1998 in paleontology

Overview of the events of 1998 in paleontology

List of years in paleontology

(table)

* … 1988
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* 1995
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* 2001

* 2002
* 2003
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* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008 …

In science
1995
1996
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2001

* Art
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*   * Literature
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* Philosophy
* Science+...

* v
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1998.

## Flora

[edit]

### Lycophytes

[edit]

#### Lycophyte research

[edit]

* Wehr (1998) reports, without description, Selaginella species spikemoss fossils occurring in the Eocene Okanagan Highlands Klondike Mountain Formation.[2]

### Angiosperms

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Type locality  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Palaeocarpinus pacifica[3]

Sp nov

Valid

Manchester & Chen

Paleocene
Danian

Malo-Mikhailovka Formation

Russia

A betulaceous fruit

## Fungi

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Type locality  | Country  | Notes  | Images

|
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Cryptodidymosphaerites[4]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Currah, Stockey, & LePage

Eocene
Ypresian

Allenby Formation
Princeton Chert

Canada
British Columbia

A hyperparasitic pleosporalean fungus of uncertain family affinity.
The type species is C. princetonensis
Its hosted by the phyllachoralean fungus Palaeoserenomyces allenbyensis

Palaeoserenomyces[4]

Gen et sp nov

valid

Currah, Stockey, & LePage

Eocene
Ypresian

Allenby Formation
Princeton Chert

Canada
British Columbia

A parasitic phyllachoralean fungus of uncertain family affinity.
The type species is P. allenbyensis
Its hosted by the fan palm Uhlia allenbyensis.
Its hyperparasitized by Cryptodidymosphaerites princetonensis

### Fungal research

[edit]

* Currah, Stockey, & LePage (1998) describe the a phyllachoralean "tar spot" parasitizing Uhlia palm leaves, and host for a hyperparasitic pleosporalean fungus. They note them to be one of the first occurrences of hyperparasitic relationships in the fossil record.[4]

## Arthropods

[edit]

### Newly named crustaceans

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Ursquilla[5]

Gen nov

Valid

Hof

Late Cretaceous (Campanian)

* Mishash Formation
* Amman Silicified Limestone Formation

Israel Jordan

| A mantis shrimp, type species is U. yehoachi (originally named as Eryon yehoachi in 1955).  |

Tyrannophontes acanthocercus[6]

Sp nov

Jr synonym

Jenner, Hof & Schram

Serpukhovian

Bear Gulch Limestone

USA

A mantis shrimp, moved to the genus Daidal (2007)[7]

### Newly named insects

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
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Acanthostichus hispaniolicus[8]

Sp. nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

Dominican Republic

A Dorylinae ant

|  Acanthostichus hispaniolicus

Aquarius lunpolaensis[9]

Comb nov.

valid

(Lin) Andersen

Miocene

Lunpola Basin

China

A water strider
Moved from Gerris lunpolaensis

Carabus neli[10]

Sp nov.

valid

Deuve

Turolian

Montagne d'Andance

France

A ground beetle

|  Carabus neli

Cylindromyrmex antillanus[11]

Sp. nov

Valid

De Andrade

Burdigalian

Dominican amber

Dominican Republic

A Dorylinae ant

|  Cylindromyrmex antillanus

Daniavelia[9]

Gen et sp nov.

valid

Andersen

Eocene
Ypresian

MØclay
Fur Formation

Denmark

A macroveliid water strider
The type species is D. morsensis

Electrovelia[9]

Gen et sp nov.

valid

Andersen

Eocene
Lutetian

Baltic Amber

Denmark

A riffle bug
The type species is P. baltica

Eocenometra longicomis[9]

Sp nov.

valid

Andersen

Eocene
Ypresian

MØclay
0lst/Fur Formations

Denmark

A marsh treader

Ledouxnebria[10]

Gen et sp nov.

valid

Deuve

Turolian

Montagne d'Andance

France

A ground beetle

|  Ledouxnebria brisaci

Limnoporus wilsoni[9]

