.md

Internet country code top-level domain for Moldova

This article is about an Internet domain. For the file suffix, see Markdown.

.md

Introduced| 24 March 1994
TLD type| Country code top-level domain
Status| Active
Registry| STISC[1]
Intended use| Entities connected with Moldova
Actual use| Very popular in Moldova, limited use by medical doctors,[2] limited use by Markdown-related applications[3][4]
Registered domains| over 25,000 (2020-07-25)[5]
Registration restrictions| Prohibited domain names with bad taste, foul language, injurious to public order or to public sensibilities, with offending character, or with obscene or pornographic words
Structure| Registrations are taken directly at the second level
Documents| Terms and conditions
Dispute policies| UDRP
DNSSEC| yes
Registry website| nic.md

.md is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Moldova introduced on March 24, 1994.

The price of domain registration is 450 lei[5] or US$39 (including VAT)[6] per year.

The TLD is currently administered by STISC (Service for Information Technology and Cyber Security);[1] before being merged into STISC, the Moldovan state company MoldData had an exclusive agreement to administer and distribute domain names within the .MD domain.[7]

## Second-level domain names[edit]

The official regulations list a number of second-level domain names for official state and local government use, as well as a list of generic second-level domain names:[8]

* .com.md – Commercial entities
* .srl.md – Private limited companies
* .sa.md – Publicly traded companies
* .net.md – Companies which offer Internet services
* .org.md – Other organizations, including NGOs and not-for-profit organizations
* .acad.md – Academic and educational institutions

.com.md, .org.md, .info.md, and .pro.md third-level domain names can be registered via MoldData for US$12.[6]

## History[edit]

The establishment of the .md TLD was approved in March 1994 by the University of Southern California's Information Sciences Institute (IANA's predecessor). The first Moldovan Internet server, mdearn.md, became operational on January 1, 1994. In May 1995, .md was fully delegated to RCI (the Moldovan Republican Centre for Informatics, established September 1, 1993[9]).

In 1998, RCI entered into a contractual agreement with Domain Name Trust, a US-based company, granting it the rights to operate and oversee the TLD. Domain Name Trust then proceeded to sell its rights to operate .md to DotMD, a US-based LLC, which went bankrupt in October 2002. During the resulting bankruptcy court proceedings, authority over .md was ordered to be returned to the state of Moldova in February 2003.[10][2]

RCI was renamed into MoldData on 12 July 2001, formalizing its transformation and succession on 19 September.[11] On 30 August 2019, by order of the Moldovan government, MoldData was absorbed into STISC (Service for Information Technology and Cyber Security), which took over the responsibility of the national registrar for the .md TLD.[12][1]

In November 2007, the number of domains registered under the .md TLD reached 12,000.[9]

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c "Registrator național al domeniului de nivel superior ".md"". Retrieved 2020-07-25.
2. ^ a b "New company makes push for ".md" domain". 2005-01-17. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
3. ^ "Obsidian". Retrieved 2022-12-19.
4. ^ "Nota". Retrieved 2022-12-19.
5. ^ a b "nic.md (.MD Domain Registry)". nic.md. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
6. ^ a b "Înregistrare domene". Retrieved 2020-07-25.
7. ^ "Suport - Întrebări frecvente". Retrieved 2020-07-25.
8. ^ "Regulamentul cu privire la gestionarea numelor în domenul de nivel superior .md" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-03-26.
9. ^ a b "Date memorabile". Retrieved 2020-07-25.
10. ^ "IANA Report on Redelegation of the .MD Top-Level Domain". 2003-10-22. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
11. ^ "MOLDDATA, ÎS". Retrieved 2020-07-25.
12. ^ "Î.S. "MOLDDATA" se reorganizează prin fuziune (absorbție)". 2019-09-16. Retrieved 2020-07-25.

## External links[edit]

* IANA .md whois information
* .md domain registry
* nic.md WHOIS tool

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Country code top-level domains

