1972 United States Senate election in Delaware

* * *

| <- 1966 | November 7, 1972 | 1978 ->

|
|

|  |  |

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Nominee  | Joe Biden | J. Caleb Boggs |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 116,006 | 112,844
Percentage  | 50.48% | 49.10%

* * *

County results

State House district results

Biden: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Boggs: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

J. Caleb Boggs
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Joe Biden
Democratic

|

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The 1972 United States Senate election in Delaware was held November 7, 1972. Incumbent Republican Senator J. Caleb Boggs ran for a third term in the United States Senate. Boggs faced off against Democrat Joe Biden, a New Castle County Councilman. Though Boggs was expected to easily win a third term, Biden narrowly defeated the incumbent on election day, even while fellow Democrat George McGovern lost Delaware by 20.4% in the concurrent presidential election. Biden's victory margin of 3,162 votes made this the closest U.S. Senate election of the year.

Biden won a total of seven terms in the Senate, before being elected vice president in 2008 and in 2012 and president in 2020. At the age of 29, Biden became the youngest person to be elected senator since Rush Holt won in West Virginia in 1934. Delaware was one of fifteen states that were won by Richard Nixon that elected Democrats to the United States Senate.

## Primary and candidates

[edit]

* J. Caleb Boggs (Republican), incumbent senator and former Governor of Delaware[1]
* Joe Biden (Democrat), New Castle County Council member[1]
* Henry M. Majka (American)[1]
* Herbert B. Wood (Prohibition)[1]

Longtime Delaware political figure and incumbent Republican Senator J. Caleb Boggs was considering retirement, which would likely have left U.S. Representative Pete du Pont and Wilmington Mayor Hal Haskell in a divisive Senate primary. To avoid a potential primary, President Richard Nixon helped convince Boggs to run again with full party support.[2][3]

Biden campaign pamphlet

Aside from Biden, a New Castle County Councilman, no Democrat wanted to challenge Boggs.[4]

## General election

[edit]

### Campaign

[edit]

Biden's campaign had virtually no money and was given little to no chance of winning.[5] The campaign was managed by Biden's sister, Valerie Biden Owens (who managed his future campaigns), was staffed by other members of the Biden family, and relied upon handed-out newsprint position papers.[6]

Biden did receive some assistance from the AFL–CIO and from Democratic pollster Patrick Caddell.[4] Biden's campaign focused on withdrawal from the Vietnam War, the environment, civil rights, mass transit, more equitable taxation, health care, the public's dissatisfaction with politics-as-usual, and "change".[4][6] Biden also opposed giving amnesty to draft dodgers. Despite not supporting the legalization of marijuana, he said in a campaign ad that: "the possession of marijuana is a misdemeanor—a minor offense. The police should treat it that way, and devote the greater part of their efforts to heroin."[7]

During the summer, Biden trailed Boggs by almost 30 percentage points;[4] however, Biden's energy level, attractive young family, and ability to connect with voters' emotions gave him an advantage over the ready-to-retire Boggs.[8] John Marttila served as one of his consultants and had previously worked for Robert Drinan's campaign for the U.S. House of Representatives.[6][9] Biden's campaign was described as having "no money to speak of" and relied on position papers in newspapers and a few campaign advertisements on the radio.[6] One notable advertisement used by the Biden campaign was a brochure printed in newspaper format that contrasted the world view of the two candidates, e.g. (full page) "To Cale Boggs an unfair tax was the 1948 poll tax"; (opposite page) "To Joe Biden an unfair tax is the 1972 income tax."[10] On November 7, 1972, Biden upset Boggs by a margin of 3,162 votes.[6]

Biden varied his messaging during campaign events throughout the state as well. For example, in the southern parts of the state his pitch was: "thirty years ago, caring for the environment meant picking up bottles and beer cans on Rehoboth Beach ... and now it means saving the beach." In the northern parts of the state in the Wilmington area it was "in 1950, Cale Boggs promised to keep highways growing; in 1970 Joe Biden promises to keep trees growing."[7]

### Aftermath

[edit]

A few weeks later on December 18, 1972, Biden's wife and daughter died in a car crash which injured his sons.[11] Biden contemplated resigning the Senate seat and told his brother to talk with governor-elect Sherman W. Tribbitt on his successor. Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield persuaded Biden to stay in the Senate for at least six months.[12] Biden was sworn in at the hospital where his sons were recovering.[13] Biden held the seat until his election as vice president 36 years later.[14]

At the time of the 1972 election, Biden was 29 years old. He turned 30—the minimum age for a U.S. senator—on November 20, 1972, in time for the Senate term beginning January 3, 1973. At the commencement of his Senate term, Biden was the sixth-youngest U.S. Senator in history.[15]

