1998 Commonwealth Games

Multi-sport event in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

XVI Commonwealth Games

Host city| Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Motto| Bersama-sama Gemilangkannya
(Together we'll glorify this moment)
Nations| 70
Athletes| 3638
Events| 214 in 15 sports
Opening| 11 September 1998
Closing| 21 September 1998
Opened by| Tuanku Jaafar
King of Malaysia
Closed by| Elizabeth II
Athlete's Oath| Shalin Zulkifli
Queen's Baton Final Runner| Koh Eng Tong
Anthem| Forever as One (Roy) Standing in the Eyes of the World (Ella)
Main venue| Bukit Jalil National Stadium

← XV

XVII →

The 1998 Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel 1998), officially known as the XVI Commonwealth Games (Malay: Sukan Komanwel ke-16), were a multi-sport event held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 1998 games were the first held in Asia and the last Commonwealth Games of the 20th century. For the first time ever, the games included team sports. The other bid from the 1998 games came from Adelaide in Australia.[1] Malaysia was the eighth nation to host the Commonwealth Games after Canada, England, Australia, New Zealand, Wales, Jamaica and Scotland. Around 3638 athletes from 70 Commonwealth member nations participated at the games which featured 214 events in 15 sports with 34 of them collected medals.[2]

## Host selection

[edit]

Kuala Lumpur was selected to stage the games at the General Assembly of the Commonwealth Games Federation in Barcelona, Spain during the 1992 Summer Olympics.[1]

1998 Commonwealth Games Bidding Results  City  | CGA Name  | Votes

|
|

Kuala Lumpur |  Malaysia | 40
Adelaide |  Australia | 25

## Preparation

[edit]

### Venues

[edit]

[3][4]

Kuala Lumpur

Selangor

Kedah

class=notpageimage|

1998 Commonwealth Games host stages

Kuala Lumpur
National Sports Complex, Malaysia
National Stadium Bukit Jalil

* National Stadium, Bukit Jalil – Opening/Closing Ceremony, Athletics (Track and field)
* Putra Indoor Stadium – Gymnastics
* National Aquatic Centre – Aquatics (Swimming, Diving, Synchronised swimming)
* National Hockey Stadium – Hockey (men)
* National Squash Centre – Squash

Bukit Kiara Sports Complex

* Juara Stadium – Netball
* National Lawn Bowls Centre – Lawn Bowls

Other venues

* Merdeka Square, Kuala Lumpur – Athletics (Marathon)
* Titiwangsa Lake Gardens – Athletics (Race walking (outdoor))
* Kuala Lumpur Badminton Stadium – Badminton
* Cheras Velodrome, Kuala Lumpur – Cycling (Track)
* Royal Military College, Sungai Besi – Cricket (Group stage)
* Victoria Institution – Cricket (Group stage)
* Tenaga National Sports Complex – Cricket (Group stage)
* Kelab Aman, Ampang – Cricket (Group stage, Bronze playoff)
* Kuala Lumpur Hockey Stadium, Pantai – Hockey (Women)

Selangor

* Mines Convention Centre – Weightlifting
* Shah Alam Circuit – Cycling (Road)
* Malawati Stadium, Shah Alam – Boxing
* Sunway Pyramid, Subang Jaya – Bowling
* Petaling Jaya Stadium, Petaling Jaya – Rugby
* Selangor state Development Corporation (PKNS) Kelana Jaya – Cricket (Finals)
* Rubber Research Institute, Sungai Buloh – Cricket (Group stage)

Kedah

* Langkawi International Shooting Range (Lisram) – Shooting

The athletes' village (Vista Kommanwel) with a capacity of 6,000 people is located beside the National Sports Complex in Bukit Jalil. It consists of three tower blocks of 30 storeys and six hillside blocks of 19 storeys with 1,300 condominiums and an International Shopping Zone. The International Broadcast Centre was constructed at Angkasapuri, Kuala Lumpur, while Mint Hotel (now Nouvelle Hotel) served as the Main Press Centre. stage broadcaster Radio Televisyen Malaysia was the host broadcaster of the event.[5]

### Opening ceremony

[edit]

The 16th Commonwealth Games opening ceremony took place on 11 September 1998 at 20:00 MST (UTC+08:00). During the ceremony, approximately 4,840 Soka Gakkai Malaysia volunteers displayed coloured flip cards which depicted sporting images, flags of the Commonwealth nations and messages that heralded the first games in Asia in the 68 years since their inception. The ceremony was preceded by a pre-show concert by Malaysian pop singers such as Noraniza Idris, Jamal Abdillah, Amy Search, Saleem, Zamani, Ella, Anuar Zain, Ziana Zain, Sheila Majid, Amy Mastura, Ning Baizura and Siti Nurhaliza, performance by local comedian Harith Iskander and 16 paratroopers who descended down the stadium.

