1929 in paleontology

Overview of the events of 1929 in paleontology

List of years in paleontology

(table)

* … 1919
* 1920
* 1921
* 1922
* 1923
* 1924
* 1925

* 1926
* 1927
* 1928
* 1929
* 1930
* 1931
* 1932

* 1933
* 1934
* 1935
* 1936
* 1937
* 1938
* 1939 …

In science
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932

* Art
* Archaeology
* Architecture
*   * Literature
* Music
* Philosophy
* Science+...

* v
* t
* e

Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1929.

## Plants

[edit]

### Ferns and fern allies

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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|

Asplenium occidentale[2]

Sp nov

Jr synonym

Berry

Miocene
Langhian

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

A spleenwort species.
A jr homonym of Asplenium occidentale Knowlton (1917)
Moved to Osmunda occidentale (1940)

|  Osmunda occidentale

Woodsia bonseri[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene
Langhian

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

A woodsia fern species.

|  Woodsia bonseri

Woodwardia praeradicans[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene
Langhian

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

A chain fern species.

|  Woodwardia praeradicans

### Conifers

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
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Pinus latahensis[2]

Sp nov

Valid

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

A 5-needle pine species

|  Pinus latahensis

Pinus macrophylla[2]

Sp nov

Homonym

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

A 3-needle pine species.
Jr homonym of Pinus macrophylla Lindley, 1839

|  Pinus macrophylla

Pinus monticolensis[2]

Sp nov

Valid

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

A pine seed morphospecies

|  Pinus monticolensis

Pinus tetrafolia[2]

Sp nov

nomen dubium

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

A punitive 4-needle pine species
Noted by Berry as
"highly improbable that this should represent a distinct botanic species"

|  Pinus tetrafolia

Tsuga latahensis[2]

Sp nov

Valid?

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

First described as a hemlock conescale.[3]
Suggested to be a bud scale in 1937.[4]
Treated as an incertae sedis plant by Chaney & Axelrod (1959).[5]

|  Tsuga latahensis

### Angiosperms

[edit]

#### Monocots

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Potamogeton heterophylloides[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A pondweed species
Moved to Keteleeria heterophylloides (1935)[6]

|  Keteleeria heterophylloides

#### Magnoliids

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Liriodendron hesperia[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Liriodendron species

|  Liriodendron hesperia

Sassafras hesperia[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Sassafras species

|  Sassafras hesperia

Umbellularia dayana[2]

Comb nov

|  |

(Knowlton) Berry

Miocene

Mascall Formation

USA
Oregon

|  |

An Umbellularia species
Moved from Salix dayana (1902)
Synonymized into Umbellularia saliciformis (1952)[7]

|  Umbellularia saliciformis

Umbellularia lanceolata[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

An Umbellularia species
later moved to Persea lanceolata (1946)[8]

|  Persea lanceolata

### Superasterids - basal

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Arctostaphylos knowltoni[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a bearberry species
Species synonymized into Vaccinium sophoroides (1937)[4]

|  Vaccinium sophoroides

Arctostaphylos spatulata[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A bearberry species

|  Arctostaphylos spatulata

Cornus acuminata[2]

Sp nov

Homonym

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Schoepfia species
jr homonym of ''Cornus acuminata'' (Weber)
Renamed Cornus republicensis in 1944
Moved to Schoepfia republicensis in 1987[9]

|  Schoepfia republicensis

Gordonia pteraformis[10]

Comb nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

Suggested as a possible Gordonia species
Moved from Carpolithes pteraformis 1929
Moved to Cedrela pteraformis (1935)[7]

|  Cedrela pteraformis

Nyssa knowltoni[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Nyssa species
Species synonymized into Ptelea miocenica (1931)[7]

|  Ptelea miocenica

Nyssa magnifica[2]

Comb nov

valid

(Knowlton) Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Nyssa species
Moved from Carpites magnifica (1926)[11]

|  Nyssa magnifica

Ternstroemites idahoensis[2]

Comb nov

|  |

(Knowlton) Berry

Miocene

Payette Formation

USA
Idaho

|  |

A theaceous species
Moved from Myrica? idahoensis (1919)
Moved to Gordonia idahoensis 1929

Vaccinium americanum[2]

Comb et Syn nov

valid?

