1970 Pakistani general election

* * *

| ← 1965 | 7 December 1970 | 1977 →

|
|

* * *

300 of the 313 seats in the National Assembly
151 seats needed for a majority
Registered| 56,941,500
Turnout| 57.96%
|   | First party  | Second party

|
|

|  |
Leader  | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Party  | AL | PPP
Seats won  | 167 | 86
Popular vote  | 12,937,162 | 6,148,923
Percentage  | 39.20% | 18.63%

* * *

Results by constituency

* * *

| Head of government before election

Yahya Khan
Martial law

| Prime Minister

Nurul Amin
PDP

|

Part of a series on the

Independence of Bangladesh
Events

* Partition of Bengal
* Bengali language movement
* Six point movement
* Agartala Conspiracy Case
* Eleven Points Programme
* East Pakistan mass uprising
* Pakistani general election
* Non-cooperation movement
* 7 March Speech
* Operation Searchlight
* Proclamation of Independence

Organisations

* East Pakistan Renaissance Society
* Awami League
* United Front
* East Pakistan Communist Party
* Sarbadaliya Chhatra Sangram Parishad
* Swadhin Bangla Biplobi Parishad
* Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra

Key persons

* Abul Kalam Shamsuddin
* Habibullah Bahar Chowdhury
* Mujibur Rahman Khan
* Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
* Serajul Alam Khan
* Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
* Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani
* Ataur Rahman Khan

Related

* Lahore Resolution
* United Bengal
* Bangladesh Liberation War
* International recognition

Bangladesh portal

* v
* t
* e

Part of a series on the

History of Bangladesh

* Etymology
* Timeline
* Traditional
* Urheimat

Ancient

|  Neolithic|  7600 - 3300 BCE

|

Bronze Age|  3300 – 1200 BCE
Pundra kingdom|  c.1280 – c. 300 BCE
Iron Age|  1200 – 200 BCE
Vanga kingdom|  c.1100 – c. 340 BCE
House of Vijaya|  543 BCE - 66 CE
Northern Culture|  700 – 200 BCE
Gangaridai|  c. 350 – c. 300 BCE
Nanda Dynasty|  c. 345 BCE– c. 322 BCE
Mauryan Empire|  325 – 185 BCE
Samatata kingdom|  c. 232 BCE – 800 AD
Shunga and Kushan|  c. 185 BCE – c. 75 CE
Southwestern Silk Road|  c. 114 BCE – c. 1450 CE
Indo-Roman trade relations|  c. 30 BCE – c. 600 CE
Gupta Empire|  240 – 550 CE
Kamarupa kingdom|  350 – 1140 CE

Medieval

|  Jaintia Kingdom|  500 – 1835 CE

|

Gauda Kingdom|  590 – 626 CE
Laur kingdom|  600 - 1565 CE
Harikela kingdom|  600 - 650 CE
Gour Kingdom|  600 – 1303 CE
Khadga dynasty|  650 – 750 CE
Bhadra dynasty|  c. 700s CE
Pala Empire|  750 – 1100 CE
Chandra dynasty|  900 – 1050 CE
Sena dynasty|  1070 – 1320 CE
Deva dynasty|  1100 – 1250 CE
Ghurid Conquest|  1202 CE
Khaljis of Bengal|  1204 - 1231 CE
Taraf Kingdom|  c. 1200s – c. 1600s CE
Bhulua Kingdom|  1203 – 1600s CE
Delhi Sultanate|  1204 – 1338 CE
Mamluk Dynasty|  1206 – 1290 CE
Khalji Dynasty|  1290 – 1320 CE
Tugluq Dynasty|  1320 – 1338,1342 CE
City State Sultanates|
Sonargaon|  1338 – 1352 CE
Lakhnauti/Gauda|  1342 – 1352 CE
Satagon/Saptagram|  1342 – 1352 CE
Twipra Kingdom|  c. 1400 – 1949 CE
Bengal Sultanate|  1352 – 1576 CE
Ilyas Shahi dynasty|  1342 – 1487 CE
House of Ganesha|  1414 – 1436 CE
Habshi dynasty|  1487 – 1494 CE
Hussein Shahi|  1494 – 1538 CE
Suri Interruption|  1539 – 1554 CE
Muhammad Shahi|  1554 – 1564 CE
Karrani dynasty|  1564 – 1576 CE
Pratapgarh Kingdom|  1489 – 1700s CE

Early Modern

|  Koch Kingdom|  1515 – 1956 CE

|

Suri Dynasty|  1540 – 1556 CE
Twelve Bhuyans|  1550 – 1620 CE
Porto Grande de Bengala|  1528 – 1666 CE
Kingdom of Mrauk U|  1530 – 1666 CE
Mughal Empire|  1576 – 1717 CE
Bengal Subah|  1576 – 1717 CE
Rajshahi Raj|  c. 1700s - 1950 CE
Zamindars|  1700s - 1900s CE
Pratapaditya Kingdom|  1602 – 1611 CE
Sitaram Ray Kingdom|  1688 – 1714 CE
Nawabs of Bengal|  1717 – 1757 CE
Maratha Invasions|  1742 - 1751 CE
Afghan insurrections|  1745 - 1750 CE
Siege of Calcutta|  1756 CE
Shamsher Gazi's Kingdom|  1748 – 1760 CE
Company Raj|  1757 – 1858 CE
Bengal famine of 1770|  1770 CE
Bengal Renaissance|  1772 - 1913 CE
Faraizi movement|  1818 – 1884 CE
The Great Rebellion|  1857 – 1858 CE
Tariqah-i-Muhammadiya|  1830 – 1831 CE
Titumir's rebellion|  1830s CE
British Raj|  1858 – 1947 CE
Partition of Bengal|  1905 CE
Bengal and Assam|  1905 - 1912 CE
Bengal Famine|  1943 CE
Bengali Prime Minister|  1937 - 1947 CE
Noakhali riots|  1946 CE

Modern

|  East Bengal|  1947 – 1955 CE

|

Partition of Bengal (1947)|  1947 CE
East Bengali refugees|  1947 CE
Bengali language movement|  1948 – 1956 CE
East Pakistan|  1955 – 1971 CE
1964 East Pakistan riots|  1964 CE
Indo-Pakistani war of 1965|  1965 CE
Six Point movement|  1966 CE
East Pakistan Uprising|  1969 CE
Pakistani general election|  1970 CE
Non-cooperation |  1971 CE
Bangladesh Liberation War|  1971 CE
Independence Declaration|  1971 CE
Provisional Government|  1971 – 1972 CE
Bangladesh genocide|  1971 CE
Surrender of Pakistan|  1971 CE