The ceremony began with the arrival of dignitaries including the Chairman of Commonwealth Games Federation Michael Fennel, Prince Edward, Sultan of Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, the Yang Dipertuan Agong and Malaysian minister of Youth and Sports Muhyiddin Yassin. This was followed by the parade of nations — 69 participating nations, led by mascot Wira and previous games' mascots (Canada being the first country to come into the stadium as host country of the previous games, and Malaysia entering last as hosts).The Singaporean delegation was jeered by the crowd during the parade of nations.[6] Then came a performance about a Malaysian rainforest by 2,000 school children who dressed as birds, bees and flowers.[7]

After the performance, the Queen's message was delivered in the ceremonial baton, which had begun the final stages of its journey on the back of an elephant. 1978 Commonwealth Games badminton gold medal winner Sylvia Ng took the last lap with the baton and handed it off to Koh Eng Tong, a weightlifter who won a gold medal in weightlifting for Malaya in the 1950 British Empire Games, to take the final few feet to Prince Edward.

Contrary to tradition, the games were officially opened by the Malaysian head of stage, Yang di Pertuan Agong Tuanku Jaafar by striking the gong three times. A burst of fireworks and blurring of the giant bunga raya and a 16-gun salute which represents 1998 Commonwealth Games being the 16th-edition games, signified the beginning of the games.[8][9][10] The Commonwealth Games flag was then brought into the stadium raised to the theme song of the Games Forever As One written by local composer, Goh Boon Hoe. Malaysian bowler Shalin Zulkifli later take the oath on behalf of the athletes.

The ceremony concluded with a 40-minute performance, titled "Aur di Tebing" (Bamboo at the riverside) with the theme 'Unity towards Progress', which was conveyed through dance, music, and intricate human graphics. 2,000 performers swirled and danced carrying trays of bunga emas (golden flowers) on their heads during a mass silat display. The show told the Malaysian history from ancient Malacca to the present development in Malaysia, its political, economical and technological achievements as well as its people's vision of peace, prosperity and unity and lifestyle.[7]

### Closing ceremony

[edit]

The closing ceremony took place on 21 September 1998 at 20:00 MST (UTC+08:00). The attendees of the ceremony included Raja Permaisuri Agong, Tuanku Najihah, Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad and his wife, Commonwealth Games Federation President (CGF), Sir Michael Fennel; Commonwealth of Nations Secretary-general Chief Emeka Anyaoku; Minister of youth and sports Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin and Executive Chairman of Sukom Ninety Eight Berhad, Tan Sri Hashim Mohd. Ali.

The ceremony began with Queen Elizabeth and King Ja'afar's arrival in a limousine, for inspection of guards of honour of the Royal Malay Regiment. The British national anthem God Save The Queen was played followed by Malaysia's national anthem Negaraku. This was followed by a 3-part cultural performance led by a band performance by 400 school students from Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor and Kuala Lumpur followed by an upbeat song performance from local artist Jay Jay.

As the protocol says, a 15-minute presentation from Manchester, England, host city of the 2002 edition, was staged which included songs, videos and a live performance from the group New Order at the Albert Square, also the main moment was when message from British Prime Minister Tony Blair was delivered.

A contemporary farewell dance performance by local artists, featured Siti Nurhaliza and Noraniza Idris concludes the cultural performance. Soon afterwards, all the participants, flag-bearers and the volunteers march into the main ground of the stadium and Olympic council of Malaysia president Tan Sri Hamzah Abu Samah later declared the returning of the flags of all the participating nations.

Then the protocol was resumed and the 69 Commonwealth Games Associations flagbearers positioned themselves in a rostrum and the Commonwealth Games flag was lowered by the Malaysian armed forces. Next, the flag of the Commonwealth Games Federation is lowered by Malaysian Armed Forces personnel to the games theme song, Forever as one and is paraded around the stadium before being folded and handed over to the mayor of Kuala Lumpur, Tan Sri Kamarulzaman Sharif, who handed it over to the president of the Commonwealth Games Federation, Jamaican Michael Fennel.Fennel handed the flag to the Chief Citizen of Manchester city, Gordon Conquest. Following, the official speeches were delivered and Queen Elisabeth was invited to declare the Games closed. In a new protocol step, the Queen has withdrawn from the stadium alongside the King of Malaysia and other authorities, after the guard of honour march song has played, followed by Auld Lang Syne. The Prime Minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad, later made an announcement to declare 28 September 1998 as a national public holiday to commemorate the nation's success in hosting the games. The ceremony concluded with a concert performed by Six Commonwealth Top Singers representing the six regions of the Commonwealth Federation and local artists.[11][12][13]

## Participating teams

[edit]

Participating countries. Countries who made their debut at the games are coloured in purple.

Sixty-nine countries appeared at the 1998 Games. The only absent country was Nigeria, suspended from the Commonwealth due to the tyrannical dictatorship of Sani Abacha who had died earlier that year.[14]

