1st Canadian Parliament

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1st Parliament of Canada

1st Parliament of Canada

Majority parliament
24 September 1867 - 8 July 1872
Parliament leaders
Prime
Minister| Rt. Hon. Sir John A. Macdonald
July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873
Cabinet| 1st Canadian Ministry
Party caucuses
Government| Conservative Party
& Liberal-Conservative
Opposition| Liberal Party
Crossbench| Anti-Confederation Party
House of Commons

Seating arrangements of the House of Commons
Speaker of the
Commons| Hon. James Cockburn
November 6, 1867 – March 25, 1874
Members| 180 MP seats
List of members
Senate
Speaker of the
Senate| The Hon. Joseph-Édouard Cauchon
November 5, 1867 – May 16, 1869
Government
Senate Leader| Alexander Campbell
July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873
Opposition
Senate Leader| Luc Letellier de St-Just
July 1, 1867 – November 5, 1873
Senators| 72 senator seats
List of senators
Sovereign
Monarch| Victoria
1 July 1867 – 22 Jan. 1901
Governor
General| The Viscount Monck
1 July 1867 – 14 Nov. 1868
| Lord Lisgar
2 Feb. 1869 – 25 June 1872
| The Earl of Dufferin
25 June 1872 – 25 Nov. 1878
Sessions
1st session
November 6, 1867 – May 22, 1868
2nd session
April 15, 1869 – June 22, 1869
3rd session
February 15, 1870 – May 12, 1870
4th session
February 15, 1871 – April 14, 1871
5th session
April 11, 1872 – June 14, 1872
|  | → 2nd

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The 1st Canadian Parliament was in session from November 6, 1867, until July 8, 1872. The membership was set by the 1867 federal election from August 7 to September 20, 1867. It was prorogued prior to the 1872 election.

It was controlled by a majority coalition between the Conservative Party and the Liberal-Conservative Party under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 1st Canadian Ministry. The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Edward Blake from 1869 to 1871, followed by a vacancy in the Liberal leadership.

The Speaker was James Cockburn. See also List of Canadian electoral districts (1867–1871) for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

## Members of Parliament[edit]

Following is a full list of members of the first parliament by province. Cabinet members are bolded.

Electoral districts denoted by an asterisk (*) indicates that district was represented by two members.

### Nova Scotia[edit]

Electoral district  | Name  | Party

|
|

Annapolis |  |  | William Hallett Ray | Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Antigonish |  |  | Hugh McDonald | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Cape Breton |  |  | James Charles McKeagney | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Colchester |  |  | Archibald McLelan to June 21, 1869 (appointed to Senate)  | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
|  | Adams George Archibald from September 9, 1869, to May 19, 1870
(named Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories)  | Liberal-Conservative
|  | Frederick M. Pearson from November 8, 1870  | Liberal
Cumberland |  |  | Charles Tupper | Conservative
Digby |  |  | Alfred William Savary | Anti-Confederate then Conservative1
Guysborough |  |  | Stewart Campbell | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Halifax*  |  |  | Alfred Gilpin Jones | Anti-Confederate then Independent
|  | Patrick Power | Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Hants |  |  | Joseph Howe | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Inverness |  |  | Hugh Cameron | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Kings |  |  | William Henry Chipman to April 9, 1870 (death)  | Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
|  | Leverett de Veber Chipman from June 23, 1870  | Liberal
Lunenburg |  |  | Edmund Mortimer McDonald | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Pictou |  |  | James William Carmichael | Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Queens |  |  | James Fraser Forbes | Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Richmond |  |  | William Croke to March 11, 1869 (death)  | Anti-Confederate then Conservative1
|  | Isaac Le Vesconte from April 20, 1869  | Conservative1
Shelburne |  |  | Thomas Coffin | Anti-Confederate then Liberal-Conservative1
Victoria |  |  | William Ross | Anti-Confederate then Liberal1
Yarmouth |  |  | Thomas Killam to December 15, 1868 (death)  | Anti-Confederate
|  | Frank Killam from April 20, 1869  | Liberal

Note:

1 – The Anti-Confederate Party dissolved after failing to secure Nova Scotia's secession from Confederation. In 1869 its members joined other parties, or in one case sat as an independent.