Contemporary

|  Bangladesh famine|  1974 CE

|

Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League|  1975 CE
Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|  1975 CE
Jail Killing Day|  1975 CE
Military rule|  1975 – 1990 CE
Military coups in Bangladesh|  1975 - 2011 CE
Chittagong Hill Tracts conflict|  1977 - 1997 CE
Mass Uprising|  1990 CE
Transition to democracy|  1991 – 2008 CE
Caretaker government of Bangladesh|  1996 CE
Chittagong Hill Tracts Peace Accord|  1997 CE
Bangladeshi political crisis|  2006–2008 CE
Hasina era|  2009–2024 CE
Vision 2021 and Digital Bangladesh|  2008 CE
Bangladesh Rifles revolt|  2009 CE
Shapla Square protests|  2013 CE
Bangladesh quota reform movement|  2013 CE
International Crimes Tribunal|  2009 CE
2015 Bangladeshi political crisis|  2015 CE
2018 Bangladesh road-safety protests|  2018 CE
2018 Bangladesh quota reform movement|  2018 CE
2021 Bangladesh Communal Violence|  2021 CE
Smart Bangladesh|
Bangladesh protests (2022–2024)|  2022- 2024 CE
July Revolution|  2024 CE
Aftermath of July Revolution|  2024–present CE
Yunus ministry|

Related articles

* Timeline of Bangladeshi history
* Bangladeshi art
* Bengali literature

Bangladesh portal

* v
* t
* e

General elections were held in Pakistan on 7 December 1970 to elect members of the National Assembly. They were the first direct general elections since the independence of Pakistan and ultimately the only ones held prior to the independence of Bangladesh. Voting took place in 300 general constituencies, of which 162 were in East Pakistan and 138 in West Pakistan. A further thirteen seats were reserved for women (seven of which were in East Pakistan and six of which were in West Pakistan), who were to be elected by members of the National Assembly.[1]

The elections were a fierce contest between two social democratic parties, the west-based Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and the east-based All-Pakistan Awami League. The Awami League was the sole major party in the east wing, while in the west wing, the PPP faced severe competition from the conservative factions of Muslim League, the largest of which was Muslim League (Qayyum), as well as Islamist parties like Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) and Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (JUP).

The result was a victory for the Awami League, which gained an absolute majority, winning 160 of the 162 general seats and all seven women's seats in East Pakistan. The PPP won only 81 general seats and five women's seats, all in West Pakistan. In the provincial elections held ten days later, the Awami League again dominated in East Pakistan, while the PPP were the winning party in Punjab and Sindh. The Marxist National Awami Party emerged victorious in Northwest Frontier Province and Balochistan.

The National Assembly was initially not inaugurated as President Yahya Khan and the PPP chairman Zulfikar Ali Bhutto did not want a party from East Pakistan in federal government.[2] Instead, Yahya appointed the veteran Bengali politician Nurul Amin as Prime Minister, asking him to reach a compromise between the PPP and Awami League. However, this move failed as the delay in inauguration had already caused significant unrest in East Pakistan. The situation deteriorated further when Operation Searchlight occurred under the orders of Yahya resulting in a civil war that led to the formation of the independent state of Bangladesh.[3] The Assembly was eventually inaugurated in 1972 after Yahya resigned and handed power to Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. Bhutto became Prime Minister in 1973 after the post was recreated by a new constitution.

## Background

[edit]

On 23 March 1956 Pakistan changed from being a Dominion of the British Commonwealth and became an Islamic republic after framing its own constitution. Although the first general elections were scheduled for early 1959, severe political instability led President Iskander Mirza to abrogate the constitution on 7 October 1958. Mirza imposed martial law and handed power to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Muhammad Ayub Khan. After assuming presidency, President Ayub Khan promoted himself to the rank of Field marshal and appointed General Muhammad Musa Khan as the new Commander-in-Chief.

On 17 February 1960 President Ayub Khan appointed a commission under Muhammad Shahabuddin, the Chief Justice of Pakistan, to report a political framework for the country. The commission submitted its report on 29 April 1961 and, on the basis of this report, a new constitution was framed on 1 March 1962. The new constitution declared the country the Republic of Pakistan and brought about a presidential system of government, replacing the parliamentary system of the 1956 constitution. The electoral system was made indirect, and the "basic democrats" were declared electoral college for the purpose of electing members of the National and Provincial Assemblies. Under the new system, presidential elections were held on 2 January 1965 which resulted in a victory for Ayub Khan. As years went by, political opposition against President Ayub Khan mounted. In East Pakistan, leader of the Awami League, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, was one of the key leaders to rally opposition to President Ayub Khan. In 1966, he began the Six point movement for East Pakistani autonomy.[citation needed]

In 1968 Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was charged with sedition after the government of President Ayub Khan accused him for conspiring with India against the stability of Pakistan.[4] While a conspiracy between Mujib and India for East Pakistan's secession was not itself conclusively proven,[5] it is known that Mujib and the Awami League had held secret meetings with Indian government officials in 1962 and after the 1965 war.[6] This case led to an uprising in East Pakistan which consisted of a series of mass demonstrations and sporadic conflicts between the government forces and protesters.[4] In West Pakistan, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who served as foreign minister under President Ayub Khan, resigned from his office and founded the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in 1967. The socialist political party took up opposition to President Ayub Khan as well.

Ayub Khan succumbed to political pressure on 26 March 1969 and handed power to the Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan. President Yahya Khan imposed martial law and the 1962 Constitution was abrogated. On 31 March 1970, President Yahya Khan announced a Legal Framework Order (LFO) which called for direct elections for a unicameral legislature. Many in the West feared the East wing's demand for countrywide provincial autonomy.[7] The purpose of the LFO was to secure the future Constitution which would be written after the election[8] so that it would include safeguards such as preserving Pakistan's territorial integrity and Islamic ideology.[9]

The integrated province of West Pakistan formed on 22 November 1954 was abolished and four provinces were retrieved: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan and the North-West Frontier Province. The principles of representation was made on the basis of population, and since East Pakistan had more people than the combined population of the four provinces of West Pakistan, the former got more than half seats in the National Assembly. Yahya Khan ignored reports that Sheikh Mujib planned to disregard the LFO and that India was increasingly interfering in East Pakistan.[10] Nor did he believe that the Awami League would actually sweep the elections in East Pakistan.[11]

A month before the elections the Bhola cyclone struck East Pakistan. This was the deadliest tropical cyclone in world history, killing an estimated 250,000-500,000 people. The government was severely criticised for its response to the disaster.