Participating Commonwealth Games Associations

*  Anguilla (3)
*  Antigua and Barbuda (5)
*  Australia (311)
*  Bahamas (9)
*  Bangladesh (25)
*  Barbados (6)
*  Belize (11)
*  Bermuda (13)
*  Botswana (40)
*  British Virgin Islands (8)
*  Brunei (10)
*  Cameroon (19)
*  Canada (245)
*  Cayman Islands (2)
*  Cook Islands (2)
*  Cyprus (15)
*  Dominica (3)
*  England (265)
*  Falkland Islands (6)
*  Fiji (50)
*  Ghana (42)
*  Gibraltar (4)
*  Grenada (5)
*  Guernsey (14)
*  Guyana (19)
*  India (195)
*  Isle of Man (1)
*  Jamaica (28)
*  Jersey (8)
*  Kenya (103)
*  Kiribati (29)
*  Lesotho (34)
*  Malawi (10)
*  Malaysia (host) (240)
*  Maldives (12)
*  Malta (13)
*  Mauritius (2)
*  Montserrat (1)
*  Mozambique (17)
*  Namibia (21)
*  Nauru (4)
*  New Zealand (125)
*  Norfolk Island (5)
*  Northern Ireland (49)
*  Pakistan (54)
*  Papua New Guinea (37)
*  Saint Helena and Dependencies (3)
*  Saint Kitts and Nevis (2)
*  Saint Lucia (2)
*  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (5)
*  Samoa (16)
*  Scotland (110)
*  Seychelles (7)
*  Sierra Leone (30)
*  Singapore (71)
*  Solomon Islands (6)
*  South Africa (8)
*  Sri Lanka (47)
*  Swaziland (28)
*  Tanzania (40)
*  The Gambia (24)
*  Tonga (11)
*  Trinidad and Tobago (23)
*  Turks and Caicos Islands (4)
*  Tuvalu (8)
*  Uganda (14)
*  Vanuatu (1)
*  Wales (232)
*  Zambia (32)
*  Zimbabwe (38)

Debuting Commonwealth countries and territories

*  Cameroon
*  Kiribati
*  Mozambique
*  Tuvalu

## Calendar

[edit]

OC | Opening ceremony  | ● | Event competitions  | 1 | Gold medal events  | CC | Closing ceremony

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September  | 7th
Mon  | 8th
Tue  | 9th
Wed  | 10th
Thu  | 11th
Fri  | 12th
Sat  | 13th
Sun  | 14th
Mon  | 15th
Tue  | 16th
Wed  | 17th
Thu  | 18th
Fri  | 19th
Sat  | 20th
Sun  | 21st
Mon  | Events

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Ceremonies |  |  |  |  | OC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | CC | —
Aquatics  |  Diving |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 | 2 | 2 |  | 6
Swimming |  |  |  |  |  | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 |  |  |  |  | 32
Artistic Swimming |  |  |  |  |  | ● | ● | 1 | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2
Athletics |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 | 8 | 7 | 11 | 7 | 11 | 46
Badminton |  |  | ● | ● |  | ● | ● | 2 |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | 3 | 2 | 7
Bowling |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 | 1 | ● | 2 |  |  |  |  |  | 5
Boxing |  |  |  |  |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |  | 12 |  | 12
Cricket |  |  | ● | ● |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 |  |  | 1
Cycling |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 1 | ● | 2 |  | 1 | 3 | 2 | 3 |  | 13
Gymnastics |  |  |  |  |  | 1 | 1 | 2 |  | 10 |  |  | 1 | 1 | 4 | 20
Hockey |  |  | ● | ● |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |  | ● | 2 |  | 2
Lawn bowls |  |  |  |  |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |  | 6
Netball |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |  | 1 | 1
Rugby sevens |  |  |  |  |  | ● | ● | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1
Shooting | ● | ● | ● | ● |  |  | 5 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 4 |  | 31
Squash |  |  |  | ● |  | ● | ● | ● | ● | 2 | ● | ● | ● | 3 |  | 5
Weightlifting |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |  |  | 24
Daily medal events |  |  |  |  |  | 7 | 14 | 16 | 12 | 31 | 26 | 24 | 27 | 39 | 18 | 214
Cumulative total |  |  |  |  |  | 7 | 21 | 37 | 49 | 80 | 106 | 130 | 157 | 196 | 214
September  | 7th
Mon  | 8th
Tue  | 9th
Wed  | 10th
Thu  | 11th
Fri  | 12th
Sat  | 13th
Sun  | 14th
Mon  | 15th
Tue  | 16th
Wed  | 17th
Thu  | 18th
Fri  | 19th
Sat  | 20th
Sun  | 21st
Mon  | Events

## Sports overview

[edit]

The host nation achieved its best-ever haul of ten gold medals which has since been surpassed by its achievement in the 2010 Commonwealth Games, where Malaysia won twelve gold medals.

This is an edition marked by several unprecedented facts in the history of the Commonwealth Games. Not only because it is the first in Asia and the first that was not opened by a member of the royal family.And taking advantage of these factors, the Commonwealth Games Federation decided in 1994 that from this edition onwards, team sports could enter the Games program.As a result, the number of sports played rose from 10 to 16.The case studies determined that three team sports were eligible to become mandatory: field hockey (men and women), netball (women) and rugby 7's (men). Adding to aquatics (swimming) (athletics), boxing, badminton, cycling (road), weightlifting, and lawn bowls as compulsory sports. As decided also in 1994, the Organizing Committee could choose up to six sports from a list previously approved by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) and which reflect their respective popularity in the organizing country. And they were the following: aquatics (synchronized swimming and diving), cricket, cycling (track), gymnastics (artistic and rhythmic), and shooting sports. Another spot was reserved for squash, which was an evaluation sport and could become mandatory in the next edition. There was still a spot for a local sport and the organizers chose ten-pin bowling because of the local infrastructure. Which was included as an extra sport because of its popularity in the country and also because of infrastructure spending. However, there was some controversy surrounding the removal of wrestling that had been present in all previous editions because of its low popularity in Malaysia.[15]

