2004 United States Senate elections

For related races, see 2004 United States elections.

2004 United States Senate elections

* * *

| <- 2002 | November 2, 2004 | 2006 ->

|
|

* * *

34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate
51 seats needed for a majority
|  | Majority party  | Minority party

|
|

|  |
Leader  | Bill Frist | Tom Daschle
(Lost re-election)
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Leader since  | January 3, 2003  | January 3, 1995
Leader's seat  | Tennessee | South Dakota
Seats before  | 51 | 48
Seats after  | 55 | 44
Seat change  |  4  |  4
Popular vote  | 39,920,562  | 44,754,618
Percentage  | 45.3%  | 50.8%
Seats up  | 15  | 19
Races won  | 19 | 15

* * *

| Third party  |
|  |
Party  | Independent |
Seats before  | 1[1] |
Seats after  | 1  |
Seat change  |  |
Popular vote  | 186,231  |
Percentage  | 0.2%  |
Seats up  | 0  |
Races won  | 0  |

* * *

Results of the elections:
Democratic gain Democratic hold
Republican gain Republican hold
No election

* * *

| Majority Leader before election

Bill Frist
Republican

| Elected Majority Leader

Bill Frist
Republican

|

The 2004 United States Senate elections were held on November 2, 2004, with all Class 3 Senate seats being contested. They coincided with the re-election of George W. Bush as president and the United States House elections, as well as many state and local elections. Senators who were elected in 1998, known as Senate Class 3, were seeking re-election or retiring in 2004.

Republicans won six seats but lost two themselves, giving them a net gain of four seats. Five of the six gains came from Southern states. Conservative Democrat Zell Miller of Georgia, who campaigned for President Bush, chose not to run for re-election and Republican Johnny Isakson won his seat; Democrat Fritz Hollings of South Carolina chose not to run for re-election and was succeeded by Republican Jim DeMint; Democratic vice presidential nominee John Edwards chose not to run for re-election and Republican Richard Burr won his North Carolina seat; Democrat Bob Graham of Florida chose not to run for re-election, and his seat went to Republican Mel Martinez; and Louisiana Democrat John Breaux chose not to run for re-election and Republican David Vitter won his seat.

In South Dakota, Republican John Thune defeated the incumbent Senate minority leader Tom Daschle, marking the first and only time since 1952 that a sitting party leader lost re-election, as well as the only time that person was the minority leader. Republican Senator Peter Fitzgerald of Illinois chose not to run for re-election and Democrat Barack Obama won in a landslide, becoming the Senate's only black member and only the third popularly elected in American history and only the third elected since Reconstruction. Also, Republican Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell of Colorado chose not to run for re-election and Democrat Ken Salazar won the open seat.

This was the third consecutive election cycle for Senate Class 3 where the Democrats either broke even or lost seats. This also marked the first time since 1980 in which a presidential candidate from either party won with coattails in the Senate. As of 2023[update], these are the last elections held during a presidential election year in which the Republicans made a net gain of seats. Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States, was first elected to the Senate from Illinois in this election.

## Results summary

[edit]

↓  44 | 1 | 55

|
|

Democratic | Independent | Republican

|
|

Summary of the 2004 United States Senate elections results

Parties  |  |  |  |  |  | Total

|
|
|
|
|
|

Democratic | Republican | Independent | Libertarian | Others
Before these elections  | 48  | 51  | 1  | —  | —  | 100
End of this Congress (two months later)  | 48  | 51  | 1  | —  | —  | 100
Not Up  | 29  | 36  | 1  | —  | —  | 66
Up  | 19  | 15  | —  | —  | —  | 34
Incumbent
retired  | Total before  | 5  | 3  | —  | —  | —  | 8
Held by same party | —  | 1  | —  | —  | —  | 1
Replaced by other party |  2 Republicans replaced by  2 Democrats
5 Democrats replaced by  5 Republicans  | —  | —  | —  | 7
Result after  | 2  | 6  | —  | —  | —  | 8
Incumbent
ran  | Total before  | 14  | 12[a] | —  | —  | —  | 26
Won re-election | 13  | 12  | —  | —  | —  | 25
Lost re-election |  1 Democrat replaced by  1 Republican  | —  | —  | —  | 1
Lost renomination, held by same party | —  | —  | —  | —  | —  | 0
Lost renomination, and party lost | —  | —  | —  | —  | —  | 0
Result after  | 13  | 13  | —  | —  | —  | 26
Net gain/loss  |  4  |  4  | —  | —  | —  | 4
Total elected  | 15  | 19  | —  | —  | —  | 34
Result  | 44  | 55  | 1  | —  | —  | 100
Popular
vote  | Votes  | 44,754,618  | 39,920,562  | 186,231  | 754,861  | 2,481,075  | 88,097,347
Share  | 50.80%  | 45.31%  | 0.21%  | 0.86%  | 2.82%  | 100%

Sources:

* Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Elections
* United States Elections Project at George Mason University Archived 2013-07-09 at the Wayback Machine

## Change in composition

[edit]

### Before the elections

[edit]

D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | D9 | D10

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

D20 | D19 | D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11
D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 | D29 | D30
Ark.
Ran
D40
N.Y.
Ran | D39
Nev.
Ran | D38
Md.
Ran | D37
La.
Retired | D36
Ind.
Ran | D35
Hawaii
Ran | D34
Ga.
Retired | D33
Fla.
Retired | D32
Conn.
Ran | D31
Calif.
Ran
D41
N.C.
Retired | D42
N.Dak.
Ran | D43
Ore.
Ran | D44
S.C.
Retired | D45
S.Dak.
Ran | D46
Vt.
Ran | D47
Wash.
Ran | D48
Wisc.
Ran | I1 | R51
Utah
Ran
Majority →
R41
Idaho
Ran | R42
Ill.
Retired | R43
Iowa
Ran | R44
Kans.
Ran | R45
Ky.
Ran | R46
Mo.
Ran | R47
N.H.
Ran | R48
Ohio
Ran | R49
Okla.
Retired | R50
Pa.
Ran
R40
Colo.
Retired | R39
Ariz.
Ran | R38
Alaska
Ran | R37
Ala.
Ran | R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31
R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 | R29 | R30
R20 | R19 | R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R9 | R10

### After the elections

[edit]

D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | D6 | D7 | D8 | D9 | D10

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

D20 | D19 | D18 | D17 | D16 | D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11
D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 | D26 | D27 | D28 | D29 | D30
Ark.
Re-elected
D40
Vt.
Re-elected | D39
Ore.
Re-elected | D38
N.Dak.
Re-elected | D37
N.Y.
Re-elected | D36
Nev.
Re-elected | D35
Md.
Re-elected | D34
Ind.
Re-elected | D33
Hawaii
Re-elected | D32
Conn.
Re-elected | D31
Calif.
Re-elected
D41
Wash.
Re-elected | D42
Wisc.
Re-elected | D43
Colo.
Gain | D44
Ill.
Gain | I1 | R55
S.Dak.
Gain | R54
S.C.
Gain | R53
N.C.
Gain | R52
La.
Gain | R51
Ga.
Gain
Majority →
R41
Iowa
Re-elected | R42
Kans.
Re-elected | R43
Ky.
Re-elected | R44
Mo.
Re-elected | R45
N.H.
Re-elected | R46
Ohio
Re-elected | R47
Okla.
Hold | R48
Pa.
Re-elected | R49
Utah
Re-elected | R50
Fla.
Gain
R40
Idaho
Re-elected | R39
Ariz.
Re-elected | R38
Alaska
Elected[b] | R37
Ala.
Re-elected | R36 | R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31
R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 | R26 | R27 | R28 | R29 | R30
R20 | R19 | R18 | R17 | R16 | R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11
R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | R6 | R7 | R8 | R9 | R10
Key:  |  | D# | Democratic

|

I# | Independent
R# | Republican

## Gains and losses

[edit]

### Retirements

[edit]

Three Republicans and five Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election.

State  | Senator  | Replaced by

|
|

Colorado | Ben Nighthorse Campbell | Ken Salazar
Florida | Bob Graham | Mel Martínez
Georgia | Zell Miller | Johnny Isakson
Illinois | Peter Fitzgerald | Barack Obama
Louisiana | John Breaux | David Vitter
North Carolina | John Edwards | Richard Burr
Oklahoma | Don Nickles | Tom Coburn
South Carolina | Fritz Hollings | Jim DeMint

### Defeats

[edit]

One Democrat sought re-election but lost in the general election.

State  | Senator  | Replaced by

|
|

South Dakota | Tom Daschle | John Thune

### Post-election changes

[edit]

One Democrat resigned on January 17, 2006, and was replaced by a Democratic appointee.

State  | Senator  | Replaced by

|
|

New Jersey
(Class 1)  | Jon Corzine | Bob Menendez

## Final pre-election predictions

[edit]

Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive seats. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the incumbent (if the incumbent is running for reelection) and the other candidates, and the state's partisan lean (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each seat, indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that seat.

