10th Wisconsin Legislature

Wisconsin legislative term for 1857

10th Wisconsin Legislature

| ←| 9th | 11th| →

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Wisconsin State Capitol, 1855

Overview
Legislative body| Wisconsin Legislature
Meeting place| Wisconsin State Capitol
Term| January 5, 1857 – January 4, 1858
Election| November 4, 1856
Senate
Members| 30
Senate President| Arthur MacArthur Sr. (D)
Party control| Republican
Assembly
Members| 97
Assembly Speaker| Wyman Spooner (R)
Party control| Republican
Sessions
| 1st| January 14, 1857 – March 9, 1857

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The Tenth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 14, 1857, to March 9, 1857, in regular session.

This was the first legislative session after the expansion and redistricting of the Senate and Assembly according to an act of the previous session. The Senate grew from 25 to 30 seats; the Assembly grew from 82 to 97 seats.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 1856. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 6, 1855, or were elected in the 1856 election for a newly created district and were serving a one-year term.[1]

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Coles Bashford, of Winnebago County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1855 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.

## Major events

[edit]

* January 23, 1857: James Rood Doolittle elected United States Senator by the Wisconsin Legislature in joint session.[2]
* March 4, 1857: Inauguration of James Buchanan as the 15th President of the United States.
* November 3, 1857: Alexander Randall elected Governor of Wisconsin.

## Major legislation

[edit]

* February 19, 1857: Act relating to the writ of Habeas Corpus to persons claimed as Fugitive Slaves, the right of trial by jury, and to prevent kidnapping in this State, 1857 Act 8. This was an attempt to make it more difficult to arrest people on accusation that they were fugitive slaves. It also introduced severe penalties for falsely claiming a person as a fugitive slave.
* February 28, 1857: Act providing for the erection of the main edifice of the State University, 1857 Act 25
* February 28, 1857: Act authorizing the enlargement of the State Capitol, and providing and appropriating means for the payment of the same, 1857 Act 26
* March 4, 1857: Act to extend the right of Suffrage, 1857 Act 44. This was the second attempt to create a referendum which would grant voting rights to African American men in Wisconsin. The first referendum passed, but was deemed illegitimate. This referendum would fail in the 1857 election. Ultimately, the Wisconsin Supreme Court would rule in the 1866 case of Gillespie v. Palmer that the earlier referendum was valid, and that African American men would have the right to vote in the state.
* March 7, 1857: Act to preserve the purity of Elections, 1857 Act 85
* March 9, 1857: Act to provide for the appointment of a Superintendent of Public Property and to define his powers and duties, 1857 Act 95

## Party summary

[edit]

### Senate summary

[edit]

Senate partisan composition

Democratic: 11 seats

Republican: 19 seats

| Party

(Shading indicates majority caucus)

| Total  |

|
|
|

|  |  |
Democratic | Ind. | Republican | Vacant
End of previous Legislature | 12  | 0  | 13  | 25  | 0
1st Session  | 11  | 0  | 19  | 30  | 0
Final voting share  | 37%  | 0%  | 63%  |
Beginning of the next Legislature | 12  | 0  | 18  | 30  | 0

### Assembly summary

[edit]

Assembly partisan composition

Democratic: 34 seats

Republican: 63 seats

| Party

(Shading indicates majority caucus)

| Total  |

|
|
|

|  |  |
Democratic | Ind. | Republican | Vacant
End of previous Legislature | 47  | 1  | 34  | 82  | 0
1st Session  | 34  | 0  | 63  | 97  | 0
Final voting share  | 35%  | 0%  | 65%  |
Beginning of the next Legislature | 44  | 0  | 53  | 97  | 0

## Sessions

[edit]

* 1st Regular session: January 14, 1857 – March 9, 1857

## Leaders

[edit]

### Senate leadership

[edit]

* President of the Senate: Arthur MacArthur Sr., Lieutenant Governor
* President pro tempore:

### Assembly leadership

[edit]

* Speaker of the Assembly: Wyman Spooner

## Members

[edit]

### Members of the Senate

[edit]

Members of the Wisconsin Senate for the Tenth Wisconsin Legislature (30):

Senate partisan representation

Democratic: 11 seats

Republican: 19 seats

District  | Counties  | Senator  | Party  | Residence

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01 | Sheboygan | Elijah Fox Cook | Dem.  | Sheboygan
02 | Brown, Door, Kewaunee, Oconto, Outagamie, Shawanaw | Perry H. Smith | Dem.  | Appleton
03 | Ozaukee | Herman J. Schulteis | Dem.  | Ozaukee
04 | Washington | Baruch S. Weil | Dem.  | Schleisingerville
05 | Milwaukee (Northern Half) | Augustus Greulich | Dem.  | Milwaukee
06 | Milwaukee (Southern Half) | Edward O'Neill | Dem.  | Milwaukee
07 | Racine | Champion S. Chase | Rep.  | Racine
08 | Kenosha | C. Latham Sholes | Rep.  | Kenosha
09 | Adams, Juneau, Sauk | John T. Kingston | Rep.  | Necedah
10 | Waukesha | Edward Gernon | Dem.  | Genesee
11 | Dane (Eastern Part) | Hiram H. Giles | Rep.  | Stoughton
12 | Walworth | Jesse C. Mills | Rep.  | Elkhorn
13 | Lafayette | Philemon B. Simpson | Dem.  | Shullsburg
14 | Jefferson (Northern Part) & Dodge (Southern Part) | S. W. Barnes | Dem.  | Watertown
15 | Iowa & Richland | Lemuel W. Joiner | Rep.  | Wyoming
16 | Grant | J. Allen Barber | Rep.  | Lancaster
17 | Rock (Western Part) | James Sutherland | Rep.  | Janesville
18 | Rock (Eastern Part) | Louis P. Harvey | Rep.  | Shopiere
19 | Manitowoc, Calumet | Temple Clark | Dem.  | Manitowoc
20 | Fond du Lac | Edward Pier | Rep.  | Fond du Lac
21 | Winnebago | Edwin Wheeler | Rep.  | Oshkosh
22 | Dodge (Northern Part) | S. L. Rose | Dem.  | Beaver Dam
23 | Jefferson (Southern Part) | Samuel C. Bean | Rep.  | Lake Mills
24 | Green | George E. Dexter | Rep.  | Monroe
25 | Columbia | Moses M. Davis | Rep.  | Portage
26 | Dane (Western Part) | Hiram C. Bull | Rep.  | Madison
27 | Marathon, Portage, Waupaca, Waushara, Wood | Luther Hanchett | Rep.  | Plover
28 | Burnett, Chippewa, Clark, Douglas, Dunn, La Pointe, Pierce, Polk, St. Croix | William Wilson | Rep.  | Menomonie
29 | Marquette | Martin L. Kimball | Rep.  | Berlin
30 | Bad Ax, Buffalo, Crawford, Jackson, La Crosse, Monroe, Tremealeau | William T. Price | Rep.  | Black River Falls

### Members of the Assembly

[edit]

Members of the Assembly for the Tenth Wisconsin Legislature (97):[3]