In front of 20,000 fans at the Petaling Jaya Stadium, rugby sevens in particular were an enormous success with New Zealand collecting its 100th Commonwealth Games medal with a 21–12 win over plucky Fiji, (the reigning world champions). Man of the match was the giant Jonah Lomu who had worked tirelessly during the 10-minutes-each-way final. Led by veteran star David Campese, Australia took the bronze beating Samoa 33–12. In the squash event many had anticipated a close match between Michelle Martin and Sarah Fitz-Gerald who had both comfortably won their respective semi-finals. Fitz-Gerald had won the previous two years' World Opens and Martin the three prior to that and so it was with some surprise to many that Martin took the gold in three straight sets 9–0, 9–6, 9–5. Fitz-Gerald did avenge this defeat in the final of the world championship later that year, in what many people regard as the greatest women's final ever, coming back from 8–2 down in the fifth to retain her title.
Martin also teamed up with Craig Rowland to take the Commonwealth mixed doubles gold. Erika-Leigh Stirton took five of the six available gold medals in the rhythmic gymnastics only being beaten into second place in the team event in the hosts took gold.[16][17]

## Medal table

[edit]

Only the top ten successful nations are displayed here.

The ranking in this table is consistent with International Olympic Committee convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a "nation" is an entity represented by a Commonwealth Games Association). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically by their three-letter country code.[18][19]

Key

*   Host nation (Malaysia)

Rank| Nation| Gold| Silver| Bronze| Total

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1|  Australia| 80| 61| 57| 198
2|  England| 36| 47| 53| 136
3|  Canada| 30| 31| 38| 99
4|  Malaysia*| 10| 14| 12| 36
5|  South Africa| 9| 11| 14| 34
6|  New Zealand| 8| 6| 20| 34
7|  India| 7| 10| 8| 25
8|  Kenya| 7| 5| 4| 16
9|  Jamaica| 4| 2| 0| 6
10|  Wales| 3| 4| 8| 15
11|  Scotland| 3| 2| 7| 12
12|  Nauru| 3| 0| 0| 3
13|  Northern Ireland| 2| 1| 2| 5
14|  Zimbabwe| 2| 0| 3| 5
15|  Ghana| 1| 1| 3| 5
16|  Mauritius| 1| 1| 2| 4
17|  Cyprus| 1| 1| 1| 3
Tanzania| 1| 1| 1| 3
Trinidad and Tobago| 1| 1| 1| 3
20|  Bahamas| 1| 1| 0| 2
Mozambique| 1| 1| 0| 2
22|  Barbados| 1| 0| 2| 3
23|  Lesotho| 1| 0| 0| 1
24|  Cameroon| 0| 3| 3| 6
25|  Namibia| 0| 2| 1| 3
26|  Seychelles| 0| 2| 0| 2
27|  Sri Lanka| 0| 1| 1| 2
28|  Bermuda| 0| 1| 0| 1
Fiji| 0| 1| 0| 1
Isle of Man| 0| 1| 0| 1
Pakistan| 0| 1| 0| 1
32|  Papua New Guinea| 0| 0| 1| 1
Uganda| 0| 0| 1| 1
Zambia| 0| 0| 1| 1
Totals (34 entries)| 213| 213| 244| 670

## Marketing

[edit]

### Logo

[edit]

Wira, the orangutan, the official mascot of the games.

The logo of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an image of the national flower of Malaysia, the hibiscus (the bunga raya), the first games logo to introduce the colour yellow. (All previous logos had been red, white and blue to reflect the colours of the British Union Flag.) The red, blue, white and yellow colours represents the colours of the Malaysian national flag and Malaysia as a confident, young, dynamic nation. The yellow pollens represent the six regions of the world that includes the 68 Commonwealth member nations.

### Mascot

[edit]

The official mascot of the 1998 Commonwealth Games is an orangutan named Wira (Malay for "warrior" or "hero"). It is said that the orangutan is the largest and probably the most intelligent primate in Asia which lives in the tropical rainforests of Malaysia. The adoption of orangutan as a games' mascot is to represent the friendly personality of Malaysia as the games' host as well as the charm, intelligence, and sporting ability of the participating athletes.[20]

### Sponsors

[edit]

A total of 55 companies and organisations sponsored the games, including Malaysian state-owned enterprises.

* Astro
* Bank Bumiputra Berhad
* Canon Inc.
* DRB-HICOM
* Leopex Sporting Goods
* Kodak
* Malaysia Airlines
* MasterCard
* Maybank
* Pensonic Group
* Nestlé
* PepsiCo
* Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad
* Petronas
* Siemens
* Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme
* Faber-Castell
* Aramas Utama Holdings
* Extol Corporation
* Clipsal
* Electcoms
* Goldtronics
* Grace Distribution
* Permanis
* Macroworld
* Microsoft
* NetCard Corporation
* P.K. Electronics
* Royal Selangor
* Perodua
* Permodalan Nasional Berhad
* Selvex
* Sema Group
* Teknologi Ikram
* Unilever
* Konsortium Perkapalan Berhad
* Pos Malaysia
* Telekom Malaysia
* TH Alliance Asia Pacific
* Genting Group
* Sime Darby
* Antah Group
* Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange
* Malaysian Industrial Development Finance Berhad
* Colgate-Palmolive
* Island & Peninsular Berhad
* Sungei Way Group
* Ajinomoto
* Tenaga Nasional
* Chiyoda Corporation
* BP
* Tourism Publications Corporation
* IOI Group
* Golden Hope

