1997 in spaceflight

Launch of the Cassini and Huygens spacecraft on a Titan IVB

Orbital launches
First| 12 January
Last| 24 December
Total| 89
Successes| 83
Failures| 3
Partial failures| 3
Catalogued| 86
National firsts
Satellite|  Philippines
Rockets
Maiden flights| M-V
Titan IVB
VLS-1
Taepodong-1
Retirements| Atlas I
Crewed flights
Orbital| 10
Total travellers| 51

* v
* t
* e

1997 in spaceflight

Timeline of spaceflight

<- 1996

1998 ->

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1997 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

## Cassini–Huygens launch

[edit]

This paragraph is an excerpt from Cassini–Huygens.[edit]

Launched aboard a Titan IVB/Centaur on October 15, 1997, Cassini was active in space for nearly 20 years, spending its final 13 years orbiting Saturn and studying the planet and its system after entering orbit on July 1, 2004.[1]

* v
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* e

Timeline of spaceflight

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2020s|

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* Future

## Orbital launches

[edit]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks

### January

[edit]

12 January
09:27  | Space Shuttle Atlantis |  | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance
STS-81 | NASA | Low Earth (Mir)  | Shuttle-Mir flight | 22 January
14:23 | Successful
SpaceHab LDM | NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Atlantis)  | Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
17 January
16:28  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-17A | Boeing IDS
GPS IIR-1 | US Air Force  | Intended: Medium Earth | Navigation | +12 seconds | Launch Failure
SRB structural failure caused rocket to explode; First flight of GPS Block IIR satellite
30 January
22:04  | Ariane 4 (44L)  |  | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace
GE 2 | GE Americom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Nahuel 1A | Nahuelsa | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### February

[edit]

10 February
14:09  | Soyuz-U |  | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-25 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Mir EO-23 | 14 August
12:17 | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
11 February
08:55  | Space Shuttle  Discovery |  | Kennedy LC-39A | United Space Alliance
STS-82 | NASA  | Low Earth (HST)  | Hubble Servicing Mission 2 | 21 February
08:32 | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
12 February
04:50  | M-V |  | Uchinoura  | ISAS
HALCA (MUSES-B)  | ISAS  | Medium Earth  | Astronomy | In orbit | Successful
Maiden flight of M-V; Mission concluded in November 2005
14 February
03:47  | Tsyklon-3 |  | Plesetsk Site 32 |
Gonets-D1 | Gonets SatCom | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gonets-D1  | Gonets SatCom  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gonets-D1  | Gonets SatCom  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2337 (Strela-3)  | MO RF | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2338 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2339 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
17 February
01:42  | Atlas IIAS |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36B | International Launch Services
JCSAT-4 | JSAT | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
23 February
20:20  | Titan IVB (402)/IUS |  | Cape Canaveral LC-40 | Lockheed Martin
USA-130 (DSP F18)  | US Air Force  | Geosynchronous  | Early warning | In orbit | Operational
Maiden flight of Titan IVB

### March

[edit]

1 March
01:07  | Ariane 4 (44P)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Intelsat 801 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
4 March
02:00  | Start-1 |  | Svobodniy Site 5  |
Zeya | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Communications | 25 October 1999 | Successful
8 March
06:01  | Atlas IIA |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36A | International Launch Services
Tempo 2 | TCI | Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Successful
Suffered damage from a solar flare in April 1997 and was retired on 15 August 2006.

### April

[edit]

4 April
16:47  | Titan 23G |  | Vandenberg SLC-4W | Lockheed Martin
USA-131 (DMSP 5D2 F14)  | US Air Force/NOAA | Sun-synchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Successful
4 April
19:20  | Space Shuttle  Columbia |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-83 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Microgravity research | 8 April
18:33 | Partial Failure
Spacelab Long Module 1 | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Spacelab MSL-1
EDO Pallet | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
Fuel cell failure caused the flight to be aborted. Re-flown as STS-94 later the same year.
6 April
16:04  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-34 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 2 July
06:31 | Spacecraft failure
Collided with Mir during rendezvous tests on 25 June, heavily damaging the station and permanently depressurizing the Spektr module.
9 April
08:58  | Molniya-M |  | Plesetsk Site 16/2 |
Kosmos 2340 (Oko)  | MO RF  | Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Operational
16 April
23:08  | Ariane 4 (44LP)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Thaicom 3 | Thaicom | Geosynchronous  | Communications | 2 October 2006 | Successful
BSAT-1A | BSAT | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Thaicom 3 deorbited after suffering severe power degradation.[2]
17 April
13:03  | Kosmos-3M |  | Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
Kosmos 2341 (Parus)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
21 April
11:59  | Pegasus-XL |  | Stargazer, Gando | Orbital Sciences
Minisat-01 | INTA | Low Earth  | Technology development | 26 February 2002 | Successful
Celestis Founders | Celestis | Low Earth  | Space burial | 20 May 2002 | Successful
25 April
05:49  | Atlas I |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36B  | International Launch Services
GOES 10 (GOES-K)  | NOAA  | Geosynchronous
Graveyard (after retirement)  | Meteorology | In orbit | Successful
Final flight of Atlas I, satellite retired and boosted to graveyard orbit on 1 December 2009.[3]