Most election predictors used:

* "tossup": no advantage
* "tilt" (used by some predictors): advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
* "lean": slight advantage
* "likely" or "favored": significant, but surmountable, advantage
* "safe" or "solid": near-certain chance of victory

Where a site gives a percentage probability as its primary indicator of expected outcome, the chart below classifies a race as follows:

* Tossup: 50-55%
* Tilt: 56-60%
* Lean: 61-75%
* Likely: 76-93%
* Safe: 94-100%

Constituency  | Incumbent  | 2004 election ratings

|
|

State  | Senator  | Last
election[c] | Sabato's Crystal Ball
Nov. 1
2004[2] | Result
Alabama | Richard Shelby | 63.2% R  | Safe R  | Shelby
67.5% R
Alaska | Lisa Murkowski | Appointed
(2002)[d] | Lean D (flip) | Murkowski
48.6% R
Arizona | John McCain | 68.7% R  | Safe R  | McCain
76.7% R
Arkansas | Blanche Lincoln | 55.1% D  | Safe D  | Lincoln
55.9% D
California | Barbara Boxer | 53.1% D  | Safe D  | Boxer
57.7% D
Colorado | Ben Nighthorse Campbell
(retiring) | 62.5% R  | Lean D (flip) | Salazar
51.3% D
(flip)
Connecticut | Chris Dodd | 65.2% D  | Safe D  | Dodd
66.4% D
Florida | Bob Graham
(retiring) | 62.5% D  | Lean R (flip) | Martínez
49.4% R
(flip)
Georgia | Zell Miller
(retiring) | 58.2% D
(2000 special)[e] | Safe R (flip) | Isakson
57.9% R
(flip)
Hawaii | Daniel Inouye | 79.2% D
| Safe D  | Inouye
75.5% D
Idaho | Mike Crapo | 69.5% R  | Safe R  | Crapo
99.2% R
Illinois | Peter Fitzgerald
(retiring) | 50.4% R  | Safe D (flip) | Obama
70.0% D
(flip)
Indiana | Evan Bayh | 63.7% D  | Safe D  | Bayh
61.7% D
Iowa | Chuck Grassley | 68.4% R  | Safe R  | Grassley
70.2% R
Kansas | Sam Brownback | 65.3% R  | Safe R  | Brownback
69.2% R
Kentucky | Jim Bunning | 49.7% R  | Lean R  | Bunning
50.7% R
Louisiana | John Breaux
(retiring) | 64.0% D  | Lean R (flip) | Vitter
51.0% R
(flip)
Maryland | Barbara Mikulski | 70.5% D  | Safe D  | Mikulski
64.8% D
Missouri | Kit Bond | 52.7% R  | Safe R  | Bond
56.1% R
Nevada | Harry Reid | 47.9% D  | Safe D  | Reid
61.0% D
New Hampshire | Judd Gregg | 67.8% R  | Safe R  | Gregg
66.2% R
New York | Chuck Schumer | 54.6% D  | Safe D  | Schumer
71.2% D
North Carolina | John Edwards
(retiring) | 51.2% D  | Lean R (flip) | Burr
51.6% R
(flip)
North Dakota | Byron Dorgan | 63.2% D  | Safe D  | Dorgan
68.3% D
Oklahoma | Don Nickles
(retiring) | 66.4% R  | Lean R  | Coburn
52.2% R
Ohio | George Voinovich | 56.5% R  | Safe R  | Voinovich
63.9% R
Oregon | Ron Wyden | 61.1% D  | Safe D  | Wyden
63.4% D
Pennsylvania | Arlen Specter | 61.3% R  | Safe R  | Specter
52.6% R
South Carolina | Fritz Hollings
(retiring) | 52.7% D  | Likely R (flip) | DeMint
53.7% R
(flip)
South Dakota | Tom Daschle | 62.1% D  | Lean R (flip) | Thune
50.6% R
(flip)
Utah | Bob Bennett | 64.0% R  | Safe R  | Bennett
68.7% R
Vermont | Patrick Leahy | 72.2% D  | Safe D  | Leahy
70.6% D
Washington | Patty Murray | 58.4% D  | Likely D  | Murray
55.0%
Wisconsin | Russ Feingold | 55.0% D  | Safe D  | Feingold
55.3% D

## Race summary

[edit]

### Special elections during the 108th Congress

[edit]

There were no special elections during the 108th Congress.

### Elections leading to the next Congress

[edit]

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning January 3, 2005; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State
(linked to
summaries below) | Incumbent  | Results  | Candidates

|
|
|

Senator  | Party  | Electoral history
Alabama | Richard Shelby | Republican  | 1986[f]
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Richard Shelby (Republican) 68%
* ▌Wayne Sowell (Democratic) 32%

Alaska | Lisa Murkowski | Republican  | 2002 (Appointed) | Interim appointee elected.  |

* ▌Y Lisa Murkowski (Republican) 48.6%
* ▌Tony Knowles (Democratic) 45.5%
* ▌Marc Millican (Independent) 2.9%
* ▌Jerry Sanders (AKIP) 1.2%
* ▌Jim Sykes (Green) 1%
* ▌Scott Kohlhaas (Libertarian) 0.4%

Arizona | John McCain | Republican  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y John McCain (Republican) 76%
* ▌Stuart Starky (Democratic) 21%
* ▌Ernest Hancock (Libertarian) 3%

Arkansas | Blanche Lincoln | Democratic  | 1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Blanche Lincoln (Democratic) 56%
* ▌Jim Holt (Republican) 44%

California | Barbara Boxer | Democratic  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Barbara Boxer (Democratic) 57.7%
* ▌Bill Jones (Republican) 37.8%
* ▌Marsha Feinland (Peace and Freedom) 2%
* ▌Jim Gray (Libertarian) 1.8%
* ▌Don J. Grundmann (Constitution) 0.7%

Colorado | Ben Nighthorse Campbell | Republican  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.  |

* ▌Y Ken Salazar (Democratic) 51.3%
* ▌Pete Coors (Republican) 46.5%
* ▌Doug Cambell (Constitution) 1%

Others

* ▌Richard Randall (Libertarian) 0.5%
* ▌John Harris (Independent) 0.4%
* ▌Victor Good (Reform) 0.3%

Connecticut | Chris Dodd | Democratic  | 1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Chris Dodd (Democratic) 66.4%
* ▌Jack Orchulli (Republican) 32.1%
* ▌Timothy Knibbs (Constitution) 0.9%
* ▌Lenny Rasch (Libertarian) 0.6%

Florida | Bob Graham | Democratic  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.  |

* ▌Y Mel Martínez (Republican) 49.5%
* ▌Betty Castor (Democratic) 48.3%
* ▌Dennis Bradley (Veterans) 2.2%

Georgia | Zell Miller | Democratic  | 2000 (Appointed)
2000 (special) | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.  |

* ▌Y Johnny Isakson (Republican) 57.9%
* ▌Denise Majette (Democratic) 40%
* ▌Allen Buckley (Libertarian) 2.1%

Hawaii | Daniel Inouye | Democratic  | 1962
1968
1974
1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Daniel Inouye (Democratic) 75.5%
* ▌Campbell Cavasso (Republican) 21%
* ▌James Brewer (Independent) 2.2%
* ▌Lloyd Mallan (Libertarian) 1.3%

Idaho | Mike Crapo | Republican  | 1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Mike Crapo (Republican) 99.2%
* ▌Scott McClure (Democratic, write-in) 0.8%

Illinois | Peter Fitzgerald | Republican  | 1998 | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.  |

* ▌Y Barack Obama (Democratic) 70%
* ▌Alan Keyes (Republican) 27%
* ▌Albert Franzen (Independent) 1.6%
* ▌Jerry Kohn (Libertarian) 1.3%

Indiana | Evan Bayh | Democratic  | 1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Evan Bayh (Democratic) 62%
* ▌Marvin Scott (Republican) 37%
* ▌Albert Barger (Libertarian) 1%

Iowa | Chuck Grassley | Republican  | 1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Chuck Grassley (Republican) 70.1%
* ▌Arthur Small (Democratic) 27.9%
* ▌Christy Welty (Libertarian) 1%
* ▌Daryl Northrop (Green) 0.8%
* ▌Edwin Fruit (Socialist Workers) 0.1%

Kansas | Sam Brownback | Republican  | 1996 (special)
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Sam Brownback (Republican) 69%
* ▌Lee Jones (Democratic) 28%
* ▌Stephen A. Rosile (Libertarian) 2%
* ▌George Cook (Reform) 1%

Kentucky | Jim Bunning | Republican  | 1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Jim Bunning (Republican) 51%
* ▌Daniel Mongiardo (Democratic) 49%

Louisiana | John Breaux | Democratic  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.  |

* ▌Y David Vitter (Republican) 51%
* ▌Chris John (Democratic) 29%
* ▌John Kennedy (Democratic) 15%
* ▌Arthur Morrell (Democratic) 3%

Others

* ▌Richard Fontanesi (Independent) 1%
* ▌R. A. Galan (Independent) 1%
* ▌Sam Melton (Democratic) 1%

Maryland | Barbara Mikulski | Democratic  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Barbara Mikulski (Democratic) 64.8%
* ▌E. J. Pipkin (Republican) 33.7%
* ▌Maria Allwine (Green) 1.1%
* ▌Thomas Trump (Constitution) 0.4%

Missouri | Kit Bond | Republican  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Kit Bond (Republican) 56%
* ▌Nancy Farmer (Democratic) 42.8%
* ▌Kevin Tull (Libertarian) 0.7%
* ▌Don Griffin (Constitution) 0.4%

Nevada | Harry Reid | Democratic  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Harry Reid (Democratic) 61.1%
* ▌Richard Ziser (Republican) 35.1%
* None of These Candidates 1.6%
* ▌Tomas Hurst (Libertarian) 1.2%

Others

* ▌David Schumann (Constitution) 0.7%
* ▌Gary Marinch (Natural Law) 0.3%

New Hampshire | Judd Gregg | Republican  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Judd Gregg (Republican) 66%
* ▌Doris Haddock (Democratic) 34%

New York | Chuck Schumer | Democratic  | 1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Chuck Schumer (Democratic) 71.16%
* ▌Howard Mills III (Republican) 24.24%
* ▌Marilyn O'Grady (Conservative) 3%

Others

* ▌David McReynolds (Green) 0.5%
* ▌Donald Silberger (Libertarian) 0.3%
* ▌Abraham Hirschfeld (Builders) 0.2%
* ▌Martin Koppel (Socialist Workers) 0.2%

North Carolina | John Edwards | Democratic  | 1998 | Incumbent retired to run for Vice President of the United States.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.  |

* ▌Y Richard Burr (Republican) 52%
* ▌Erskine Bowles (Democratic) 47%
* ▌Tom Bailey (Libertarian) 1%

North Dakota | Byron Dorgan | Democratic-NPL  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Byron Dorgan (Democratic-NPL) 68%
* ▌Mike Liffrig (Republican) 32%

Ohio | George Voinovich | Republican  | 1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y George Voinovich (Republican) 63.9%
* ▌Eric Fingerhut (Democratic) 36.1%

Oklahoma | Don Nickles | Republican  | 1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.  |

* ▌Y Tom Coburn (Republican) 52.8%
* ▌Brad Carson (Democratic) 41.2%
* ▌Sheila Bilyeu (Independent) 6%

Oregon | Ron Wyden | Democratic  | 1996 (special)
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Ron Wyden (Democratic) 63.4%
* ▌Al King (Republican) 31.8%
* ▌Teresa Keane (Pacific Green) 2.4%
* ▌Dan Fitzgerald (Libertarian) 1.7%
* ▌David Brownlow (Constitution) 0.7%

Pennsylvania | Arlen Specter | Republican  | 1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Arlen Specter (Republican) 52.6%
* ▌Joe Hoeffel (Democratic) 42%
* ▌Jim Clymer (Constitution) 4%
* ▌Betsy Summers (Libertarian) 1.4%

