1997 Ürümqi bus bombings

Part of the Xinjiang conflict

Location of Ürümqi in Xinjiang, China

Location| Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
Date| February 25, 1997 (1997-02-25)

Attack type

| Bus bombing
Deaths| 9 (including 3 children)
Injured| 28
Perpetrators| Uyghur separatists

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Xinjiang conflict

1930–1989

* Xinjiang Wars
* Kazakh exodus
* Yi–Ta incident

1989–2006

* Ürümqi (1989)
* Barin (1990)
* Ürümqi (1992)
* Gulja (1997)
* Ürümqi (1997)

2007–present

* Akto County raid (2007)
* Qaraqash County unrest (2008)
* Kashgar (2008)
* Shaoguan Incident (2009)
* Ürümqi (2009)
* Xinjiang (2009)
* Aksu (2010)
* Hotan (2011)
* Kashgar (2011)
* Pishan (2011)
* Yecheng (2012)
* Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
* Korla (2013)
* Bachu (2013)
* Shanshan (2013)
* Tiananmen (2013)
* Xinhe (2014)
* Kunming (2014)
* China–Vietnam border (2014)
* Ürümqi south railway station (2014)
* Ürümqi market (2014)
* Yarkant (2014)
* Juma Tayir assassination (2014)
* Luntai (2014)
* Bangkok (2015)
* Aksu (2015)
* Chinese Embassy in Bishkek (2016)
* Xinjiang internment camps
* Persecution of Uyghurs in China

On February 25, 1997, 3 bombs exploded on 3 buses (lines 2, 10, and 44) in Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China. 9 people were killed, including at least 3 children, and a further 28 were injured. Another 2 devices in the south railway station (the main station in Ürümqi) failed to explode. Steel balls, screws, and nails were found in the bombs.

Uyghur separatists had committed the bombings. Responsibility for the attacks was claimed and acknowledged by factions of certain diaspora Uyghurs.[1][2]

## Background

[edit]

Continuing tensions in Xinjiang have been a source of terrorism in China. Conflicts over Uyghur cultural aspirations resurfaced during the 1960s. In early February 1997, the execution of 30 suspected separatists[3] who had been involved in the organization of Meshrep[4] during Ramadan resulted in large demonstrations, culminating in the Gulja incident on February 5, where at least 9 protesters were killed.[5]

## External reference

[edit]

* 新疆遭遇的暴力恐怖事件(cn) Archived 2007-09-29 at the Wayback Machine
* 新疆曾遭遇暴力恐怖高峰(cn)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Lecturer in Modern Chinese History in the Department of East Asian Studies Michael Dillon; Michael Dillon (23 October 2003). Xinjiang: China's Muslim Far Northwest. Routledge. pp. 99–. ISBN 978-1-134-36096-3.
2. ^ James A. Millward (2007). Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang. Columbia University Press. pp. 333–. ISBN 978-0-231-13924-3.
3. ^ 1997 Channel 4 (UK) news report on the incident which can be seen here
4. ^ Amnesty International Document - "China: Remember the Gulja massacre? China's crackdown on peaceful protesters", Web Action WA 003/07 AI Index: ASA 17/002/2007, Start date: 01/02/2007 "China: Remember the Gulja massacre? China's crackdown on peaceful protesters". Retrieved 2013-05-05.
5. ^ "China Uighurs executed", BBC News, 27 January 1998

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Xinjiang topics

Ürümqi (capital)

History|

| Pre-Han dynasty|

* Tocharians
* Western Regions
* Loulan
* Shule
* Yuezhi
* Kucha
* Karasahr
* Xiongnu
* Gaochang
* Khotan

|

Han dynasty|

* Protectorate of the Western Regions
* Chief Official of the Western Regions
* Kingdom of Khotan
* Sixteen Kingdoms
* Gaochang
* Göktürks
* First
* Western
* Eastern
* Second

Tang dynasty|

* Protectorate General to Pacify the West
* Four Garrisons of Anxi
* Beiting Protectorate
* Tibetan Empire
* Uyghur Khaganate
* Qocho
* Kara-Khanid Khanate
* Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
* Qara Khitai

Yuan dynasty|

* Mongol Empire
* * Chagatai Khanate
* Moghulistan
* Kara Del
* Turpan Khanate
* Yarkent Khanate
* Dzungar Khanate
* Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
* Dzungar–Qing Wars
* Dzungar genocide
* Kumul Khanate

Qing dynasty|

* Qing rule
* Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
* Afaqi Khoja revolts
* Holy War of the Seven Khojas
* General of Ili
* Reconquest of Xinjiang

Republic of China|

* Xinjiang Wars
* First East Turkestan Republic
* Second East Turkestan Republic
* Ili Rebellion

PR China|

* PRC incorporation

Geography|

| "Three Mountains and Two Basins"|

* Altai Mountains
* Junggar Basin
* Dzungaria
* Tian Shan
* Tarim Basin
* Taklamakan Desert
* Kunlun Mountains

|

Other Landscapes|

* Cities
* Gurbantünggüt Desert
* Kumtag Desert
* Turpan Depression
* Karakoram Mountains
* Pamir Mountains

Transportation|

* Hexi Corridor
* Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
* Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway
* Southern Xinjiang railway
* Northern Xinjiang railway
* Jinghe–Yining–Khorgos railway
* Kuytun–Beitun railway
* Ürümqi–Dzungaria railway
* Hami–Lop Nur railway
* Kashgar–Hotan railway
* China Railway Ürümqi Group

Education
Research|

* Xinjiang University
* Xinjiang Agricultural University
* Xinjiang Medical University
* Xinjiang University of Finance and Economics
* Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory

Culture|

* Doppa Festival
* Music
* Meshrep gathering
* Muqam
* Tocharian clothing

Cuisine|

* Dapanji
* Nan
* Sangza
* Samsa
* Youtazi
* Pamirdin
* Xurpa
* Tunurkawab
* Chinese Islamic cuisine

Economy|

* Silk Road
* China Western Development
* Cotton industry
* National Cotton and Cotton Yarn Trading Center
* Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
* Xinjiang Free-Trade Zone

Visitor attractions|

* Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
* Flaming Mountains
* Jiaohe ruins
* Gaochang
* Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
* Id Kah Mosque
* Karakul Lake
* Kizil Caves
* Niya ruins

Related|

* Uyghur people
* Xinjiang conflict
* Migration to Xinjiang
* Altishahr
* Chinese Turkestan
* East Turkestan
* East Turkistan Government in Exile
* East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
* China–Afghanistan relations
* China–India relations
* China–Kazakhstan relations
* China–Kyrgyzstan relations
* China–Pakistan relations
* China–Tajikistan relations
* China–Turkey relations
* History of the Uyghur people
* Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism

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