## Medals by event

[edit]

### Aquatics

[edit]

Main article: Aquatics at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Athletics

[edit]

Main article: Athletics at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Badminton

[edit]

Main article: Badminton at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Boxing

[edit]

Weight  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

Light flyweight (48 kg)  | Sapok Biki
Malaysia | Moses Kinyua
Kenya | Boudik Kazanijian
Cyprus
Gary Jones
England
Flyweight (51 kg)  | Richard Sunee
Mauritius | Liam Cunningham
Northern Ireland | Phumzile Matyhila
South Africa
Jackson Asiku
Uganda
Bantamweight (54 kg)  | Michael Yomba
Tanzania | Herman Ngoudjo
Cameroon | Adnan Yusoh
Malaysia
Andrew Kooner
Canada
Featherweight (57 kg)  | Alex Arthur
Scotland | Marty O'Donnell
Canada | Lynch Ipera
Papua New Guinea
James Swan
Australia
Lightweight (60 kg)  | Raymond Narh
Ghana | Ali Asghar
Pakistan | Andrew McLean
England
Giovanni Frontin
Mauritius
Light welterweight (63.5 kg)  | Michael Strange
Canada | Gerry Legras
Seychelles | Casey Johns
Australia
Davis Mwale
Zambia
Welterweight (67 kg)  | Jeremy Molitor
Canada | Absolom Okoth
Kenya | Colin McNeil
Scotland
Lynden Hosking
Australia
Light middleweight (71 kg)  | Chris Bessey
England | Scott MacIntosh
Canada | James Tony
Ghana
Jackie Townsley
Scotland
Middleweight (75 kg)  | John Pearce
England | Jitender Kumar
India | Trevor Stewardson
Canada
Brian Magee
Northern Ireland
Light heavyweight (81 kg)  | Courtney Fry
England | Troy Amos-Ross
Canada | Samuel Odindo
Kenya
Charles Adamu
Ghana
Heavyweight (91 kg)  | Mark Simmons
Canada | Roland Raforme
Seychelles | Kevin Evans
Wales
Garth da Silva
New Zealand
Super heavyweight (over 91 kg)  | Audley Harrison
England | Michael Macaque
Mauritius | Justin Whitehead
Australia
Moyoyo Aloryi
Ghana

### Cricket

[edit]

Main article: Cricket at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

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|
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Men's cricket  |  South Africa |  Australia |  New Zealand

### Cycling

[edit]

#### Track cycling

[edit]

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

Men's 1000 m individual sprint | Darryn Hill
Australia | Sean Eadie
Australia | Barry Forde
Barbados
Women's 1000 m individual sprint | Tanya Dubnicoff
Canada | Michelle Ferris
Australia | Lori-Ann Muenzer
Canada
Men's 1000m track time trial | Shane Kelly
Australia | Jason Queally
England | Joshua Kersten
Australia
Women's 3000 m individual pursuit | Sarah Ulmer
New Zealand | Alayna Burns
Australia | Yvonne McGregor
England
Men's 4000 m individual pursuit | Brad McGee
Australia | Luke Roberts
Australia | Matt Illingworth
England
Men's 4000 m team pursuit |  Australia
Brad McGee
Brett Lancaster
Luke Roberts
Michael Rogers
Timothy Lyons |  England
Bradley Wiggins
Colin Sturgess
Jon Clay
Matt Illingworth
Robert Hayles |  New Zealand
Brendon Cameron
Greg Henderson
Lee Vertongen
Timothy Carswell
Men's 25 scratch race | Michael Rogers
Australia | Shaun Wallace
England | Timothy Carswell
New Zealand
Women's 24 km points race | Alayna Burns
Australia | Sarah Ulmer
New Zealand | Annie Gariepy
Canada
Men's 40 km points race | Glen Thomson
New Zealand | Rob Hayles
England | Greg Henderson
New Zealand

#### Road bicycle racing

[edit]

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
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Women's 28 km individual time trial | Anna Wilson
Australia | Linda Jackson
Canada | Kathy Watt
Australia
Men's 42 km individual time trial | Eric Wohlberg
Canada | Stuart O'Grady
Australia | David George
South Africa
Women's 92 km road race  | Lyne Bessette
Canada | Susy Pryde
New Zealand | Anna Wilson
Australia
Men's 184 km road race  | Jay Sweet
Australia | Rosli Effandy
Malaysia | Eric Wohlberg
Canada

### Gymnastics

[edit]