Assembly partisan representation

Democratic: 34 seats

Republican: 63 seats

Senate
District  | County  | District  | Representative  | Party  | Residence

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09 | Adams & Juneau | Joseph Langworthy | Rep.  | Mauston
28 | Ashland, Burnett, Douglas, La Pointe, Polk, St. Croix | George Strong | Rep.  | Hudson
30 | Bad Ax, Crawford | Buel E. Hutchinson | Rep.  | Prairie du Chien
02 | Brown | Edgar Conklin | Dem.  | Green Bay
30 | Buffalo, Jackson, Trempealeau | Samuel D. Hastings | Rep.  | Trempealeau
19 | Calumet | George A. Jenkins | Rep.  | Charlestown
28 | Chippewa, Clark, Dunn, & Pierce | Orrin T. Maxson | Rep.  | Prescott
25 | Columbia[4] | 1  | George M. Bartholomew | Rep.  | Lodi
2  | Oliver C. Howe | Rep.  | Lowville
3  | Henry Converse | Rep.  | Wyocena
11 | Dane[5][4] | 1  | John A. Johnson | Rep.  | Stoughton
2  | Robert W. Davison | Rep.  | Beverly
3  | Robert P. Main | Rep.  | Oregon
26 | 4  | John B. Sweat | Dem.  | Black Earth
5  | Horace A. Tenney | Rep.  | Madison
6  | Nathaniel W. Dean | Rep.  | Madison
22 | Dodge[4] | 1  | Edward N. Foster | Rep.  | Mayville
2  | Peter Potter | Dem.  | Leroy
3  | Robert B. Wentworth | Rep.  | Juneau
4  | Quartus H. Barron | Rep.  | Fox Lake
5  | A. Scott Sloan | Rep.  | Beaver Dam
6  | John J. Williams | Rep.  | Springfield
02 | Door, Kewaunee, Oconto, & Shawano | Ezra B. Stevens | Rep.  | Sturgeon Bay
20 | Fond du Lac[4] | 1  | Edmund L. Runals | Rep.  | Ripon
2  | Morris S. Barnett | Rep.  | Rosendale
3  | John B. Wilbor | Dem.  | Fond du Lac
4  | Major J. Thomas | Dem.  | Fond du Lac
5  | Aaron Walters | Dem.  | Fond du Lac
16 | Grant[4] | 1  | Allen Taylor | Rep.  | Hazel Green
2  | Albert W. Emerey | Dem.  | Potosi
3  | Hanmer Robbins | Rep.  | Platteville
4  | Joseph T. Mills | Rep.  | Lancaster
5  | Joachim Gulick | Rep.  | Ora Oak
24 | Green[4] | 1  | Charles F. Thompson | Rep.  | Monticello
2  | Thomas W. Hall | Rep.  | Monroe
15 | Iowa[4] | 1  | Ephraim Knowlton | Dem.  | Highland
2  | Thomas S. Allen | Rep.  | Mineral Point
23 | Jefferson[4] | 1  | Delatus M. Aspinwall | Rep.  | Farmington
2  | Jared F. Ostrander | Rep.  | Aztalan
14 | 3  | William Chappell | Dem.  | Watertown
4  | William M. Morse | Dem.  | Alderly
5  | Kendall P. Clark | Dem.  | Portland
08 | Kenosha[4] | 1  | Frederick S. Lovell | Rep.  | Kenosha
2  | Lathrop Burgess | Rep.  | Salem
30 | La Crosse, Monroe | Dugald D. Cameron | Rep.  | La Crosse