(Lesquereux) Berry

Miocene

Mascall Formation

USA
Oregon

* Salix pseudoargentea (1902)
* Vaccinium salicoides (1926)[11]

A Vaccinium species
Moved from Santalum americanum (1883)
Two species synonymized
Vaccinium salicoides resurrected as incertae sedis (1959)[5]

|  Vaccinium salicoides

Vaccinium bonseri[2]

Sp et "var" nov

valid

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Vaccinium species
One variety named V. bonseri serrulatum

|  Vaccinium bonseri

Vaccinium spokanense[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Vaccinium species

|  Salix spokanensis

### Superasterids - euasterids

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Apocynophyllum latahense[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A apocynaceous species
Moved to Magnolia latahensis[4]

|  Magnolia latahensis

Porana microcalyx[2]

Comb nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

Redescribed as a Porana species
Moved from Diospyros? microcalyx (1926)[11]
Moved to Remberella microcalyx (2024)[12]

|  Remberella microcalyx

Umbelliferospermum[2]

Gen et Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

An apiaceous fruit genus
The type species is U. latahense

|  Umbelliferospermum latahense

Viburnum fernquisti[2]

Sp nov

valid

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Viburnum seed morphospecies

|  Viburnum fernquisti

Viburnum lantanafolium[2]

Sp nov

valid

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Viburnum leaf morphospecies

|  Viburnum lantanafolium

### Superrosids - Basal

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Menziesia knowltoni[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Menziesia species

|  Rhododendron knowltoni

Ribes fernquisti[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a gooseberry species
Renamed and moved to Viburnum ribesiforme (1944)[7]

|  Viburnum ribesiforme

### Superrosids - Fabids

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Alnus elliptica[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Eocene
Ypresian

Klondike Mountain Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

An alder species
Synonymized into Alnus parvifolia (1987)[9]

|  Alnus parvifolia

Alnus prerhombifolia[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

An alder species
Synonymized into Alnus carpinoides (1937)[4]
Synonymized into Alnus hollandiana (1959)[5]

|  Alnus hollandiana

Amygdalus alexanderi[13]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as an Amygdalus species
Synonymized into Fagus washoensis (1937)[4]

Cassia sophoroides[2]

Comb nov

jr synonym

(Knowlton) Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

Recombined as a Cassia species
Moved from Phyllites sophoroides (1926)
Moved to Vaccinium sophoroides (1937)[4]

|  Vaccinium sophoroides

Cassia spokanensis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a Cassia species
Synonymized into Cedrela pteraformis (1935)

|  Cedrela pteraformis

Celastrus spokanensis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a staff vine species
Synonymized into Gordonia idahoensis (1959)[5]

|  Gordonia idahoensis

Cercocarpus praeledifolius[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A mountain mahogany species

|  Cercocarpus praeledifolius

Comptonia hesperia[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A sweet fern species

|  Comptonia hesperia

Cucurbita glandulosa[7]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Brown

Eocene
Ypresian

Green River Formation

United States
( Colorado)

|  |

First identified as a gourd seed morphotype
Moved to Punctaphyllum glandulosum in 2023[14]

Euonymus knowltoni[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Euonymus species

|  Hydrangea knowltoni

Hibiscus? occidentalis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a possible Hibiscus seed species
Moved to Mentzelia occidentalis (1935)

|  Mentzelia occidentalis

Leguminosites alexanderi[2]

Sp nov

|  |

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A fabaceous fruit species of uncertain affinity

|  Leguminosites alexanderi

Leguminosites bonseri[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a fabaceous species of uncertain affinity
Synonymized into Umbellularia dayana (1937)
Synonymized into Umbellularia saliciformis (1952)[7]

|  Umbellularia saliciformis

Meibomites knowltoni[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a fabaceous species
Synonymized into Exbucklandia oregonensis (1946)[8]

|  Exbucklandia oregonensis

Menispermites latahensis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a menispermaceous species
Synonymized into Vitis washingtonensis (1937)[4]

|  Vitis washingtonensis

Quercus treleasii[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as an oak species
Synonymized into Sophora spokanensis (1937)[4]

|  Sophora spokanensis

Rhamnus spokanensis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a buckthorn species
Moved to Salix spokanensis (1937)[4]

|  Salix spokanensis

### Superrosids - Malvids

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Aesculus hesperia[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a horse chestnut species
Synonymized into Viburnum lantanafolium (1937)[4]

|  Viburnum lantanafolium

Sapindus armstrongi[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a soap berry species
Synonymized into Cedrela pteraformis (1937)[4]

|  Cedrela pteraformis

Sapindus spokanensis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a soap berry species
Synonymized into Cedrela pteraformis (1935)