### New Brunswick[edit]

Electoral district  | Name  | Party

|
|

Albert |  | John Wallace | Liberal
Carleton |  | Charles Connell | Liberal
Charlotte |  | John Bolton | Liberal
City and County of Saint John |  | John Hamilton Gray | Conservative
City of Saint John |  | Samuel Leonard Tilley | Liberal-Conservative
Gloucester |  | Timothy Warren Anglin | Liberal
Kent |  | Auguste Renaud | Liberal
King's |  | George Ryan | Liberal
Northumberland |  | John Mercer Johnson to September 8, 1868 (death)  | Liberal
| Richard Hutchison from December 24, 1868  | Liberal
Queen's |  | John Ferris | Liberal
Restigouche |  | John McMillan to February 15, 1868 (appointed Inspector of Post Offices)  | Liberal
| William Murray Caldwell from March 13, 1868, to September 29, 1870 (death)  | Liberal
| George Moffat from November 29, 1870  | Conservative
Sunbury |  | Charles Burpee | Liberal
Victoria |  | John Costigan | Liberal-Conservative
Westmorland |  | Albert James Smith | Liberal
York |  | Charles Fisher to October 3, 1868 (appointed to the Supreme Court of New Brunswick)  | Liberal
| John Pickard from October 28, 1868  | Independent Liberal