South Carolina | Fritz Hollings | Democratic  | 1966 (special)
1968
1974
1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.  |

* ▌Y Jim DeMint (Republican) 53.7%
* ▌Inez Tenenbaum (Democratic) 44.1%
* ▌Patrick Tyndall (Constitution) 0.8%
* ▌Rebekah Sutherland (Libertarian) 0.7%
* ▌Tee Ferguson (United Citizens) 0.4%
* ▌Efia Nwangaza (Green) 0.3%

South Dakota | Tom Daschle | Democratic  | 1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican gain.  |

* ▌Y John Thune (Republican) 50.5%
* ▌Tom Daschle (Democratic) 49.4%

Utah | Bob Bennett | Republican  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Bob Bennett (Republican) 68.7%
* ▌Paul Van Dam (Democratic) 28.4%
* ▌Gary R. Van Horn (Constitution) 1.9%
* ▌Joe Labonte (Personal Choice) 1%

Vermont | Patrick Leahy | Democratic  | 1974
1980
1986
1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Patrick Leahy (Democratic) 70.6%
* ▌John A. McMullen (Republican) 24.5%
* ▌Cris Ericson (Marijuana) 2.1%
* ▌Craig Hill (Green) 1.3%
* ▌Keith Stern (Independent) 1.1%
* ▌Ben Mitchell (Liberty Union) 0.3%

Washington | Patty Murray | Democratic  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Patty Murray (Democratic) 55%
* ▌George Nethercutt (Republican) 42.7%
* ▌J. Mills (Libertarian) 1.2%
* ▌Mark Wilson (Green) 1.1%

Wisconsin | Russ Feingold | Democratic  | 1992
1998 | Incumbent re-elected.  |

* ▌Y Russ Feingold (Democratic) 55.4%
* ▌Tim Michels (Republican) 44.1%

Others

* ▌Arif Khan (Libertarian) 0.3%
* ▌Eugene A. Hem (Independent) 0.2%

## Closest races

[edit]

In seven races the margin of victory was under 10%.

District  | Winner  | Margin

|
|

Florida | Republican (flip)  | 1.1%
South Dakota | Republican (flip)  | 1.2%
Kentucky | Republican  | 1.4%
Alaska | Republican  | 3.0%
Colorado | Democratic (flip)  | 3.9%
North Carolina | Republican (flip)  | 4.6%
South Carolina | Republican (flip)  | 9.6%[g]

## Alabama

[edit]

Alabama Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Richard Shelby | Wayne Sowell  |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 1,242,200 | 595,018
Percentage  | 67.6% | 32.4%

* * *

County results
Shelby:  50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Sowell:  50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Richard Shelby
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Shelby
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Alabama

See also: List of United States senators from Alabama

Incumbent Republican Richard Shelby won re-election to a fourth term over Democratic perennial candidate Wayne Sowell.

Shelby, who switched parties ten years prior, had over $11 million cash on hand.[3] Shelby was chairman of the Banking Committee.[4] Wayne Sowell became the first black U.S. Senate nominee of a major party in Alabama.[5]

Alabama general election  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Richard Shelby (incumbent)  | 1,242,038[6] | 67.6
| Democratic | Wayne Sowell  | 594,439  | 32.4
| Independent | Write Ins  | 1,848  | 0.1
Total votes  | 1,836,477  | 100.0
Turnout |  | N/A

## Alaska

[edit]

Alaska Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Lisa Murkowski | Tony Knowles |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 149,773 | 140,424
Percentage  | 48.9% | 45.5%

* * *

Results by borough and census area
Murkowski: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Knowles: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Lisa Murkowski
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Lisa Murkowski
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Alaska

See also: List of United States senators from Alaska

Incumbent Republican Lisa Murkowski of Anchorage, sought election to her first full term after being appointed to serve out the rest of her father's unexpired term when he resigned in December 2002 to become Governor of Alaska. Her main challenger was Democratic former Governor Tony Knowles, her father's predecessor as governor. Murkowski won by a slight margin.

Although Alaska is heavily Republican, popular opinion had swung against the Murkowski family because of a tax increase passed by Governor Frank Murkowski, Lisa Murkowski's father. In addition, many voters disapproved of apparent nepotism in the appointment of Lisa Murkowski to the Senate. Knowles, who as mentioned above preceded Frank Murkowski as governor, had enlisted extensive out-of-state support for his bid to take over Lisa Murkowski's Senate seat. However, veteran Republican Senator Ted Stevens taped advertisements warning Alaskans that electing a Democrat could result in less federal dollars for Alaska.

Democratic primary[7] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Tony Knowles  | 40,881  | 95.0
| Democratic | Don Wright  | 1,080  | 2.5
| Democratic | Theresa Obermeyer  | 1,045  | 2.4
Total votes  | 43,006  | 100.0
Republican primary[7] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Lisa Murkowski (Incumbent)  | 45,710  | 58.1
| Republican | Mike Miller  | 29,313  | 37.3
| Republican | Wev Shea  | 2,857  | 3.6
| Republican | Jim Dore  | 748  | 0.9
Total votes  | 78,628  | 100.0

Lisa Murkowski had very low approval ratings as senator due to her father, Frank Murkowski, who at the time was the Governor of Alaska with extremely low approval ratings himself. Former Governor Tony Knowles ran against Murkowski. He ran as a Democrat who supported drilling in ANWR, in contrast to most Democrats. Ted Stevens tried to "rescue" her campaign and help her maintain her seat.[8]

Alaska general election[9] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Lisa Murkowski (Incumbent)  | 149,773  | 48.58  | −25.91%
| Democratic | Tony Knowles | 140,424  | 45.55  | +25.82%
| Independent | Marc J. Millican  | 8,885  | 2.88  |
| Independence | Jerry Sanders  | 3,785  | 1.23  |
| Green | Jim Sykes  | 3,053  | 0.99  | 2.22%
| Libertarian | Scott A. Kohlhaas  | 1,240  | 0.40  | −1.87%
| Independent | Ted Gianoutsas  | 732  | 0.24  |
| Write-ins  |  | 423  | 0.14  |
Majority  | 9,349  | 3.03  | −51.74%
Turnout | 308,315  |  |

## Arizona

[edit]

Arizona Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | John McCain | Stuart Starky  |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 1,505,372 | 404,507
Percentage  | 76.7% | 20.6%

* * *

County results
McCain: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

John McCain
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

John McCain
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Arizona

See also: List of United States senators from Arizona

Incumbent Republican John McCain won re-election to a fourth term with his largest victory over Democratic teacher Stuart Starky.[10]

Since 1998, McCain challenged Texas Governor George W. Bush in the presidential primary and despite winning the New Hampshire primary, he lost the nomination. Solidifying his image as a maverick, he voted against the Bush tax cuts. He supported limits on stem cell research. He had a lopsided favorable ratings of 39% to 9% unfavorable in the most recent The New York Times/CBS News poll.

Stuart Starky, an eighth-grade teacher in South Phoenix, was widely known as a long-shot challenger. Starky stated that "I truly believe he's going to run for president again."[11] Starky was called by The Arizona Republic a "sacrificial lamb"[12] put on ballot because there were no chances to beat McCain. During his campaign, he debated McCain twice, once in Tucson and once in Flagstaff. He was also featured on the cover of Teacher Magazine, dubbed the "Unsinkable Stu Starky." Starky was defeated in a landslide. But, despite the relatively low percentage, he gained the highest vote per dollar amount in the country, spending only about $15,000 for his campaign (Starky's campaign may have been aided by John Kerry running for president).[13]

Arizona general election[14] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | John McCain (Incumbent)  | 1,505,372  | 76.74  | +7.99%
| Democratic | Stuart Starky  | 404,507  | 20.62  | −6.54%
| Libertarian | Ernest Hancock  | 51,798  | 2.64  | +0.37%
Majority  | 1,100,865  | 56.12  | +14.54%
Turnout | 1,961,677  |  |

## Arkansas

[edit]

2004 United States Senate election in Arkansas

* * *

| <- 1998 | November 2, 2004 | 2010 ->

|
|

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Blanche Lincoln | Jim Holt |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 580,973 | 458,036
Percentage  | 55.9% | 44.1%

* * *

County results
Lincoln: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Holt: 50–60%

* * *

| Senator before election

Blanche Lincoln
Democratic

| Elected Senator

Blanche Lincoln
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Arkansas

See also: List of United States senators from Arkansas

Incumbent Democrat Blanche Lincoln ran for re-election. Lincoln won re-election over Republican State Senator Jim Holt while President George W. Bush carried the state with almost the same margin of victory.

The Democratic Party held super-majority status in the Arkansas General Assembly. A majority of local and statewide offices were also held by Democrats. This was rare even for the time in the South, where a majority of statewide offices were and still are held by Republicans. Arkansas had the distinction in 1992 of being the only state in the country to give the majority of its vote to a single candidate in the presidential election—native son Bill Clinton—while every other state's electoral votes were won by pluralities of the vote among the three candidates. Arkansas had since become more reliably Republican in presidential elections. The state voted for George W. Bush over John Kerry in 2004. Lincoln won by 2% less than she had in 1998.[15]

Democrats at the time had an overwhelming majority of registered voters, and the Democratic Party of Arkansas was more conservative than the national entity. Two of Arkansas' three Democratic Representatives at the time were members of the Blue Dog Coalition, which tends to be more pro-business, pro-military spending, and socially conservative than the Democratic mainstream.

Republican primary[16] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Jim Holt  | 37,254  | 68.9
| Republican | Andy Lee  | 10,709  | 19.8
| Republican | Rosemarie Clampitt  | 6,078  | 11.3
Total votes  | 54,041  | 100.0

Lincoln was a popular incumbent. In March, she had an approval rating of 55%.[17] Lincoln calls herself an advocate for rural America, having grown up on a farm herself. Holt is from Northwest Arkansas, who also lives on a farm.[18] Holt was widely perceived as a long shot. By the end of June, he only raised $29,000, while Lincoln had over $5 million cash on hand.[19] Lincoln won re-election by over 11%.[15]

Arkansas Senate election 2004  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Blanche Lincoln (Incumbent)  | 580,973  | 55.90
| Republican | Jim Holt  | 458,036  | 44.07
| Independent | Write Ins  | 340  | 0.0
Majority  | 122,937  | 11.83
Turnout | 1,039,349  |

## California

[edit]

California Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Barbara Boxer | Bill Jones |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 6,955,728 | 4,555,922
Percentage  | 57.7% | 37.8%

* * *

County results
Boxer: 40-50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Jones: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Barbara Boxer
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Barbara Boxer
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in California

See also: List of United States senators from California

Incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer defeated Republican former Secretary of State Bill Jones. Boxer's 6.96 million votes set the record for the most votes cast for one candidate in one state in one election, until it was surpassed by Senator Dianne Feinstein's 7.75 million votes in 2012.