### May

[edit]

5 May
14:55  | Delta II (7920-10C)  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W | Boeing IDS
Iridium 8 | Iridium | Low Earth  | Communications | 24 November 2017[4] | Successful
Iridium 7 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 6 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 23 December 2017[5] | Successful
Iridium 5 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 4 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
11 May
16:17  | Long March 3A |  | Xichang LC-2  |
Zhongxing-6 (Chinasat-6)  | Chinasat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
14 May
00:33  | Molniya-M  |  | Plesetsk Site 43/4 |
Kosmos 2342 (Oko)  | MO RF  | Molniya  | Early warning | In orbit | Operational
15 May
08:07  | Space Shuttle Atlantis |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-84 | NASA  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Shuttle-Mir flight | 24 May
13:27 | Successful
SpaceHab LDM  | NASA/SpaceHab  | Low Earth (Atlantis)  | Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
15 May
12:10  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 31/6 |
Kosmos 2343 | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | 18 September | Successful
20 May
07:07  | Zenit-2 |  | Baikonur Site 45/1 |
Tselina-2 | VKS  | Intended: Low Earth  | ELINT | \+ 48 seconds | Launch Failure
Stage 1 engine failure
20 May
22:39  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-17A  | Boeing IDS
Thor-2 | Telenor | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 May
17:00  | Proton-K/DM-2M |  | Baikonur Site 81/23 | International Launch Services
Telstar 5 | Loral Skynet | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### June

[edit]

3 June
23:20  | Ariane 4 (44L)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Inmarsat 3F4 | Inmarsat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
INSAT 2D | ISRO  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
Insat 2D declared a total loss on 4 October 1997.
6 June
16:56  | Proton-K/DM-5 |  | Baikonur Site 200/39 |
Kosmos 2344 (Araks-N)  | MO RF  | Medium Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
10 June
12:01  | Long March 3 |  | Xichang LC-1  |
Feng Yun 2A | CASC | Geosynchronous  | Meteorology | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
Halted transmitting data in April 1998, resumed transmission but imaging system failed later that year in September.
18 June
14:02  | Proton-K/DM2 |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  |
Iridium 14 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 12 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 2 September 2018[6] | Successful
Iridium 9 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 March 2003 | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 10 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 6 October 2018[7] | Successful
Iridium 13 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 29 April 2018[8] | Successful
Iridium 16 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 11 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
25 June
23:44  | Ariane 4 (44P)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Intelsat 802 | Intelsat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### July

[edit]

1 July
18:02  | Space Shuttle Columbia |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-94 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Microgravity research | 17 July
10:40 | Successful
Spacelab Long Module 1  | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Spacelab MSL-1
EDO Pallet  | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Cryogenic mission extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts, reflight of STS-83
Final flight of Spacelab Long Module 1
5 July
04:11  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-35 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 7 October
17:23 | Successful
9 July
13:04  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 15 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 14 October 2018[9] | Successful
Iridium 17 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 20 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 18 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 19 August 2018[10] | Successful
Iridium 21 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
23 July
03:42  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-17A  | Boeing IDS
USA-132 (GPS IIR-2)  | US Air Force  | Medium Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
28 July
01:15  | Atlas IIAS  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36B  | International Launch Services
Superbird C | SCC | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### August

[edit]

1 August
20:20  | Pegasus-XL  |  | Stargazer, Vandenberg  | Orbital Sciences
Orbview-2 | GeoEye | Low Earth  | Earth imaging | In orbit | Operational
5 August
15:35  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-26 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Mir EO-24 | 19 February 1998
09:10 | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with two cosmonauts
7 August
14:41  | Space Shuttle Discovery |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-85 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Space sciences | 19 August
11:08 | Successful
CRISTA-SPAS-2 | DLR/NASA  | Low Earth  | Atmospheric research
MFD | NASDA | Low Earth (Discovery)  | Dextrous RMS demonstration
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
CRISTA-SPAS deployed 7 August and retrieved 16 August
8 August
06:46  | Ariane 4 (44LP)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
PAS 6 | PanAmSat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
Spacecraft failure occurred in April 2004
14 August
20:49  | Proton-K/DM-2 |  | Baikonur Site 200/39  |
Kosmos 2345 (Prognoz)  | MO RF  | Geosynchronous  | Early warning | In orbit | Successful
Retired on 1 January 1999
19 August
17:50  | Long March 3B |  | Xichang LC-2  |
Agila 2 | MPSC | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
21 August
00:38  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 26 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 25 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 14 May 2018[11] | Successful
Iridium 24 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 May 2019[12] | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 23 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 28 March 2018[13] | Successful
Iridium 22 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
23 August
06:51  | LMLV-1 (Athena I)  |  | Vandenberg SLC-6 | Lockheed Martin
Lewis | NASA  | Low Earth  | Earth observation | 29 September | Spacecraft failure
Control lost within three days of launch due to RCS design flaw.[14]
25 August
14:39  | Delta II 7920-8  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-17A  | Boeing IDS
ACE | NASA  | Earth/Sun L1 point | Magnetospheric research | In orbit | Operational
28 August
00:33  | Proton-K/DM-2M  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | International Launch Services
PAS 5 | PanAmSat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
29 August
15:02  | Pegasus-XL  |  | Stargazer, Vandenberg  | Orbital Sciences
FORTE | US Air Force  | Low Earth  | Ionosphere research | In orbit | Operational