### Quebec[edit]

Electoral district  | Name  | Party

|
|

Argenteuil |  | John Abbott | Liberal-Conservative
Bagot |  | Pierre-Samuel Gendron | Conservative
Beauce |  | Christian Pozer | Liberal
Beauharnois |  | Michael Cayley | Conservative
Bellechasse |  | Louis Napoléon Casault to May 26, 1870 (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec)  | Conservative
| Télesphore Fournier from August 15, 1870  | Liberal
Berthier |  | Anselme Pâquet | Liberal
Bonaventure |  | Théodore Robitaille | Conservative
Brome |  | Christopher Dunkin4 to October 24, 1871 (appointed to Superior Court of Quebec)  | Conservative
| Edward Carter from November 17, 1871  | Conservative
Chambly |  | Pierre Benoit | Conservative
Champlain |  | John Jones Ross | Conservative
Charlevoix |  | Simon Xavier Cimon | Conservative
Châteauguay |  | Luther Holton | Liberal
Chicoutimi—Saguenay |  | Pierre Alexis Tremblay | Liberal
Compton |  | John Henry Pope5 | Liberal-Conservative
Dorchester |  | Hector-Louis Langevin | Conservative
Drummond—Arthabaska |  | Louis Adélard Sénécal | Conservative
Gaspé |  | Pierre Fortin | Conservative
Hochelaga |  | Antoine Dorion | Liberal
Huntingdon |  | John Rose2 to September 29, 1869 (resigned)  | Liberal-Conservative
| Julius Scriver from October 30, 1869  | Liberal
Iberville |  | François Béchard | Liberal
Jacques Cartier |  | Guillaume Gaucher | Conservative
Joliette |  | François Benjamin Godin | Liberal
Kamouraska |  | no election in 1867 due to rioting  |
| Charles Pelletier from February 17, 1869  | Liberal
Laprairie |  | Alfred Pinsonneault | Conservative
L'Assomption |  | Louis Archambeault | Liberal-Conservative
Laval |  | Joseph Bellerose | Conservative
Lévis |  | Joseph Blanchet | Liberal-Conservative
L'Islet |  | Barthélemy Pouliot3 | Conservative
Lotbinière |  | Henri Joly De Lotbinière | Liberal
Maskinongé |  | George Caron | Conservative
Mégantic |  | George Irvine | Conservative
Missisquoi |  | Brown Chamberlin to June 6, 1870 (resigned to become Queen's Printer)  | Conservative
| George Baker from July 5, 1870  | Liberal-Conservative
Montcalm |  | Joseph Dufresne to July 13, 1871 (resigned)  | Conservative
| Firmin Dugas from September 15, 1871  | Conservative
Montmagny |  | Joseph-Octave Beaubien | Conservative
Montmorency |  | Joseph-Édouard Cauchon to November 1, 1867  | Conservative
| Jean Langlois from December 11, 1867  | Conservative
Montreal Centre |  | Thomas Workman | Liberal
Montreal East |  | George-Étienne Cartier | Liberal-Conservative
Montreal West |  | Thomas D'Arcy McGee to April 7, 1868 (assassinated)  | Liberal-Conservative
| Michael Patrick Ryan from April 20, 1868  | Liberal-Conservative
Napierville |  | Sixte Coupal dit la Reine | Liberal
Nicolet |  | Joseph Gaudet | Conservative
Ottawa (County of) |  | Alonzo Wright | Liberal-Conservative
Pontiac |  | Edmund Heath | Conservative
Portneuf |  | Jean Brousseau | Conservative
Quebec-Centre |  | Georges-Honoré Simard | Conservative
Quebec County |  | Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau | Conservative
Quebec East |  | Pierre Huot to June 14, 1870 (resigned to become Postmaster of Quebec)  | Liberal
| Adolphe Guillet dit Tourangeau from July 18, 1870  | Conservative
Quebec West |  | Thomas McGreevy | Liberal-Conservative
Richelieu |  | Thomas McCarthy to September 23, 1870 (death)  | Conservative
| Georges Isidore Barthe from November 18, 1870  | Independent Conservative
Richmond—Wolfe |  | William Hoste Webb | Conservative
Rimouski |  | George Sylvain | Conservative
Rouville |  | Guillaume Cheval dit St-Jacques | Liberal
Saint Maurice |  | Louis Léon Lesieur Desaulniers to September 29, 1868 (resigned)  | Conservative
| Élie Lacerte from October 30, 1868  | Conservative
Shefford |  | Lucius Huntington | Liberal
Town of Sherbrooke |  | Alexander Galt | Liberal-Conservative
Soulanges |  | Luc Masson | Conservative
St. Hyacinthe |  | Alexandre Kierzkowski to August 4, 1870 (death)  | Liberal
| Louis Delorme from September 1, 1870  | Liberal
St. John's |  | François Bourassa | Liberal
Stanstead |  | Charles Colby | Liberal-Conservative
Témiscouata |  | Charles Bertrand | Conservative
Terrebonne |  | Louis Masson | Conservative
Three Rivers |  | Louis Boucher De Niverville to September 30, 1868 (resigned)  | Conservative
| William McDougall from October 17, 1868  | Conservative
Two Mountains |  | Jean-Baptiste Daoust | Conservative
Vaudreuil |  | Donald McMillan | Conservative
Verchères |  | Félix Geoffrion | Liberal
Yamaska |  | Moïse Fortier | Liberal

Four Quebec members recontested their seats in byelections, and were re-elected:

2 – John Rose was reelected in Huntingdon on November 28, 1867, after being named Minister of Finance.

3 – Barthélemy Pouliot was unseated on petition, but was reelected in L'Islet on July 14, 1869.

4 – Christopher Dunkin was reelected in Brome on November 29, 1869, after being named Minister of Agriculture.

5 – John Henry Pope was reelected in Compton on November 11, 1871, after being named Minister of Agriculture following Dunkin's resignation from Parliament.