13 | Lafayette[4] | 1  | Joseph White | Dem.  | Cottage Inn
2  | Henry W. Barnes | Dem.  | Wiota
3  | James H. Earnest | Dem.  | New Diggings
19 | Manitowoc[4] | 1  | Charles H. Walker | Dem.  | Manitowoc
2  | Thomas Cunningham | Dem.  | Clarks Mills
27 | Marathon, Portage, Wood | Anson Rood | Rep.  | Stevens Point
29 | Marquette[4] | 1  | Davis H. Waite | Rep.  | Princeton
2  | Paul D. Hayward | Rep.  | Kingston
05 | Milwaukee[4] | 1  | Frederick K. Bartlett | Dem.  | Milwaukee
2  | Moses M. Strong | Dem.  | Milwaukee
06 | 3  | Andrew McCormick | Dem.  | Milwaukee
4  | Jonathan Taylor | Dem.  | Milwaukee
5  | Jasper Humphrey | Dem.  | Milwaukee
05 | 6  | Herman Haertel | Dem.  | Milwaukee
7  | Frederick Moskowitt | Dem.  | Milwaukee
06 | 8  | James Reynolds | Dem.  | Milwaukee
9  | James D. Reymert | Dem.  | Milwaukee
02 | Outagamie | Theodore Conkey | Dem.  | Appleton
03 | Ozaukee[4] | 1  | Samuel A. White | Dem.  | Ozaukee
2  | Frederick W. Horn | Dem.  | Cedarburg
07 | Racine[4] | 1  | Lewelyn J. Evans | Rep.  | Racine
2  | Peter C. Lutkin | Rep.  | Whitesville
3  | Joseph Nelson | Rep.  | Raymond
4  | James Catton | Rep.  | Burlington
15 | Richland | Robert C. Field | Rep.  | Richland
18 | Rock[4] | 1  | Lucius G. Fisher | Rep.  | Beloit
2  | George R. Atherton | Rep.  | Clinton
17 | 3  | David Noggle | Rep.  | Janesville
4  | Ezra A. Foot | Rep.  | Footville
5  | William H. Tripp | Rep.  | Janesville
09 | Sauk[4] | 1  | James G. Train | Rep.  | Merrimack
2  | Abram West | Rep.  | Reedsburg
01 | Sheboygan[4] | 1  | Zebulon P. Mason | Dem.  | Sheboygan
2  | Robert H. Hotchkiss | Dem.  | Plymouth
3  | Glenville W. Stone | Rep.  | Winooski
12 | Walworth[4] | 1  | David Williams | Rep.  | Springfield
2  | Samuel W. Voorhees | Rep.  | Sharon
3  | Solmous Wakeley | Rep.  | Whitewater
4  | Wyman Spooner | Rep.  | Elkhorn
04 | Washington[4] | 1  | Hopewell Coxe | Dem.  | Hartford
2  | James Vollmar | Dem.  | West Bend
3  | James Fagan | Dem.  | Cedarburg
10 | Waukesha[4] | 1  | James M. Lewis | Rep.  | Oconomowoc
2  | George Cairncross | Rep.  | Pewaukee
3  | Thomas Sugden | Rep.  | North Prairie
4  | Elihu Enos | Rep.  | Waukesha
5  | Charles S. Hawley | Rep.  | Waukesha
27 | Waupaca | Benjamin F. Phillips | Dem.  | Mukwa
Waushara | George Hawley | Rep.  | Poysippi
21 | Winnebago[4] | 1  | Philetus Sawyer | Rep.  | Oshkosh
2  | John Anunson | Rep.  | Winchester
3  | William P. McAllister | Rep.  | Omro

