1990 Vrancea earthquakes

Romanian powerful earthquake

1990 Vrancea earthquakes

Epicenter of main shock

UTC time| Doublet earthquake:
| 1990-05-30 10:40:06
| 1990-05-31 00:17:48
ISC event|
| 370780
| 370841
USGS-ANSS|
| ComCat
| ComCat
Local date| 30/31 May 1990
Local time|
| 13:40
| 03:17
Magnitude|
| 7.0 Ms(HRV) [1]
| 6.2 Ms (HRV) [2]
Depth| 89 km (55 mi)
Areas affected| Romania
Bulgaria
Soviet Union
(Moldova, Ukraine)
Total damage| 16 million US$ in Romania
2 million US$ in Bulgaria
2 million US$ in Moldova
24 million US$ insured losses in Romania
Max. intensity| MMI VI (Strong)
Landslides| Yes
Aftershocks| 80
Casualties| 14 dead, 362 injured

The 1990 Vrancea earthquakes were three earthquakes on 30 and 31 May 1990 with magnitudes of 7.0 Mw[3] and 6.2 Mw [4] that struck the Romanian county of Vrancea, on two consecutive days. Severe damage in the Bucharest-Brăila-Brașov area was reported and dozens of casualties in Romania and neighbouring Moldova, Ukraine and Bulgaria.

The seismic doublet of May 1990 consisted of two mainshocks occurred at a distance of only 13 hours.[5] The first mainshock took place in the afternoon of 30 May 1990, at 13:40:06 (local hour). The epicenter was located in the northeastern part of the Vrancea Mountains (45°54′N 26°54′E﻿ / ﻿45.9°N 26.9°E﻿ / 45.9; 26.9), at a depth of 89 km. The earthquake had a magnitude of MGR 6.7 or Mw 6.9, the intensity in the epicentral area being of VIII degrees on the Mercalli intensity scale, and VII degrees in Bucharest.[5] On the morning of 31 May 1990, at 3:17 (local hour), occurred the second mainshock, at a depth of 79–86 km, having the magnitude MGR 6.1 or Mw 6.3.[5] The event was felt in the epicentral area with an intensity of VII degrees on the Mercalli intensity scale, and VI degrees in Bucharest; likewise, the quake was felt strong enough in Dobruja.

In the USGS EXPO-CAT database it is estimated that during this earthquake 355,000 people were exposed to intensity VII, of which around 61% were in rural areas.

## Aftershocks[edit]

The first mainshock was followed by several aftershocks with magnitudes ranging between 3–4.5 degrees on the Richter scale, reported in the afternoon and evening of 30 May.[5]

On the morning of 31 May 1990 continued the replicas of the two mainshocks. Thus, at 7:48 (local hour) occurred a replica of magnitude 4.7, felt in Bucharest with an intensity of IV degrees on the Mercalli intensity scale. Other replicas of lower magnitudes continued to occur in Vrancea until the end of June 1990, in the depth floor of 70–90 km.[5] Secondary seismic movements, at the same depth, were recorded and later, until October 1990.

## Damage[edit]

Economic losses have been reported by Munich Re to be in the region of 30 million US$.[6] In Moldova, the earthquake caused damage to property worth 100 million rubles.[7]

## Casualties[edit]

According to data from the General Inspectorate of Police, the earthquake killed nine people. Two of the deaths occurred in Bucharest in the district of Colentina, when the heavy plasterboard of an 11-storey apartment block collapsed along the expansion joint, due to pounding between the two separate parts of the structure.[8] A total of 362 people were injured in total; 100 of them seriously.[8] The injuries and deaths occurred as a result of falling chimneys and falling debris.[8]

In Moldovan SSR, four people died, dozens were injured, and many buildings were damaged,[9] and in northern Bulgaria, one person died of a heart attack and extensive damage occurred.[10][9]

## See also[edit]

* List of earthquakes in 1990
* List of earthquakes in Romania
* List of earthquakes in Bulgaria

## References[edit]

1. ^ ISC-EHB Event 370780 [IRIS].
2. ^ ISC-EHB Event 370840 [IRIS].
3. ^ ISC-EHB Event 370780 [IRIS].
4. ^ ISC-EHB Event 370841 [IRIS].
5. ^ a b c d e "Cutremurele vrâncene din 30 și 31 mai 1990". Cutremur.net (in Romanian). 8 November 2012. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2014-09-21.
6. ^ "Vrancea area Romania 1990 (CAR)". GEM Earthquake Consequences Database. Archived from the original on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2014-09-21.
7. ^ Kouteva, M.; Panza, G. F.; Paskaleva, I.; Romanelli, F. (1 May 2004). "A view to the intermediate-depth Vrancea earthquake of May 30, 1990 - Case study in NE Bulgaria" (PDF). Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica Hungarica. 39 (2–3). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó: 223–231. doi:10.1556/AGeod.39.2004.2-3.7. S2CID 55895597.
8. ^ a b c Andrei Stoicu (31 May 1990). "Radiojurnalul Zilei - 31 mai 1990". Jurnalul Național (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2013-05-02.
9. ^ a b "Significant earthquakes of the world, 1990". U.S. Geological Survey. Archived from the original on 2013-05-07.
10. ^ Alina Neagu (25 April 2009). "Cele mai puternice cutremure din România ultimilor 100 de ani". HotNews.ro (in Romanian).

## Sources[edit]

* International Seismological Centre. ISC-EHB Bulletin. Thatcham, United Kingdom.
* ANSS. "Vrancea 1990a". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
* ANSS. "Vrancea 1990b". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.

## External links[edit]

* The International Seismological Centre has a bibliography and/or authoritative data for this event.

* v
* t
* e

← Earthquakes in 1990 →

* Bohol Sea (6.8, Feb 8)
* Upland (5.7, Feb 28)
* Bishop's Castle (5.1, Apr 2)
* Gonghe (7.0, Apr 26) †
* South Sudan (7.1, May 20) †
* Alto Mayo (6.6, May 29) †
* Vrancea (6.7, 6.2, 6.1, May 30/31)
* Panay (7.1, Jun 14)
* Manjil–Rudbar (7.4, Jun 21) † ‡
* Lenin Peak (6.4, Jul 13) †
* Luzon (7.8, Jul 16) †
* Carlentini (5.6, Dec 13)

† indicates earthquake resulting in at least 30 deaths
‡ indicates the deadliest earthquake of the year

* v
* t
* e

Earthquakes in Romania

* List of earthquakes in Vrancea County

Earthquakes|

* 1738 Vrancea (7.7)
* 1802 Vrancea (7.9)†
* 1838 Vrancea (7.5)
* 1901 Black Sea (7.2)
* 1940 Vrancea (7.7)
* 1977 Vrancea (7.4)‡
* 1986 Vrancea (7.1)
* 1990 Vrancea (6.9)
* 1991 Banat (5.7)
* 2014 Vrancea (5.7)

Related|

* Vrancea Zone [bg; ru; uk]

† largest Vrancea event ever occurred
‡ largest seismic losses ever experienced
*[Max.]: Maximum
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