### Ontario[edit]

Electoral district  | Name  | Party

|
|

Addington |  | James Lapum | Conservative
Algoma |  | Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson to April 26, 1871 (appointed Indian Commissioner for Rupert's Land)  | Conservative
| Frederick William Cumberland from June 30, 1871  | Conservative
Bothwell |  | David Mills | Liberal
Brant North |  | John Young Bown | Liberal-Conservative
Brant South |  | Edmund Burke Wood | Liberal
Brockville |  | James Crawford | Conservative
Bruce North |  | Alexander Sproat | Conservative
Bruce South |  | Francis Hurdon | Conservative
Cardwell |  | Thomas Roberts Ferguson | Conservative
Carleton |  | John Holmes | Liberal-Conservative
Cornwall |  | John Sandfield Macdonald | Liberal
Dundas |  | John Sylvester Ross | Liberal-Conservative
Durham East |  | Francis H. Burton | Conservative
Durham West |  | Edward Blake | Liberal
Elgin East |  | Thomas William Dobbie | Conservative
Elgin West |  | John H. Munroe | Conservative
Essex |  | John O'Connor | Conservative
Frontenac |  | Thomas Kirkpatrick to March 26, 1870 (death)  | Conservative
| George Airey Kirkpatrick from April 27, 1870  | Conservative
Glengarry |  | Donald Alexander Macdonald | Liberal
Grenville South |  | Walter Shanly | Conservative
Grey North |  | George Snider | Liberal
Grey South |  | George Jackson | Conservative
Haldimand |  | David Thompson | Liberal
Halton |  | John White | Liberal
Hamilton |  | Charles Magill | Liberal
Hastings East |  | Robert Read to February 24, 1871 (appointed to Senate)  | Conservative
| John White from March 20, 1871  | Conservative
Hastings North |  | Mackenzie Bowell | Conservative
Hastings West |  | James Brown | Conservative
Huron North |  | Joseph Whitehead | Liberal
Huron South |  | Malcolm Colin Cameron | Liberal
Kent |  | Rufus Stephenson | Conservative
Kingston |  | The Right Honourable Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada | Liberal-Conservative
Lambton |  | Alexander Mackenzie | Liberal
Lanark North |  | William C.B. McDougall | Liberal-Conservative
Lanark South |  | Alexander Morris6 | Conservative
Leeds North and Grenville North |  | Francis Jones | Conservative
Leeds South |  | John Willoughby Crawford | Conservative
Lennox |  | Richard John Cartwright | Conservative
| Liberal
Lincoln |  | James Rea Benson to March 14, 1868 (appointed to the Senate)  | Liberal-Conservative
| Thomas Rodman Merritt from April 13, 1868  | Liberal
London |  | John Carling | Liberal-Conservative
Middlesex East |  | Crowell Willson | Liberal-Conservative
Middlesex North |  | Thomas Scatcherd | Liberal
Middlesex West |  | Angus Peter McDonald | Conservative
Monck |  | Lachlin McCallum | Liberal-Conservative
Niagara |  | Angus Morrison | Conservative
Norfolk North |  | Aquila Walsh | Conservative
Norfolk South |  | Peter Lawson | Liberal
Northumberland East |  | Joseph Keeler | Liberal-Conservative
Northumberland West |  | James Cockburn | Conservative
Ontario North |  | John Hall Thompson | Liberal
Ontario South |  | Thomas Nicholson Gibbs | Liberal-Conservative
City of Ottawa |  | Joseph Merrill Currier | Liberal-Conservative
Oxford North |  | Thomas Oliver | Liberal
Oxford South |  | Ebenezer Vining Bodwell | Liberal
Peel |  | John Hillyard Cameron | Conservative
Perth North |  | James Redford | Liberal
Perth South |  | Robert MacFarlane | Liberal
Peterborough East |  | Peregrine Maitland Grover | Conservative
Peterborough West |  | Charles Perry | Conservative
Prescott |  | Albert Hagar | Liberal
Prince Edward |  | Walter Ross | Liberal
Renfrew North |  | John Rankin to October 12, 1869 (resigned)  | Conservative
| Francis Hincks from November 13, 1869  | Liberal-Conservative
Renfrew South |  | Daniel McLachlin to June 3, 1869 (resigned)  | Liberal
| John Lorn McDougall from July 12, 1869  | Liberal
Russell |  | James Alexander Grant | Conservative
Simcoe North |  | Thomas David McConkey | Liberal
Simcoe South |  | William Carruthers Little | Liberal-Conservative
Stormont |  | Samuel Ault | Liberal-Conservative
Toronto East |  | James Beaty | Conservative
Victoria North |  | John Morison | Liberal
Victoria South |  | George Kempt | Liberal
Waterloo North |  | Isaac Erb Bowman | Liberal
Waterloo South |  | James Young | Liberal
Welland |  | Thomas Clark Street | Conservative
Wellington Centre |  | Thomas Sutherland Parker to October 24, 1868 (death)  | Liberal
| James Ross from January 18, 1869  | Liberal
Wellington North |  | George Alexander Drew | Liberal-Conservative
Wellington South |  | David Stirton | Liberal
Wentworth North |  | James McMonies | Liberal
Wentworth South |  | Joseph Rymal | Liberal
West Toronto |  | Robert Alexander Harrison | Conservative
York East |  | James Metcalfe | Liberal
York North |  | James Pearson Wells | Liberal
York West |  | William Pearce Howland to July 14, 1868 (appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ontario)  | Liberal-Conservative
| Amos Wright from August 14, 1868  | Liberal

