1199

This article is about the year 1199. For other uses, see 1199 (disambiguation).

Calendar year

Years

Millennium
2nd millennium
Centuries

* 11th century
* 12th century
* 13th century

Decades

* 1170s
* 1180s
* 1190s
* 1200s
* 1210s

Years

* 1196
* 1197
* 1198
* 1199
* 1200
* 1201
* 1202

* v
* t
* e

1199 by topic

Leaders

* Political entities
* State leaders
* Religious leaders

Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Art and literature
1199 in poetry

* v
* t
* e

1199 in various calendarsGregorian calendar| 1199
MCXCIX

|

Ab urbe condita| 1952
Armenian calendar| 648
ԹՎ ՈԽԸ
Assyrian calendar| 5949
Balinese saka calendar| 1120–1121
Bengali calendar| 605–606
Berber calendar| 2149
English Regnal year| 10 Ric. 1 – 1 Joh. 1
Buddhist calendar| 1743
Burmese calendar| 561
Byzantine calendar| 6707–6708
Chinese calendar| 戊午年 (Earth Horse)
3896 or 3689
— to —
己未年 (Earth Goat)
3897 or 3690
Coptic calendar| 915–916
Discordian calendar| 2365
Ethiopian calendar| 1191–1192
Hebrew calendar| 4959–4960
Hindu calendars|
\- Vikram Samvat| 1255–1256
\- Shaka Samvat| 1120–1121
\- Kali Yuga| 4299–4300
Holocene calendar| 11199
Igbo calendar| 199–200
Iranian calendar| 577–578
Islamic calendar| 595–596
Japanese calendar| Kenkyū 10 / Shōji 1
(正治元年)
Javanese calendar| 1107–1108
Julian calendar| 1199
MCXCIX
Korean calendar| 3532
Minguo calendar| 713 before ROC
民前713年
Nanakshahi calendar| −269
Seleucid era| 1510/1511 AG
Thai solar calendar| 1741–1742
Tibetan calendar| ས་ཕོ་རྟ་ལོ་
(male Earth-Horse)
1325 or 944 or 172
— to —
ས་མོ་ལུག་ལོ་
(female Earth-Sheep)
1326 or 945 or 173

Year 1199 (MCXCIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar.

## Events

[edit]

### By place

[edit]

#### Europe

[edit]

* January 13 - A short-lived truce is declared, between the Kings Richard I (the Lionheart) and Philip II (Augustus).[1] Two of Europe's most powerful rulers meet on the banks of the Seine River, while shouting terms to one another. With a peace secured, Richard is able to refocus on bringing internal order to the south of the Angevin Empire.[2]
* March 26 - Richard I besieges the unarmed castle of Châlus-Chabrol, and is shot in the left shoulder with a crossbow, by the French boy Pierre Basile.[3] The war between the kingdoms of England and France has become so brutal, that Hugh of Lincoln is warned that "nothing now is safe, neither the city to dwell in nor the highway for travel".[4]
* April 6 - Richard I dies from gangrene, caused by his crossbow wound. His younger brother, John (Lackland), becomes King of England. Richard's jewels are left to his nephew, Otto IV, King of the Romans.[5] Mercadier, a mercenary captain and Richard's second in command, has Pierre Basile flayed alive and hanged.
* Roman Mstislavich (the Great), Grand Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, unites his realm with its westerly neighbor Galicia (after the death of Vladimir II). He makes the Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia more powerful than Kiev.
* Summer - Philip II renews his war against England, supporting the rival claim to the English throne of John's 12-year-old nephew Arthur I, duke of Brittany.[1]
* Summer - After uncovering a plot against him, Emeric, King of Hungary defeats his brother Duke Andrew in a battle, forcing him into exile in Austria. Thereafter, border clashes occurs between Hungary and Austria.[6]

#### Britain

[edit]

* May 26 - John returns to London and chooses people to help him to rule the kingdom. He appoints Archbishop Hubert Walter as his advisor and chancellor. Geoffrey Fitz Peter is chosen as Chief Justiciar and William (the Marshal) becomes Marshal of John's household. On May 27, John is crowned as king of England at Westminster Abbey.
* Summer - King William the Lion of Scotland supports John's claim to the English throne, in exchange for ownership of the northern territories (including Northumberland and Cumberland).

#### Africa

[edit]

* January 23 - Caliph Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur dies at Marrakesh after a 15-year reign in which he has defeated the Castilian forces of King Alfonso VIII (the noble) (see 1195) and other Christian enemies in Al-Andalus. He is succeeded by his son Muhammad al-Nasir as ruler of the Almohad Caliphate (until 1213).