### September

[edit]

1 September
14:00  | Long March 2C |  | Taiyuan LC-1  | CASC
Iridium MFS-1 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Boilerplate spacecraft | In orbit | Successful
Iridium MFS-2 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Boilerplate spacecraft | In orbit | Successful
2 September
22:21  | Ariane 4 (44LP)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Hot Bird 3 | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Meteosat 7 | Eumetsat | Geosynchronous  | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational
4 September
12:03  | Atlas IIAS  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36A  | International Launch Services
GE 3 | GE Americom  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
14 September
01:36  | Proton-K/17S40  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  |
Iridium 29 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 32 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 10 March 2019[16] | Successful
Iridium 33 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 10 February 2009 | Partial Failure
Iridium 27 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 1 February 2002 | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 28 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 30 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 28 September 2017[17] | Successful
Iridium 31 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 20 December 2018[18] | Successful
Iridium 33 destroyed in collision with Kosmos 2251[15]
23 September
16:44  | Kosmos-3M  |  | Plesetsk Site 132/1  |
Kosmos 2346 (Parus)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
FAISAT-2V | FAI | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
23 September
23:58  | Ariane 4 (42L)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Intelsat 803 | Intelsat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 September
21:30  | Molniya-M  |  | Plesetsk Site 43/4  |
Molniya-1T | MO RF  | Molniya  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
26 September
02:34  | Space Shuttle Atlantis |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-86 | NASA  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Shuttle-Mir flight | 6 October
21:55 | Successful
SpaceHab LDM  | NASA/SpaceHab  | Low Earth (Atlantis)  | Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
27 September
01:23  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 19 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 7 April 2018[19] | Successful
Iridium 37 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 26 May 2018[20] | Successful
Iridium 36 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 35 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 26 December 2018[21] | Successful
Iridium 34 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 8 January 2018[22] | Successful
29 September
04:47  | PSLV |  | Sriharikota FLP  | ISRO
IRS-1D | ISRO  | Sun-synchronous  | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational

### October

[edit]

5 October
15:08  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-36 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 19 December
13:20 | Successful
Sputnik-40 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth  | Amateur communications | 21 May 1998 | Successful
X-Mir | DASA | Low Earth (Mir)  | Inspect Mir | 2 October 1998 | Successful
5 October
21:01  | Atlas IIAS  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36B  | International Launch Services
Echostar 3 | EchoStar | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
9 October
17:59  | Soyuz-U  |  | Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
Foton 11 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth  | Microgravity research | 23 October | Successful
15 October
08:43  | Titan IVB (401)/Centaur |  | Cape Canaveral LC-40  | Lockheed Martin
Cassini | NASA  | Kronocentric Orbit | Saturn orbiter | 15 September 2017
10:31 | Successful
Huygens | NASA/ESA | Kronocentric Orbit  | Titan lander | 14 January 2005
12:43 | Successful
Cassini is the first spacecraft to orbit Saturn and Huygens is the first spacecraft to land on Titan.
Huygens released from Cassini on 25 December 2004.
16 October
19:13  | Long March 3B  |  | Xichang LC-2  |
Apstar 2R | APT | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
22 October
13:13  | Pegasus-XL  |  | Stargazer, Wallops Island  | Orbital Sciences
STEP-4 | US Air Force  | Low Earth  |  | 31 March 2001 | Successful
24 October
02:32  | Titan IVA (403)  |  | Vandenberg SLC-4E | Lockheed Martin
USA-133 (Lacrosse 3)  | NRO | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
25 October
00:46  | Atlas IIA  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36A  |
USA-135 (DSCS III F13)  | US Air Force  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
FalconSat Gold | USAFA | Geosynchronous transfer | Technology demonstration | 27 September 1998 | Successful
30 October
13:43  | Ariane 5G |  | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace
MAQSAT-H | ESA  | Geosynchronous transfer  | Boilerplate | In orbit | Successful
MAQSAT-B | ESA  | Geosynchronous transfer  | Boilerplate | In orbit | Successful
TEAMSAT | ESTEC | Geosynchronous transfer  | Technology development | In orbit | Operational
YES  | ESTEC  | Geosynchronous transfer  | Technolovy development | In orbit | Operational

### November

[edit]