Note:

6 – One Ontario MP, Alexander Morris, recontested his seat in a byelection. He was reelected in Lanark South on November 29, 1869, after being appointed Minister of Inland Revenue.

### Manitoba[edit]

Manitoba joined Confederation in 1870. Byelections to choose Manitoba's representatives were held on March 2 and March 3, 1871.

Electoral district  | Name  | Party

|
|

Lisgar |  | John Christian Schultz from March 2, 1871  | Conservative
Marquette*
(both candidates declared elected due to a tie)  |  | James S. Lynch from March 2, 1871  | Liberal
| Angus McKay from March 2, 1871  | Conservative
Selkirk |  | Donald Alexander Smith from March 2, 1871  | Independent Conservative
Provencher |  | Pierre Delorme from March 3, 1871  | Conservative

### British Columbia[edit]

British Columbia joined Confederation in 1871. Byelections to choose the province's representatives were held in November and December of that year.

Electoral district  | Name  | Party

|
|

Cariboo District  |  | Joshua Spencer Thompson from December 19, 1871  | Liberal-Conservative
New Westminster District |  | Hugh Nelson from December 13, 1871  | Liberal-Conservative
Vancouver |  | Robert Wallace from December 15, 1871  | Conservative
Victoria*  |  | Amor De Cosmos from November 24, 1871  | Liberal
| Henry Nathan, Jr. from November 24, 1871  | Liberal
Yale District |  | Charles Frederick Houghton from December 19, 1871  | Liberal

* v
* t
* e

Lists of past and present members of the House of Commons of Canada

Parliament|

* 1st
* 2nd
* 3rd
* 4th
* 5th
* 6th
* 7th
* 8th
* 9th
* 10th
* 11th
* 12th
* 13th
* 14th
* 15th
* 16th
* 17th
* 18th
* 19th
* 20th
* 21st
* 22nd
* 23rd
* 24th
* 25th
* 26th
* 27th
* 28th
* 29th
* 30th
* 31st
* 32nd
* 33rd
* 34th
* 35th
* 36th
* 37th
* 38th
* 39th
* 40th
* 41st
* 42nd
* 43rd
* 44th

Surname|

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* Y
* Z

## Pre-Confederation predecessors[edit]

Colony  | Assembly

|

Province of Canada | 8th Parliament
Nova Scotia | 22nd General Assembly
New Brunswick | 21st Legislative Assembly