## Employees

[edit]

### Senate employees

[edit]

* Chief Clerk: William Henry Brisbane
* Sergeant-at-Arms: Alanson Filer

### Assembly employees

[edit]

* Chief Clerk: William C. Webb
* Sergeant-at-Arms: William C. Rogers

## Changes from the 9th Legislature

[edit]

The most significant structural change to the Legislature between the 9th and 10th sessions was the reapportionment and redistricting of legislative seats. The new districts were defined in 1856 Wisconsin Act 109, passed into law in the 9th Wisconsin Legislature.

### Senate redistricting

[edit]

#### Summary of changes

[edit]

* 17 senate districts were left unchanged.
* Dane County went from having one senator to two (11, 26).
* Jefferson County went from having one senator to two (14, 23).
* Marquette County became its own senate district (29), after previously having been in a shared district with Adams, Sauk, and Waushara counties.
* Sheboygan County became its own senate district (1), after previously having been in a shared district with Calumet and Manitowoc counties
* Waukesha County went from two senators to one (10).
* The multi-county, lightly-populated northern and western regions of the state went from two senators to four (2, 27, 28, 30).

#### Senate districts

[edit]

after redistricting before redistricting Dist.  | 9th Legislature  | 10th Legislature

|
|

1 | Calumet, Manitowoc, Sheboygan counties  | Sheboygan County
2 | Brown, Door, Marathon, Oconto, Outagamie, Portage, Waupaca counties  | Brown, Outagamie, Door, Kewaunee, Oconto, Shawano counties
3  | Ozaukee County  | Ozaukee County
4  | Washington County  | Washington County
5  | Northern Milwaukee County  | Northern Milwaukee County
6  | Southern Milwaukee County  | Southern Milwaukee County
7  | Racine County  | Racine County
8  | Kenosha County  | Kenosha County
9 | Northern Waukesha County  | Sauk, Adams, Juneau counties
10 | Southern Waukesha County  | Waukesha County
11 | Dane County  | Eastern Dane County
12  | Walworth County  | Walworth County
13  | Lafayette County  | Lafayette County
14 | Jefferson County  | Northern Jefferson County
15  | Iowa, Richland counties  | Iowa, Richland counties
16  | Grant County  | Grant County
17  | Western Rock County  | Western Rock County
18  | Eastern Rock County  | Eastern Rock County
19 | Bad Ax, Buffalo, Chippewa, Clark, Crawford, Jackson, La Crosse, La Pointe, Pierce, Polk, St. Croix counties  | Manitowoc, Calumet County
20  | Fond du Lac County  | Fond du Lac County
21  | Winnebago County  | Winnebago County
22  | Dodge County  | Dodge County
23 | Adams, Marquette, Sauk, Waushara counties  | Southern Jefferson County
24  | Green County  | Green County
25  | Columbia County  | Columbia County
26 | Did not exist in 9th Legislature | Western Dane County
27 | Marathon, Portage, Waupaca, Waushara, Wood County
28 | Burnett, Chippewa, Clark, Douglas, Dunn, La Pointe, Pierce, Polk, St. Croix counties
29 | Marquette County
30 | Bad Ax, Buffalo, Crawford, Jackson, La Crosse, Monroe, Tremealeau counties

### Assembly redistricting

[edit]

#### Summary of changes

[edit]

* Brown County became its own assembly district, after previously having been in a shared district with Door and Kewaunee counties.
* Columbia County went from having 2 districts to 3.
* Dane County went from having 5 districts to 6.
* Fond du Lac County went from having 4 districts to 5.
* Green County went from having 1 district to 2.
* Manitowoc County went from having 1 district to 2.
* Marquette County went from having 1 district and 1 shared district with Waushara to having 2 districts.
* Outagamie County became its own assembly district, after previously having been in a shared district with Oconto and Waupaca counties.
* Rock County went from having 4 districts to 5.
* Sauk County went from sharing a district with Adams to having 2 districts of its own.
* Sheboygan County went from having 2 districts to 3.
* Walworth County went from having 6 districts to 4.
* Washington County went from having 2 districts to 3.
* Waupaca County became its own assembly district, after previously having been in a shared district with Oconto and Outagamie counties.
* Waushara County became its own assembly district, after previously having been in a shared district with Marquette
* Winnebago County went from having 2 districts to 3.

#### Assembly districts

[edit]