Democratic Primary Election  Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

Barbara Boxer (Incumbent)  | 2,566,298  | 100.00
Republican Primary Election  Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

Bill Jones | 1,015,748  | 44.81
Rosario Marin | 454,176  | 20.03
Howard Kaloogian | 253,331  | 11.17
Toni Casey  | 142,080  | 6.27
Tim Stoen  | 124,940  | 5.51
James Stewart  | 78,264  | 3.45
Barry L. Hatch  | 71,244  | 3.14
John M. Van Zandt  | 56,925  | 2.51
Danney Ball  | 37,745  | 1.66
Bill Quraishi  | 32,515  | 1.43
Total votes  | 2,266,968  | 100.00
American Independent primary  Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

Don J. Grundmann  | 32,025  | 100.00
Libertarian primary  Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

Jim Gray | 13,656  | 57.30
Gail Lightfoot  | 10,177  | 42.70
Total votes  | 23,833  | 100.00
Peace and Freedom primary  Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

Marsha Feinland | 4,864  | 100.00

Boxer originally had decided to retire in 2004 but changed her mind to "fight for the right to dissent" against conservatives like Majority Leader Tom DeLay. Jones was widely considered as the underdog.[17] Jones got a major endorsement from the popular Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger.[20] The two major candidates had a debate. Pre-election polling had Boxer leading in double digits.[21] But he never released a single TV ad. Boxer portrayed Jones as too conservative for California, citing his votes in the California Assembly (1982 to 1994) against gun control, increased minimum wage, support for offshore drilling, and a loosening of environmental regulations.[22]

Jones raised about $700,000 more than Boxer during the third quarter, pulling in $2.5 million to Boxer's $1.8 million. But overall, Boxer has raised $16 million to Jones' $6.2 million. And Boxer has spent about $7 million on radio and television ads alone.[23]

The election was not close, with Boxer winning by an authoritative 20 point margin. Jones only performed well in rural parts of the state. Boxer on the other hand won almost all major metropolitan areas in the state. The race was called right when the polls closed at 11:00 P.M. EST, and 7:00 P.M. PTZ. Jones conceded defeat to Boxer at 11:12 P.M. EST, and 7:12 PTZ.

California general election[24] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Barbara Boxer (Incumbent)  | 6,955,728  | 57.71
| Republican | Bill Jones | 4,555,922  | 37.80
| Peace and Freedom | Marsha Feinland | 243,846  | 2.02
| Libertarian | James P. "Jim" Gray | 216,522  | 1.80
| American Independent | Don J. Grundmann  | 81,244  | 0.67
| No party | Dennis Richter (write-in)  | 43  | 0.00
| No party | Howard Johnson (write-in)  | 8  | 0.00
| No party | John Emery Jones (write-in)  | 2  | 0.00
Invalid or blank votes  | 536,388  | 4.26
Total votes  | 12,589,703  | 100.00
Turnout |  | 57.03

## Colorado

[edit]

Colorado Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Ken Salazar | Pete Coors |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 1,081,188 | 980,668
Percentage  | 51.3% | 47.4%

* * *

County results
Salazar: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Coors: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Ben Nighthorse Campbell
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Ken Salazar
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Colorado

See also: List of United States senators from Colorado

Incumbent Republican Ben Nighthorse Campbell decided to retire instead of seeking a third term. The Democratic Attorney General of Colorado Ken Salazar won the open seat.

Before Campbell's retirement, no prominent Democrat had entered the race, with educator Mike Miles and businessman Rutt Bridges pursuing the Democratic nomination. After Campbell's retirement, many expected popular Republican Governor Bill Owens to enter the race,[25] however he declined to run. Campbell's retirement and Owens' decision not to run prompted a number of prominent Democrats to reexamine the race.[26]

On March 10, the same day Owens announced he would not run, U.S. Congressman Mark Udall entered the race.[27] The next day, state Attorney General Ken Salazar entered the race, leading Udall to immediately withdraw and endorse him.[28] Salazar lost to Mike Miles at the State nominating convention. In spite of this loss, the national Democratic Party backed Salazar with contributions from the DSCC and promotion of Salazar as the only primary candidate.[29]

Democratic primary[30] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Ken Salazar  | 173,167  | 73.02
| Democratic | Mike Miles  | 63,973  | 26.98
Total votes  | 237,140  | 100.00

The two candidates got into an ideological battle, as U.S. Representative Bob Schaffer attacked Pete Coors, former CEO and chairman of Coors Brewing Company, because his company had provided benefits to the partners of its gay and lesbian employees, in addition to promoting its beer in gay bars. Coors defended himself by saying that he was opposed to same-sex marriage, and supported a constitutional amendment to ban it, although he noted that he supported civil unions for gay couples. According to the Rocky Mountain News, Coors described his company's pro-LGBT practices as "good business, separate from politics."[31] Coors defeated Schaffer with 61% of the vote in the primary, with many analysts citing his high name recognition in the state as a primary factor.[32][33]

Republican primary[30] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Pete Coors  | 203,157  | 60.57
| Republican | Bob Schaffer  | 132,274  | 39.43
Total votes  | 335,431  | 100.00

Pete Coors ran as a moderate conservative. However, Salazar was also a moderate and a highly popular State Attorney General.[34] Coors is also a great-grandson of Adolph Coors, founder of the brewing company. His father is Joseph Coors, president of the company and founding member of The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank. Salazar narrowly won the open seat. It was one of only two Democratic pickups in the 2004 Senate elections; Illinois was the other.

According to the non-partisan OpenSecrets, Coors gave his own campaign $1,213,657 and received individual donations of $60,550 from other Coors family members[citation needed].

A state record of over $11 million was raised during the election.[35]

Colorado general election[36] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Ken Salazar | 1,081,188  | 51.30  | +16.29%
| Republican | Pete Coors | 980,668  | 46.53  | −15.96%
| Constitution | Douglas Campbell  | 18,783  | 0.89  | +0.15%
| Libertarian | Richard Randall  | 10,160  | 0.48  |
| Independent | John R. Harris  | 8,442  | 0.40  |
| Reform | Victor Good  | 6,481  | 0.31  |
| Independent | Finn Gotaas  | 1,750  | 0.08  |
Majority  | 100,520  | 4.77  | −22.70%
Turnout | 2,107,472  |  |

## Connecticut

[edit]

2004 United States Senate election in Connecticut

* * *

| <- 1998 | November 2, 2004 | 2010 ->

|
|

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Chris Dodd | Jack Orchulli |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 945,347 | 457,749
Percentage  | 66.4% | 32.1%

* * *

County results

Municipality results

Dodd:  50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Orchulli:  40–50% 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Chris Dodd
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Chris Dodd
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Connecticut

See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut

Incumbent Democrat Chris Dodd won re-election for a fifth term, beating Republican Jack Orchulli, CEO and co-founder of a Michael Kors's apparel company.[37]

Chris Dodd was one of the most powerful senators in congress. In the election cycle, Dodd raised over $7 million. His top five contributors were Bear Stearns, Citigroup, National Westminster Bank, Lehman Brothers, and Goldman Sachs.[38]

Republican nominee, Jack Orchulli, ran as fiscal conservative and social moderate[citation needed]. He broke ranks with his party on gay marriage and abortion.[39] That put him on the same side as most voters in the blue state of Connecticut[citation needed]. He often talked about a "broken education system." He argued that Dodd has not done anything in his 30 years in congress to fix such issues as traffic problems in Fairfield County.[40]

Orchulli launched a statewide TV ad campaign in September, as he spent over $1.1 million and pledged to spend "whatever it takes" if polls show he is gaining ground on Dodd.[41]

Connecticut General election  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Chris Dodd (Incumbent)  | 945,347  | 66.35
| Republican | Jack Orchulli  | 457,749  | 32.13
| Concerned Citizens | Timothy Knibbs  | 12,442  | 0.87
| Libertarian | Leonard Rasch  | 9,188  | 0.64
Majority  | 487,598  | 34.22
Turnout | 1,424,726  |

## Florida

[edit]

Florida Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Mel Martínez | Betty Castor |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 3,672,864 | 3,590,201
Percentage  | 49.4% | 48.3%

* * *

County results

Martinez: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

Castor: 40-50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Bob Graham
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Mel Martínez
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Florida

See also: List of United States senators from Florida

Incumbent Democrat Bob Graham retired after three terms. The primary elections were held on August 31, 2004. Republican Mel Martínez won the open seat, beating Democrat Betty Castor, former president of the University of South Florida, former Education Commissioner of Florida, and former state senator. Martínez, a former U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, was supported by the Bush administration.

Democratic primary[42] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Betty Castor  | 669,346  | 58.1
| Democratic | Peter Deutsch  | 321,922  | 27.9
| Democratic | Alex Penelas  | 115,898  | 10.1
| Democratic | Bernard E. Klein  | 45,347  | 3.9
Total votes  | 1,152,513  | 100.0%
Republican primary[42] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Mel Martínez  | 522,994  | 44.9
| Republican | Bill McCollum  | 360,474  | 30.9
| Republican | Doug Gallagher  | 158,360  | 13.6
| Republican | Johnnie Byrd  | 68,982  | 5.9
| Republican | Karen Saull  | 20,365  | 1.8
| Republican | Sonya March  | 17,804  | 1.5
| Republican | Larry Klayman  | 13,257  | 1.1
| Republican | William Billy Kogut  | 3,695  | 0.3
Total votes  | 1,165,931  | 100.0%

In the spring, the campaign hired fundraising staff from the defunct presidential campaigns of Howard Dean and Bob Graham,[43] and subsequently posted much higher fundraising numbers over the summer.[44] Online grassroots techniques devised for the Dean campaign (Castor became a Dean Dozen candidate in August[citation needed]) were one contributing factor:[45] another was the support of EMILY's List, which named Castor as its highest-rated candidate for the 2004 election cycle[citation needed], even when her support for banning intact dilation and extraction (D&X) abortions was not in line with the EMILY's List support for woman's issues.[46][47] The latter was a source of criticism during the August primary heat - a complaint was filed by a Deutsch supporter with the Federal Election Commission accusing inappropriate coordination with EMILY's List[citation needed]. The complaint was dismissed by the Federal Election Commission in 2005.[48]

Castor's handling of Sami Al-Arian became another source of criticism during the campaign[citation needed]. In June, The American Democracy Project, a 527 group founded by Bernie Friedman[citation needed], began attacking Castor's handling of the incident, alleging that she had sufficient evidence to fire Al-Arian in the mid-1990s[citation needed]. Castor responded by stating that she never had sufficient evidence to fire Al-Arian, who was a tenured professor at the time[citation needed]. On June 29, Senator Graham, who had previously remained outside of the Al-Arian controversy, released a statement that "Betty Castor acted appropriately as President of the University of South Florida to deal with Sami Al-Arian"[citation needed]: later, Graham and Senator Bill Nelson brokered an agreement between the Democratic candidates to refrain from negative campaigning against each other[citation needed], although this agreement appeared to break down in the final weeks of the race, when Deutsch launched attack ads on television[citation needed].