## By-elections[edit]

Main article: By-elections to the 1st Canadian Parliament

By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause | Retained

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Yale District | December 19, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Charles Frederick Houghton |  | Liberal | New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.  | NA
Cariboo | December 19, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Joshua Spencer Thompson |  | Liberal-Conservative | New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.  | NA
Vancouver Island | December 15, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Robert Wallace |  | Conservative | New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.  | NA
New Westminster | December 13, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Hugh Nelson |  | Liberal-Conservative | New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation.  | NA
Victoria | November 24, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Henry Nathan, Jr. and Amor De Cosmos |  | Liberal | New riding as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation. Two MPs elected  | NA
Brome | November 17, 1871  | Christopher Dunkin |  | Conservative | Edward Carter |  | Conservative | Appointed to the Superior Court of Quebec  | Yes
Compton | November 11, 1871  | John Henry Pope |  | Conservative | John Henry Pope |  | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture  | Yes
Montcalm | September 15, 1871  | Joseph Dufresne |  | Conservative | Firmin Dugas |  | Conservative | Appointed Sheriff of the County of St. John  | Yes
Algoma | June 30, 1871  | Wemyss Mackenzie Simpson |  | Conservative | Frederick William Cumberland |  | Conservative | Appointed Indian Commissioner for the North  | Yes
Hastings East | March 20, 1871  | Robert Read |  | Conservative | John White |  | Conservative | Called to the Senate  | Yes
Provencher | March 3, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Pierre Delorme |  | Conservative | New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.  | NA
Selkirk | March 2, 1871  | New seat |  |  | Donald Alexander Smith |  | Independent Conservative | New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.  | NA
Lisgar | March 2, 1871  | New seat |  |  | John Christian Schultz |  | Conservative | New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation.  | NA
Marquette | March 2, 1871  | New seat |  |  | James S. Lynch and Angus McKay |  | Liberal and Conservative | New riding as a result of Manitoba joining Confederation. Two MPs elected due to a tie.  | NA
Restigouche | November 29, 1870  | William Murray Caldwell |  | Liberal | George Moffat, Sr. |  | Conservative | Appointed Inspector of Post Offices in New Brunswick  | No
Richelieu | November 18, 1870  | Thomas McCarthy |  | Conservative | Georges Isidore Barthe |  | Independent Conservative | Death  | No
Colchester | November 8, 1870  | Adams George Archibald |  | Liberal-Conservative | Frederick M. Pearson |  | Liberal | Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba and the North-West Territories  | No
St. Hyacinthe | September 1, 1870  | Alexandre-Édouard Kierzkowski |  | Liberal | Louis Delorme |  | Liberal | Death  | Yes
Bellechasse | August 15, 1870  | Louis-Napoléon Casault |  | Conservative | Télesphore Fournier |  | Liberal | Appointed to Superior Court of Quebec  | No
Quebec East | July 18, 1870  | Pierre-Gabriel Huot |  | Liberal | Adolphe Guillet dit Tourangeau |  | Conservative | Appointed Postmaster at Quebec  | No
Missisquoi | July 5, 1870  | Brown Chamberlin |  | Conservative | George Barnard Baker |  | Liberal-Conservative | Appointed Queen's Printer  | Yes