2 November
12:25  | VLS-1 | V01 | Alcântara  | INPE
SCD-2A | INPE  | Intended: Low Earth  | Weather satellite | 2 November | Launch Failure
Maiden flight of VLS-1; First Brazilian orbital launch attempt
6 November
00:30  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-17A  | Boeing IDS
USA-134 (GPS IIA-19)  | US Air Force  | Medium Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
8 November
02:05  | Titan IVA (401)/Centaur  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-41 | Lockheed Martin
USA-136 (Trumpet 3)  | NRO  | Molniya  | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational
NRO Launch 4
9 November
01:34  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 43 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 February 2018[23] | Successful
Iridium 41 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 28 July 2018[24] | Successful
Iridium 40 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 23 September 2018[25] | Successful
Iridium 39 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 38 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
12 November
17:00  | Proton-K/DM-2M  |  | Baikonur Site 200/39  |
Kupon | RFCB | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
Onboard computer failed
12 November
21:48  | Ariane 4 (44L)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Sirius 2 | NSAB | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
IndoStar-1 | Indostar | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Astra 5A (Sirius 2) failed on 16 January 2009
18 November
11:14  | Soyuz-U  |  | Plesetsk  |
Resurs F-1M | Roskosmos  | Low Earth  | Remote sensing | 13 December | Successful
19 November
19:46  | Space Shuttle Columbia |  | Kennedy LC-39B  | United Space Alliance
STS-87 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Microgravity experiments | 5 December
12:20 | Successful
SPARTAN-201 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Microgravity research | Failure
EDO Pallet  | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Cryogenic mission extension pallet | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
Spartan failed to orient itself due to human error during deployment on 21 November; was retrieved on 25 November.
27 November
21:27  | H-II |  | Tanegashima LA-Y1 |
TRMM | NASA  | Low Earth  | Environmental research | 16 June 2015
06:55[27] | Successful
Hikoboshi (ETS-7)  | NASDA  | Low Earth  | Docking test | 13 November 2015[28] | Successful
Orihime (ETS-7)  | NASDA  | Low Earth  | Docking test | 13 November 2015[28] | Successful
The two ETS satellites docked on 7 July 1998[26]

### December

[edit]

2 December
22:52  | Ariane 4 (44P)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
JCSAT 5 | JSAT  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Equator-S | DLR  | Geosynchronous transfer  | Magnetospheric research | In orbit | Operational
12 November
17:00  | Proton-K/DM-2M  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | International Launch Services
Astra 1G | SES | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
8 December
07:16  | Long March 2C  |  | Taiyuan LC-1  | CASC
Iridium 42 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 44 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft Failure
8 December
23:52  | Atlas IIAS  |  | Cape Canaveral LC-36B  | International Launch Services
Galaxy 8i | PanAmSat  | Current: Graveyard
Operational: Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Successful
Retired in October 2002
9 December
07:17  | Tsyklon-2 |  | Baikonur Site 90/20 |
Kosmos 2347 (EORSAT | MO RF  | Low Earth  | SIGINT | 11 December 1999 | Successful
15 December
15:40  | Soyuz-U  |  | Plesetsk  |
Kosmos 2348 (Yantar)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | 14 April 1998 | Successful
20 December
08:45  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-37 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 15 March 1998
23:04 | Successful
20 December
13:16  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 45 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 46 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 47 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 1 September 2018[29] | Successful
Iridium 48 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 5 May 2001 | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 49 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 13 February 2018[30] | Successful
22 December
00:16  | Ariane 4 (42L)  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Intelsat 804 | Intelsat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
23 December
19:11  | Pegasus-XL/HAPS |  | Stargazer, Wallops Island  | Orbital Sciences
Orbcomm A1 | Orbcomm | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A2 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A3 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A4 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A5 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A6 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A7 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm A8 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 December
13:32  | Start-1  |  | Svobodniy Site 5  |
Early Bird 1 | EarthWatch | Low Earth  | Earth observation | 27 July 2000 | Successful
24 December
23:19  | Proton-K/DM-2M  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | International Launch Services
AsiaSat 3 | AsiaSat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Launch Failure
Upper stage failure; Performed lunar flyby to reduce orbital inclination and reach operational position.

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Suborbital launches

[edit]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks

### January

[edit]

15 January | R-29 |  | Submarine, Barents Sea | Russian Navy
| Russian Navy  | Suborbital | Missile test | 15 January | Successful
17 January
01:17  | LGM-30F Minuteman II |  | Vandenberg LF-03 | US Air Force
IFT-1 (EKV)  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM target | 17 January | Successful
29 January | Storm-2 |  | White Sands LC-32  | Orbital Sciences
MTTV | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Target spacecraft | 29 January | Failure
MTD-2 | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Weapons test
30 January | SR19 |  | C-130, NAS Point Mugu | US Air Force
AltAir (Have Gold)  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Test flight | +28 seconds | Launch Failure
Accidentally destroyed by range safety
30 January
07:30  | S-520 |  | Uchinoura Pad K  | ISAS
| ISAS  | Suborbital  | Technology development | 30 January | Successful
30 January
08:42  | LGM-30G Minuteman III |  | Vandenberg LF-26 | US Air Force
FOT GT163GB | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 30 January | Successful
31 January
01:55  | MR-12 |  | Kapustin Yar | AN RF
Flaksus-1 | APL | Suborbital  | Plasma research | 31 January | Successful

### February

[edit]