Despite these controversies, Castor won the Democratic nomination on August 31. She was defeated, however, by Republican candidate Mel Martínez in a close race on November 2, 2004. The overwhelming support for Martínez among Latinos effectively counterbalanced Castor's relatively high popularity among swing voters throughout the state.

There was some speculation that Castor would run for Governor of Florida in 2006 to replace Jeb Bush, who was ineligible for re-election due to term limits, but she announced in 2005 that she would not be a candidate.

2004 United States Senate election in Florida[49] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Melquíades Rafael Martínez Ruiz  | 3,672,864  | 49.43  | +11.9%
| Democratic | Elizabeth Castor  | 3,590,201  | 48.32  | −14.15%
| Veterans | Dennis F. Bradley  | 166,642  | 2.24  | +2.24%
| Write-ins  |  | 187  | 0.00  | +0.0%
Majority  | 82,663  | 1.11  | −23.83%
Turnout | 7,429,894  | 70.92[50] | +24.08%
Total votes  | 7,429,894  | 100.00  | +3,529,732

## Georgia

[edit]

Georgia Election

* * *

<- 2000 (special)

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Johnny Isakson | Denise Majette |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 1,864,205 | 1,287,695
Percentage  | 57.9% | 40.0%

* * *

Isakson: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Majette: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Zell Miller
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Johnny Isakson
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Georgia

See also: List of United States senators from Georgia

Incumbent Democrat Zell Miller retired. Democratic U.S. Representative Denise Majette became both the first African American and the first woman to be nominated for the U.S. Senate in Georgia. Republican U.S. Representative Johnny Isakson won the open seat.

The results were almost a complete reversal from the previous election in 2000.

Majette's announcement that she would seek to replace Miller also caught Democrats by surprise, as she was not on anyone's call list when Democrats began seeking a candidate to replace Miller. Further skepticism among Democrats about the viability of her candidacy surfaced when she announced that "God" had told her to run for the Senate. She received important endorsements from U.S. Senators Mary Landrieu of Louisiana and Debbie Stabenow of Michigan, along with many others in Washington who campaigned and raised money for Majette. Her Senate campaign slogan was "I'll be nobody's Senator, but yours."

A number of factors led to Majette's loss. These include her late start, her valuable time and money spent in the runoff, larger conservative turnout from a proposed constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriages (which Majette opposed), the popularity of President George W. Bush in Georgia, and her lack of experience (being a one-term congresswoman).

Republican primary[51] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Johnny Isakson | 346,765  | 53.2%
| Republican | Herman Cain | 170,464  | 26.2%
| Republican | Mac Collins | 134,053  | 20.6%
Georgia general election[52] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Johnny Isakson | 1,864,205  | 57.88  | +19.97%
| Democratic | Denise Majette | 1,287,695  | 39.98  | −18.22%
| Libertarian | Allen Buckley  | 69,051  | 2.14  | +2.14%
Majority  | 576,510  | 17.90  |
Turnout | 3,220,951  |  |

## Hawaii

[edit]

Hawaii Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Daniel Inouye | Cam Cavasso |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 313,629 | 87,172
Percentage  | 75.5% | 21.0%

* * *

County results
Inouye: 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Daniel Inouye
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Daniel Inouye
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Hawaii

See also: List of United States senators from Hawaii

Incumbent Democrat U.S. Senator Daniel Inouye won re-election to an eighth term over Republican, Campbell Cavasso, a former state representative.

Inouye won every single county with at least 70% of the vote. His best performance was in Kauai County, where he won with an estimated 80%; also was Cavasso's weakest performance, getting just 16.5% of the vote there.

Hawaii General election  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Daniel Inouye (incumbent)  | 313,629  | 75.5
| Republican | Campbell Cavasso  | 87,172  | 21.0
| Independent | Jim Brewer  | 9,269  | 2.2
| Libertarian | Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan  | 5,277  | 1.3
Total votes  | 415,347  | 100.00

## Idaho

[edit]

Idaho Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Mike Crapo |  |
Party  | Republican |
Popular vote  | 499,796 |
Percentage  | 99.2% |

* * *

County results
Crapo: >90% 100%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Mike Crapo
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Mike Crapo
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Idaho

See also: List of United States senators from Idaho

Incumbent Republican Mike Crapo won a second term in a landslide after no one filed for the Democratic nomination. Democrat Scott McClure conducted a write-in campaign but only received 4,136 votes, or about 1% of those cast.

Republican primary[53] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Mike Crapo (Incumbent)  | 118,286  | 100.00
Total votes  | 118,286  | 100.00%

Crapo won every county with over 95% of the vote. His weakest performance by far was in Latah County, where he got 95.6% of the vote to McClure's 4.4%.

2004 United States Senate election in Idaho[54] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Mike Crapo (Incumbent)  | 499,796  | 99.18  | +29.64%
| Democratic | Scott F. McClure (write-in)  | 4,136  | 0.82  | +0.82%
Majority  | 495,660  | 98.36  | +57.22%
Turnout | 503,932  |  |

## Illinois

[edit]

Illinois Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Barack Obama | Alan Keyes |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 3,597,456 | 1,390,690
Percentage  | 70.0% | 27.0%

* * *

County results
Obama: 40-50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Keyes: 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Peter Fitzgerald
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Barack Obama
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Illinois

See also: List of United States senators from Illinois

Incumbent Republican Peter Fitzgerald decided to retire after one term. The Democratic and Republican primary elections were held in March, which included a total of 15 candidates who combined to spend a record total of over $60 million seeking the open seat.

State Senator and future President Barack Obama won the Democratic primary and Jack Ryan won the Republican primary. Ryan later withdrew from the race four days after the Chicago Tribune persuaded a California court to release child custody records. The Illinois Republican State Central Committee chose former Diplomat Alan Keyes to replace Ryan as the Republican candidate.

The election was the first for the U.S. Senate in which both major party candidates were African American. Obama's 43% margin of victory was the largest in the state history of U.S. Senate elections. The inequality in the candidates spending for the fall elections – $14,244,768 by Obama and $2,545,325 by Keyes – is also among the largest in history in both absolute and relative terms.[55]

Obama-for-Senate float at the 2004 Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic

Fitzgerald's predecessor, Democrat Carol Moseley Braun, declined to run. Barack Obama, a member of the Illinois Senate since 1997 and an unsuccessful 2000 Democratic primary challenger to four-term incumbent U.S. Rep. Bobby Rush for Rush's U.S House seat, launched a campaign committee at the beginning of July 2002 to run for the U.S. Senate, 21 months before the March 2004 primary,[56] and two months later had David Axelrod lined up to do his campaign media.[57] Obama formally announced his candidacy on January 21, 2003,[58] four days after former U.S. Sen. Carol Moseley Braun announced she would not seek a rematch with U.S. Sen. Peter Fitzgerald.[59]

On April 15, 2003, with six Democrats already running and three Republicans threatening to run against him,[60] incumbent Fitzgerald announced he would not seek a second term in 2004,[61] and three weeks later popular Republican former Governor Jim Edgar declined to run,[62] leading to wide open Democratic and Republican primary races with 15 candidates, including 7 millionaires[63] (triggering the first application of the Millionaires' Amendment of the 2002 McCain–Feingold Act), in the most expensive Senate primary in U.S. history.[64]

Obama touted his legislative experience and early public opposition to the Iraq War to distinguish himself from his Democratic primary rivals. Illinois Comptroller Dan Hynes won the endorsement of the AFL–CIO. Obama succeeded in obtaining the support of three of the state's largest and most active member unions: AFSCME, SEIU, and the Illinois Federation of Teachers. Hynes and multimillionaire former securities trader Blair Hull each won the endorsements of two of the nine Democratic Illinois members of the US House of Representatives. Obama had the endorsements of four: Jesse Jackson, Jr., Danny Davis, Lane Evans, and Jan Schakowsky.

Obama surged into the lead after he finally began television advertising in Chicago in the final three weeks of the campaign, which was expanded to downstate Illinois during the last six days of the campaign. The ads included strong endorsements by the five largest newspapers in Illinois—the Chicago Tribune, Chicago Sun-Times, Daily Herald, The Rockford Register Star, and Peoria Journal Star—and a testimonial by Sheila Simon that Obama was "cut from that same cloth" as her father, the late former U.S. Senator Paul Simon, who had planned to endorse and campaign for Obama before his unexpected death in December 2003. [65][66][67][68][69][70]

On March 16, 2004, Obama won the Democratic primary by an unexpected landslide—receiving 53% of the vote, 29% ahead of his nearest Democratic rival, with a vote total that nearly equaled that of all eight Republican candidates combined—which overnight made him a rising star in the national Democratic Party, started speculation about a presidential future, and led to the reissue of his memoir, Dreams from My Father.[71][72][73] The Democratic primary election, including seven candidates who combined to spend over $46 million, was the most expensive U.S. Senate primary election in history.

