14th century in philosophy

This is a timeline of philosophy-related events in the 14th century.

## Events

[edit]

* 1324 \- William of Ockham was ordered to Avignon to defend his interpretation of Peter Lombard's Sentences (1150) before the papal court.[1]
* 1365 \- The University of Vienna was founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria.
* 1370 \- A Vietnamese Confucian mandarin, Lê Quát, unsuccessfully attempted to have Buddhism, the favoured religion of the Trần dynasty, declared heretical.[2]
* 1384 \- Ibn Khaldun became Professor of the Qamhiyyah Madrasah in Egypt.[3]

## Publications

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* 1323 \- The Summa Logicae, William of Ockham.
* 1377 \- The Muqaddimah, Ibn Khaldun.
* 1390 \- Iphak doseol, Kwŏn Kŭn.
* 1397 \- Sambong chip, Chŏng Tojŏn.

## Births

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* 1320 \- Albert of Saxony (d.1390), German philosopher and mathematician.
* 1328 \- Yi Saek (d.1396), Korean writer, poet and philosopher at Sungkyunkwan academy.[4]
* 1332 \- Ibn Khaldun (d.1406), Arab Islamic scholar, philosopher, historian and sociologist.[3]
* 1337 \- Chŏng Mong-ju (d.1392), Korean statesman, diplomat, philosopher, poet, calligrapher and reformist of the Goryeo period.[5]
* 1342 \- Chŏng Tojŏn (d.1398), Korean scholar-official during the late Goryeo to the early Joseon periods.
* 1352 \- Kwŏn Kŭn (d.1409), one of the first Neo-Confucian scholars of the Joseon dynasty.
* 1353 \- Kil Chae (d.1419), Korean scholar-official near the end of the Goryeo dynasty.[6]
* 1380 \- Nguyễn Trãi (d. 1442), Vietnamese Confucian scholar, poet and politician.
* 1396 - Chŏng Inji (d.1478), Korean historian and Neo-Confucian scholar.

## Deaths

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* 1306 \- An Hyang (b.1243), Korean Confucian scholar.
* 1308 \- John Duns Scotus (b.1255/6), Scottish Catholic priest and Franciscan friar, university professor, philosopher and theologian.[7]
* 1316 \- Pietro d'Abano (b.1357[Note 1]), Italian philosopher, astrologer, physician and professor of medicine in Padua.[8]
* 1316 - Ramon Llull, philosopher, theologian and poet from Parma.
* 1317[Note 2] \- Purna Prajna (b.1278[Note 3]), Indian philosopher, theologian and proponent of the Dvaita school of Vedanta.[9]
* 1322 \- Petrus Aureoli (b.1280), scholastic philosopher and theologian.[10]
* 1328 \- Meister Eckhart (b.1260), German Catholic priest, theologian, philosopher and mystic.
* 1333 \- Wú Chéng (b.1249), Neo-Confucian thinker in the late Song dynasty and Yuan dynasty.
* 1342 \- U T'ak, (b.1262), Korean Neo-Confucian scholar and philosopher during the Goryeo dynasty.
* 1345 \- Cheng Duanli (b.1271), Neo-Confucian scholar of the Yuan Dynasty.
* 1347 \- Abner of Burgos (b.1270), Castilian polemical writer and Jewish philosopher who converted to Christianity.[11]
* 1347 - William of Ockham (b.1287), Franciscan friar, scholastic philosopher, apologist, and theologian from Surrey.[12]
* 1358 \- Adam of Wodeham (b.1298), English philosopher and theologian.[13]
* 1370 - Chu Văn An (b.1292), Confucian, teacher, physician, and high-ranking mandarin of the Trần dynasty in Đại Việt.
* 1390 - Albert of Saxony (b.1320), German philosopher and mathematician.
* 1391 \- Mādhavācārya (b.1296), Indian scholar usually identified with Vidyaranya, the jagadguru of the Sringeri Sharada Peetham from 1374-1380 until 1386.[14]
* 1392 - Chŏng Mong-ju (b.1337), Korean statesman, diplomat, philosopher, poet, calligrapher and reformist of the Goryeo period.
* 1396 - Yi Saek (b.1328), Korean, writer, poet and philosopher at Sungkyunkwan academy.[4]
* 1398 - Chŏng Tojŏn (b.1342), Korean scholar-official during the late Goryeo to the early Joseon periods.

## See also

[edit]

* List of centuries in philosophy

## Further reading

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* Frederick Denison Maurice. Moral and Metaphysical Philosophy. New Edition. Macmillan and Co. London. 1872. Volume 2 ("Fourteenth century to the French Revolution with A Glimpse into the Nineteenth Century"). Chapter 1 ("The Fourteenth Century"). Pages 1 to 33.
* William J Courtenay. Changing Approaches to Fourteenth-Century Thought. Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies. 2007. (Etienne Gilson series, volume 29). Google Books.
* Stephen F Brown, Thomas Dewender and Theo Kobusch (eds). Philosophical Debates at Paris in the Early Fourteenth Century. Brill. Leiden and Boston. 2009. Google Books

## Notes

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1. ^ Date of birth also given as 1246 and 1250.
2. ^ Date of death also given as 1278.
3. ^ Date of birth also given as 1199.

## References

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1. ^ Olson, Roger E. (1999). The story of Christian theology: twenty centuries of tradition & reform. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0-8308-1505-0.
2. ^ Ly, Hieu Tung (2021-09-01). "Impacts of Confucianism on Vietnamese culture". International Communication of Chinese Culture. 8 (3): 347–361\. doi:10.1007/s40636-021-00228-y. ISSN 2197-4241.
3. ^ a b Syed Farid Alatas (2014). Applying Ibn Khaldun: the recovery of a lost tradition in sociology. Routledge advances in sociology. London New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 978-1-138-12596-4.
4. ^ a b Herald, Korea (2022-05-06). "[Scholars and their Spaces] Sowing the seeds of Korean Neo-Confucianism, Yi Saek and Munheonsewon". The Korea Herald. Retrieved 2025-05-04.
5. ^ dayhist.com. "Chŏng Mong-ju: The Iconic Korean Scholar and Diplomat". dayhist.com. Retrieved 2025-05-05.
6. ^ Yi, Ki-baek (1984). A new history of Korea (in English and Korean). Cambridge, Mass: Published for the Harvard-Yenching Institute by Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-61575-5.
7. ^ Williams, Thomas (2019), Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), "John Duns Scotus", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2019 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2025-05-04
8. ^ Premuda, Loris. "Abano, Pietro D'." in Dictionary of Scientific Biography. (1970). New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. Vol. 1: p.4-5.
9. ^ "Madhva | Vedanta, Dvaita & Bhagavata | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2025-05-04.
10. ^ "On Auriol – The Peter Auriol Homepage". Retrieved 2025-05-04.
11. ^ Szpiech, Ryan (2006). From Testimonia to Testimony: Thirteenth-Century Anti-Jewish Polemic and the Mostrador de justicia of Abner of Burgos/Alfonso of Valladolid. Dissertation, Yale University. hdl:2027.42/64011.
12. ^ Spade, Paul Vincent; Panaccio, Claude; Pelletier, Jenny (2025), Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), "William of Ockham", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2025 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2025-05-04
13. ^ Slotemaker, John T.; Witt, Jeffrey C. (2025), Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), "Adam de Wodeham", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2025 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2025-05-04
14. ^ "Biography of Sri Vidyaranya". www.sringeri.net. Retrieved 2025-05-04.