5 February
02:16  | MR-12  |  | Kapustin Yar  | AN RF
Flaksus-2 | APL  | Suborbital  | Plasma research | 5 February | Successful
7 February | R-17 Scud |  | Bigen Island, Aur Atoll | US Air Force
Willow Dune | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Target | 7 February | Successful
10 February
05:17  | Black Brant XII |  | Poker Flat | NASA
PHAZE 2 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 10 February | Successful
10 February
06:30  | Castor-Orbus |  | Nevada Test Site LA-26  | Sandia
| Sandia  | Suborbital  | Rocket test | 10 February | Successful
11 February
08:36  | Black Brant XII  |  | Poker Flat  | NASA
Auroral Turbulance 2 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Auroral/Ionosphere research | 11 February | Successful
12 February
21:00  | LCLV |  | Wallops Island | Orbital Sciences
MDT IV |  | Suborbital  | Target | 12 February | Successful
20 February | UGM-96 Trident I |  | Submarine, Eastern Range | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 20 February | Successful
20 February | UGM-96 Trident I  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 20 February | Successful
20 February | UGM-96 Trident I  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 20 February | Successful
20 February | UGM-96 Trident I  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 20 February | Successful
22 February | Castor 4B |  | Wake Island | Orbital Sciences
TCMP II |  | Suborbital  | Re-entry vehicle test | 22 February | Successful
23 February | Prithvi |  | Balasore | DRDO
| DRDO  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 23 February | Successful
23 February
10:06  | LCLV  |  | Wallops Island  | Orbital Sciences
MDT III |  | Suborbital  | Target | 23 February | Successful
26 February
20:00  | Black Brant IX |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Rocket test | 26 February | Successful

### March

[edit]

1 March | Castor 4B  |  | Wake Island  | OrbitalSciences
TCMP II |  | Suborbital  | Re-entry vehicle test | 1 March | Successful
6 March | Hera |  | White Sands LC-94  | US Air Force
| US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM Target | 6 March | Successful
6 March | THAAD |  | White Sands  | US Air Force
| US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM Interceptor | 6 March | Successful
13 March
10:20  | Black Brant IX  |  | Poker Flat  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 13 March | Successful
18 March
00:16  | UGM-133 Trident II |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 18 March | Successful
18 March | UGM-133 Trident II  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 18 March | Successful
19 March | R-17 Scud  |  | Bigen Island, Aur Atoll  | US Air Force
Willow Dune  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Target | 19 March | Successful
25 March
03:15  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 25 March | Successful
Studied Hale-Bopp comet
30 March
03:25  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
EUVS | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 30 March | Successful

### April

[edit]

6 April
03:25  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  |  | 6 April | Successful
8 April
03:55  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
WISP | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 8 April | Successful
17 April | R-36M |  | Baikonur  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 17 April | Successful
28 April
16:42  | VS-30 |  | Alcântara | INPE
AL-VS30-223 | DLR | Suborbital  | Test rocket | 28 April | Successful
30 April | RH-560/300 Mk.II |  | Sriharikota | ISRO
| ISRO  | Suborbital  | Test rocket | 30 April | Successful

### May

[edit]

2 May
07:30  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | X-ray Astronomy | 2 May | Successful
8 May
07:10  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Astronomy | 8 May | Successful
8 May
08:01  | LGM-118 Peacekeeper |  | Vandenberg LF-05 | US Air Force
9 re-entry vehicles  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 8 May | Successful
15 May
19:16  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
NCAR/CU-6 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy/Solar observation | 15 May | Successful
21 May
08:27  | LGM-30G Minuteman III  |  | Vandenberg LF-04 | US Air Force
FOT GT164GM/SHARP | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile and re-entry vehicle test | 21 May | Successful
23 May
21:44  | Terrier-Orion |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
MSX  | SMDC | Suborbital  | Target | 23 May | Successful
29 May
04:56  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Radio astronomy | 29 May | Successful
30 May | UGM-133 Trident II  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 30 May | Successful

### June

[edit]

10 June | UR-100NU  |  | Baikonur  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 June | Successful
18 June
14:02  | LGM-30G Minuteman III  |  | Vandenberg LF-10 | US Air Force
FOT GT165GM | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 18 June | Successful
24 June
03:39  | LGM-30F Minuteman II  |  | Vandenberg LF-03  | US Air Force
MSLS IFT-1A | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM target | 24 June | Partial Failure
Some decoys failed to deploy
24 June
04:00  | Payload Launch Vehicle |  | Meck Island, Kwajalein | Orbital Sciences
IFT-1A EKV  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM Test | 24 June | Partial Failure
Poor system performance; Non-destructive flyby

### July

[edit]

8 July
12:25  | RT-2PM Topol |  | Plesetsk Site 158 | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 8 July | Successful
9 July | KSR-II |  | Anhueng | KARI
| KARI  | Suborbital  | X-ray astronomy/Ionosphere research | 9 July | Successful
23 July | R-29  |  | Submarine, Barents Sea  | Russian Navy
| Russian Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 23 July | Successful

### August

[edit]

