1913 in Germany

* 1912
* 1911
* 1910
*   *

|  | 1913

Germany |

* 1914
* 1915
* 1916
*   *

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Decades:|

* 1890s
* 1900s
* 1910s
* 1920s
* 1930s

See also:| Other events of 1913
History of Germany • Timeline • Years

Events in the year 1913 in Germany.

## Incumbents

[edit]

### National level

[edit]

* Kaiser – Wilhelm II[1]
* Chancellor – Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg

### State level

[edit]

#### Kingdoms

[edit]

* King of Bavaria – Otto to 5 November, then Ludwig III
* King of Prussia – Wilhelm II
* King of Saxony – Frederick Augustus III
* King of Württemberg – William II

#### Grand Duchies

[edit]

* Grand Duke of Baden – Frederick II
* Grand Duke of Hesse – Ernest Louis
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Frederick Francis IV
* Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Adolphus Frederick V
* Grand Duke of Oldenburg – Frederick Augustus II
* Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – William Ernest

#### Principalities

[edit]

* Schaumburg-Lippe – Adolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe
* Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg
* Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Günther Victor, Prince of Schwarzburg
* Principality of Lippe – Leopold IV, Prince of Lippe
* Reuss Elder Line – Heinrich XXIV, Prince Reuss of Greiz (with Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line to 29 March, then Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line, as regent)
* Reuss Younger Line – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line to 29 March, then Heinrich XXVII, Prince Reuss Younger Line
* Waldeck and Pyrmont – Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont

#### Duchies

[edit]

* Duke of Anhalt – Frederick II, Duke of Anhalt
* Duke of Brunswick – Duke John Albert of Mecklenburg (regent) to 1 November, then Ernest Augustus, Duke of Brunswick from 2 November
* Duke of Saxe-Altenburg – Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg
* Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha – Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
* Duke of Saxe-Meiningen – Georg II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen

#### Colonial Governors

[edit]

* Cameroon (Kamerun) – Karl Ebermaier (1st term) to 9 October, then ... Full
* Kiaochow (Kiautschou) – Alfred Meyer-Waldeck
* German East Africa (Deutsch-Ostafrika) – Albert Heinrich Schnee
* German New Guinea (Deutsch-Neuguinea) – Albert Hahl (2nd term)
* German Samoa (Deutsch-Samoa) – Erich Schultz-Ewerth
* German South-West Africa (Deutsch-Südwestafrika) – Theodor Seitz
* Togoland – Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg

## Events

[edit]

1913 Lloyd Wagen advertisement, Bremen

* April 10 - Albrecht Grocery Shop, predecessor of the Aldi discount store chain globally, is founded in Essen.[2]
* May 16 – Eberswalde Hoard discovered
* June 20 – Bremen school shooting causes the death of five pupils and the wounding 21 other people.[3]
* September 9 – In Oppau, BASF starts the world's first plant for the production of fertilizer based on the Haber-Bosch process, feeding today about a third of the world's population.
* October 17 – Johannisthal air disaster occurs with an Imperial German Navy's L 2 airship's test flight resulted in the death of all 28 passengers and crew on board
* Date unknown - Bergius process is invented by German chemist Friedrich Bergius.
* Date unknown - Chemical element Protactinium is first identified by Oswald Helmuth Göhring and Kasimir Fajans.
* Date unknown - Die Naturwissenschaften first published by Die Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.

## Births

[edit]

* 23 January \- Herbert Runge, German boxer (died 1986)
* 29 January \- Peter von Zahn, German journalist, writer (died 2001)
* 25 February — Gert Fröbe, German actor (died 1988)
* 26 February – Hermann Lenz, German poet and author (died 1998)
* 2 March \- Falk Harnack, German director and screenwriter (died 1991)
* 18 March \- Reinhard Hardegen, German U-boat commander (died 2018)
* 21 March \- Werner Höfer, German journalist (died 1997)
* 9 April \- Heinrich Wöhlk German optometrist. (died 1991)
* 10 April \- Stefan Heym, German writer (died 2001)
* 19 April \- Karl Rawer, German physicist, specialist in radio wave propagation and the ionosphere (died 2018)
* 21 April \- Kai-Uwe von Hassel, German politician (died 1997)
* 24 April \- Paul Esser, German actor (died 1988)
* 27 April – Luz Long, German long jump athlete (died 1943)
* 13 May \- Lotte Rausch, German actress (died 1995)
* 26 May \- Josef Manger, German heavy weightlifter (died 1991)
* 31 May – Peter Frankenfeld, German comedian (died 1979)
* 2 June \- Walter Andreas Schwarz, German singer, song-writer (died 1992)
* 10 June – Benjamin Shapira, German-born Israeli biochemist (died 1993)
* 26 June – Rudolf Brazda, German concentration camp prisoner (died 2011)
* 1 August \- Heinz Ellenberg, German biologist (died 1997)
* 1 August \- Hajo Herrmann, German Luftwaffe pilot (died 2010)
* 4 August – Johann Niemann, SS officer (died 1943)
* 10 August – Wolfgang Paul, German physicist (died 1993)
* 26 August \- Julius Döpfner, German cardinal of Roman Catholic Church (died 1976)
* 15 September \- Johannes Steinhoff, German general (died 1994)
* 15 September \- Hans Filbinger, German politician (died 2007)
* 26 September \- Berthold Beitz, German industrialist (died 2013)
* 26 September \- Ernst Schnabel, German writer (died 1986)
* 24 October \- Jürgen Oesten, German seaman, U-boat commander during World War II. (died 2010)
* 8 November – Ludwig Elsbett, German engineer (died 2003)
* 13 November \- Walter Horten, German aircraft pilot (died 1998)
* 21 November \- Volker von Collande, German actor and film director (died 1990)
* 24 November \- Gisela Mauermayer, German athlete (died 1995)
* 9 December \- Friedrich Dickel, German politician (died 1993)
* 9 December \- Fritz Grasshoff, German writer (died 1997)
* 18 December – Willy Brandt, German politician, former Chancellor of Germany (died 1992)
* 19 December \- Ernst Stuhlinger, German rocket scientist (died 2008)
* 25 December – Henri Nannen, German journalist (died 1996)
* 28 December \- Egbert Hayessen, German mayor (died 1944)
* 30 December \- Tilo von Berlepsch, German actor (died 1991)