## Parties and candidates

[edit]

The general elections of 1970 are considered one of the fairest and cleanest elections in the history of Pakistan, with about twenty-four political parties taking part. The Awami League, a Bengali nationalist party dominated East Pakistan, while in the West the Pakistan Peoples Party, a leftist and nominally democratic socialist party, was a major power. The Pakistani government supported the pro-Islamic parties since they were committed to strong federalism.[12] The Jamaat-e-Islami suspected that the Awami League had secessionist intentions.[13]

### Election campaign in East Pakistan

[edit]

The continuous public meetings of the Awami League in East Pakistan and the Pakistan Peoples Party in Western Pakistan attracted huge crowds. The Awami League, a Bengali nationalist party, mobilised support in East Pakistan on the basis of its Six-Points Program (SPP), which was the main attraction in the party's manifesto. In East Pakistan, a huge majority of the Bengali nation favoured the Awami League, under Sheikh Mujib. The party received a huge percentage of the popular vote in East Pakistan and emerged as the largest party in the nation as a whole, gaining the exclusive mandate of Pakistan in terms both of seats and of votes.

The Pakistan Peoples Party failed to win any seats in the east. On the other hand, the Awami League failed to garner any seats in the west.[14] The Awami League's failure to win any seats in the west was used by the leftists led by Zulfikar Bhutto who argued that Mujib had received "no mandate or support from West Pakistan" (ignoring the fact that he himself did not win any seat in East Pakistan).[citation needed]

Bhutto uttered his infamous phrase "idhar hum, udhar tum" (We rule here, you rule there) – thus dividing Pakistan for the first time orally.[15]

Some Bengalis sided with the Pakistan Peoples' Party and tacitly or openly supported Bhutto and the democratic socialists, such as Jalaludin Abdur Rahim, an influential Bengali in Pakistan and mentor of Bhutto[citation needed] who was later jailed by Bhutto. Jamat-e-Islami, while supporting allowing the Awami League to form a government, was also against the fragmentation of the country. Conversely, several prominent figures from West Pakistan supported allowing the Awami League to rule, including the poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz and rights activist Malik Ghulam Jilani, father of Asma Jahangir, G.M Syed the founder of Sindhi nationalist party Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mahaz (JSQM) and Abul Ala Maududi, the leader of Jamat-e-Islami.

### Elections in West Pakistan

[edit]

However, the political position in West Pakistan was completely different from East Pakistan. In West Pakistan, the population was divided between different ideological forces. The right-wing parties, led under Abul Maududi, raised the religious slogans and initially campaigned on an Islamic platform, further promising to enforce Sharia laws in the country. Meanwhile, the founding party of Pakistan and the national conservative Muslim League, that although was divided into three factions (QML, CML, MLC), campaigned on a nationalist platform, promising to initiate the Jinnah reforms as originally envisioned by Jinnah and others in the 1940s. The factions however criticised each other for disobeying the rules laid down by the country's founding father.

The dynamic leadership and charismatic personality of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was highly active and influential in West Pakistan during these days. Bhutto's ideas and the famous slogan "Roti Kapra Aur Makaan" ("Food, Clothing and Shelter") attracted poor communities, students, and the working class to his party. Under Bhutto's leadership the democratic left gathered and united into one party platform for the first time in Pakistan's history. Bhutto and the left-leaning elements attracted the people of the West to participate and vote for the Peoples Party based on a broad hope for a better future for their children and families. As compared to the right-wing and conservatives in West Pakistan, Bhutto and his allies won most of the popular vote, becoming the pre-eminent players in the politics of the West.

### Nominations

[edit]

A total of 1,957 candidates filed nomination papers for the 300 National Assembly seats. After scrutiny and withdrawals, 1,579 eventually contested the elections. The Awami League ran 170 candidates, of which 162 were for constituencies in East Pakistan. Jamaat-e-Islami had the second-highest number of candidates with 151. The Pakistan Peoples Party ran only 120 candidates, of which 103 were from constituencies in Punjab and Sindh, and none in East Pakistan. The PML (Convention) ran 124 candidates, the PML (Council) 119 and the PML (Qayyum) 133\.

All thirteen women's seats were uncontested.[16]

## Results

[edit]

Vote Share of different parties in the election.

1. AL (39.2%)
2. PPP (18.63%)
3. JI (6.03%)
4. CML (5.96%)
5. PML(Qa) (4.47%)
6. JUI (3.98%)
7. JUP (3.94%)
8. CML (3.34%)
9. NAP(W) (2.43%)
10. PDP (2.24%)
11. IND (7.04%)
12. Other Parties (2.76%)

Seat Share of different parties in the election.

1. AL 53.35 (51.9%)
2. PPP 27.48 (26.8%)
3. PML(Qa) 2.87 (2.79%)
4. CML 2.23 (2.17%)
5. JUI 2.23 (2.17%)
6. NAP(W) 2.23 (2.17%)
7. JUP 2.23 (2.17%)
8. JI 1.28 (1.25%)
9. CML 0.63 (0.61%)
10. PDP 0.32 (0.31%)
11. IND 5.11 (4.97%)
12. Other Parties 2.76 (2.69%)

The total number of registered voters in the country was 56,941,500 of which 31,211,220 were from East Pakistan and 25,730,280 were from West Pakistan.

Party| Votes| %| Seats
General| Women| Total
| All-Pakistan Awami League| 12,937,162| 39.20| 160| 7| 167
| Pakistan Peoples Party| 6,148,923| 18.63| 81| 4| 85
| Jamaat-e-Islami| 1,989,461| 6.03| 4| 0| 4
| Council Muslim League| 1,965,689| 5.96| 7| 0| 7
| Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum)| 1,473,749| 4.47| 9| 1| 10
| Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam| 1,315,071| 3.98| 7| 0| 7
| Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan| 1,299,858| 3.94| 7| 0| 7
| Convention Muslim League| 1,102,815| 3.34| 2| 0| 2
| National Awami Party (Wali)| 801,355| 2.43| 6| 1| 7
| Pakistan Democratic Party| 737,958| 2.24| 1| 0| 1
| Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (Thanvi)| 521,764| 1.58| 0| 0| 0
| Other parties| 387,919| 1.18| 0| 0| 0
| Independents| 2,322,341| 7.04| 16| 0| 16
Total| 33,004,065| 100.00| 300| 13| 313
Registered voters/turnout| 56,941,500| –|
Source: Nohlen et al.,[17] Bangladesh Documents

### Elected members in eastern Pakistan

[edit]

List of members in East Bengal:[18][19]

