1933 Brazilian Constitutional Assembly election

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Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Brazil on 3 May 1933 to elect the 214 directly elected deputies of an Assembly that would draw up a new constitution. A further 40 members were indirectly elected: 18 by trade unions, 17 by employer organisations, three by members of liberal professions and two by civil servants.[1] The elections have been described as the first democratic and honest elections in the country's history.[2][3]

They were also the first national elections with women's suffrage, although it was still limited to married women, unmarried women with their own income and widows.[4] Carlota Pereira de Queirós became the first woman elected to national office.[4]

## Electoral system

[edit]

The elections were held using open list proportional representation.[5] Voters could cast preferential votes for candidates from multiple parties.[5]

Despite the voting age being reduced from 21 to 18 and women's suffrage being introduced, the number of registered voters fell from 1,893,000 in 1930 to 1,466,700.[6][7]

## Results

[edit]

A total of 1,037 candidates contested the elections.[8]

Party| Votes| %| Seats

|
|
|

| Progressive Party| | 31
| Baía Social Democratic Party| | 20
| Single List for a United São Paulo| | 17
| Social Democratic Party of Pernambuco| | 15
| Liberal Republican Party| | 13
| Radical People's Party| | 10
| Pará Liberal Party| | 7
| Catholic Electoral League| | 6
| Autonomist Party [pt]| | 6
| National Party| | 6
| Mineiro Republican Party| | 6
| Paraíba Progressive Party| | 5
| Maranhão Republican Party| | 4
| Social Democratic Party| | 4
| Republican Social Party [pt]| | 4
| Fluminense Progressive Union| | 4
| United Front| | 3
| Freedom and Civics| | 3
| Agriculture Party| | 3
| Catarinense Liberal Party [pt]| | 3
| Mato Grossense Liberal Party| | 3
| Socialist National Party| | 3
| Rio Grande do Norte People's Party| | 3
| Social Democratic Party| | 3
| Espírito Santo Social Democratic Party| | 3
| Brazilian Socialist Party| | 3
| Amazonense Civic Union| | 3
| Maranhense Republican Union| | 3
| Baía is still Baía| | 2
| Chapa Popular| | 2
| Economist Party of Brazil| | 2
| Fluminense Socialist Party| | 2
| Liberal Workers' Party| | 1
| Legenda Constitucionalista| | 1
| Legenda Hugo Napoleão| | 1
| Legenda por Santa Catarina| | 1
| Constitutionalist Party| | 1
| Democratic Party| | 1
| Paranaense Liberal Party| | 1
| Republican Social Party [pt]| | 1
| Nationalist Social Party [pt]| | 1
| Sergipe Republican Union| | 1
| Independents| | 2
Indirectly elected members| | 40
Total| | 254
Valid votes| 1,157,761| 94.69|
Invalid/blank votes| 64,863| 5.31|
Total votes| 1,222,624| 100.00|
Registered voters/turnout| 1,466,700| 83.36|
Source: TSE, TSE

## Aftermath

[edit]

The Assembly began work in November 1933 and the new constitution drafted by the Assembly was promulgated in July 1934. It provided for a federal state with a bicameral parliament, but abolished the position of vice president.[9] The Assembly was then converted into a Chamber of Deputies and elected Getúlio Vargas as president.[9]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Teresa Cristina de Novaes Marques (2021). Women's Vote in Brazil. p. 94.
2. ^ Michael L. Conniff & Frank D. McCann (1991). Modern Brazil: Elites and Masses in Historical Perspective. p. 33.
3. ^ Riordan Roett (2016). Brazil: What Everyone Needs to Know. pp. 31–32.31-32&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Riordan+Roett&rft_id=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJFHDAAAQBAJ&pg;=PA31&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:1933+Brazilian+Constitutional+Assembly+election" class="Z3988">
4. ^ a b "Direito de voto feminino completa 76 anos no Brasil; saiba mais sobre essa conquista". Poder. 24 February 2008.
5. ^ a b Jairo Nicolau (2007). "The open-list electoral system in Brazil" (PDF). Dados. 3.
6. ^ Dieter Nohlen (2005). Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II. p. 173\. ISBN 978-0-19-928358-3.
7. ^ "Boletim Eleitoral" (PDF). 13 June 1934.
8. ^ "Eleições 1933". TSE.
9. ^ a b Brazil, a Country Study. 1983. p. 41.

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