Sp nov.

valid

Andersen

Eocene
Ypresian

Okanagan Highlands
Driftwood shales

Canada
British Columbia

A water strider

Palaeogerris[9]

Gen et 3 sp nov.

valid

Andersen

Eocene
Ypresian

MØ clay
0lst/Fur Formations

Denmark

A water strider
The type species is P. furensis
Also includes P. grandis & P. mikkelseni

Palaeometra[9]

Gen et sp nov.

valid

Andersen

Eocene
Ypresian

Fur Formation

Denmark

A limnobatodine water strider
The type species is P. madseni

Telmatrechus defunctus[9]

Comb nov.

valid

(Handlirsch) Andersen

Eocene
Ypresian

Okanagan Highlands
Quilchena site

Canada
British Columbia

A water strider
Moved from Gerris defuncta (1910)

## Brachiopods

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Type locality  | Country  | Notes  | Images

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Iridistrophia aliciae[12]

Sp nov

valid

Herrera, Salas & Giolitti

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

Argentina

A species of Iridistrophia

Iridistrophia dominans[12]

Sp nov

valid

Herrera, Salas & Giolitti

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

Argentina

A species of Iridistrophia

Iridistrophia magna[12]

Sp nov

valid

Herrera, Salas & Giolitti

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

Argentina

A species of Iridistrophia

Iridistrophia prima[12]

Sp nov

valid

Herrera, Salas & Giolitti

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

Argentina

A species of Iridistrophia

Eoschuchertella delicata[12]

Sp nov

valid

Herrera, Salas & Giolitti

Early Devonian

Talacasto Formation

Argentina

A species of Eoschuchertella

## Molluscs

[edit]

### Bivalves

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Pojetaia sarhroensis[13]

sp nov

Valid

Geyer & Streng

Early Cambrian

Anti-Atlas mountains

Morocco

Early Cambrian Fordillidae bivalve

## Echinoderms

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Alkaidia[14] |

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

* Del Rio Formation
* Paw Paw Formation
* Main Street Formation
* Grayson Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, type species is A. sumralli.

Altairia[14] |

Gen et comb nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

Paw Paw Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, type species is A. wintoni, originally named as Comptonia wintoni in 1920.

Betelgeusia[14] |

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

* Del Rio Formation
* Paw Paw Formation
* Grayson Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, type species is B. reidi.

Capellia[14] |

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

Paw Paw Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, type species is C. mauricei.

Crateraster texensis[14] |

Comb nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

* Paw Paw Formation
* Weno Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, originally named as Pentagonaster texensis in 1920.

Denebia[14] |

Gen et comb nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

* Paw Paw Formation
* Weno Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, type species is D. americana, originally named as Pentaceros americanus in 1920.

Fomalhautia[14] |

Gen et comb nov

Valid

Blake & Reid

Early Cretaceous (Albian)

Paw Paw Formation

* USA
( Texas)

A starfish, type species is F. hortensae, originally named as Metopaster hortensae in 1920.

## Amphibians

[edit]

### newly named anurans

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Rhadinosteus[15]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Henrici

Kimmeridgian

Morrison Formation

USA

A possible Rhinophrynidae frog

## Archosauromorpha

[edit]

### Dinosaurs

[edit]

* A paper in the journal Nature is published by Karen Chin and others announcing the earlier discovery of a "king-sized coprolite" attributed to Tyrannosaurus rex.
* Lourinhasaurus gastroliths documented.[16]
* Cedarosaurus gastroliths documented.[17]
* Caudipteryx gastroliths documented.[18]
* Volunteers from the Denver Museum of Natural History discovered Tony's Bone Bed in the Cedar Mountain Formation's Poison Strip Member.[19]

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[20]

Name  | Status  | Authors  | Location  | Notes  | Images

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Altirhinus[21] | Valid taxon  |