Kings | June 23, 1870  | William Henry Chipman |  | Anti-Confederate | Leverett de Veber Chipman |  | Liberal | Death  | No
Cumberland | June 15, 1870  | Charles Tupper |  | Conservative | Charles Tupper |  | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council  | Yes
Frontenac | April 27, 1870  | Thomas Kirkpatrick |  | Conservative | George Airey Kirkpatrick |  | Conservative | Death  | Yes
Brome | November 29, 1869  | Christopher Dunkin |  | Conservative | Christopher Dunkin |  | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Agriculture  | Yes
Lanark South | November 29, 1869  | Alexander Morris |  | Conservative | Alexander Morris |  | Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Inland Revenue  | Yes
Renfrew South | November 29, 1869  | Daniel McLachlin |  | Liberal | John Lorn McDougall |  | Liberal | Resignation  | Yes
Renfrew North | November 13, 1869  | John Rankin |  | Liberal-Conservative | Francis Hincks |  | Conservative | Resignation to provide a seat for Hincks  | Yes
Huntingdon | October 30, 1869  | John Rose |  | Liberal-Conservative | Julius Scriver |  | Liberal | Resignation to move to London where he acted as the Prime Minister's unofficial representative to the UK.  | No
Colchester | September 9, 1869  | Archibald McLelan |  | Anti-Confederate | Adams George Archibald |  | Liberal-Conservative | Called to the Senate  | No
L'Islet | July 14, 1869  | Barthélemy Pouliot |  | Conservative | Barthélemy Pouliot |  | Conservative | Election annulled  | Yes
Wellington Centre | July 12, 1869  | Thomas Sutherland Parker |  | Liberal | James Ross |  | Liberal | Death  | Yes
Hants | April 24, 1869  | Joseph Howe |  | Anti-Confederate | Joseph Howe |  | Liberal-Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as President of the Privy Council  | No
Yarmouth | April 20, 1869  | Thomas Killam |  | Anti-Confederate | Frank Killam |  | Liberal | Death  | No
Richmond | April 20, 1869  | William Joseph Croke |  | Anti-Confederate | Isaac LeVesconte |  | Conservative | Death  | No
Kamouraska | February 17, 1869  | Vacant |  |  | Charles Alphonse Pantaléon Pelletier |  | Liberal | No election held in 1867 due to riots  | NA
Northumberland | December 24, 1868  | John Mercer Johnson |  | Liberal | Richard Hutchison |  | Liberal | Death  | Yes
Saint Maurice | October 30, 1868  | Louis-Léon Lesieur Desaulniers |  | Conservative | Élie Lacerte |  | Conservative | Appointed inspector of prisons and asylums in Quebec  | Yes
York | October 28, 1868  | Charles Fisher |  | Liberal | John Pickard |  | Independent Liberal | Appointed to New Brunswick Supreme Court  | No
Three Rivers | October 17, 1868  | Louis-Charles Boucher de Niverville |  | Conservative | William McDougall |  | Conservative | Appointed sheriff for the district of Trois-Rivières  | Yes
York West | August 14, 1868  | William Pearce Howland |  | Liberal-Conservative | Amos Wright |  | Liberal | Appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario  | No
Montreal West | April 20, 1868  | Thomas D'Arcy McGee |  | Liberal-Conservative | Michael Patrick Ryan |  | Liberal-Conservative | Death (assassinated)  | Yes
Lincoln | April 13, 1868  | James Rea Benson |  | Liberal-Conservative | Thomas Rodman Merritt |  | Liberal | Called to the Senate  | No
Restigouche | March 13, 1868  | John McMillan |  | Liberal | William Murray Caldwell |  | Liberal | Appointed Inspector of Post Offices in New Brunswick  | Yes
Montmorency | December 11, 1867  | Joseph-Édouard Cauchon |  | Conservative | Jean Langlois |  | Conservative | Called to the Senate  | Yes
Huntingdon | November 28, 1867  | John Rose |  | Liberal-Conservative | John Rose |  | Liberal-Conservative | Recontested upon appointment as Minister of Finance  | Yes