Democratic Primary, United States Senate, March 16, 2004  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Barack Obama | 655,923  | 52.8  |
| Democratic | Daniel W. Hynes | 294,717  | 23.7  |
| Democratic | Blair Hull | 134,453  | 10.8  |
| Democratic | Maria Pappas | 74,987  | 6.0  |
| Democratic | Gery Chico | 53,433  | 4.3  |
| Democratic | Nancy Skinner | 16,098  | 1.3  |
| Democratic | Joyce Washington  | 13,375  | 1.1  |
| Democratic | Estella Johnson-Hunt (write-in)  | 10  | 0.0  |
Majority  | 361,206  | 29.4  |
Turnout | 1,242,996  |  |

GOP frontrunner Jack Ryan had divorced actress Jeri Ryan in 1999, and the records of the divorce were sealed at their mutual request. Five years later, when Ryan's Senate campaign began, the Chicago Tribune newspaper and WLS-TV, the local ABC affiliate, sought to have the records released. On March 3, 2004, several of Ryan's GOP primary opponents urged Ryan to release the records.[74] Both Ryan and his wife agreed to make their divorce records public, but not make the child custody records public, claiming that the custody records could be harmful to their son if released. Ryan went on to win the GOP primary on March 16, 2004, defeating his nearest competitor, Jim Oberweis, by twelve percentage points.[75]

Ryan was a proponent of across-the-board tax cuts and tort reform, an effort to limit payout in medical malpractice lawsuits. He was also a proponent of school choice and supported vouchers for private school students.

Oberweis's 2004 campaign was notable for a television commercial where he flew in a helicopter over Chicago's Soldier Field, and claimed enough illegal immigrants came into America in a week (10,000 a day) to fill the stadium's 61,500 seats.[76][77] Oberweis was also fined $21,000 by the Federal Election Commission for a commercial for his dairy that ran during his 2004 Senate campaign. The FEC ruled that the commercial wrongly benefited his campaign and constituted a corporate contribution, thus violating campaign law.[78]

Republican Primary, March 16, 2004  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Jack Ryan | 234,791  | 35.5  |
| Republican | Jim Oberweis | 155,794  | 23.5  |
| Republican | Steven J. Rauschenberger | 132,655  | 20.0  |
| Republican | Andrew McKenna | 97,238  | 14.7  |
| Republican | Jonathan C. Wright | 17,189  | 2.6  |
| Republican | John Borling  | 13,390  | 2.0  |
| Republican | Norm Hill  | 5,637  | 0.9  |
| Republican | Chirinjeev Kathuria  | 5,110  | 0.8  |
Majority  | 78,997  | 11.9  |
Turnout | 661,804  |  |

As a result of the GOP and Democratic primaries, Democrat Barack Obama was pitted against Republican Jack Ryan.

Ryan trailed Obama in early polls, after the media reported that Ryan had assigned Justin Warfel, a Ryan campaign worker, to track Obama's appearances.[79] The tactic backfired when many people, including Ryan's supporters, criticized this activity. Ryan's spokesman apologized, and promised that Warfel would give Obama more space. Obama acknowledged that it is standard practice to film an opponent in public, and Obama said he was satisfied with Ryan's decision to have Warfel back off.[79]

As the campaign progressed, the lawsuit brought by the Chicago Tribune to open child custody files from Ryan's divorce was still continuing. Barack Obama's backers emailed reporters about the divorce controversy, but refrained from on-the-record commentary.[80] On March 29, 2004, Los Angeles Superior Court Judge Robert Schnider ruled that several of the Ryans' divorce records should be opened to the public, and ruled that a court-appointed referee would later decide which custody files should remain sealed to protect the interests of Ryan's young child.[81] A few days later, on April 2, 2004, Barack Obama changed his position about the Ryans' soon-to-be-released divorce records, and called on Democrats to not inject them into the campaign.[80]

On June 22, 2004, after receiving the report from the court appointed referee, the judge released the files that were deemed consistent with the interests of Ryan's young child. In those files, Jeri Ryan alleged that Jack Ryan had taken her to sex clubs in several cities, intending for them to have sex in public.[82][83]

The decision to release the files generated much controversy because it went against both parents' direct request, and because it reversed the earlier decision to seal the papers in the best interest of the child. Jim Oberweis, Ryan's defeated GOP opponent, commented that "these are allegations made in a divorce hearing, and we all know people tend to say things that aren't necessarily true in divorce proceedings when there is money involved and custody of children involved."[82]

Although their sensational nature made the revelations fodder for tabloid and television programs specializing in such stories, the files were also newsworthy because of questions about whether Ryan had accurately described the documents to GOP party leaders. Prior to release of the documents, Ryan had told leading Republicans that five percent of the divorce file could cause problems for his campaign.[84] But after the documents were released, GOP officials including state GOP Chair Judy Baar Topinka said they felt Ryan had misleadingly indicated the divorce records would not be embarrassing.[85]

That charge of dishonesty led to intensifying calls for Ryan's withdrawal, though Topinka, who was considering running herself, said after the June 25 withdrawal that Ryan's "decision was a personal one" and that the state GOP had not pressured Ryan to drop out.[86] Ryan's campaign ended less than a week after the custody records were opened, and Ryan officially filed the documentation to withdraw on July 29, 2004. Obama was left without an opponent.

The Illinois Republican State Central Committee chose former diplomat Alan Keyes to replace Ryan as the Republican candidate. Keyes, a conservative Republican from Maryland, faced an uphill battle. First, Keyes had few ties to Illinois political leaders. Second, the lack of an opponent allowed Obama to campaign throughout the more conservative downstate regions to build up name recognition. Third, Keyes was seen as a carpetbagger, only establishing legal residency in Calumet City, Illinois days before running.

The Chicago Tribune in an editorial, stated that "Mr. Keyes may have noticed a large body of water as he flew into O'Hare. That is called Lake Michigan."[87] In 2000, Keyes attacked Hillary Clinton for running for US Senator from New York even though she had never lived there, calling her a carpetbagger.[88] Keyes attacked Barack Obama for voting against a bill that would have outlawed a form of late-term abortion.[89]

Obama ran the most successful Senate campaign in 2004, and was so far ahead in polls that he soon began to campaign outside of Illinois in support of other Democratic candidates. He gave large sums of campaign funds to other candidates and the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee and sent many of his volunteers to work on other races, including that of eventual three-term Congresswoman Melissa Bean who defeated then-Congressman Phil Crane in that year's election. Obama and Keyes differed on many issues including school vouchers and tax cuts, both of which Keyes supported and Obama opposed.[90]

Illinois general election  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Barack Obama | 3,597,456  | 70.0  | +22.6%
| Republican | Alan Keyes | 1,390,690  | 27.0  | −23.3%
| Independent | Al Franzen  | 81,164  | 1.6  |
| Libertarian | Jerry Kohn  | 69,253  | 1.3  |
| Write-ins  |  | 2,957  | 0.1  |
Majority  | 2,206,766  | 43.0  | +40.1%
Turnout | 5,350,493  | 71.3  |

The Obama-Keyes race was one of the first to be called on Election Day, November 2, 2004.

At the start of Keyes's candidacy in August, Keyes had 24% support in the polls. He received 27% of the vote in the November general election to Obama's 70%.[91]

Following the election, Keyes refused to call Obama to congratulate him. Media reports claimed that Keyes also failed to concede the race to Obama.[citation needed] Two days after the election, a Two days after the electionradio interviewer asked Keyes whether he had conceded the race. Keyes replied, "Of course I've conceded the race. I mean, I gave my speech to that effect."[92]

On the radio program, Keyes explained that his refusal to congratulate Obama was "not anything personal," but was meant to make a statement against "extend[ing] false congratulations to the triumph of what we have declared to be across the line." He said that Obama's position on moral issues regarding life and the family had crossed that line. "I'm supposed to make a call that represents the congratulations toward the triumph of that which I believe ultimately stands for ... a culture evil enough to destroy the very soul and heart of my country? I can't do this. And I will not make a false gesture," Keyes said.[92]

## Indiana

[edit]

Indiana Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Evan Bayh | Marvin Scott |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 1,496,976 | 903,913
Percentage  | 61.7% | 37.2%

* * *

County results
Bayh:  50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Scott:  40–50% 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Evan Bayh
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Evan Bayh
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Indiana

See also: List of United States senators from Indiana

Incumbent Democrat Evan Bayh won re-election to a second term, beating Republican Marvin Scott, a professor at Butler University.

In September, Bayh had $6.5 million cash on hand. Scott's strategy of trying to paint Bayh as too liberal failed to gain traction. Bayh was viewed early in 2004 as a serious vice presidential candidate for John Kerry. Bayh was on the final shortlist for a Kerry running mate, but North Carolina Senator John Edwards was chosen as Kerry's running mate.

Bayh won 86 of Indiana's counties compared to 6 for Scott.[93]

Indiana general election[94] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Evan Bayh (incumbent)  | 1,496,976  | 61.7  |
| Republican | Marvin Scott | 903,913  | 37.2  |
| Libertarian | Albert Barger  | 27,344  | 1.1  |
Majority  | 593,063  |  |
Turnout | 2,428,233  | 58.0  |

## Iowa

[edit]

Iowa Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Chuck Grassley | Arthur A. Small |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 1,038,175 | 412,365
Percentage  | 70.2% | 27.9%

* * *

County results
Grassley: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90% >90%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Chuck Grassley
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Grassley
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Iowa

See also: List of United States senators from Iowa

Incumbent Republican Chuck Grassley won a fifth term, beating former Democratic Iowa State Senator Arthur A. Small. Though this election coincided with the highly competitive presidential election in Iowa, Grassley was in little danger of losing his seat and defeated Small handily.

Democratic primary[95] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Arthur A. Small | 52,318  | 99.25
| Democratic | Write-ins  | 398  | 0.75
Total votes  | 52,716  | 100.00
Republican primary[95] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Chuck Grassley (Incumbent)  | 78,819  | 99.72
| Republican | Write-ins  | 218  | 0.28
Total votes  | 79,037  | 100.00%
Iowa general election[9] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Chuck Grassley (Incumbent)  | 1,038,175  | 70.18  | +1.77%
| Democratic | Arthur A. Small | 412,365  | 27.88  | −2.62%
| Libertarian | Christy Ann Welty  | 15,218  | 1.03  |
| Green | Daryl A. Northrop  | 11,121  | 0.75  |
| Socialist Workers | Edwin Fruit  | 1,874  | 0.13  | −0.14%
| Write-ins  |  | 475  | 0.03  |
Majority  | 625,810  | 42.31  | +4.39%
Turnout | 1,479,228  |  |

## Kansas

[edit]

Kansas Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Sam Brownback | Lee Jones  |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 780,863 | 310,337
Percentage  | 69.2% | 27.5%

* * *

County results
Brownback: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
80–90% >90%
Jones: 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Sam Brownback
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Sam Brownback
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Kansas

See also: List of United States senators from Kansas

Incumbent Republican Sam Brownback won re-election to a second term over Democratic railroad engineer Lee Jones.