* David Norman

|  |

* Mongolia

|  |  Caudipteryx Cristatusaurus Gargoyleosaurus Gastonia Lourinhanosaurus Megaraptor Rahonavis ScipionyxShuvuuia Suchomimus TianzhenosaurusVariraptor Zuniceratops
''Augustia''  |

Preoccupied

* Bonaparte
* Zariquiey

|  |  |
Camposaurus[22] | Valid taxon  |

* Hunt,
* Lucas,
* Heckert,

* Sullivan, and
* Lockley

|  |
Caseosaurus[22] | Valid taxon  |

* Hunt,
* Lucas,
* Heckert,

* Sullivan, and
* Lockley

* USA ( New Mexico and  Texas)

Caudipteryx[23] | Valid taxon  |

* Ji Q.,
* Phillip Currie,

* Mark Norell and
* Ji S.

* China

Cristatusaurus[24] | Valid taxon  |

* Philippe Taquet

* Dale A. Russell

|  |
Eobrontosaurus[25] | Valid taxon. Now Synonym of Brontosaurus |

* Robert Bakker

|  |  |
Eolambia[26] | Valid taxon  |

* James Kirkland

|  |

* USA ( Utah)

Gargoyleosaurus[27] | Valid taxon  |

* Kenneth Carpenter
* Miles

* Cloward

* USA ( Wyoming)

Gastonia[28] | Valid taxon  |

* James Kirkland

|  |

* USA ( Utah)

Gongxianosaurus[29] | Valid taxon  |

* He,
* Wang C.,
* Liu S.,
* Zhou F.,

* Liu T.,
* Cai and
* Dai

* China

Histriasaurus[30] | Valid taxon  |

* Dalla Vecchia

|  |

* Croatia

Lourinhanosaurus[31] | Valid taxon  |

* Mateus

|  |

* Portugal

Lourinhasaurus[32] | Valid taxon  |

* Dantas,
* Sanz,
* Da Silva,

* Ortega,
* Dos Santos and
* Cachao

* Portugal

Megaraptor[33] | Valid taxon  |

* Novas

|  |

* Argentina

Nedcolbertia[34] | Valid taxon  |

* James Kirkland,
* Britt,
* Whittle,

* S. K. Madsen and
* Burge

* USA ( Utah)

Notohypsilophodon[35] | Valid taxon  |

* Martínez

|  |

* Argentina

Ozraptor[36] | Valid taxon  |

* J. A. Long and

* Ralph Molnar

* Australia

Protohadros[37] | Valid taxon  |

* Head

|  |

* USA ( Texas)

''Rahona''[38] | Preoccupied  |

* Forster
* Sampson

* Luis M. Chiappe and
* Krause

|  |
Rahonavis[39] | Valid taxon  |

* Forster,
* Sampson,

* Luis M. Chiappe and
* Krause

* Madagascar

Scipionyx[40] | Valid taxon  |

* Dal Sasso and

* Signore

* Italy

Shanxia[41] | Valid taxon  |

* Barrett,
* You,

* Upchurch and
* Burton

* China

Shuvuuia[42] | Valid taxon  |

* Luis M. Chiappe,
* Mark Norell and

* Clark

* Mongolia

Sonorasaurus[43] | Valid taxon  |

* Ratkevich,
* Sidor,
* Varricchio,

* G. P. Wilson and
* Jeffrey A. Wilson.

* USA ( Arizona)

|  |
Suchomimus | Valid taxon  | An African spinosaurs  | Sereno et al. 1998  |

* Niger

Tianzhenosaurus[44] | Valid taxon  |

* Pang and

* Cheng Z.

* China

Variraptor[45] | Valid taxon  |

* Le Loeuff and

* Buffetaut

* France

Zuniceratops[46] | Valid taxon  |

* Wolfe and

* James Kirkland

* USA ( New Mexico)

### Newly named birds

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
|
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|

Abavornis bonapartei [47]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Andrei V. Panteleyev

Late Cretaceous

Coniacian,

Bissekty Formation

Uzbekistan

An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.