8 August
13:19  | Super Loki |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 8 August | Successful
8 August
13:24  | Terrier-Orion  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
COORS | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere/Aeronomy research | 8 August | Failure
8 August
16:29  | Black Brant VC |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere/Aeronomy research | 8 August | Successful
9 August
13:29  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 9 August | Successful
9 August
22:57  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 9 August | Successful
10 August
13:36  | Viper |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 10 August | Successful
10 August
21:30  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 10 August | Successful
11 August
13:38  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 11 August | Successful
11 August
13:43  | Viper  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 11 August | Successful
11 August
18:18  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 11 August | Successful
11 August
21:34  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 11 August | Successful
12 August
12:10  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful
12 August
12:15  | Viper  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful
12 August
12:26  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful
12 August
21:41  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 12 August | Successful
13 August
13:50  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 13 August | Successful
13 August
13:55  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 13 August | Successful
13 August
21:40  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  |  | 13 August | Successful
14 August
12:22  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 14 August | Successful
14 August
12:27  | Viper  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 14 August | Successful
14 August
21:53  | Viper  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 14 August | Successful
15 August
10:58  | Viper  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 15 August | Successful
15 August
20:25  | Super Loki  |  | Wallops Island  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 15 August | Successful

### September

[edit]

2 September
07:00  | Terrier-Orion  |  | Anna Plains | NASA
DUNDEE 1 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Target | 2 September | Successful
5 September
04:00  | Terrier-Orion  |  | Anna Plains  | NASA
DUNDEE 2 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Target | 5 September | Successful
10 September
02:00  | Terrier-Orion  |  | Anna Plains  | NASA
DUNDEE 3 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Target | 10 September | Successful
10 September
14:40  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Test rocket | 10 September | Successful
10 September
15:10  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 10 September | Successful
11 September
20:15  | Terrier-Orion  |  | Anna Plains  | NASA
DUNDEE 4 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Target | 11 September | Successful
17 September
08:01  | LGM-118 Peacekeeper  |  | Vandenberg LF-05  | US Air Force
7 re-entry vehicles  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 17 September | Successful
19 September
13:00  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 19 September | Successful
24 September | Storm-2 |  | White Sands LC-32  | US Air Force
MTTV-4 | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Target | 24 September | Successful
25 September
00:30  | TR-1 |  | Tanegashima LA-T  | NASDA
| NASDA  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 25 September | Successful
30 September
20:10  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
HRTS 10 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Solar research | 30 September | Successful

### October

[edit]

3 October
07:07  | RT-2PM Topol  |  | Plesetsk Site 158  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 3 October | Successful
4 October
18:30  | Castor-Orbus |  | Nevada Test Site LA-26  | Sandia
| Sandia  | Suborbital  | Test rocket | 4 October | Failure
10 October | UGM-133 Trident II  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | Royal Navy
| Royal Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 October | Successful
10 October | UGM-133 Trident II  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | Royal Navy
| Royal Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 October | Successful
12 October
16:42  | VS-30  |  | Andøya | INPE
AL-VS30-226 | DLR  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 12 October | Successful
16 October
19:00  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Solar research | 16 October | Successful

### November

[edit]

5 November
20:02  | Terrier-Orion  |  | Andøya  | NASA
Combined Sodium and Sporadic Layers | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 5 November | Successful
5 November
21:01  | LGM-118 Peacekeeper  |  | Vandenberg LF-02 | US Air Force
8 re-entry vehicles  | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 5 November | Successful
14 November
05:00  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
SCARI | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 14 November | Successful
17 November | Hera  |  | Fort Wingate LC-96  | US Air Force
MTV | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM Target | 17 November | Failure
18 November
19:35  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands LC-36  | NASA
SERTS-97 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Solar observation | 18 November | Successful
19 November | RT-23 |  | Nenoksa | RVSN
| Russian Navy  | Suborbital  | Test rocket | 19 November | Failure

### December

[edit]

2 December
08:42  | Black Brant IX  |  | SvalRak | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Plasma research | 2 December | Successful
3 December
09:06  | Black Brant IX  |  | SvalRak  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Plasma research | 3 December | Successful
18 December | UGM-133 Trident II  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 18 December | Successful

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Deep-space rendezvous

[edit]

Date (GMT)  | Spacecraft  | Event  | Remarks

|
|
|

20 February | Galileo | 2nd flyby of Europa |
5 April | Galileo | 3rd flyby of Ganymede |
7 May | Galileo | 4th flyby of Ganymede |
25 June | Galileo | 2nd flyby of Callisto |
27 June | NEAR | Flyby of 253 Mathilde | Closest approach: 1,200 kilometres (750 mi)
4 July | Mars Pathfinder | Landed on Mars | Location: Ares Vallis; first Mars rover and rover on another planet
11 September | Mars Global Surveyor | Areocentric orbit injection |
17 September | Galileo | 3rd flyby of Callisto |
6 November | Galileo | 3rd flyby of Europa |
16 December | Galileo | 4th flyby of Europa |

## EVAs

[edit]

Start Date/Time  | Duration  | End Time  | Spacecraft  | Crew  | Function  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|

