-ene

Suffix used in organic chemistry

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The suffix -ene is used in organic chemistry to form names of organic compounds where the -C=C- group has been attributed the highest priority according to the rules of organic nomenclature.[1] Sometimes a number between hyphens is inserted before it to say that the double bond is between that atom and the atom with the next number up. This suffix comes from the end of the word ethylene, which is the simplest alkene. The final "-e" disappears if it comes before by a suffix that starts with a vowel, e.g. "-enal", which is a compound that contains both a -C=C- bond and an aldehyde functional group. If the other suffix starts with a consonant or "y", the final "-e" remains, e.g. "-enediyne" (which has the "-ene" suffix and also the "-yne" suffix, for a compound with a double bond and two triple bonds.)

A Greek number prefix before the "-ene" indicates how many double bonds there are in the compound, e.g. butadiene.

The suffix "-ene" is also used in inorganic chemistry to indicate a one-atom thick two-dimensional layer of atoms, as in graphene, silicene, stanene, borophene, xenzophene, and germanene.

## See also[edit]

* IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

## References[edit]

1. ^ The Commission on the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (1971) [1958]. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry (A: Hydrocarbons, and B: Fundamental Heterocyclic Systems), 1965 (C: Characteristic Groups) (3 ed.). London: Butterworths. ISBN 0-408-70144-7.

Look up -ene in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

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Organic chemistry affixes

Carbon-based|

* -ane (alkane)
* -ene (alkene)
* -ine (unsaturated hydrocarbon)
* -yne (alkyne)
* alk- (nonaromatic hydrocarbon)
* ar- (aromatic)
* cyclo- (cyclic)

Oxygen-based|

* -al (aldehyde)
* -oate (ester)
* -oic acid (carboxylic acid)
* -ol (alcohol)
* -one (ketone)
* -ose (sugar)

Nitrogen-based|

* -ine (alkaloid)
* aza- (N replaces C)

Sulfur-based|

* thio- (S replaces O)

Counting axial atoms|

* meth- (1)
* eth- (2)
* prop- (3)
* but- (4)
* (and the rest are ordinary Greek/Latin prefixes)

Other|

* -ase (enzyme)
* -yl (radical)

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