Actitis balcanica [48]

Sp. nov.

Valid ?

Zlatozar N. Boev

Late Pliocene

MN 17

Bulgaria

A Scolopacidae?, the holotypical tarsometatarsus looks more like a Charadriidae.

Aizenogyps toomeyae [49]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Steven D. Emslie

Late Pliocene

Late Blancan

USA:

Florida

A Cathartidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Anhinga beckeri [49]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Steven D. Emslie

Early Pliocene

Late-Early Irvingtonian

USA:

Florida

An Anhingidae.

Basityto rummeli [50]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Jiří Mlíkovský

Early Miocene

MN 2-3

Germany:

Bavaria

A Gruidae, transferred to the genus Balearica by Mourer-Chauviré in 2001,[51] this is the type species of the new genus.

Buteo sanya [52]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Hou Lianhai

Late Pleistocene

Cave Deposits

China

An Accipitridae.

Buteo spassovi [53]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Zlatozar N. Boev

Late Miocene

MN 11-12

Bulgaria

An Accipitridae.

Catenoleimus anachoretus [47]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Andrei V. Panteleyev

Late Cretaceous

Coniacian

Uzbekistan

An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, Euenantiornithes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus.

Chloephaga robusta [54]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Claudia P. Tambussi

Middle-Late Pliocene

Irene Formation

Argentina

An Anatidae.

Coccothraustes balcanicus [55]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Zlatozar N. Boev

Late Pliocene

MN 18

Bulgaria

A Fringillidae.

Coccothraustes simeonovi [55]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Zlatozar N. Boev

Late Pliocene

MN 17

Bulgaria

A Fringillidae.

Diamantornis spaggiarii [56]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Brigitte Senut

Yannicke Dauphin

Martin Pickford

Early Middle Miocene

Karingarab

Namibia

A Struthionidae, eggshells.

Explorornis nessovi [47]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Andrei V. Panteleyev

Late Cretaceous

Coniacian,

Bissekty Formation

Uzbekistan

An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.

Gargantuavis philoinos [57]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Eric Buffetaut

Jean Le Loeuff

Late Cretaceous

Late Campanian-Early Maastrichtian,

Marnes de la Maurine Formation

France

An Ornithothoraces, this is the type species of the new genus.

Gavia schultzi [58]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Jiří Mlíkovský

Middle Miocene

MN 7

Austria:

Burgenland

A Gaviidae.

Geronticus balcanicus [59]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Zlatozar N. Boev

Late Pliocene,

MN 18

Slivnica

Bulgaria

A Threskiornithidae.

Glaucidium explorator [49]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Steven D. Emslie

Late Pliocene

Florida

USA:

Florida

A Strigidae.

Gracilitarsus mirabilis [60]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A Piciformes, Gracilitarsidae G. Mayr, 2001, this is the type species of the new genus.

Hassiavis laticauda [61]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

An Apodiformes, ?Archaeotrogonidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1980, this is the type species of the new genus.

Incolornis silvae [47]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Andrei V. Panteleyev

Late Cretaceous

Coniacian,

Bissekty Formation

Uzbekistan

An Alexornithidae Brodkorb, 1976, this is the type species of the new genus.

Intulula tinnipara [62]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Jirí Mlíkovský

Early Miocene

MN 2a

Czech Republic;

Germany:

Bavaria

A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Masillacolius brevidactylus [63]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Dieter S. Peters

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A Coliidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Messelirrisor halcyrostris [60]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979.

Messelirrisor parvus [60]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979, this is the type species of the new genus.

Mioglaux debellatrix [62]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Jirí Mlíkovský

Early Miocene

MN 3

Czech Republic

A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Miopico benimellalensis [60]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Miocene

Beni Mellal

Morocco

A Miopiconidae G. Mayr, 1998, this is the type species of the new genus.

Palaelodus pledgei [64]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Robert F. Baird

Patricia Vickers Rich

Late Oligocene \- Middle Miocene

Etadunna Formation

Australia:

South Australia

A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885.