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

Women's balance beam | Trudy McIntosh
Australia | Zeena McLaughlin
Australia | Lise Leveille
Canada
Women's floor exercise  | Annika Reeder
England | Allana Slater
Australia | Zeena McLaughlin
Australia
Women's uneven bars | Lisa Skinner
Australia | Veronique Leeleve
Canada | Zeena McLaughlin
Australia
Women's vault | Lisa Mason
England | Trudy McIntosh
Australia | Annika Reeder
England
Women's all round individual  | Zeena McLaughlin
Australia | Allana Slater
Australia | Trudy McIntosh
Australia
Women's all round team event  |  Australia
Allana Slater
Katarina Frketic
Lisa Skinner
Trudy McIntosh
Zeena McLaughlin |  England
Annika Reeder
Gemma Cuff
Kelly Hackman
Lisa Mason
Melissa Wilcox |  Canada
Crystal Gilmore
Emilie Fournier
Katie Rowland
Lise Leveille
Veronique Leclerc
Men's floor exercise  | Andrei Kravtsov
Australia | Christian Brezeanu
South Africa | John Smethurst
England
David Phillips
New Zealand
Men's horizontal or high bar | Alexander Jeltkov
Canada | Kris Burley
Canada | Lee McDermott
England
Men's parallel bars | Andrei Kravtsov
Australia | Richard Ikede
Canada | Bret Hudson
Australia
Men's pommel horse | Andrei Kravtsov
Australia | Richard Ikede
Canada | Brennon Dowrick
Australia
Men's rings | Pavel Mamine
Australia | Andrew Atherton
England | Athol Myhill
South Africa
Men's vault | Simon Hutcheon
South Africa | Christian Brezeanu
South Africa | Bret Hudson
Australia
Men's all round individual  | Andrei Kravtsov
Australia | Andrew Atherton
England | Brennon Dowrick
Australia
Men's all round team event  |  England
Andrew Atherton
Craig Heap
John Smethurst
Lee McDermott
Ross Brewer |  Australia
Andrei Kravtsov
Brennon Dowrick
Bret Hudson
Pavel Mamine
Philippe Rizzo |  Canada
Alexander Jeltkov
Grant Golding
Kristan Burley
Peter Schmid
Richard Ikeda
Women's rhythmic clubs  | Erika-Leigh Stirton
Canada | Shaneez Johnston
Australia | Emilie Livingston
Canada
Women's rhythmic hoop  | Erika-Leigh Stirton
Canada | Thye Chee Kiat
Malaysia | Leigh Marning
Australia
Women's rhythmic ribbon  | Erika-Leigh Stirton
Canada | Shaneez Johnston
Australia | Carolyn Au Yong
Malaysia
Women's rhythmic rope  | Erika-Leigh Stirton
Canada | Leigh Marning
Australia | Thye Chee Kiat
Malaysia
Women's rhythmic all round individual  | Erika-Leigh Stirton
Canada | Leigh Marning
Australia | Shaneez Johnston
Australia
Women's rhythmic all round team  |  Malaysia
Carolyn Au-Yong
Chee Kiat Thye
El Regina Tajudin
Sarina Sundara Rajah |  Canada
Emilie Livingston
Erika-Leigh Stirton
Katie Iafolla |  Australia
Danielle Le Ray
Kristy Darrah
Leigh Marning
Shaneez Johnston

### (Field) Hockey

[edit]

Main article: Hockey at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Lawn bowls

[edit]

Main article: Bowls at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Netball

[edit]

Main article: Netball at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Rugby sevens

[edit]

Main article: Rugby sevens at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Shooting

[edit]