Constituency  | Party  | Member

|
|

NE-1 (Rangpur-I) | Awami League | Mazahar Hossain
NE-2 (Rangpur-II) | Awami League | Md. Reazuddin Ahmed
NE-3 (Rangpur-III) | Awami League | Mohammad Sadakat Hossain
NE-4 (Rangpur-IV) | Awami League | Lutfor Rahman
NE-5 (Rangpur-V) | Awami League | Shah Abdul Hamid
NE-6 (Rangpur-VI) | Awami League | Mohammad Abu Solaiman Mondal
NE-7 (Rangpur-VII) | Awami League | Mohammad Azizur Rahman
NE-8 (Rangpur-VIII) | Awami League | Mohammad Nural Haq
NE-9 (Rangpur-IX) | Awami League | Abdul Awal
NE-10 (Rangpur-X) | Awami League | Matiur Rahman
NE-11 (Rangpur-XI) | Awami League | Abdur Rouf
NE-12 (Rangpur-XII) | Awami League | Afsar Ali Ahmed
NE-13 (Dinajpur-I) | Awami League | Musharraf Husayn Chowdhury
NE-14 (Dinajpur-II) | Awami League | Adv. Azizur Rahman
NE-15 (Dinajpur-III) | Awami League | Mohammad Moksed Ali
NE-16 (Dinajpur-IV) | Awami League | Muhammad Yusuf Ali
NE-17 (Dinajpur-V) | Awami League | Shah Mahatab Ahmad
NE-18 (Dinajpur-VI) | Awami League | Wakiluddin Mondal
NE-19 (Bogra-I) | Awami League | Mafiz Ali Chowdhury
NE-20 (Bogra-II) | Awami League | Mujibur Rahman Mondal
NE-21 (Bogra-III) | Awami League | Akbar Ali Khan Chowdhury
NE-22 (Bogra-IV) | Awami League | Mohammad Habibur Rahman
NE-23 (Bogra-V) | Awami League | Zahidur Rahman
NE-24 (Pabna-I) | Awami League | Motahar Hossain Talukdar
NE-25 (Pabna-II) | Awami League | Abdur Rashid Tarkabagish
NE-26 (Pabna-III) | Awami League | Abdul Momin Talukdar
NE-27 (Pabna-IV) | Awami League | Syed Hossain Mansur
NE-28 (Pabna-V) | Awami League | Abu Sayeed
NE-29 (Pabna-VI) | Awami League | Amjad Hossain
NE-30 (Rajshahi-I) | Awami League | Atowar Rahman Talukder
NE-31 (Rajshahi-II) | Awami League | Azizar Rahman
NE-32 (Rajshahi-III) | Awami League | Mohammad Baitullah
NE-33 (Rajshahi-IV) | Awami League | Khalid Ali Mia
NE-34 (Rajshahi-V) | Awami League | Rais Uddin Ahmad
NE-35 (Rajshahi-VI) | Awami League | Abul Hasnat Muhammad Qamaruzzaman
NE-36 (Rajshahi-VII) | Awami League | Shah Muhammad Zafarullah
NE-37 (Rajshahi-VIII) | Awami League | Nazmul Hoque Sarkar
NE-38 (Rajshahi-IX) | Awami League | Sheikh Mobarak Hossain
NE-39 (Kushtia-I) | Awami League | M Amir-ul Islam
NE-40 (Kushtia-II) | Awami League | Azizur Rahman Akkas
NE-41 (Kushtia-III) | Awami League | Mohammad Shahiduddin
NE-42 (Kushtia-IV) | Awami League | Abzalur Rashid
NE-43 (Jessore-I) | Awami League | Md. Kamruzzaman
NE-44 (Jessore-II) | Awami League | Iqbal Anwar Islam
NE-45 (Jessore-III) | Awami League | Masihur Rahman
NE-46 (Jessore-IV) | Awami League | Subodh Kumar Mitra
NE-47 (Jessore-V) | Awami League | Raushan Ali
NE-48 (Jessore-VI) | Awami League | Muhammad Sohrab Hossain
NE-49 (Jessore-VII) | Awami League | Khandaker Abdul Hafeez
NE-50 (Khulna-I) | Awami League | Abul Khayr Shiqdar
NE-51 (Khulna-II) | Awami League | Sheikh Abdul Aziz
NE-52 (Khulna-III) | Awami League | Lutfar Rahman
NE-53 (Khulna-IV) | Awami League | Muhammad Abdul Ghafur
NE-54 (Khulna-V) | Awami League | Mohammad Mohsin
NE-55 (Khulna-VI) | Awami League | Salahuddin Yusuf
NE-56 (Khulna-VII) | Awami League | Muhammad Abdul Ghaffar
NE-57 (Khulna-VIII) | Awami League | Syed Kamal Bakht
NE-58 (Bakerganj-I) | Awami League | Abdur Rab Serniabat
NE-59 (Bakerganj-II) | Awami League | Salehuddin Ahmed
NE-60 (Bakerganj-III) | Awami League | Nurul Islam Manzur
NE-61 (Bakerganj-IV) | Awami League | Mohammad Abdul Barek
NE-62 (Bakerganj-V) | Awami League | Abdul Mannan Howlader
NE-63 (Bakerganj-VI) | Awami League | Tofail Ahmed
NE-64 (Bakerganj-VII) | Awami League | Azahar Uddin Ahmed
NE-65 (Bakerganj-VIII) | Awami League | A K Faezul Huq
NE-66 (Bakerganj-IX) | Awami League | Enayet Hossain Khan
NE-67 (Bakerganj-cum-Patuakhali) | Awami League | Md. Shamsul Huq
NE-68 (Patuakhali-I) | Awami League | Golam Ahad Chowdhury
NE-69 (Patuakhali-II) | Awami League | Abdul Hady Talukder
NE-70 (Patuakhali-III) | Awami League | Asmat Ali Sikder
NE-71 (Tangail-I) | Awami League | Abdul Mannan
NE-72 (Tangail-II) | Awami League | Shaukat Ali Khan
NE-73 (Tangail-III) | Awami League | Humayun Khalid
NE-74 (Tangail-IV) | Awami League | Hatem Ali Talukdar
NE-75 (Tangail-V) | Awami League | Shamsur Rahman Khan Shahjahan
NE-76 (Mymensingh-I) | Awami League | Mohammad Abdus Samad
NE-77 (Mymensingh-II) | Awami League | Karimuzzaman Talukder
NE-78 (Mymensingh-III) | Awami League | Mohammad Abdul Hakim
NE-79 (Mymensingh-IV) | Awami League | Anisur Rahman
NE-80 (Mymensingh-V) | Awami League | Abdul Hakim Sarkar
NE-81 (Mymensingh-VI) | Awami League | Musharraf Husayn Akhand