Tilia hesperia[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

A Tilia species
Synonymized into Tilia aspera (1935)

|  Tilia aspera

### incertae sedis

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Synonymized taxa  | Notes  | Images

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Carpolithus pteraformis[2]

Sp nov

jr synonym

Berry

Miocene

Latah Formation

USA
Washington

|  |

First named as a seed of uncertain affinity
Moved to Gordonia pteraformis later in 1929[10]
Moved to Cedrela pteraformis (1935)

|  Cedrela pteraformis

## Arthropods

[edit]

### Crustaceans

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Cycloprosopon[citation needed]

|  |  |

Lorenthey & Beurlen

|  |  |  |  |

### Insects

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Permotipula[15]

|  |

Valid

Tillyard

Permian
Changhsingian \- Wuchiapingian

Newcastle Coal Measures

Australia
New South Wales

A protodipteran scorpionfly

## Dinosaurs

[edit]

* Barosaurus gastroliths documented.[16]

### New taxa

[edit]

Taxon  | Novelty  | Status  | Author(s)  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Anodontosaurus inceptus[17] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Valid  | Sternberg | Maastrichtian | Horseshoe Canyon Formation |  Alberta | An ankylosaurid |
Antarctosaurus wichmannianus[18] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Valid  | Huene | Campanian | Anacleto Formation |  Argentina | A titanosaur |
Antarctosaurus giganteus[18] | Sp. nov.  | Valid  | Huene | Campanian | Anacleto Formation |  Argentina | A species of Antarctosaurus |
Campylodon ameghinoi[18] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Preoccupied  | Huene | Cenomanian | Bajo Barreal Formation |  Argentina | A titanosaur preoccupied by Campylodon Dumeril, 1852 and moved to Campylodoniscus in 1961 |
Helopus zdanskyi[19] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Preoccupied  | Wiman | Barremian-Aptian | Mengyin Formation |  China | A sauropod preoccupied by Helopus Wagler and moved to Euhelopus in 1956 |
Laplatasaurus araukanicus[18] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Valid  | von Huene | Campanian | Allen Formation |  Argentina | A titanosaur |
Loricosaurus scutatus[18] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Nomen dubium | von Huene | Campanian | Allen Formation |  Argentina | A titanosaur |
Paranthodon owenii[20] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Jr. synonym | Nopcsa | Berriasian | Kirkwood Formation |  South Africa | A stegosaur now named Paranthodon africanus |
Rhodanosaurus ludgunensis[20] | Gen et sp nov  | Nomen dubium | Nopcsa | Campanian | Gres a Reptiles |  France | A nodosaurid.  |
Tanius sinensis[19] | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Valid  | Wiman | Campanian | Jingangkou Formation |  China | A hadrosauroid |

## Synapsids

[edit]

### Non-mammalian

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Eoarctops

Gen et sp nov

jr synonym

Haughton

Permian
Capitanian

|  |

South Africa

A gorgonopsid therapsid.
The type species is E. vanderbyli
A jr synonym of Eriphostoma microdon

|  Eriphostoma microdon

Hipposaurus

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Haughton

Permian
Capitanian

Beaufort Group
Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone

South Africa

A biarmosuchian therapsid.
The type species is H. boonstrai

|  Hipposaurus boonstrai

Scullya

Sp nov

nomen dubium

Broom

|  |  |  |

A titanosuchid dinocephalian

Styracocephalus

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Haughton

Permian
Capitanian

|  |

South Africa

A tapinocephalian therapsid

|  Styracocephalus

## Other animals

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Rangea | Gen. et sp. nov.  | Valid  | Gürich | Ediacaran |  |  Namibia | The type species is R. schneiderhoehni |

