Resistance forces on the Continent. In 1943, he became a close associate with Jean Monnet in the French Committee of National Liberation in Algiers. After the liberation of France, he directed a program to modernize the French economy. He served later as an administrator of the European Coal and Steel Community. In 1959, Hirsch became the chairman of the European Atomic Energy Community.[3]

## See also

[edit]

* Hirsch Commission

## Bibliography

[edit]

* 1988 : Ainsi va la vie, Jean Monnet Foundation for Europe, Lausanne, 250 p.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Étienne Hirsch (1901-1994), Ainsi va la vie, Fondation Jean-Monnet pour l'Europe, 1988.
2. ^ Alphabetical list of the deportees of convoy 77.
3. ^ "Etienne Hirsch, 93, Backer of a Europe United Like the U.S.", The New York Times, 19.05.1994.

## External links

[edit]

* The private papers and an interview by Étienne Hirsch are deposited at the Historical Archives of the European Union in Florence
* Oral history interview with Etienne Hirsch

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Presidents of the European Commission

High Authority of the Coal and Steel Community
(1952–1967)

* Jean Monnet (Monnet Authority, 1952–55)
* René Mayer (Mayer Authority, 1955–58)
* Paul Finet (Finet Authority, 1958–59)
* Piero Malvestiti (Malvestiti Authority, 1959–63)
* Rinaldo Del Bo (Del Bo Authority, 1963–67)
* Acting: Albert Coppé (Coppé Authority, 1967)

Commission of the Atomic Energy Community
(1958–1967)

* Louis Armand (Armand Commission, 1958–59)
* Étienne Hirsch (Hirsch Commission, 1959–62)
* Pierre Chatenet (Chatenet Commission, 1962–67)

Commission of the Economic Community
(1958–1967)

* Walter Hallstein (Hallstein Commission, 1958–67)

Commission of the Communities
(1967–2009)

* Jean Rey (Rey Commission, 1967–70)
* Franco Maria Malfatti (Malfatti Commission, 1970–72)
* Sicco Mansholt (Mansholt Commission, 1972–73)
* François-Xavier Ortoli (Ortoli Commission, 1973–77)
* Roy Jenkins (Jenkins Commission, 1977–81)
* Gaston Thorn (Thorn Commission, 1981–85)
* Jacques Delors (Delors Commission, 1985–95)
* Jacques Santer (Santer Commission, 1995–99)
* Acting: Manuel Marín (Santer Commission, 1999)
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* José Manuel Barroso (Barroso Commission, 2004–09)

Commission (2009–present)

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* Jean-Claude Juncker (Juncker Commission 2014–19)
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