NE-82 (Mymensingh-VII) | Awami League | Ibrahim Sarkar
NE-83 (Mymensingh-VIII) | Pakistan Democratic Party | Nurul Amin
NE-84 (Mymensingh-IX) | Awami League | Syed Abdus Sultan
NE-85 (Mymensingh-X) | Awami League | ANM Nazrul Islam
NE-86 (Mymensingh-XI) | Awami League | Mohammad Shamsul Huda
NE-87 (Mymensingh-XII) | Awami League | Sadir Uddin Ahmed
NE-88 (Mymensingh-XIII) | Awami League | Abdul Momin Taluqdar
NE-89 (Mymensingh-XIV) | Awami League | Zubed Ali
NE-90 (Mymensingh-XV) | Awami League | Asaduzzaman Khan
NE-91 (Mymensingh-XVI) | Awami League | Zillur Rahman
NE-92 (Mymensingh-XVII) | Awami League | Syed Nazrul Islam
NE-93 (Mymensingh-XVIII) | Awami League | Mohammad Abdul Hamid
NE-94 (Faridpur-I) | Awami League | A.B.M. Nurul Islam
NE-95 (Faridpur-II) | Awami League | Syed Qumrul Islam Saleh Uddin
NE-96 (Faridpur-III) | Awami League | KM Obaidur Rahman
NE-97 (Faridpur-IV) | Awami League | Shamsuddin Mollah
NE-98 (Faridpur-V) | Awami League | Mohammad Abul Khayer
NE-99 (Faridpur-VI) | Awami League | Mollah Jalaluddin Ahmed
NE-100 (Faridpur-VII) | Awami League | Adeluddin Ahmad
NE-101 (Faridpur-VIII) | Awami League | Amjad Husayn Khan
NE-102 (Faridpur-IX) | Awami League | Abidur Reza Khan
NE-103 (Faridpur-X) | Awami League | M. A. Kasem
NE-104 (Dacca-I) | Awami League | Mohammed Nurul Islam
NE-105 (Dacca-II) | Awami League | Moslem Uddin Khan
NE-106 (Dacca-III) | Awami League | Khandaker Nurul Islam
NE-107 (Dacca-IV) | Awami League | Shamsul Haq
NE-108 (Dacca-V) | Awami League | Tajuddin Ahmad
NE-109 (Dacca-VI) | Awami League | Ashraf Ali Chowdhury
NE-110 (Dacca-VII) | Awami League | Zahir Uddin
NE-111 (Dacca-VIII) | Awami League | Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
NE-112 (Dacca-IX) | Awami League | Kamal Hossain
NE-113 (Dacca-X) | Awami League | Fazlur Rahman Bhuiyan
NE-114 (Dacca-XI) | Awami League | Aftab Uddin Bhuiyan
NE-115 (Dacca-XII) | Awami League | Abdur Razzaq Bhuiyan
NE-116 (Dacca-XIII) | Awami League | Shahar Ali Mia
NE-117 (Dacca-XIV) | Awami League | AKM Samsuzzoha
NE-118 (Dacca-XV) | Awami League | Kafiluddin Chowdhury
NE-119 (Dacca-XVI) | Awami League | Abdul Karim Bepari
NE-120 (Sylhet-I) | Awami League | Mostafa Ali
NE-121 (Sylhet-II) | Awami League | Mohammad Abdur Rab
NE-122 (Sylhet-III) | Awami League | Latifur Rahman Chowdhury
NE-123 (Sylhet-IV) | Awami League | Mohammad Elias
NE-124 (Sylhet-V) | Awami League | Abdul Muntaquim Chaudhury
NE-125 (Sylhet-VI) | Awami League | M. A. G. Osmani
NE-126 (Sylhet-VII) | Awami League | Abdur Rahim
NE-127 (Sylhet-VIII) | Awami League | Dewan Farid Gazi
NE-128 (Sylhet-IX) | Awami League | Abdul Hoque
NE-129 (Sylhet-X) | Awami League | Abdus Samad Azad
NE-130 (Sylhet-XI) | Awami League | D. M. H Obaidur Raza Chowdhury
NE-131 (Comilla-I) | Awami League | Taheruddin Thakur
NE-132 (Comilla-II) | Awami League | Ali Azam
NE-133 (Comilla-III) | Awami League | Dewan Abul Abbas
NE-134 (Comilla-IV) | Awami League | Serajul Huq
NE-135 (Comilla-V) | Awami League | Khurshed Alam
NE-136 (Comilla-VI) | Awami League | Kazi Zahirul Qayyum
NE-137 (Comilla-VII) | Awami League | Ahmad Khaliq
NE-138 (Comilla-VIII) | Awami League | Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad
NE-139 (Comilla-IX) | Awami League | Md Abul Hashem
NE-140 (Comilla-X) | Awami League | Muhammad Shujat Ali
NE-141 (Comilla-XI) | Awami League | Abdul Awal
NE-142 (Comilla-XII) | Awami League | Hafez Habibur Rahman
NE-143 (Comilla-XIII) | Awami League | Muhammad Waliullah
NE-144 (Comilla-XIV) | Awami League | Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury
NE-145 (Noakhali-I) | Awami League | Obaidullah Majumdar
NE-146 (Noakhali-II) | Awami League | Khawaja Ahmed
NE-147 (Noakhali-III) | Awami League | Nurul Haque
NE-148 (Noakhali-IV) | Awami League | Abdul Malek Ukil
NE-149 (Noakhali-V) | Awami League | Delwar Hussain
NE-150 (Noakhali-VI) | Awami League | Khalid Muhammad Ali
NE-151 (Noakhali-VII) | Awami League | Md. Hanif
NE-152 (Noakhali-VIII) | Awami League | Abdur Rashid
NE-153 (Chittagong-I) | Awami League | Mustafizur Rahman Siddiqi
NE-154 (Chittagong-II) | Awami League | Muhammad Abdul Majid
NE-155 (Chittagong-III) | Awami League | Mohammad Idris
NE-156 (Chittagong-IV) | Awami League | Syed Fazlul Haq
NE-157 (Chittagong-V) | Awami League | Mohammad Khaled
NE-158 (Chittagong-VI) | Awami League | Nurul Islam Chowdhury
NE-159 (Chittagong-VII) | Awami League | Ataur Rahman Khan Kaiser
NE-160 (Chittagong-VIII) | Awami League | Abu Saleh Mia
NE-161 (Chittagong-IX) | Awami League | Nur Ahmad Sawdagar
NE-162 (Hill Tracts) | Independent  | Tridev Roy