Palaelodus wilsoni [64]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Robert F. Baird

Patricia Vickers Rich

Late Oligocene \- Middle Miocene

Etadunna Formation

Australia:

South Australia

A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885.

?Primozygodactylus ballmanni [60]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, not surely a Primozygodactylus.

Primozygodactylus danielsi [60]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971, this is the type species of the new genus.

Primozygodactylus major [60]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A Zygodactylidae Brodkorb, 1971.

Pseudastur macrocephalus [65]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A Halcyornithidae Harrison et Walker, 1972. The genus Pseudastur is preoccupied and replaced by Pseudasturides Mayr, 2004, this is the type species of both genera.[66]

Psittacopes lepidus [67]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

ppMichael Daniels

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

A stem Psittaciformes, this is the type species of the new genus.

Quasisyndactylus longibrachis [68]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

Germany:

Hessen

An Alcediniformes Incertae Sedis, this is the type species of the new genus.

Rostratula pulia [69]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Jíří Mlíkovský

Early Miocene

MN 4b

Czech Republic

A Rostratulidae.

Scolopax hutchensi [49]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Steven D. Emslie

Late Pliocene

Florida

USA:

Florida

A Scolopacidae.

Struthio karingarabensis [56]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Brigitte Senut

Yannicke Dauphin

Martin Pickford

Early Miocene

Karingarab

Namibia

A Struthionidae, eggshells.

Tetrao rhodopensis [70]

Sp. nov.

Valid

Zlatozar N. Boev

Early Pliocene

MN 14

Bulgaria

A Phasianidae.

Xenopsitta fejfari [71]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Jiří Mlíkovský

Early Miocene

MN 3

Czech Republic

A Psittacidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

## Pterosaurs

[edit]

### New taxa

[edit]

|  |

|
|

| Name  | Status  | Authors  | Notes

|
|
|

"Dendrorhynchus"

Valid

Ji S.-A. Ji Q.

|  |

Normannognathus

Valid

Buffetaut Lepage, J.-J. Lepage, G.

|  |
|  |

## References

[edit]

* Paleontology portal

1. ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
2. ^ Wehr, W. "Middle Eocene insects and plants of the Okanogan Highlands". In Martin, J. (ed.). Contributions to the Paleontology and Geology of the West Coast. Seattle, Washington: University of Washington Press. pp. 99–109.
3. ^ Akhmet'ev, M.A.; Golovneva, L.B. (1998). "New data on composition and age of Malomikhailovka flora from the Upper Cretaceous of the Amur River lower courses". Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation. 6 (3): 249–261.
4. ^ a b c Currah, R.S.; Stockey, R.A.; LePage, B.A. (1998). "An Eocene tar spot on a fossil palm and its fungal hyperparasite". Mycologia. 90 (4): 667–673\. doi:10.1080/00275514.1998.12026955.
5. ^ Hof, Cees H.J. (1998). "Late Cretaceous stomatopods (Crustacea, Malacostraca) from Israel and Jordan". Contributions to Zoology. 67 (4): 257–266\. doi:10.1163/18759866-06704003. ISSN 1383-4517.
6. ^ Jenner, Ronald A.; Hof, Cees H. J.; Schram, Frederick R. (1998). "Palaeo- and archaeostomatopods (Hoplocarida, Crustacea) from the Bear Gulch Limestone, Mississippian (Namurian), of central Montana". Contributions to Zoology. 67 (3): 155. ISSN 1383-4517.
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* Dantas, P.M., Freitas, C., Azevedo, T. Sanz, J.L., Galopim de Carvalho, A.M., Santos, D., Ortega, F., Santos, V., Sanz, J.L., Silva, C.M. & Cachão, M. (1998). Estudo dos Gastrólitos do Dinossáurio Lourinhasaurus do Jurássico Superior Português. Actas do V Congresso Nacional de Geologia. 84 (1): A87-A90.
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