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

Men's 10m air pistol individual  | Mick Gault
England | Jaspal Rana
India | Greg Yelavich
New Zealand
Women's 10m air pistol individual  | Annemarie Forder
Australia | Christine Trefry
Australia | Tania Corrigan
New Zealand
Men's 10m air pistol pairs  | Nick Baxter and Mick Gault
England | Jaspal Rana and Satendra Kumar
India | John Rochon and Jean-Pierre Huot
Canada
Women's 10m air pistol pairs  | Annemarie Forder and Christine Trefry
Australia | Tania Corrigan and Jocelyn Lees
New Zealand | Kamisah Abdul Jalal and Suriani Othman
Malaysia
Men's 10m air rifle individual  | Chris Hector
England | Mohd Emran Zakaria
Malaysia | Zlatko Beneta
Australia
Women's 10m air rifle individual  | Nurul Huda Baharin
Malaysia | Sharon Bowes
Canada | Louise Minett
England
Men's 10m air rifle pairs  | Chris Hector and Nigel Wallace
England | Abdul Mutalib Abdul Razak and Mohd Emran Zakaria
Malaysia | David Rattray and Robin Law
Scotland
Women's 10m air rifle pairs  | Christina Ashcroft and Sharon Bowes
Canada | Belinda Muehlberg and Noemi Rostas
Australia | Louise Minett and Becky Spicer
England
Men's 25 m centre-fire pistol individual  | Jaspal Rana
India | Allan McDonald
South Africa | John Rochon
Canada
Men's 25 m centre-fire pistol pairs  | Jaspal Rana and Ashok Pandit
India | John Rochon and Metodi Igorov
Canada | Mike Giustiniano and Bruce Quick
Australia
Men's 50m free pistol individual  | Mick Gault
England | Francois Van Tonder
South Africa | Bruce Quick
Australia
Men's 50m free pistol pairs  | Nick Baxter and Mick Gault
England | David Moore and Bruce Quick
Australia | John Rochon and Jean-Pierre Huot
Canada
Fullbore rifle Queens prize open pair  | David Calvert and Martin Millar
Northern Ireland | James Paton and Alain Marion
Canada | David Davies and Christopher Hockley
Wales
Fullbore rifle Queens prize open individual  | James Paton
Canada | Mohd Zainal Abidin Mohd Zain
Malaysia | Andrew Luckman
England
Men's Olympic trap individual  | Michael Diamond
Australia | Ian Peel
England | Des Coe
New Zealand
Men's Olympic trap team  | Mansher Singh and Manavjit Singh
India | Michael Diamond and Ben Kelley
Australia | Bob Borsley and Ian Peel
England
Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol individual  | Metodi Igorov
Canada | Allan McDonald
South Africa | Bhanwar Dhaka
India
Men's 25 m rapid fire pistol pairs  | Mike Giustiniano and Pat Murray
Australia | Jason Wakeling and Alan Earle
New Zealand | Allan McDonald and André van Emmenis
South Africa
Men's skeet individual  | Desmond Davies
Wales | Joe Trinci
Canada | David Cunningham
Australia
Men's skeet pairs  | Costas Stratis and Antonis Nicolaides
Cyprus | Andy Austin and Drew Harvey
England | Douglas McCutcheon and Joe Trinci
Canada
Men's 50m rifle three positions individual  | Timothy Lowndes
Australia | Wayne Sorensen
Canada | Kenneth Parr
England
Men's 50m rifle three positions pairs  | Michael Dion and Wayne Sorensen
Canada | Les Imgrund and Tim Lowndes
Australia | Chris Hector and Kenneth Parr
England
Men's 50m rifle prone individual  | Stephen Petterson
New Zealand | David Moore
Australia | Gavin van Rhyn
South Africa
Men's 50m rifle prone pairs  | Gavin van Rhyn and Michael Thiele
South Africa | Philip Scanlan and Neil Day
England | Tim Lowndes and Warren Potent
Australia
Women's 50m rifle prone individual  | Roopa Unnikrishnan
India | Carrie Quigley
Australia | Sally Johnston
New Zealand
Women's 50m rifle prone pairs  | Carrie Quigley and Kim Frazer
Australia | Christina Ashcroft and Maureen Spinney
Canada | Susan Bell and Shirley McIntosh
Scotland
Women's 50m rifle three positions individual  | Susan McCready
Australia | Sharon Bowes
Canada | Roslina Bakar
Malaysia
Women's 50m rifle three positions pairs  | Sharon Bowes and Christina Ashcroft
Canada | Val Martin and Donna Potgieter
South Africa | Shirley McIntosh and Janis Thomson
Scotland
Women's 25m sport pistol individual  | Christine Trefry
Australia | Bibiana Ng Pei Chin
Malaysia | Kim Eagles
Canada
Women's 25m sport pistol pairs  | Christine Trefry and Annette Woodward
Australia | Tania Corrigan and Jocelyn Lees
New Zealand | Bibiana Ng Pei Chin and Norsita Mahmud
Malaysia

### Squash

[edit]

Main article: Squash at the 1998 Commonwealth Games

### Bowling

[edit]

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

Men's singles  | Kenny Ang
Malaysia, 6046 points  | Bill Rowe
Canada, 5946  | Warren Rennox
Canada, 5850
Women's singles  | Cara Honeychurch
Australia, 6406  | Maxine Nable
Australia, 6028  | Lai Kin Ngoh
Malaysia, 5920
Men's doubles  | Kenny Ang and Ben Heng
Malaysia, 3522  | Antoine Jones and Conrad Lister
Bermuda, 3329  | Michael Muir and Frank Ryan
Australia, 3229
Women's doubles  | Cara Honeychurch and Maxine Nable
Australia, 3678  | Lai Kin Ngoh and Shalin Zulkifli
Malaysia, 3548  | Pauline Buck and Gemma Burden
England, 3536
Mixed doubles  | Frank Ryan and Cara Honeychurch
Australia, 3605  | Richard Hood and Pauline Buck
England, 3560  | Bill Rowe and Jane Amlinger
Canada, 3536

### Weightlifting

[edit]