### Elected members in western Pakistan

[edit]

List of members from Punjab, Sindh, North West Frontier Province, Federally Administered Tribal Areas, and Balochistan:[20][21]

Constituency  | Party  | Member

|
|

NW-1 Peshawar-I | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Abdul Qayyum Khan (vacated)
Yusuf Khattak (by-election)
NW-2 Peshawar-II | National Awami Party (Wali) | Ghulam Faruque Khan
NW-3 Peshawar-III | National Awami Party (Wali) | Abdul Wali Khan
NW-4 Peshawar-IV | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Abdul Haq Akorwi
NW-5 Hazara-I | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Abdul Hakeem
NW-6 Hazara-II | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Ghulam Ghaus Hazarvi
NW-7 Hazara-III | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Sardar Inayatur Rehman Khan Abbasi
NW-8 Hazara-IV | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Abdul Qayyum Khan
NW-9 Mardan-I | Pakistan People's Party | Abdul Khaliq Khan
NW-10 Mardan-II | National Awami Party (Wali) | Ameerzada Khan (vacated)
NW-10 Mardan-II |  | Umra Khan (by election)
NW-11 (Mardan cum Hazara) | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Abdul Qayyum Khan (vacated)
NW-11 (Mardan cum Hazara) |  | Muhammad Hanif Khan (by election)
NW-12 (Kohat) | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Moulvi Naimatullah
NW-13 (Dera Ismail Khan) | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Mufti Mehmood
NW-14 (Bannu) | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Moulana Sadar us Shahid
NW-15 (Chitral cum Dir) | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Jafar Ali Shah
NW-16 (Swat-I) | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Rahim Shah
NW-17 (Swat-II) | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Miangul Aurangzeb
NW-18 (Dir) | Jamaat-e-Islami | Sahibzada Saifullah
NW-19 (Tribal Area-I) | Independent | Akbar Khan Mohmand
NW-20 (Tribal Area-II) | Independent | Haji Saleh Khan
NW-21 (Tribal Area-III) | Independent | Naimatullah Khan Shinwari (vacated)
Haji Gul Muhammad (by election)
NW-22 (Tribal Area-IV) | Independent | Malik Jahangir Khan
NW-23 (Tribal Area-V) | Independent | Abdul Malik
NW-24 (Tribal Area-VI) | Independent | Jamal Dar
NW-25 (Tribal Area-VII) | Independent | Abdul Subhan Khan
NW-26 (Rawalpindi-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Khurshid Hassan Mir
NW-27 (Rawalpindi-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Malik Muhammad Jaffar
NW-28 (Rawalpindi-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Habib Ahmed
NW-29 (Rawalpindi-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Raja Abdul Aziz Bhatti
NW-30 (Campbellpur-I) | Council Muslim League | Shaukat Hayat Khan
NW-31 (Campbellpur-II) | Council Muslim League | Pir Syed Saifuddin
NW-32 (Jhelum-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Dr. Ghulam Hussain
NW-33 (Jhelum-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Muhammad Amir Khan
NW-34 (Jhelum-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Malik Muhammad Sadiq
NW-35 (Gujrat-I) | Council Muslim League | Chaudhry Zahoor Elahi
NW-36 (Gujrat-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry (vacated)
NW-36 (Gujrat-II) |  | Muhammad Sardar Khan (by election)
NW-37 (Gujrat-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Manzoor Hussain Daudra
NW-38 (Gujrat-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Ghulam Rasool Tarar
NW-39 (Sargodha-I) |  | Chaudhary Jahangir Ali
NW-40 (Sargodha-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Anwar Ali Noon
NW-41 (Sargodha-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Hafeezullah Cheema
NW-42 (Sargodha-IV) | Council Muslim League | Malik Karam Bakhsh Awan
NW-43 (Sargodha-V) | Council Muslim League | Nawabzada Mian Muhammad Zakir
NW-44 (Mianwali-I) | Independent | Nawabzada Malik Muzaffar Khan
NW-45 (Mianwali-II) | Council Muslim League | Ghulam Hassan Khan Dhandala
NW-46 (Jhang-I) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Mehar Ghulam Haider Bharwana
NW-47 (Jhang-II) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Moulana Muhammad Zakir (d. 1975)
NW-47 (Jhang-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Sardarzada Muhammad Ali Shah (by election)
NW-48 (Jhang-III) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Sahibzada Nazir Sultan
NW-49 (Lyallpur-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Mukhtar Rana (disqualified)
NW-49 (Lyallpur-I) |  | Muhammad Afzal Randhawa (by election)
NW-50 (Lyallpur-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Muhammad Attaullah
NW-51 (Lyallpur-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Ahsanul Haq
NW-52 (Lyallpur-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Muhammad Bashir Ahmed
NW-53 (Lyallpur-V) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Muhammad Aslam (d. 1975)
NW-53 (Lyallpur-V) |  | Raja Mubaraz Khan (by election)
NW-54 (Lyallpur-VI) | Pakistan People's Party | Rai Hafeezullah Khan
NW-55 (Lyallpur-VII) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Muhammad Anwar Ali Khan
NW-56 (Lyallpur-VIII) | Pakistan People's Party | Ghulam Nabi Chaudhary
NW-57 (Lyallpur-IX) | Pakistan People's Party | Muhammad Khan Chaudhary
NW-58 (Lahore-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Malik Muhammad Akhtar
NW-59 (Lahore-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Mubashir Hassan
NW-60 (Lahore-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)
Mahmud Ali Kasuri (by election)
NW-61 (Lahore-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Sheikh Rasheed Ahmed
NW-62 (Lahore-V) | Pakistan People's Party | Malik Meraj Khalid
NW-63 (Lahore-VI) | Pakistan People's Party | Ahmad Raza Khan Kasuri
NW-64 (Lahore-VII) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Shafaat Khan Chohan
NW-65 (Lahore-VIII) | Pakistan People's Party | Syed Mehmood Abbas Bukhari
NW-66 (Sheikhupura-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhry Mumtaz Ahmed
NW-67 (Sheikhupura-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Hamid Yaseen
NW-68 (Sheikhupura-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Muhammad Iqbal (d. 1974)
NW-68 (Sheikhupura-III) |  | Nisar Ahmed (by election)
NW-69 (Sheikhupura-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Rai Shahadat Ali Khan
NW-70 (Gujranwala-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Manzoor-e-Hassan (d. 1974)