County  | Districts in 9th Legislature  | Districts in 10th Legislature

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Adams  | Shared with Sauk  | Shared with Juneau
Ashland  | Did not exist | Shared with Burnett, Douglas, La Pointe, Polk, St. Croix
Bad Ax  | Shared with Crawford  | Shared with Crawford
Brown  | Shared with Door, Kewaunee  | 1 District
Buffalo  | Did not exist | Shared with Jackson, Trempealeau
Burnett  | Did not exist | Shared with Ashland, Douglas, La Pointe, Polk, St. Croix
Calumet  | 1 District  | 1 District
Chippewa  | Shared with La Crosse  | Shared with Clark, Dunn, Pierce
Clark  | Did not exist | Shared with Chippewa, Dunn, Pierce
Columbia  | 2 Districts  | 3 Districts
Crawford  | Shared with Bad Ax  | Shared with Bad Ax
Dane  | 5 Districts  | 6 Districts
Dodge  | 6 Districts  | 6 Districts
Door  | Shared with Brown, Kewaunee  | Shared with Kewaunee, Oconto
Douglas  | Did not exist | Shared with Ashland, Burnett, La Pointe, Polk, St. Croix
Dunn  | Did not exist | Shared with Chippewa, Clark, Pierce
Fond du Lac  | 4 Districts  | 5 Districts
Grant  | 5 Districts  | 5 Districts
Green  | 1 District  | 2 Districts
Iowa  | 2 Districts  | 2 Districts
Jackson  | Did not exist | Shared with Buffalo, Trempealeau
Jefferson  | 5 Districts  | 5 Districts
Juneau  | Did not exist | Shared with Adams
Kenosha  | 2 Districts  | 2 Districts
Kewaunee  | Shared with Brown, Door  | Shared with Door, Oconto
La Crosse  | Shared with Chippewa  | Shared with Monroe
La Pointe  | Shared with Pierce, Polk, St. Croix  | Shared with Ashland, Burnett, Douglas, Polk, St. Croix
Lafayette  | 3 Districts  | 3 Districts
Manitowoc  | 1 District  | 2 Districts
Marathon  | Shared with Portage  | Shared with Portage, Wood
Marquette  | 2 Shared with Waushara  | 2 Districts
Milwaukee  | 9 Districts  | 9 Districts
Monroe  | Did not exist | Shared with La Crosse
Oconto  | Shared with Outagamie, Waupaca  | Shared with Door, Kewaunee
Outagamie  | Shared with Oconto, Waupaca  | 1 District
Ozaukee  | 2 Districts  | 2 Districts
Pierce  | Shared with La Pointe, Polk, St. Croix  | Shared with Chippewa, Clark, Dunn
Polk  | Shared with La Pointe, Pierce, St. Croix  | Shared with Ashland, Burnett, Douglas, La Pointe, St. Croix
Portage  | Shared with Marathon  | Shared with Marathon, Wood
Racine  | 4 Districts  | 4 Districts
Richland  | 1 District  | 1 District
Rock  | 4 Districts  | 5 Districts
Sauk  | Shared with Adams  | 2 Districts
Sheboygan  | 2 Districts  | 3 Districts
St. Croix  | Shared with La Pointe, Pierce, Polk  | Shared with Ashland, Burnett, Douglas, La Pointe, Polk
Trempealeau  | Did not exist | Shared with Buffalo, Jackson
Walworth  | 6 Districts  | 4 Districts
Washington  | 2 Districts  | 3 Districts
Waukesha  | 4 Districts  | 4 Districts
Waupaca  | Shared with Oconto, Outagamie  | 1 District
Waushara  | 2 Shared with Marquette  | 1 District
Winnebago  | 2 Districts  | 3 Districts
Wood  | Did not exist | Shared with Marathon, Portage

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Annals of the legislature". The Blue Book of the state of Wisconsin 1881 (Report). State of Wisconsin. pp. 193–194.
2. ^ Journal of the Assembly of Wisconsin (Report). Calkins & Proudfit. 1857. pp. 83–85. Retrieved September 28, 2019.
3. ^ Crane, L. H. D., ed. (1859). "List of Assembly districts, with names of members since the last apportionment" (PDF). A Manual of Customs, Precedents, and Forms, in use in the Assembly of the State of Wisconsin (Report). State of Wisconsin. pp. 58–64. Retrieved August 8, 2021.
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v "The Next Legislature". Milwaukee Sentinel. November 4, 1856. p. 2. Retrieved September 4, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
5. ^ "National Republican Nominations". Wisconsin State Journal. October 25, 1856. p. 2. Retrieved September 4, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.

## External links

[edit]

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