ISO 3166-1

A .ac .ad .ae .af .ag .ai .al .am .ao .aq .ar .as .at .au .aw .ax .az B .ba .bb .bd .be .bf .bg .bh .bi .bj .bm .bn .bo .br .bs .bt .bw .by .bz C .ca .cc .cd .cf .cg .ch .ci .ck .cl .cm .cn .co .cr .cu .cv .cw .cx .cy .cz D .de .dj .dk .dm .do .dz E .ec .ee .eg .er .es .et .eu F .fi .fj .fk .fm .fo .fr G .ga .gd .ge .gf .gg .gh .gi .gl .gm .gn .gp .gq .gr .gs .gt .gu .gw .gy H .hk .hm .hn .hr .ht .hu I .id .ie .il .im .in .io .iq .ir .is .it J .je .jm .jo .jp K .ke .kg .kh .ki .km .kn .kp .kr .kw .ky .kz .krd L .la .lb .lc .li .lk .lr .ls .lt .lu .lv .ly M .ma .mc .md .me .mg .mh .mk .ml .mm .mn .mo .mp .mq .mr .ms .mt .mu .mv .mw .mx .my .mz N .na .nc .ne .nf .ng .ni .nl .no .np .nr .nu .nz O .om P .pa .pe .pf .pg .ph .pk .pl .pm .pn .pr .ps .pt .pw .py Q .qa R .re .ro .rs .ru .rw S .sa .sb .sc .sd .se .sg .sh .si .sk .sl .sm .sn .so .sr .ss .st .su .sv .sx .sy .sz T .tc .td .tf .tg .th .tj .tk .tl .tm .tn .to .tr .tt .tv .tw .tz U .ua .ug .uk .us .uy .uz V .va .vc .ve .vg .vi .vn .vu W .wf .ws Y .ye .yt Z .za .zm .zw

Internationalized (IDN) ccTLD

| Cyrillic script| Arabic script| Brahmic scripts| Chinese characters| Other scripts

|
|
|
|

* .бг (bg, Bulgaria)
* .бел (bieł, Belarus)
* .ею (eyu, European Union)
* .қаз (qaz, Kazakhstan)
* .мон (mon, Mongolia)
* .мкд (mkd, North Macedonia)
* .рф (rf, Russia)
* .срб (srb, Serbia)
* .укр (ukr, Ukraine)

* الجزائر. (al-Jazā’ir, Algeria)
* مصر. (Miṣr, Egypt)
* بھارت. (Bhārat, India)
* ایران. (Irân, Iran)
* الاردن. (al-Urdun, Jordan)
* فلسطين. (Filasṭin, Palestine)
* پاکستان. (Pākistān, Pakistan)
* قطر. (Qaṭar)
* السعودية. (al-Saudiah, Saudi Arabia)
* سوريا. (Sūryā, Syria)
* تونس. (Tunis, Tunisia)
* امارات. (Emarat, UAE)
* عمان. (ʻUmān, Oman)
* مليسيا. (Maleesya, Malaysia)
* المغرب. (al-Maġrib, Morocco)
* سودان. (Sūdān, Sudan)
* اليمن. (al-Yaman, Yemen)

* .বাংলা (Bāṅla, Bangladesh)
* .ভাৰত (Bhārat, India)
* .ভারত (Bhārat, India)
* .भारत (Bhārat, India)
* .భారత్ (Bhārat, India)
* .ભારત (Bhārat, India)
* .ਭਾਰਤ (Bhārat, India)
* .ଭାରତ (Bhārata, India)
* .இந்தியா (Indiyā, India)
* .ລາວ (Lao, Laos)
* .சிங்கப்பூர் (Cinkappūr, Singapore)
* .ලංකා (Laṅkā, Sri Lanka)
* .இலங்கை (Ilaṅkai, Sri Lanka)
* .ไทย (Thai, Thailand)

* .中国 (Zhōngguó/Zung1gwok3/Tiong-kok/Chûng-koet, China)
* .中國 (Zhōngguó/Zung1gwok3/Tiong-kok/Chûng-koet, China)
* .香港 (Xiānggǎng/Hoeng1gong2, Hong Kong)
* .澳門 (Àomén/Ou3mun4, Macau)
* .澳门 (Àomén/Ou3mun4, Macau)
* .新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō/Sin-ka-pho, Singapore)
* .台灣 (Táiwān/Tâi-uân/Thòi-vàn, Taiwan)
* .台湾 (Táiwān/Tâi-uân/Thòi-vàn, Taiwan)

* .հայ (hay, Armenia)
* .ευ (ey, European Union)
* .გე (ge, Georgia)
* .ελ (el, Greece)
* .한국 (Han-guk, South Korea)
* ישראל. (Yisrael, Israel)

Proposed ccTLDs

|  |

.κπ (kp, Cyprus) - .日本 (Nippon, Japan)

|

Others

| Reserved / unassigned| Allocated / unused| Phased out / deleted

|
|

.bl .bq .eh .mf .su .xk

.bv .gb .sj

.an .bu .cs .dd .tp .um .yu .zr

See also: Generic top-level domains

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