A 2004 book contained a story, allegedly from Frank Sheeran, that in the week prior to Election Day, an unidentified lawyer approached Sheeran about preventing the distribution of the local paper because Senator Boggs was running an advertisement unflattering to Biden. Sheeran claimed that he organized a work stoppage, and that Teamsters truck drivers refused to cross a picket line, so the papers were not delivered.[16] The credibility of Sheeran's account has been called into question, although an article published in The New York Times on Friday November 3, 1972, does seem to confirm that a work stoppage took place four days prior to election day, preventing the delivery of a single Friday edition of local paper The Morning News.[17]

There were two other candidates in the 1972 Senate election: Henry M. Majka and Herbert B. Wood. Majka came from the American Party while Wood hailed from the Prohibition Party. Majka managed to receive 803 votes, or 0.3% of the vote, while Wood got 175 votes, or 0.1% of the vote.[18]

## Results

[edit]

1972 United States Senate election in Delaware[19] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Joe Biden | 116,006  | 50.48%  | +9.59%
| Republican | J. Caleb Boggs (incumbent)  | 112,844  | 49.10%  | −10.02%
| American | Henry M. Majka  | 803  | 0.35%  | N/A
| Prohibition | Herbert B. Wood  | 175  | 0.07%  | N/A
Total votes  | 229,828  | 100.00%  | N/A
| Democratic gain from Republican

### County results

[edit]

Biden successfully flipped both New Castle County and Kent County away from the Republican Party. This is the only time that Biden has lost Sussex County in his seven elections to the Senate. This would be the last time that Republicans won any counties for this seat until 2002 when Biden still comfortably won re-election.[20][21]

County  | Joe Biden

Democratic

| J. Caleb Boggs

Republican

| Henry M. Majka

American

| Herbert B. Wood

Prohibition

| Total votes cast  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|
|

#  | %  | #  | %  | #  | %  | #  | %  | #
Kent | 14,598 | 52.36% | 13,121  | 47.06%  | 140  | 0.5%  | 21  | 0.08%  | 27,880  | [22]
New Castle | 85,017 | 50.32% | 83,273  | 49.29%  | 532  | 0.31%  | 133  | 0.08%  | 168,955
Sussex | 16,391  | 49.68%  | 16,450 | 49.86% | 131  | 0.4%  | 21  | 0.06%  | 32,993
Totals  | 116,006  | 50.48%  | 112,844  | 49.10%  | 803  | 0.35%  | 175  | 0.22%  | 229,828

### Results by state representative district

[edit]

District  | Joe Biden

Democratic

| J. Caleb Boggs

Republican

| Henry M. Majka

American

| Herbert B. Wood

Prohibition

| Total votes cast  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|
|

District 1  | 3,398  | 3,481 | 17  | 10  | 6,906  | [22]
District 2  | 2,044 | 1,052  | 12  | 4  | 3,112
District 3  | 1,804 | 1,039  | 6  | 2  | 2,851
District 4  | 2,112 | 1,129  | 4  | 4  | 3,249
District 5  | 3,549 | 1,357  | 18  | 2  | 4,926
District 6  | 3,200  | 3,798 | 17  | 9  | 7,024
District 7  | 2,836  | 3,772 | 25  | 13  | 6,646
District 8  | 2,943 | 2,911  | 31  | 6  | 5,891
District 9  | 2,735  | 2,781 | 26  | 7  | 5,549
District 10  | 2,835  | 4,325 | 11  | 0  | 7,171
District 11  | 2,980  | 5,280 | 21  | 9  | 8,290
District 12  | 2,696  | 4,394 | 19  | 4  | 7,113
District 13  | 2,420  | 5,010 | 29  | 8  | 7,467
District 14  | 3,423  | 3,589 | 16  | 3  | 7,031
District 15  | 3,826 | 2,072  | 13  | 0  | 5,911
District 16  | 3,127 | 2,816  | 20  | 7  | 5,970
District 17  | 2,620 | 1,662  | 20  | 4  | 4,306
District 18  | 2,580 | 1,532  | 19  | 5  | 4,136
District 19  | 3,295 | 2,703  | 11  | 5  | 6,014
District 20  | 3,224 | 2,209  | 28  | 2  | 5,463
District 21  | 3,012 | 2,481  | 13  | 3  | 5,509
District 22  | 3,248  | 3,381 | 23  | 4  | 6,656
District 23  | 3,141 | 3,108  | 20  | 5  | 6,274
District 24  | 3,339 | 2,885  | 20  | 2  | 6,246
District 25  | 3,369 | 3,347  | 11  | 2  | 6,729
District 26  | 2,202 | 1,927  | 17  | 2  | 4,148
District 27  | 3,430  | 4,066 | 27  | 5  | 7,528
District 28  | 2,575 | 2,562  | 24  | 3  | 5,164
District 29  | 3,054 | 2,604  | 14  | 3  | 5,675
District 30  | 2,794 | 2,482  | 32  | 2  | 5,310
District 31  | 2,633  | 2,642 | 32  | 3  | 5,310
District 32  | 2,534  | 2,792 | 16  | 2  | 5,344
District 33  | 2,507 | 2,074  | 26  | 5  | 4,612
District 34  | 1,141 | 1,037  | 9  | 1  | 2,188
District 35  | 2,989 | 2,094  | 25  | 8  | 5,116
District 36  | 2,965 | 2,537  | 43  | 9  | 5,554
District 37  | 2,882 | 3,853  | 20  | 3  | 6,758
District 38  | 2,598 | 2,432  | 22  | 2  | 5,054
District 39  | 2,746 | 2,711  | 21  | 3  | 5,481
District 40  | 2,617 | 2,436  | 11  | 2  | 5,066
District 41  | 2,583 | 2,481  | 14  | 2  | 5,080
Total  | 116,006  | 112,844  | 803  | 175  | 229,828