14 February
04:34  | 6 hours
42 minutes | 11:16  | STS-82
Discovery | Mark C. Lee
Steven Smith | Swapped out the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph for the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer and replaced the Faint Object Spectrograph with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. Stowed the GHRS and FOS for return to Earth in the payload bay.[31] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing
15 February
03:25  | 7 hours
27 minutes  | 10:52  | STS-82
Discovery | Gregory J. Harbaugh
Joseph R. Tanner | Replaced a Fine Guidance Sensor and an Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with spare replacement units. Also installed the Optical Control Electronics Enhancement Kit.[32] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing
16 February
02:53  | 7 hours
11 minutes  | 10:04  | STS-82
Discovery | Mark C. Lee
Steven Smith  | Replaced a Data Interface Unit with a spare unit and replaced a reel-to-reel tape drive Engineering and Science Tape Recorder with a solid-state digital version. Also replaced one of the four Reaction Wheel Assembly units that help point the telescope at targets.[33] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing
17 February
03:45  | 6 hours
34 minutes  | 10:19  | STS-82
Discovery | Gregory J. Harbaugh
Joseph R. Tanner  | Replaced the Solar Array Drive Electronics package with a spare, also replaced the covers of the satellite's magnetometers. Installed thermal blankets over areas of degraded insulation.[34] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing
18 February
03:15  | 5 hours
17 minutes  | 08:32  | STS-82
Discovery | Mark C. Lee
Steven Smith  | Installed more thermal insulation on three more areas that had undergone degradation.[35] | Hubble Space Telescope servicing
29 April
05:10  | 4 hours
59 minutes  | 10:09  | Mir EO-23
Kvant-2 | Vasily Tsibliyev
Jerry M. Linenger | Installed the Optical Properties Monitor on the exterior of Kristall. Used the Strela crane to move to the Kvant-2 module. At Kvant-2 they retrieved two American experiments, the Partial Impact Experiment and the Mir Sample Experiment, from the Kvant-2 hull, and installed the Benton Radiation Dosimeter on Kvant-2.[36] | First use of the new Orlan-M space suit.
22 August
11:14  | 3 hours
16 minutes  | 14:30  | Mir EO-24
Transfer compartment of DOS-7 | Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov | Reconnected power cabling to the Spektr solar arrays, thus restoring part of the power lost in the collision. Although the spacewalkers were able to recover equipment and supplies from the module, they were not able to find the puncture hole.[37] | Internal EVA to inspect the damaged Spektr module
6 September
01:07  | 6 hours  | 07:07  | Mir EO-24
Kvant-2 | Anatoly Solovyev
/Michael Foale | Solovyev rode the Strela crane operated by Foale on the base block to Spektr to inspect for damage. Although an extensive documentation and search of Spektr, he was unable to find the hole. Before he returned to the airlock, Foale collected the radiation dosimeter installed outside earlier.[38] | Foale became the first person to conduct EVAs in both American and Russian spacesuits.[39]
1 October
17:29  | 5 hours
1 minute  | 22:30  | STS-86
Mir  Atlantis | Scott E. Parazynski
Vladimir Titov | Retrieved the four Mir Environmental Effects Packages from the docking module surface. Also installed the Solar Array Cap to the docking module, to be used to plug the hole in the Spektr module on a future EVA. To close out the EVA, the spacewalkers tested the Simplified Aid For EVA Rescue jet packs.[40] |
20 October
09:40  | 6 hours
38 minutes  | 16:18  | Mir EO-24
Transfer compartment of DOS-7 | Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov  | Attempted to install three control cables between the solar array servo motors to the special adapter plate that seals Spektr from the rest of Mir. After cleaning up some of the debris and loose items in Spektr, Solovyev was able to connect the three cables to the servos. But even after an effort that extended into the "emergency oxygen supply" of the Orlan space suits, Solovyev was only able to connect two of the cables to the adapter plate.[41] | Internal EVA to repair the damaged Spektr module
3 November
03:32  | 6 hours
4 minutes  | 09:36  | Mir EO-24
Kvant-2 | Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov  | Released a minispunik (mini-satellite) into orbit. The spacewalkers then dismantled the old solar panel MSB-4 on Kvant-1. They stowed the panel on the outside of the base block.[42] |
6 November
00:12  | 6 hours
12 minutes  | 06:24  | Mir EO-24
Kvant-2 | Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov  | Installed a new solar array on Kvant-1 to replace the panel removed on their previous spacewalk.[43] |
25 November
00:02  | 7 hours
43 minutes  | 07:45  | STS-87
Columbia | Winston E. Scott
Takao Doi | Captured the Spartan satellite by hand and secured it in the payload bay. Then the spacewalking team set up and tested a crane that will be used to construct the International Space Station.[44] | Doi became the first Japanese spacewalker.
3 December
09:09  | 4 hours
59 minutes  | 14:09  | STS-87
Columbia | Winston E. Scott
Takao Doi  | Conducted more testing and evaluation of the crane in the payload bay. They repeated many of the same crane motion tests with smaller objects than in the earlier EVA. During the EVA a small free-flying video camera was deployed to record the work.[45] |

## References

[edit]

* Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
* Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
* Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
* Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
* Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
* McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
* Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
* Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
* Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
* Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
* "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
* "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
* "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
* "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
* "Space Launch Plans". Novosti Kosmonavtiki.