## Deaths

[edit]

* 4 January \- Alfred von Schlieffen, German fieldmarshall (born 1833)
* 6 January \- Carl Arp, landscape painter (born 1867)
* 8 January \- Friedrich Schrempf, German editor and politician (born 1858)
* 11 January \- Karl Binz, German pharmacologist (born 1832)[4]
* 21 January \- Friedrich von Hollmann, German admiral (born 1842)
* 6 March – Paul Friedrich August Ascherson, botanist (born 1834)
* 29 March – Heinrich XIV, Prince Reuss Younger Line, nobleman (born 1832)
* 14 April \- Carl Hagenbeck, German merchant (born 1844)[5]
* 19 April – Hugo Winckler, archaeologist (born 1863)
* 29 April \- Andreas Flocken, German engineer and inventor (born 1845)
* 29 May – Eduard Pechuël-Loesche, naturalist, geographer, ethnologist, painter, traveler, author and plant collector (born 1840)
* 9 August – Wilhelm Albermann, German sculptor (born 1835)
* 13 August
* Bernhard Bardenheuer, surgeon (born 1839)
* August Bebel, politician (born 1840)
* 21 August – Carl Ludwig von Bar, jurist (born 1836)
* 29 August – Herman Aron, electrical engineer (born 1845)
* 31 August – Erwin Bälz, physician and anthropologist (born 1849)
* 29 September – Rudolf Diesel, engineer and inventor (born 1858)
* 5 October \- Hans von Bartels, painter (born 1856)
* 10 October \- Adolphus Busch, German businessman (born 1839)
* 7 December \- Heinrich Ernst Göring, German jurist and diplomat (born 1839)
* 8 December \- Johann von Berenberg-Gossler, banker (born 1839)
* 22 December – Theodor Kaes, neurologist (born 1852)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Historic Figures: Wilhelm II (1859 - 1941)". BBC - History. Retrieved 18 June 2018.
2. ^ Weymouth, Lauren. "Secrets of the German supermarkets conquering America (24 slides)". MSN: Money. Archived from the original on 2017-09-07. Retrieved 2017-09-07.
3. ^ Schildkraut, Jaclyn; Elsass, H. Jaymi (2016). Mass Shootings: Media, Myths, and Realities: Media, Myths, and Realities. ABC-CLIO. p. 103\. ISBN 9781440836534.
4. ^ Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Binz, Karl". Encyclopedia Americana. Vol. 3\. p. 717.
5. ^ "Carl Hagenbeck. Famous Animal Dealer and Exhibitor Dies in Hamburg". The New York Times. April 14, 1913. Retrieved 2008-07-22.

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21st century|

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1913 in Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
*   *   *   * Austria-Hungary
*   * Baden
*   *   *   * Belgium
*   *   * Bulgaria
*   *   *   *   *   *   * Denmark
*   *   *   *   *   * France
*   * Germany
*   * Greece
*   *   *   *   *   * Italy
*   *   *   * Liechtenstein
*   * Luxembourg
*   *   *   *   *   * Monaco
*   * Montenegro
*   *   * Netherlands
*   * Norway
* Ottoman Empire
*   *   * Portugal
* Prussia
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
*   * Serbia
*   *   *   *   * Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
*   *   * United Kingdom
*   *   *   *   *   *

Dependencies, colonies
and other territories

*   * Cyprus
*   * Gibraltar
* Guernsey
* Isle of Man
* Jersey
* Malta

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