## See also

[edit]

* 1972 United States Senate elections

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d Willis, Burton D. (January 1, 1973). "Official Results of General Election" (PDF). Delaware Board of Elections. p. 2. Retrieved March 17, 2025.
2. ^ Nagengast, Larry (2006). Pierre S. Du Pont IV (PDF). Deleware Heritage Press. pp. 23–24\. ISBN 9780924117329. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
3. ^ Harsanyi, David. "Opinion: Joe Biden is the luckiest politician in American history". The Detroit News. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
4. ^ a b c d Moritz, Charles (1987). Current Biography Yearbook 1987. New York: H. W. Wilson Company., p. 43.
5. ^ Broder, John M. (October 23, 2008). "Father's Tough Life an Inspiration for Biden". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved October 24, 2008.
6. ^ a b c d e Naylor, Brian (October 8, 2007). "Biden's Road to Senate Took Tragic Turn". NPR. Archived from the original on September 11, 2008. Retrieved September 12, 2008.
7. ^ a b Newell, Jim (June 11, 2019). "When Joe Biden Was the Candidate of the Young". Slate. Archived from the original on October 21, 2021. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
8. ^ Barone, Michael; Cohen, Richard E. (2008). The Almanac of American Politics. Washington: National Journal Group. ISBN 978-0-89234-117-7., p. 364.
9. ^ Schudel, Matt (November 10, 2018). "John Marttila, political strategist for Biden, Kerry and other Democrats, dies at 78". The Frederick News-Post (published November 11, 2018). Archived from the original on October 1, 2021. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
10. ^ Erickson, Bo (June 4, 2019). " "When a young Joe Biden used his opponent's age against him". CBS News.
11. ^ "Biden's Wife, Child Killed in Car Crash". The New York Times. United Press International. December 19, 1972. p. 9\. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 2, 2020. Retrieved January 8, 2021.
12. ^ Levey, Noam M. (August 24, 2008). "In his home state, Biden is a regular Joe". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2008.
13. ^ "Fact Check: Photo of Biden's 1973 swearing-in as senator shows son Beau, not Hunter". Reuters. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
14. ^ Lee, Carol E. (January 15, 2009). "Biden says goodbye to the Senate". Politico. Retrieved April 4, 2025.
15. ^ "U.S. Senate: Youngest Senator". Archived from the original on December 26, 2002. Retrieved February 16, 2018.
16. ^ Brandt, Charles (June 29, 2016). "I Heard You Paint Houses": Frank "the Irishman" Sheeran and Closing the Case on Jimmy Hoffa. Steerforth Press. ISBN 978-1586422387.
17. ^ "Wilmington Paper Halted In Strike by Truck Drivers". The New York Times. November 3, 1972. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on September 3, 2022. Retrieved September 17, 2022.
18. ^ Politics in America. Congressional Quarterly, Inc. 1979\. p. 169\. ISBN 9780871871480 - via Google Books.
19. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 7, 1972" (PDF). Clerk of the House of Representatives. p. 8\. Archived (PDF) from the original on June 10, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2012.
20. ^ Leip, Dave. "Senatorial General Election Map Comparison - Delaware". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Archived from the original on November 9, 2021. Retrieved April 4, 2025.
21. ^ "2002 General Election - Department of Elections - State of Delaware". Department of Elections. November 8, 2002. Retrieved April 26, 2025.
22. ^ a b Willis, Burton (January 1, 1973). "State of Delaware: Official Results of General Election" (PDF). Delaware Department of Elections (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on December 3, 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2021.