Generic references:

* view
* talk
* edit

Spaceflight portal

### Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ Jonathan Corum (18 December 2015). "Mapping Saturn's Moons". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
2. ^ ":: Thaicom 3 ::". Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
3. ^ "NOAA Deactivates GOES-10 after 12 Years of Tracking Storms". NOAA. 2 December 2009. Archived from the original on 7 December 2009. Retrieved 3 December 2009.
4. ^ "IRIDIUM 8". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
5. ^ "IRIDIUM 6". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
6. ^ "IRIDIUM 12". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 22 February 2019. Retrieved 21 February 2019.
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* v
* t
* e

Timeline of spaceflight

* Spaceflight before 1951

1950s|

* 1950
* 1951
* 1952
* 1953
* 1954
* 1955
* 1956
* 1957
* 1958 (H1, H2)
* 1959 (H1, H2)

1960s|

* 1960 (T1, T2, T3)
* 1961 (H1, H2)
* 1962 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1963 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1964 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1965 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969

1970s|

* 1970
* 1971
* 1972
* 1973
* 1974
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979

1980s|

* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
* 1983
* 1984
* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989

1990s|

* 1990
* 1991 (H1, H2)
* 1992
* 1993
* 1994
* 1995
* 1996
* 1997
* 1998
* 1999

2000s|

* 2000
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

2010s|

* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018 (H1, H2)
* 2019 (H1, H2)

2020s|

* 2020
* 2021 (H1, H2)
* 2022 (H1, H2)
* 2023 (H1, H2)
* 2024 (H1, H2)
* 2025 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 2026
* 2027
* 2028
* 2029

* Future

* v
* t
* e

← 1996

Orbital launches in 1997

1998 →

* STS-81
* GPS IIR-1
* GE 2
* Nahuel 1A
* Soyuz TM-25
* STS-82
* Haruka
* Kosmos 2337
* Kosmos 2338
* Kosmos 2339
* Gonets-D1 #4
* Gonets-D1 #5
* Gonets-D1 #6
* JCSAT-R
* USA-130
* Intelsat 801
* Mozhayets 2
* Tempo-2
* STS-83
* USA-131
* Progress M-34
* Kosmos 2340
* Thaicom 3
* BSAT-1a
* Kosmos 2341
* Minisat 01
* Founders
* GOES 10
* Iridium 4
* Iridium 5
* Iridium 6
* Iridium 7
* Iridium 8
* Chinasat 6A
* Kosmos 2342
* STS-84
* Kosmos 2343
* Tselina-2
* Thor 2
* Telstar 5
* Inmarsat-3 F4
* INSAT-2D
* Kosmos 2344
* Fengyun 2A
* Iridium 9
* Iridium 10
* Iridium 11
* Iridium 12
* Iridium 13
* Iridium 14
* Iridium 16
* Intelsat 802
* STS-94
* Progress M-35
* Iridium 15
* Iridium 17
* Iridium 18
* Iridium 20
* Iridium 21
* USA-132
* Superbird-C
* OrbView-2
* Soyuz TM-26
* STS-85 (CRISTA-SPAS)
* PAS-6
* Kosmos 2345
* Agila 2
* Iridium 22
* Iridium 23
* Iridium 24
* Iridium 25
* Iridium 26
* Lewis
* ACE
* PAS-5
* FORTE
* Iridium MFS-1
* Iridium MFS-2
* Hot Bird 3
* Meteosat 7
* GE-3
* Iridium 27
* Iridium 28
* Iridium 29
* Iridium 30
* Iridium 31
* Iridium 32
* Iridium 33
* Kosmos 2346
* FAISAT-2V
* Intelsat 803
* Molniya-1T #98
* STS-86
* Iridium 19
* Iridium 34
* Iridium 35
* Iridium 36
* Iridium 37
* IRS-1D
* Progress M-36 (Sputnik 40, X-Mir)
* EchoStar III
* Foton #11
* Cassini (Huygens)
* Apstar 2R
* USA-133
* STEP-4
* USA-135
* FalconGOLD
* Maqsat-B
* Maqsat-H
* YES
* VLS-1 V01 (SCD-2A)
* USA-134
* USA-136
* Iridium 38
* Iridium 39
* Iridium 40
* Iridium 41
* Iridium 43
* Kupon
* Sirius 2
* IndoStar-1
* Resurs-F1M #1
* STS-87 (SPARTAN-201)
* TRMM
* Orihime
* Hikoboshi
* JCSAT-1B
* Equator-S
* Astra 1G
* Iridium 42
* Iridium 44
* Galaxy 8i
* Kosmos 2347
* Kosmos 2348
* Progress M-37
* Iridium 45
* Iridium 46
* Iridium 47
* Iridium 48
* Iridium 49
* Intelsat 804
* Orbcomm FM5
* Orbcomm FM6
* Orbcomm FM7
* Orbcomm FM8
* Orbcomm FM9
* Orbcomm FM10
* Orbcomm FM11
* Orbcomm FM12
* Early Bird 1
* AsiaSat 3

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in underline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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