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw Berry, E.W. (1929). "A revision of the flora of the Latah Formation". USGS Professional Paper Series (PDF). Vol. PP 154-H. pp. 225–265\. doi:10.3133/pp154H.
3. ^ Berry, E.W. (1932). "A Miocene flora from Grand Coulee, Washington". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1931 (Report). Professional Paper. United States Geological Survey. pp. 31–42\. doi:10.3133/pp170C. 170-C.
4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Brown, R. W. (1937). Additions to some fossil floras of the Western United States (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 186\. United States Geological Survey. pp. 163–206\. doi:10.3133/pp186J.
5. ^ a b c d Chaney, R.; Axelrod, D. (1959). Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau: Part II. Systematic Considerations, by Ralph W. Chaney and Daniel I. Axelrod. Carnegie Institution of Washington. pp. 1–226.Miocene Floras of the Columbia Plateau at the HathiTrust Digital Library
6. ^ Brown, R. (1935). "Miocene leaves, fruits, and seeds from Idaho, Oregon, and Washington". Journal of Paleontology. 9: 572–587.
7. ^ a b c d e f LaMotte, R.S. (1952). Catalogue of the Cenozoic plants of North America through 1950. Geological Society of America Memoirs. Vol. 51\. Geological Society of America. doi:10.1130/MEM51.
8. ^ a b Brown, R.W. (1946). "Alterations in some fossil and living floras". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 36 (10): 344–355.
9. ^ a b Wolfe, J.A.; Wehr, W.C. (1987). Middle Eocene dicotyledonous plants from Republic, northeastern Washington (Report). Bulletin. Vol. 1597\. United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–25\. doi:10.3133/b1597.
10. ^ a b Berry, E.W. (1929). "Gordonia from the Miocene of Idaho and Washington". American Journal of Science. 18 (107): 430. Bibcode:1929AmJS...18..429B. doi:10.2475/ajs.s5-18.107.429.
11. ^ a b c Knowlton, F.H. (1926). "Flora of the Latah Formation of Spokane, Washington, and Coeur d'Alene, Idaho". Shorter contributions to general geology, 1925 (PDF) (Report). Professional Paper. Vol. 140\. United States Geological Survey. pp. 17–55, plates VIII-XXXI. doi:10.3133/pp140A.
12. ^ Manchester, S.R.; Judd, W.S. (2024). "Remberella, a new genus of extinct ericalean flower from the Middle Miocene Latah flora of Washington and Idaho, USA". Acta Palaeobotanica. 64 (2): 413–421\. doi:10.35535/acpa-2024-0016.
13. ^ Berry, E.W. (1929). "The genus Amygdalus in North America". Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. 19 (2): 41–43\. JSTOR 24523498.
14. ^ Correa Narvaez, J. E.; Allen, S. E.; Huegele, I. B.; Manchester, S. R. (2023). "Fossil leaves and fruits of Tetramelaceae (Curcurbitales) [sic] from the Eocene of the Rocky Mountain region, USA, and their biogeographic significance". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 184 (3): 177–200\. doi:10.1086/724018.
15. ^ Willmann, R. (1989). "Rediscovered: Permotipula patricia, the oldest known fly". Naturwissenschaften. 76 (8): 375–377\. Bibcode:1989NW.....76..375W. doi:10.1007/BF00366210.
16. ^ Janensch, W. (1929). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.
17. ^ Sternberg, C.H. 1929. A toothless armored dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Alberta. Bull. Natl. Mus. Can. 54: pp. 28-33.
18. ^ a b c d e von Huene, F. (1929). "Los saurisquios y ornitisquios del Cretáceo Argentino". Anales del Museo de la Plata (in Spanish). 3 (3): 1–196.
19. ^ a b Wiman, C. 1929. Die Kreide-dinosaurier aus Shantung. Pal. Sin. C 1: pp. 1-67.
20. ^ a b Nopcsa, F. 1929. Dinosaurierreste aus Siebenburgen. V. Geol. Hungarica Set. Paleontol. 4: pp. 1-76.

* Janensch, W. (1929). Magensteine bei Sauropoden der Tendaguru-Schichten. Palaeontographica (Suppl. 7) 2:135-144.
* Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.

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