Étude Op. 10, No. 12 (Chopin)

Étude written by Chopin

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Étude Op. 10, No. 12" Chopin – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

Opening of the Revolutionary Étude

Étude Op. 10, No. 12 in C minor, known as the "Revolutionary Étude" or the "Étude on the Bombardment of Warsaw",[1] is a solo piano work by Frédéric Chopin written c. 1831, and the last in his first set, Études, Op. 10, dedicated "à son ami Franz Liszt" ("to his friend Franz Liszt"). The autographed edition is located in the archive of Stiftelsen Musikkulturens Främjande (The Nydahl Collection) in Stockholm.

## History

[edit]

The 1831 Russian attack on Warsaw, which is apocryphally believed to have been the inspiration behind Chopin's "Revolutionary Étude"

Popular legend holds that Chopin was inspired to write the 12th Étude after the Battle of Warsaw in 1831 during the November Uprising in his native Poland, but this is not corroborated by any solid historical evidence. At any rate, the piece did first appear around the same time as the November Uprising. Upon the conclusion of this battle, which marked the failure of the Polish rebellion against Russia, Chopin reportedly cried, "All this has caused me much pain. Who could have foreseen it?"[2]

Unlike études of prior periods, which were designed primarily to emphasize and develop particular aspects of musical technique, the romantic études of composers such as Chopin and Liszt are fully developed concert pieces that reinforce the development of more robust technique.

## Technique and analysis

[edit]

Étude No. 12

Martha Goldstein playing on an Érard (1851) - 2985KB

* * *

Revolutionary Etude

MIDI rendition

* * *

Problems playing these files? See media help.

For Op. 10, No. 12, the technique required in the opening bars is executing long, loud descending runs, which form a dominant minor ninth chord that builds up to the main theme. The length and repetition of these rapid passages are distinctive. The rest of the passage focuses on the left hand fingering scales and arpeggios. The opening theme, in the right hand, is notable for its powerful chordal basis.

A primary challenge of Op. 10, No. 12 lies in the simultaneous playing of relentless left hand semiquavers while the RH shapes widely distributed octaves into legato melodic shapes.

The left hand technique in this piece involves evenly played semiquavers throughout. The structure is in Chopin's usual ternary form (A–B–A–coda). The opening arresting figuration transitions into the main appassionato melody. The octave melody's upward ascending forte dotted rhythms and the continuous tumultuous LH accompaniment provide great drama with few moments of respite. The piece ends by recalling the opening in a final descending sweep (with both hands) descending to an F major chord, eventually cadencing on C major (tierce de Picardie).

## References

[edit]

1. ^ de Korwin-Piotrowska, Sophie (1933). Baldensperger, Fernand; Hazard, Paul (eds.). Balzac et le monde slave [Balzac and the Slavic World]. Bibliothèque de la Revue de littérature comparée (in French). Vol. 93\. Paris: University of Paris & H. Champion. p. 336\. OCLC 489978309.
2. ^ Niecks, Frederick (1945), Frédéric Chopin as a Man and Musician, p. 98.

## External links

[edit]

* Mutopia Project \- A public domain engraving of the score using GNU LilyPond, available in several formats.
* Études Op.10: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Ignaz Friedman
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Alfred Cortot
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Arthur Rubinstein
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Claudio Arrau
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Vladimir Horowitz
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Sviatoslav Richter
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Tamás Vásáry
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Adam Harasiewicz
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Vladimir Ashkenazy
* Op. 10, No. 12 played by Maurizio Pollini
* Chopin-Godowsky - Etude op. 10, No. 12 played by Francesco Libetta (YouTube)

* v
* t
* e

Études by Frédéric Chopin

Opus 10|

* No. 1
* No. 2
* No. 3
* No. 4
* No. 5
* No. 6
* No. 7
* No. 8
* No. 9
* No. 10
* No. 11
* No. 12

Opus 25|

* No. 1
* No. 2
* No. 3
* No. 4
* No. 5
* No. 6
* No. 7
* No. 8
* No. 9
* No. 10
* No. 11
* No. 12

Trois nouvelles études|

* Trois nouvelles études

* {{Ballades}}
* {{Concertante}}
* {{Études}}
* {{Mazurkas}}
* {{Nocturnes}}
* {{Polonaises}}
* {{Preludes}}
* {{Scherzos}}
* {{Waltzes}}

* {{Frédéric Chopin}}
* List of compositions by genre
* List of compositions by opus number

Portal:

* Classical Music

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF
* 2

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Israel

Other|

* MusicBrainz work

*[c.]: circa
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template