Democratic primary[96] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Robert A. Conroy  | 61,052  | 55.92
| Democratic | Lee Jones  | 48,133  | 44.08
Total votes  | 109,185  | 100.00

Though Robert Conroy won the Democratic nomination, he dropped out of the race shortly after becoming the nominee, noting that he expected Jones to win and was tired of campaigning. The Kansas Democratic Party selected Lee Jones as the replacement candidate.[97]

Republican primary[96] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Sam Brownback (Incumbent)  | 286,839  | 86.99
| Republican | Arch Naramore  | 42,880  | 13.01
Total votes  | 329,719  | 100.00

Brownback raised $2.5 million for his re-election campaign, while Jones raised only $90,000. Kansas last elected a Democratic senator in 1932. Brownback was very popular in the state.[98]

Kansas general election[99] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Sam Brownback (Incumbent)  | 780,863  | 69.16  | +3.90%
| Democratic | Lee Jones  | 310,337  | 27.49  | −4.10%
| Libertarian | Steven A. Rosile  | 21,842  | 1.93  | +0.35%
| Reform | George Cook  | 15,980  | 1.42  | −0.14%
Majority  | 470,526  | 41.68  | +8.00%
Turnout | 1,129,022  |  |

## Kentucky

[edit]

Kentucky Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Jim Bunning | Daniel Mongiardo |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 873,507 | 850,855
Percentage  | 50.7% | 49.3%

* * *

County results
Bunning: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Mongiardo: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Jim Bunning
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Jim Bunning
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Kentucky

See also: List of United States senators from Kentucky

Incumbent Republican Jim Bunning won re-election to a second term. Democratic primary front runner Paul E. Patton, the governor, saw his career implode in a scandal over an extramarital affair. Eventually, the Democrats settled on Daniel Mongiardo, a relatively unknown doctor and state senator from Hazard, Kentucky.[100]

Democratic primary[101] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Daniel Mongiardo  | 142,162  | 64.92
| Democratic | David L. Williams  | 76,807  | 35.08
Total votes  | 218,969  | 100.00
Republican primary[101] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Jim Bunning (incumbent)  | 96,545  | 84.00
| Republican | Barry Metcalf  | 18,395  | 16.00
Total votes  | 114,940  | 100.00

During his re-election bid in 2004, controversy erupted when Bunning described Mongiardo as looking "like one of Saddam Hussein's sons." Bunning apologized, then later went on to declare that Mongiardo's "thugs" had assaulted his wife.[102][103]

Bunning had an estimated $4 million campaign war chest, while Mongiardo had only $600,000. The Democrats began increasing financial support to Mongiardo when it became apparent that Bunning's bizarre behavior was costing him votes, purchasing more than $800,000 worth of additional television airtime on his behalf.

The November 2 election was one of the closest in Kentucky history. The race turned out to be very close, with Mongiardo leading with as many as 80% of the returns coming in. However, Bunning eventually won by just over one percentage point. Some analysts felt that because of President George Bush's 20% margin of victory in the state, Bunning was able to effectively ride the President's coattails to victory.

Kentucky general election[104] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Jim Bunning (incumbent)  | 873,507  | 50.66  | +0.91%
| Democratic | Daniel Mongiardo  | 850,855  | 49.34  | +0.18%
Turnout | 1,724,362  |  |

## Louisiana

[edit]

Louisiana Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | David Vitter | Chris John |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 943,014  | 542,150
Percentage  | 51.0% | 29.3%

* * *

|  |
Nominee  | John Neely Kennedy |  |
Party  | Democratic |
Popular vote  | 275,821  |
Percentage  | 14.9%  |

* * *

Parish results
Vitter:  30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
John:  30–40% 40–50% 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

John Breaux
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

David Vitter
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Louisiana

See also: List of United States senators from Louisiana

Incumbent Democrat John Breaux retired. Republican U.S. Representative David Vitter won the jungle primary over Democratic U.S. Representative Chris John with 51% of the vote and avoided a runoff.

Breaux endorsed Chris John prior to the jungle primary.[105]

During the campaign, Vitter was accused by a member of the Louisiana Republican State Central Committee of having had a lengthy affair with a prostitute in New Orleans. Vitter responded that the allegation was "absolutely and completely untrue" and that it was "just crass Louisiana politics." The allegation later turned out to be true.[106]

Vitter won the Louisiana jungle primary with 51% of the vote, avoiding the need for a runoff. John received 29.2% of the vote and Kennedy (no relation to the Massachusetts Kennedys), took 14.9%.

Vitter won at least a plurality in 56 of Louisiana's 64 parishes. John carried nine parishes, all but two of which (Iberville and Orleans) are part of the House district he represented.

Kennedy changed parties and ran as Republican in 2008 against Louisiana's senior senator, Democrat Mary Landrieu. Landrieu was re-elected. Kennedy succeeded Vitter when he won the 2016 election for the seat over Democrat Foster Campbell.

Vitter was the first Republican in Louisiana to be popularly elected as a U.S. Senator. The previous Republican Senator, William Pitt Kellogg, was chosen by the state legislature in 1876, in accordance with the process used before the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution went into effect in 1914.[107]

2004 Louisiana United States Senate election  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | David Vitter  | 943,014  | 51.03  |
| Democratic | Chris John  | 542,150  | 29.34  |
| Democratic | John Neely Kennedy  | 275,821  | 14.92  |
| Democratic | Arthur A. Morrell  | 47,222  | 2.56  |
| Independent | Richard M. Fontanesi  | 15,097  | 0.82  |
| Independent | R. A. "Skip" Galan  | 12,463  | 0.67  |
| Democratic | Sam Houston Melton, Jr.  | 12,289  | 0.66  |
Majority  | 400,864  | 21.69  |
Turnout | 1,848,056  |  |

## Maryland

[edit]

Maryland Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Barbara Mikulski | E. J. Pipkin |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 1,504,691 | 783,055
Percentage  | 64.8% | 33.7%

* * *

County results
Mikulski: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Pipkin: 50–60% 60–70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Barbara Mikulski
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Barbara Mikulski
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Maryland

See also: List of United States senators from Maryland

Incumbent Democrat Barbara Mikulski won re-election to a fourth term over Republican State Senator E. J. Pipkin.

Democratic primary[108] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Barbara A. Mikulski (Incumbent)  | 408,848  | 89.88
| Democratic | A. Robert Kaufman | 32,127  | 7.06
| Democratic | Sid Altman  | 13,901  | 3.06
Total votes  | 454,876  | 100.00
Republican primary[108] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | E. J. Pipkin  | 70,229  | 50.58
| Republican | John Stafford  | 14,661  | 10.56
| Republican | Eileen Martin  | 11,748  | 8.46
| Republican | Dorothy Curry Jennings  | 10,401  | 7.49
| Republican | Earl S. Gordon  | 8,233  | 5.93
| Republican | Gene Zarwell  | 6,865  | 4.94
| Republican | Ray Bly  | 6,244  | 4.50
| Republican | James A. Kodak  | 5,328  | 3.84
| Republican | Corrogan R. Vaughn  | 5,146  | 3.71
Total votes  | 138,855  | 100.00
Maryland general election[109] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Barbara A. Mikulski (Incumbent)  | 1,504,691  | 64.80  | −5.70%
| Republican | E. J. Pipkin  | 783,055  | 33.72  | +4.23%
| Green | Maria Allwine  | 24,816  | 1.07  |
| Constitution | Thomas Trump  | 9,009  | 0.39  |
| Write-ins  |  | 360  | 0.02  |
Majority  | 721,636  | 31.08  | −9.93%
Total votes  | 2,321,931  | 100.00  |

## Missouri

[edit]

Missouri Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Kit Bond | Nancy Farmer |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 1,518,089 | 1,158,261
Percentage  | 56.1% | 42.8%

* * *

County results

Bond: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90%

Farmer: 50–60% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Kit Bond
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Kit Bond
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Missouri

See also: List of United States senators from Missouri

Incumbent Republican Kit Bond won re-election to a fourth term over Nancy Farmer, State Treasurer of Missouri and former Missouri State Representative.[110]

Democratic primary[111] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Nancy Farmer  | 544,830  | 73.68
| Democratic | Charles Berry  | 143,229  | 19.37
| Democratic | Ronald Bonar  | 51,375  | 6.95
Total votes  | 739,434  | 100.00
Libertarian primary[111] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Libertarian | Kevin Tull  | 3,916  | 100.00
Total votes  | 3,916  | 100.00
Republican primary[111] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Kit Bond (Incumbent)  | 541,998  | 88.08
| Republican | Mike Steger  | 73,354  | 11.92
Total votes  | 615,352  | 100.00
Missouri general election[112] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Kit Bond (Incumbent)  | 1,518,089  | 56.09  | +3.42%
| Democratic | Nancy Farmer  | 1,158,261  | 42.80  | −0.97%
| Libertarian | Kevin Tull  | 19,648  | 0.73  | −1.30%
| Constitution | Don Griffin  | 10,404  | 0.38  |
Majority  | 359,828  | 13.30  | +4.39%
Turnout | 2,706,402  |  |

## Nevada

[edit]

Nevada Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Harry Reid | Richard Ziser |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 494,805 | 284,640
Percentage  | 61.0% | 35.1%

* * *

County results
Reid: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%
Ziser: 40–50% 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Harry Reid
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Harry Reid
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Nevada

See also: List of United States senators from Nevada

Incumbent Democrat Harry Reid, the Senate Minority Whip, won re-election to a fourth term over Republican anti-gay marriage activist Richard Ziser.

Republican primary[113] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Richard Ziser  | 40,533  | 33.50
| Republican | Kenneth A. Wegner  | 21,406  | 17.69
| Republican | Robert Brown  | 19,553  | 16.16
| Republican | None of these candidates  | 16,827  | 13.91
| Republican | Royle Melton  | 10,552  | 8.72
| Republican | Cherie M. Tilley  | 10,357  | 8.56
| Republican | Carlo Poliak  | 1,769  | 1.46
Total votes  | 120,997  | 100.00
Nevada general election[114] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Harry Reid (Incumbent)  | 494,805  | 61.08  | +13.22%
| Republican | Richard Ziser | 284,640  | 35.14  | −12.63%
| None of These Candidates | 12,968  | 1.60  | -0.26%
| Libertarian | Thomas L. Hurst  | 9,559  | 1.18  | −0.69%
| Independent American Party (Nevada) | David K. Schumann  | 6,001  | 0.74  |
| Natural Law | Gary Marinch  | 2,095  | 0.26  | −0.38%
Majority  | 210,165  | 25.94  | +25.85%
Turnout | 810,068  |  |

## New Hampshire

[edit]

New Hampshire Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Judd Gregg | Doris Haddock |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 434,847 | 221,549
Percentage  | 66.2% | 33.7%

* * *

County results

Municipality results

Gregg: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%
Haddock: 50–60% 60–70% 80–90%
Tie: 50%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Judd Gregg
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Judd Gregg
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

See also: List of United States senators from New Hampshire

Incumbent Republican Judd Gregg won re-election to his third term, easily beating Democratic activist Doris Haddock.