#### Japan

[edit]

* February 9 - Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun, dies at Kamakura after a 7-year reign in which he has established the Kamakura Shogunate (see 1192). He is succeeded by his 16-year-old son Minamoto no Yoriie, his grandfather Hōjō Tokimasa proclaims himself regent for Yoriie (until 1202).

### By topic

[edit]

#### Religion

[edit]

* Summer - Pope Innocent III calls for a fourth Crusade at Rome. Due to the preaching of Fulk of Neuilly, an army is organized at a tournament held at Ecry-sur-Aisne by Theobald III, count of Champagne, on November 28.
* St. Laurence's Church, Ludlow, in England is rebuilt.

## Births

[edit]

* April 17 - Marie of Ponthieu, French noblewoman (d. 1250)
* Aisha Al-Manoubya, Almohad female Sufi mystic (d. 1267)
* Al-Mansur al-Hasan, Yemeni imam and politician (d. 1271)
* Bohemond V, prince of Antioch (House of Poitiers) (d. 1252)
* Ferdinand III (the Saint), king of Castile and León (d. 1252)
* Guttorm of Norway (Sigurdsson), king of Norway (d. 1204)
* Ibn al-Abbar, Andalusian biographer and historian (d. 1260)
* Isobel of Huntingdon, daughter of David of Scotland (d. 1252)
* Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu, Khwarezmid ruler (shah) (d. 1231)
* Joan of Constantinople, Flemish noblewoman (d. 1244)
* Sturla Sighvatsson, Icelandic chieftain (or goði) (d. 1238)
* Thomas II, Flemish nobleman (House of Savoy) (d. 1259)

## Deaths

[edit]

* January 23 - Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, Almohad caliph (b. 1160)
* February 9 - Minamoto no Yoritomo, Japanese shogun (b. 1147)
* February 13 - Stefan Nemanja, Serbian Grand Prince (b. 1113)[7]
* March 17 - Jocelin of Glasgow (or Jocelyn), Scottish bishop[8]
* April 5 - Ashikaga Yoshikane, Japanese samurai and monk
* April 6
* Pierre Basile (or Bertran de Gurdun), French knight
* Richard I (the Lionheart), king of England (b. 1157)[9]
* July 10 - Hugh de Roxburgh (or Hugo), Scottish bishop
* August 20 - Matthew, Scottish churchman and bishop
* September 4 - Joan of England, queen of Sicily (b. 1165)[10]
* October 9 - Bobo of San Teodoro, Italian cardinal-deacon
* November 6 - Hatim ibn Ibrahim, Yemeni religious leader
* November 25 - Albert III (the Rich), count of Habsburg
* December 25 - Helena of Hungary, duchess of Austria
* Alexios Komnenos, son of Andronikos I (Komnenos)
* Azalais of Toulouse (or Adelaide), French noblewoman
* Benedicta Ebbesdotter of Hvide, queen of Sweden (or 1200)
* Date Tomomune, Japanese nobleman and samurai (b. 1129)
* Michael the Syrian (the Great), Syriac patriarch (b. 1126)
* Raymond IV (or Raimund), count and regent of Tripoli
* Vladimir II Yaroslavich, Kievan prince (House of Rurik)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 73–75\. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
2. ^ Rees, Simon (2006). "King Richard I of England Versus King Philip II Augustus". Military History (published September 2006).
3. ^ Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 129–131. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
4. ^ King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 63
5. ^ Warren, Lewis (1961). King John. University of California Press. p. 48.
6. ^ Zsoldos, Attila (2022). Az Aranybulla királya [The King of the Golden Bull] (in Hungarian). Városi Levéltár és Kutatóintézet. p. 32\. ISBN 978-963-8406-26-2.
7. ^ A. P. Vlasto (October 2, 1970). The Entry of the Slavs Into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs. CUP Archive. p. 219\. ISBN 978-0-521-07459-9.
8. ^ S. D. Church (2003). King John: New Interpretations. Boydell & Brewer Ltd. p. 18\. ISBN 978-0-85115-947-8.
9. ^ Mrs. Markham; Eliza Robbins (1854). A History of England from the first Invasion by the Romans to the 14th year of the Reign of Queen Victoria. pp. 101–.
10. ^ Edmund Lodge (1907). The Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage & Companionage of the British Empire for 1907. Kelly's Directories. p. 93.

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