Habibur Rahman (by election)
NW-71 (Gujranwala-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Zulfiqar Ali Bajwa (died)
NW-71 (Gujranwala-II) |  | Ali Muhammad Darriwal (by election)
NW-72 (Gujranwala-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Ghulam Haider Cheema
NW-73 (Gujranwala-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Shahadat Khan
NW-74 (Sialkot-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Masood Ahmed
NW-75 (Sialkot-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Kausar Niazi
NW-76 (Sialkot-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Nasrullah Khan (vacated)
NW-76 (Sialkot-III) | Council Muslim League | Abdul Wahid (by election)
NW-77 (Sialkot-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Malik Muhammad Suleman
NW-78 (Sialkot-V) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Sultan Ahmed Cheema
NW-79 (Multan-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)
Sahibzada Farooq Ali (by election)
NW-80 (Multan-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Sadiq Hussain Qureshi (vacated)
NW-80 (Multan-II) |  | Sajid Pervez Mian (by election)
NW-81 (Multan-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Sayyid Abbas Hussain Gardezi
NW-82 (Multan-IV) | Independent | Zafarullah Khan Chaudhary
NW-83 (Multan-V) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Barkatullah
NW-84 (Multan-VI) | Council Muslim League | Mumtaz Daultana (vacated)
NW-84 (Multan-VI) |  | Mian Riaz Ahmed Khan (by election)
NW-85 (Multan-VII) | Pakistan People's Party | Khan Irshad Ahmed Khan
NW-86 (Multan-VIII) | Pakistan People's Party | Syed Nasir Ali Rizvi
NW-87 (Multan-IX) | Pakistan People's Party | Rana Taj Ahmed Noon
NW-88 (Dera Ghazi Khan-I) | Jamaat-e-Islami | Nazir Ahmed (died)
NW-88 (Dera Ghazi Khan-I) |  | Khawaja Ghulam Suleman (by election)
NW-89 (Dera Ghazi Khan-II) | Independent | Sherbaz Khan Mazari
NW-90 (Muzaffargarh-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Mahar Manzoor Hussain Sumra
NW-91 (Muzaffargarh-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Ghulam Mustafa Khar (vacated)
NW-91 (Muzaffargarh-II) |  | Mian Ghulam Abbas (by election)
NW-92 (Muzaffargarh-III) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Mian Muhammad Ibrahim Barq
NW-93 (Sahiwal-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Sardar Abdul Aleem
NW-94 (Sahiwal-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Chaudhary Muhammad Hanif Khan
NW-95 (Sahiwal-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Haji Muhammad Sadiq
NW-96 (Sahiwal-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Rao Khurshid Ali Khan
NW-97 (Sahiwal-V) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Muhammad Hassan Khan
NW-98 (Sahiwal-VI) | Pakistan People's Party | Rao Hashim Khan
NW-99 (Sahiwal-VII) | Pakistan People's Party | Noor Muhammad
NW-100 (Bahawalpur-I) | Council Muslim League | Nizamuddin Haider
NW-101 (Bahawalpur-II) | Independent | Saeed-ur-Rashid Abbasi
NW-102 (Bahawalnagar cum Bahawalpur) | Pakistan People's Party | Muhammad Shafi
NW-103 (Bahawalnagar-I) | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Syed Rafiq Muhammad Shah
NW-104 (Bahawalnagar-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Mian Muhammad Rafiq
NW-105 (Rahim Yar Khan-I) | Convention Muslim League | Khawaja Jamal Muhammad Koreja
NW-106 (Rahim Yar Khan-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Abdul Nabi Khan Kanju
NW-107 (Rahim Yar Khan-III) | Independent | Makhdoom Noor Muhammad
NW-108 (Jacobabad) | Pakistan People's Party | Mir Dariya Khan Khoso
NW-109 (Sukkur-I) | Independent | Moula Bakhsh Soomro
NW-110 (Sukkur-II) | Independent | Ali Hassan Mangi
NW-111 (Sukkur-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Noor Muhammad Khan Lund
NW-112 (Nawabshah-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Hakim Ali Zardari
NW-113 (Nawabshah-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi (vacated)
Ghulam Mujtaba Jatoi (by election)
NW-114 (Khairpur-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Syed Qaim Ali Shah
NW-115 (Khairpur-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Pir Syed Abdul Qadir Shah Jillani
NW-116 (Larkana-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
NW-117 (Larkana-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Mumtaz Bhutto
NW-118 (Hyderabad-I) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Syed Muhammad Ali Rizvi
NW-119 (Hyderabad-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Mir Aijaz Ali Talpur
NW-120 (Hyderabad-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Makhdoom Muhammad Zaman Talibul Moula
NW-121 (Hyderabad-IV) | Pakistan People's Party | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)
Haji Ali Ahmed Khan (by election)
NW-122 (Tharparkar-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Mir Ali Bakhsh Khan Talpur
NW-123 (Tharparkar-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Pir Ghulam Rasool Shah Jillani
NW-124 (Dadu-I) | Pakistan People's Party | Abdul Hameed Jatoi
NW-125 (Dadu-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Malik Sikandar Khan
NW-126 (Sanghar) | Pakistan Muslim League (Qayyum) | Atta Muhammad Marri
NW-127 (Thatta) | Pakistan People's Party | Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (vacated)
Ameen Faheem (by election)
NW-128 (Karachi-I) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Abdul Mustafa Al-Azhari
NW-129 (Karachi-II) | Pakistan People's Party | Abdul Hafeez Pirzada
NW-130 (Karachi-III) | Pakistan People's Party | Abdul Sattar Gabol
NW-131 (Karachi-IV) | Jamaat-e-Islami | Mehmood Azam Farooqi
NW-132 (Karachi-V) | Jamaat-e-Islami | Abdul Ghafoor Ahmed
NW-133 (Karachi-VI) | Independent | Zafar Ahmed Ansari
NW-134 (Karachi-VII) | Markazi Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan | Shah Ahmad Noorani (vacated)
NW-134 (Karachi-VII) | Pakistan People's Party | Noorul Arfin (by election)
NW-135 (Quetta-I) | Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam | Maulvi Abdul Haq
NW-136 (Quetta-II) | National Awami Party (Wali) | Khair Bakhsh Marri (vacated)
NW-136 (Quetta-II) | Council Muslim League | Taj Muhammad Jamali (by-election)
NW-137 (Kalat-I) | National Awami Party (Wali) | Abdul Hai Baloch
NW-138 (Kalat-II) | National Awami Party (Wali) | Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo

## Aftermath

[edit]

The elected Assembly initially did not meet as President Yahya Khan and the Pakistan Peoples Party did not want the majority party from East Pakistan forming government. This caused great unrest in East Pakistan. The military junta responded by executing Operation Searchlight, which led to the Bangladesh War of Independence, with East Pakistan becoming the independent state of Bangladesh. The Assembly session was eventually held when Yahya resigned four days after Pakistan surrendered to Bangladesh and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto took over. Bhutto became the Prime Minister of Pakistan in 1973, after the post was recreated by the new Constitution.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Craig Baxter (1971). "Pakistan Votes -- 1970". Asian Survey. 11 (3): 197–218\. doi:10.2307/3024655. ISSN 0004-4687. JSTOR 3024655.
2. ^ "1970 polls: When election results created a storm". Dawn. 8 January 2012.
3. ^ "History: Bhutto, Mujib and the generals". Dawn. 4 May 2019.
4. ^ a b Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1.
5. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "The Agartala contacts however did not provide solid evidence of a Mujib-India secessionist conspiracy in East Pakistan"
6. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 190. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "It is now clear that Mujib did hold secret discussions with local Indian leaders there in July 1962. Moreover, following the 1965 war there were meetings between Awami League leaders and representatives of the Indian Government at a number of secret locations."
7. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "When this duly arrived. the western wing's nightmare scenario materialised: either a constitutional deadlock, or the imposition in the whole of the country of the Bengalis' longstanding commitment to unfettered democracy and provincial autonomy."
8. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "Yahya had made some provision to safeguard the constitutional outcome through the promulgation of the Legal Framework Order (LFO) on 30 March 1970. It set a deadline of 120 days for the framing of a constitution by the National Assembly and reserved to the President the right to authenticate it."
9. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "It would also have to enshrine the following five principles: an Islamic ideology...and internal affairs and the preservation of the territorial integrity of the country"
10. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 194. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "He also refused to countenance intelligence service reports both of Mujib's aim to tear up the LFO after the elections and establish Bangladesh and of India's growing involvement in the affairs of East Pakistan."
11. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 193. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "From November 1969 until the announcement of the national election results, he discounted the possibility of an Awami League landslide in East Pakistan."
12. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "The regime also increasingly favoured the Islam pasand (Islam loving) parties because of their conservatism and attachment to the idea of a strong central government"
13. ^ Ian Talbot (1998). Pakistan: A Modern History. St. Martin's Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-312-21606-1. "The JI itself warned that an Awami League victory would mean the disintegration of Pakistan."
14. ^ Owen Bennett-Jones (2003). Pakistan: Eye of the Storm. Yale University Press. pp. 161–162\. ISBN 978-0-300-10147-8.
15. ^ "Idhar hum, udhar tum: Abbas Athar remembered - The Express Tribune". The Express Tribune. 8 May 2013. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
16. ^ Report on the General Elections in Pakistan, 1972, p167
17. ^ Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p686 ISBN 0-19-924958-X
18. ^ "Notification" (PDF). Government of Pakistan. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2018.
19. ^ Khaled Habib (1991). Bangladesh: Elections, Parliament & the Cabinet, 1970-91. Ē. Āra. Muraśēda. pp. 24–37\. OCLC 27146030.
20. ^ "National Assembly Elections in Pakistan 1970-2008 A compendium of elections related facts and statistics" (PDF), Free and Fair Election Network, August 2010, retrieved 24 October 2024
21. ^ 5th National Assembly from 1972 to 10th January 1977 (PDF)

## External links

[edit]

* Members elected Election Commission of Pakistan

* v
* t
* e

Elections and referendums in Pakistan

General elections|

* 1920¹
* 1923¹
* 1926¹
* 1930¹
* 1934¹
* 1945¹
* 1946¹
* 1947¹
* 1955
* 1962
* 1965
* 1970
* 1977
* 1985
* 1988
* 1990
* 1993
* 1997
* 2002
* 2008
* 2013
* 2018
* 2024
* Next

Provincial elections|

* 1937¹
* 1946¹
* 1951
* 1953
* 1954
* 1956
* 1962
* 1965
* 1970
* 1975
* 1977
* 1985
* 1988
* 1990
* 1991
* 1993
* 1996
* 1997
* 2001
* 2002
* 2006
* 2008
* 2009
* 2011
* 2013
* 2015
* 2016
* 2018
* 2019
* 2020
* 2024

Referendums|

* 1960
* 1984
* 2002

By-elections|

* 1956
* 1971
* 2013
* 2018
* 2022
* 2024

* ¹ As part of British India
* See also: Elections in Azad Kashmir
* Balochistan
* Gilgit-Baltistan
* Punjab
* Sindh

* v
* t
* e

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

Independence|

* East Pakistan Muslim Students' League
* All-Pakistan Awami League
* Six point movement
* Agartala Conspiracy Case
* 1970 Pakistani general election
* 7th March Speech
* Non-cooperation movement
* Declaration of Independence
* Provisional Government of Bangladesh
* Mujib Bahini

Administration|

* Bangladesh Awami League
* 1st cabinet
* 2nd cabinet
* 1973 Bangladeshi general election
* 3rd cabinet
* Premiership of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
* 1974 Speech at the United Nations
* 4th cabinet
* Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League
* Second revolution
* Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini
* International presidential trips
* 15 August 1975 Bangladesh coup d'état
* Assassination

Family|

* Sheikh Lutfar Rahman
* Sayera Khatun
* Sheikh Fazilatunnesa Mujib
* Sheikh Mosharraf Hossain
* Sheikh Kamal
* Sheikh Jamal
* Sheikh Hasina
* Sheikh Rehana
* Sheikh Russel
* Sajeeb Wazed
* Saima Wazed
* Tulip Siddiq
* Radwan Mujib Siddiq Bobby
* Sultana Kamal
* M. A. Wazed Miah
* Shafique Ahmed Siddique

Relatives|

* Abdur Rab Serniabat
* Sheikh Fazlul Haque Mani
* Sheikh Fazlul Karim
* Fazle Noor Taposh

Landmarks|

* Baker Hostel
* Dhanmondi 32
* Mausoleum
* Hotel Sayeman

Books|

* The Unfinished Memoirs
* The Prison Diaries
* Amar Dekha Noya Chin

Popular culture|

* 1971: Inside and Outside
* August 1975
* Bangladesh: A Legacy of Blood
* The Assassin Next Door (documentary)
* Bhat De Haramzada, Noile Manchitro Khabo
* Chironjeeb Mujib
* Deyal
* Mujib Amar Pita
* Khoka Theke Bangabandhu Jatir Pita
* Hasina: A Daughter's Tale
* Amader Choto Russel Shona
* Amar Fashi Chai
* Huliya
* Jochona O Jononir Golpo
* "Jodi Raat Pohale Shona Jeto"
* Mujib: The Making of a Nation
* "Shono Ekti Mujiborer Theke"
* The Black Coat
* Tungiparar Miya Bhai
* Mujib Bhai
* Huey Tum Ajnabi
* Children of War
* Jo Bichar Gaye
* Emergency

Legacy|

* Birthday
* Memorial Trust
* Mujibism
* Mujibnagar
* Mujib coat
* Mujib Year
* Mritunjoyi Mujib
* Namesakes
* Artistic depictions
* Electoral history
* Mujib's personality cult

* Category

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template