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See also: Political party strength in Delaware

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* State Antitrust Enforcement Venue Act
* Emmett Till Antilynching Act
* Inflation Reduction Act
* Medical Marijuana and Cannabidiol Research Expansion Act
* PACT Act
* National Defense Authorization Act
* Postal Service Reform Act
* Respect for Marriage Act
* Speak Out Act
* Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act

2023|

* COVID-19 Origin Act
* Fiscal Responsibility Act
* National Defense Authorization Act
* DCA agreement between Finland and the US

2024|

* ADVANCE Act
* Consolidated Appropriations Act
* National Defense Authorization Act
* National Security Act
* Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act

2025|

* Social Security Fairness Act

Policies|

* Cannabis
* COVID-19
* COVID-19 Advisory Board
* White House COVID-19 Response Team
* Economic
* Biden v. Nebraska
* Build Back Better Act
* Build Back Better Plan
* Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief Fund
* Electoral and ethical
* Presidential Commission on the Supreme Court
* Summit for Democracy
* Environmental
* 2021 Leaders Summit on Climate
* Executive Order 13990
* Foreign
* Geneva summit
* 2023 Chinese balloon incident
* AUKUS
* Camp David Principles
* Afghanistan withdrawal
* killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri
* War in Ukraine
* 2022 visit by Volodymyr Zelenskyy
* 2023 visit to Ukraine
* Gaza war
* Ankara prisoner exchange
* Relations with Iran
* Immigration
* A Proclamation on Securing the Border
* Social
* 2021 National Day of Unity
* Space

Timeline|

* Transition
* Inauguration
* security
* Celebrating America
* protests
* First 100 days
* 2021
* Q1
* Q2
* Q3
* Q4
* 2022
* Q1
* Q2
* Q3
* Q4
* 2023
* Q1
* Q2
* Q3
* Q4
* 2024
* Q1
* Q2
* Q3
* Q4
* January 2025
* Second Trump transition

* Classified documents incident
* White House cocaine incident
* Efforts to impeach
* House Oversight Committee investigation
* inquiry
* Executive actions
* proclamations
* Opinion polling
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024–2025
* Presidential trips
* international
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024–2025
* Death and state funeral of Jimmy Carter

Elections|

| U.S. Senate|

* 1972
* 1978
* 1984
* 1990
* 1996
* 2002
* 2008

|

Vice presidential|

* 2008 campaign
* selection
* convention
* debate
* election
* transition
* 2012 campaign
* convention
* debate
* election

Presidential|

* 1988 campaign
* primaries
* 2008 campaign
* primaries
* debates
* 2020 campaign
* endorsements
* celebrity
* organizations
* Congress
* state and territorial officials
* municipal officials
* primaries
* endorsements
* debates
* Unity Task Forces
* running mate selection
* convention
* debates
* election
* protests
* 2024 campaign
* withdrawal
* Democratic opposition
* primaries
* endorsements
* protest vote movements
* debate

Family|

* Edward Francis Blewitt (great-grandfather)
* Neilia Hunter Biden (first wife)
* Jill Biden (second wife)
* James Biden (brother)
* Valerie Biden Owens (sister)
* Beau Biden (son)
* Hunter Biden (son)
* Ashley Biden (daughter)
* Howard Krein (son-in-law)
* Hallie Olivere Biden (daughter-in-law)
* Kathleen Buhle (former daughter-in-law)
* Melissa Cohen Biden (daughter-in-law)
* Dogs
* Champ
* Major
* Commander
* Cat
* Willow

Writings|

* Promises to Keep
* Promise Me, Dad
* Tomorrow Will Be Different (foreword)

Speeches|

* Inaugural address (2021)
* Joint session of Congress (2021)
* State of the Union Address
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024
* Warsaw speech (2022)
* Battle for the Soul of the Nation speech (2022)
* Farewell address (2025)

Media
depictions|

* Confirmation
* The Choice 2020
* "Intro to Political Science"
* My Son Hunter
* "One Last Ride"
* The Onion's "Diamond Joe"
* Our Cartoon President
* Saturday Night Live parodies
* Spitting Image

Related|

* Age and health concerns
* Awards
* Beau Biden Cancer Moonshot
* Biden Foundation
* Biden Presidential Library
* Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory
* Buy a shotgun
* Eponyms
* Hunter Biden laptop controversy
* I Did That!
* Let's Go Brandon
* Public image
* Sexual assault allegation
* Situation Room
* Sleepy Joe
* 2019 Trump–Ukraine scandal

* ← Donald Trump →

* ← Dick Cheney
* Mike Pence →

* Category

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*[Ref.]: Reference(s)
*[FL]: Florida