Event  | Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

Men's 56 kg snatch | Mehmey Yagci
Australia, 107.5 kg  | Arumugam K. Pandian
India 107.5 kg  | Matin Guntali
Malaysia, 105 kg
Men's 56 kg clean and jerk | Dharmaraj Wilson
India, 140 kg  | Arumugam K. Pandian
India 137.5 kg  | Matin Guntali
Malaysia, 135 kg
Men's 56 kg combined  | Arumugam K. Pandian
India, 245 kg  | Dharmaraj Wilson
India, 242.5 kg  | Matin Guntali
Malaysia, 240 kg
Men's 62 kg snatch | Marcus Stephen
Nauru, 125 kg  | Yurik Sarkisyan
Australia, 125 kg  | Ganapathy Gnanasekar
India, 117.5 kg
Men's 62 kg clean and jerk | Marcus Stephen
Nauru, 167.5 kg  | Yurik Sarkisyan
Australia, 157.5 kg  | Murugesan Arun
India, 155 kg
Men's 62 kg combined  | Marcus Stephen
Nauru, 292.5 kg  | Yurik Sarkisyan
Australia, 282.5 kg  | Murugesan Arun
India, 272.5 kg
Men's 69 kg snatch | Sebastien Groulx
Canada, 130 kg  | Stewart Cruickshank
England, 130 kg  | Tony Morgan
Wales, 130 kg,
Men's 69 kg clean and jerk | Muhamad Hidayat Hamidon
Malaysia, 167.5 kg  | Sebastien Groulx
Canada, 167.5 kg  | G. Vadivelu
India, 135.5 kg
Men's 69 kg combined  | Sebastien Groulx
Canada, 297.5 kg  | Muhamad Hidayat Hamidon
Malaysia, 295 kg  | Sandeep Kumar
India, 285 kg
Men's 77 kg snatch | Satheesha Rai
India, 147.5 kg  | Dave Morgan
Wales, 145 kg  | Damian Brown
Australia, 140 kg
Men's 77 kg clean and jerk | Damian Brown
Australia, 187.5 kg  | Satheesha Rai
India, 175 kg  | Alain Bilodeau
Canada, 167.5 kg
Men's 77 kg combined  | Damian Brown
Australia, 327.5 kg  | Satheesha Rai
India, 322.5 kg  | Alain Bilodeau
Canada, 305 kg
Men's 85 kg snatch | Stephen Ward
England, 157.5 kg  | Leon Griffin
England, 155 kg  | David Matam Matam
Cameroon, 147.5 kg
Men's 85 kg clean and jerk | Leon Griffin
England, 192.5 kg  | Stephen Ward
England, 187.5 kg  | David Matam Matam
Cameroon, 180 kg
Men's 85 kg combined  | Leon Griffin
England, 347.5 kg  | Stephen Ward
England, 345 kg  | David Matam Matam
Cameroon, 327.5 kg
Men's 94 kg snatch | Kiril Kounev
Australia, 165 kg  | Anthony Arthur
England, 152.5  | Simon Heffernan
Australia, 150 kg
Men's 94 kg clean and jerk | Kiril Kounev
Australia, 205 kg  | Andy Callard
England, 190 kg  | Simon Heffernan
Australia, 185 kg
Men's 94 kg combined  | Kiril Kounev
Australia, 370 kg  | Andy Callard
England, 340 kg  | Simon Heffernan
Australia, 335 kg
Men's 105 kg snatch | Akos Sandor
Canada, 167.5 kg  | Tommy Yule
England, 160 kg  | Nigel Avery
New Zealand, 155 kg
Men's 105 kg clean and jerk | Akos Sandor
Canada, 192.5 kg  | Tommy Yule
England, 190 kg  | Karl Grant
England, 187.5 kg
Men's 105 kg combined  | Akos Sandor
Canada, 360 kg  | Tommy Yule
England, 350 kg  | Nigel Avery
New Zealand, 340 kg
Men's 105+ kg snatch | Darren Liddel
New Zealand, 165 kg  | Giles Greenwood
England, 162.5 kg  | Christopher Rae
Australia, 160 kg
Men's 105+ kg clean and jerk | Darren Liddel
New Zealand, 202.5 kg  | Jean Bilong
Cameroon, 192.5 kg  | Christopher Rae
Australia, 192.5 kg
Men's 105+ kg combined  | Darren Liddel
New Zealand, 367.5 kg  | Christopher Rae
Australia, 352.5 kg  | Giles Greenwood
England, 352.5 kg

## See also

[edit]

* Sport in Malaysia

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Roper, Alexander. "The Bidding Games: The Games Behind Malaysia's Commonwealth Games". Academia.edu. Retrieved 30 September 2013.
2. ^ "Kuala Lumpur 1998". thecgf.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
3. ^ "The Official Kuala Lumpur 98 - 16th Commonwealth Games Website". kl98.thecgf.com.
4. ^ "The Official Kuala Lumpur 98 - 16th Commonwealth Games Website". kl98.thecgf.com.
5. ^ "The Official Kuala Lumpur 98 - 16th Commonwealth Games Website". kl98.thecgf.com.
6. ^ Jones, Terry (12 September 1998). "Opening ceremonies were as good as they get". Edmonton Sun.
7. ^ a b "Opening, closing programmes". Archived from the original on 16 October 2016.
8. ^ "1998 Commonwealth Games gloriously officiated". Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
9. ^ "XVI Commonwealth Games | Soka Gakkai Malaysia (SGM)". www.sgm.org.my.
10. ^ "Glittering Ceremony Marks Commonwealth Games Opening". Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
11. ^ "1998 Commonwealth Games" (PDF).
12. ^ "Malaysia made history 10 golds placed nation in fourth place". Archived from the original on 27 January 2018. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
13. ^ "Best Ever Commonwealth Games Comes To A Close". Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
14. ^ "CNN - Nigeria suspended from Commonwealth - Nov. 11, 1995". CNN. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013.
15. ^ Manchester 2002. "Manchester 2002 Bid Book" (PDF).`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)[permanent dead link]
16. ^ "Past Commonwealth Games". CGF. Archived from the original on 15 February 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
17. ^ "Successful People from Our Neighborhood - Erika-Leigh Howard (Stirton) - Rhythmic Gymnast". 6 August 2013.
18. ^ "Results". Archived from the original on 4 May 1999. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
19. ^ "Medal". Archived from the original on 22 December 2005. Retrieved 22 February 2019.
20. ^ "Games Operation". Official website.

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to 1998 Commonwealth Games at Wikimedia Commons
* Official website
* Official Kuala Lumpur 98 – 16th Commonwealth Games Website Archived 17 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine
* Unofficial site
* KL 98 Games Archives
* 1998 Games nine msn (now nine.com.au) Australia coverage site

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