## Throne Speeches[edit]

### 1st Session[edit]

On Thursday November 7, 1867. The 1st session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, Charles Stanley Monck (The Viscount Monck).

In the speech, the governor general remarks the creation of the Dominion of Canada itself and the future expansion of the country from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. Some notable objectives for this first government would be to determine "Currency, Customs, Excise, and Revenue generally,-for the adoption of a uniform Postal System,-for the proper management and maintenance of the Public Works and Properties of the Dominion,-for the adoption of a well considered scheme of Militia Organization and Defence, for the proper administration of Indian affairs,-for the introduction of uniform Laws respecting Patents of Invention and Discovery,-the naturalization of Aliens,-and :the assimilation of the Criminal Law, and the Laws relating to Bankruptcy and Insolvency." He also notes the imperative immediate construction of the intercolonial railway. As well as the protection and development of Fisheries and Marine Interests. Finally, he speaks on the necessity to establish uniform laws regarding elections.[1]

### 2nd Session[edit]

On Thursday April 15, 1869. The 2nd session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, John Young (The Lord Lisgar).

In the speech, the governor general speaks on confederation and the initiatives to bring parts of the Hudson Bay Company (The Northwest Territory) and Newfoundland into the union. He also speaks on the assimilation of provincial criminal laws into federal criminal laws. He also touches on future bills focusing on Elections, Bankruptcy and Insolvency, and Patents of invention and discovery.[2]

### 3rd Session[edit]

On Tuesday February 15, 1870. The 3rd session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, John Young (The Lord Lisgar).

In the speech, he remarks the growing economy of the Dominion - specifically noting the fisheries. He also speaks on the difficulties faced in acquiring the Northwest Territory and the desire to go through with the assimilation. He continues in speaking on making the election process uniform among the country. He also notes the necessity to create a Court of Appeal as well as the need to prepare for the upcoming 1871 census.[3]

### 4th Session[edit]

On Wednesday February 15, 1871. The 4th session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, John Young (The Lord Lisgar).

In the speech, he highlights the menace of invasion from the United States. He also celebrates the creation of the province of Manitoba and looks forward to the same from British Columbia. On that topic, he speaks on the importance of the interoceanic railway to be created. He encourages more immigration to these new territories. He recommends the swift standardization of currency to not fall into the divisiveness seen in Europe. He says the census will occur on April 3, 1971. He briefly touches on some future bills pertaining to Parliamentary Elections, Weights and Measures, Insurance Companies, Savings Banks, and for the Consolidation and amendment of the Inspection Laws.[4]

### 5th Session[edit]

On Thursday April 11, 1872. The 5th session of the 1st parliament of the Dominion of Canada opened with a speech from the throne by the governor general, John Young (The Lord Lisgar).

In the speech, he highlights the threat of invasion of Manitoba from the United States. He remarks on a conference held in Ottawa in September 1871 on the subject of immigration. He recognizes the adoption of British Columbia into the union and the continuation of the railway project. He encourages the development of canals and a direct water communication between the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Bay of Fundy. He notes that the census has taken place. He briefly mentions future bills pertaining to Judges of Superior Courts-to the regulation and management of the Public Lands and Mines of the Dominion in Manitoba and the North West Territories, aid for the amendment of the laws relating to the Public Health.[5]

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Documents. Throne Speech" (PDF). parl.ca. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
2. ^ "Documents. Throne Speech" (PDF). parl.ca. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
3. ^ "Documents. Throne Speech" (PDF). parl.ca. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
4. ^ "Documents. Throne Speech" (PDF). parl.ca. Retrieved 31 May 2023.
5. ^ "Documents. Throne Speech" (PDF). parl.ca. Retrieved 31 May 2023.

## Works cited[edit]

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* Hodgins, William Egerton, ed. (1896). Correspondence, reports of the ministers of justice and orders in council upon the subject of Dominion and provincial legislation, 1867-1895. CIHM/ICMH Microfiche series / CIHM/ICMH collection de microfiches; no. 14543. Ottawa: Canada. Department of Justice; Government Print Bureau. hdl:2027/aeu.ark:/13960/t3zs37z6q. ISBN 978-0-665-14543-8.
* Government of Canada. "1st Ministry". Guide to Canadian Ministries since Confederation. Privy Council Office. Archived from the original on 2005-12-28. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
* Government of Canada. "1st Parliament". Members of the House of Commons: 1867 to Date: By Parliament. Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-12-20. Retrieved 2006-11-30.
* Government of Canada. "Duration of Sessions". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-11-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
* Government of Canada. "General Elections". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-05-04. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
* Government of Canada. "Key Dates for each Parliament". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2005-09-14. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
* Government of Canada. "Leaders of the Opposition in the House of Commons". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
* Government of Canada. "Prime Ministers of Canada". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 27 April 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-12.
* Government of Canada. "Speakers". Library of Parliament. Archived from the original on 2006-09-17. Retrieved 2006-05-12.

## External links[edit]

* Seating plan for the House of Commons, 1867
* 1867 Orders-in-Council
* 1868 Orders-in-Council
* 1869 Orders-in-Council
* 1870 Orders-in-Council
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* 1872 Orders-in-Council
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