NH U.S. Senate Election, 2004[115] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Judd Gregg (incumbent)  | 434,847  | 66.2  |
| Democratic | Doris R. Haddock  | 221,549  | 33.7  |
| Libertarian | Ken Blevens  | 102  | 0.0  |
Total votes  | 657,086  | 100.00  |

## New York

[edit]

2004 United States Senate election in New York

* * *

| <- 1998 | November 2, 2004 | 2010 ->

|
|

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Chuck Schumer | Howard Mills |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 4,769,824 | 1,625,069
Percentage  | 71.2% | 24.2%

* * *

County Results

Schumer: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90% >90%

Mills: 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Chuck Schumer
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in New York

See also: List of United States senators from New York

Incumbent Democrat Chuck Schumer won re-election to his second term, easily beating Republican Howard Mills.

2004 United States Senate election, New York[116] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Chuck Schumer | 4,384,907 |  |
| Independence | Chuck Schumer | 216,198 |  |
| Working Families | Chuck Schumer | 168,719 |  |
| total | Chuck Schumer (Incumbent) | 4,769,824 | 71.2% |
| Republican | Howard Mills | 1,625,069  | 24.2%  |
| Conservative | Marilyn O'Grady | 220,960  | 3.3%  |
| Green | David McReynolds | 36,942  | 0.3%  |
| Libertarian | Don Silberger | 19,073  | 0.3%  |
| Builders Party  | Abe Hirschfeld | 16,196  | 0.2%  |
| Socialist Workers | Martin Koppel | 14,811  | 0.2%  |
Majority  | 3,144,755  | 46.92%  |
Turnout | 6,702,875  |  |
| Democratic hold | Swing |  |

## North Carolina

[edit]

North Carolina Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Richard Burr | Erskine Bowles |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 1,791,450 | 1,632,527
Percentage  | 51.6% | 47.0%

* * *

Burr: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Bowles: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

John Edwards
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Richard Burr
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in North Carolina

See also: List of United States senators from North Carolina

Incumbent Democrat John Edwards decided to retire from the Senate, ran unsuccessfully for the 2004 Democratic Party presidential nomination, and became his party's vice presidential nominee. Republican Richard Burr won the open seat.

Erskine Bowles won the Democratic Party's nomination unopposed. He had been the party's nominee for the state's other Senate seat in 2002.

Republican primary[117] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Richard Burr | 302,319  | 87.92  | N/A
| Republican | John Ross Hendrix | 25,971  | 7.55  | N/A
| Republican | Albert Wiley | 15,585  | 4.53  | N/A
Turnout | 343,875  |  |

Both major-party candidates engaged in negative campaign tactics, with Bowles' campaign attacking Burr for special interest donations and his positions on trade legislation, and Burr's campaign attacking Bowles for his connections to the Clinton administration. Both attacks had basis in reality: Burr's campaign raised funds from numerous political action committees and at least 72 of the 100 largest Fortune 500 companies, while Bowles departed from the Clinton administration in the midst of the Monica Lewinsky scandal.

Burr won the election by 4%. He joined the Senate in January 2005. Bowles went on to become the president of the UNC system.

North Carolina general election[117] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Richard Burr | 1,791,450  | 51.60  | +4.58%
| Democratic | Erskine Bowles | 1,632,527  | 47.02  | –4.13%
| Libertarian | Tom Bailey | 47,743  | 1.38  | –0.46%
| Nonpartisan  | Walker F. Rucker (write-in)  | 362  | 0.01  | N/A
Turnout | 3,471,720  |  |

## North Dakota

[edit]

North Dakota Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Byron Dorgan | Mike Liffrig  |
Party  | Democratic–NPL | Republican
Popular vote  | 212,143 | 98,553
Percentage  | 68.3% | 31.7%

* * *

County results
Dorgan: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Byron Dorgan
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Byron Dorgan
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in North Dakota

See also: List of United States senators from North Dakota

Incumbent Democrat Byron Dorgan won re-election to a third term over Republican attorney Mike Liffrig.[118][119]

2004 United States Senate election in North Dakota Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic–NPL | Byron Dorgan (Incumbent)  | 149,936  | 68.28
| Republican | Mike Liffrig | 98,553  | 31.72
Total votes  | 310,696  | 64.90

## Ohio

[edit]

Ohio Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | George Voinovich | Eric Fingerhut |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 3,464,651 | 1,961,249
Percentage  | 63.9% | 36.1%

* * *

Voinovich: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

George Voinovich
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

George Voinovich
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Ohio

See also: List of United States senators from Ohio

Incumbent Republican George Voinovich won re-election to a second term over Democrat Eric Fingerhut, state senator and former U.S. Representative from Ohio's 19th congressional district.

Republican primary[120] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | George Voinovich (Incumbent)  | 640,082  | 76.61
| Republican | John Mitchel  | 195,476  | 23.39
Total votes  | 835,558  | 100.00
Democratic primary[121] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Eric Fingerhut  | 672,989  | 70.79
| Democratic | Norbert Dennerll  | 277,721  | 29.21
Total votes  | 950,710  | 100.00

A popular U.S. Senator, Voinovich was the heavy favorite to win the election. He had over $9 million in the bank, while his opponent barely had $1.5 million.[122] Fingerhut's campaign was overshadowed by the possible campaign of Democrat and former mayor of Cincinnati Jerry Springer, who eventually declined to run.

Voinovich was considered[by whom?] a moderate on some issues. He supported gun control and amnesty for illegal immigrants.[123]

Surprisingly,[citation needed] Voinovich's biggest advantage was getting support from the most Democratic-leaning county in the state, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Kerry carried it with almost 67% of the vote, by far his best performance in the state in 2004. It is the home of Cleveland and it is also most populous county in the state. Voinovich was a former mayor of Cleveland. In addition, he catered to Cleveland's large Jewish population by visiting Israel six times as a first-term U.S. Senator. He also consistently voted for aid to Israel through foreign appropriations bills. He's supported resolutions reaffirming Israel's right to self-defense and condemned Palestinian terrorist attacks.[124] In addition, Fingerhut's home base was in the Cleveland area, and therefore he had to cut in through the incumbent's home base in order to even make the election close.

In a September University of Cincinnati poll, the incumbent lead 64% to 34%.[125] In an October ABC News poll, Voinovich was winning 60% to 35%. He led across almost all demographic groups Only among Democrats, non-whites, liberals, and those who pick health care as #1 issue favor Fingerhut. It should be noted[citation needed] that the election coincided with the presidential election, where Ohio was a swing state. 27% of Voinovich's supporters preferred U.S. Senator John Kerry for president.[126]

Ohio general election[127] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | George Voinovich (Incumbent)  | 3,464,651  | 63.85
| Democratic | Eric Fingerhut | 1,961,249  | 36.14
| Independent | Helen Meyers  | 296  | 0.01
Turnout | 5,426,196  | 100.00

## Oklahoma

[edit]

Oklahoma Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Tom Coburn | Brad Carson |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 763,433 | 596,750
Percentage  | 52.8% | 41.2%

* * *

|  |
Nominee  | Sheila Bilyeu  |  |
Party  | Independent |
Popular vote  | 86,663  |
Percentage  | 6.0%  |

* * *

County results
Coburn: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Carson: 40–50% 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Don Nickles
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Tom Coburn
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Oklahoma

See also: List of United States senators from Oklahoma

Incumbent Republican Don Nickles decided to retire instead of seeking a fifth term. Republican nominee Tom Coburn won the open seat, beating Brad Carson, a Democratic U.S. Representative.

Democratic primary[128] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Brad Carson  | 280,026  | 79.37
| Democratic | Carroll Fisher  | 28,385  | 8.05
| Democratic | Jim Rogers  | 20,179  | 5.72
| Democratic | Monte E. Johnson  | 17,274  | 4.90
| Democratic | W. B. G. Woodson  | 6,932  | 1.96
Total votes  | 352,796  | 100.00

Kirk Humphreys, the former mayor of Oklahoma City, ran for the United States Senate with institutional conservative support, namely from Senators Don Nickles and Jim Inhofe, as well as former Congressman J. C. Watts. However, Coburn received support from the Club for Growth and conservative activists within Oklahoma. Humphreys noted, "[Coburn is] kind of a cult hero in the conservative portion of our party, not just in Oklahoma. You can't get right of the guy."[129] Much of Coburn's celebrity within the Republican Party came from his tenure in Congress, where he battled House Speaker Newt Gingrich, who he argued was moving the party to the center of the political spectrum due to their excessive federal spending.[130] Coburn's maverick nature culminated itself in 2000 when he backed conservative activist Alan Keyes for President rather than George W. Bush or John McCain.

Ultimately, Coburn triumphed over Humphreys, Anthony, and Hunt in the primary, winning every county in Oklahoma except for tiny Harmon County.

Republican primary[128] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Tom Coburn  | 145,974  | 61.23
| Republican | Kirk Humphreys  | 59,877  | 25.12
| Republican | Bob Anthony  | 29,596  | 12.41
| Republican | Jay Richard Hunt  | 2,944  | 1.23
Total votes  | 238,391  | 100.00

Carson and Coburn engaged each other head-on in one of the year's most brutal Senate contests. Coburn and the National Republican Senatorial Committee attacked Carson for being too liberal for Oklahoma and for being a vote in lockstep with John Kerry, Hillary Clinton, and Ted Kennedy. To drive the point home, one television advertisement aired by the Coburn campaign accused Carson of being "dangerously liberal" and not supporting the War on Terrorism.[131] Coburn was aided in this effort by the fact that the Kerry campaign did not contest the state of Oklahoma and that incumbent President George W. Bush was expected to win Oklahoma comfortably. This was compounded by the fact that Vice-President Dick Cheney campaigned for Coburn and appeared in several television advertisements for him.[132] Carson countered by emphasizing his Stilwell roots[133] and his moderation, specifically, bringing attention to the fact that he fought for greater governmental oversight of nursing home care for the elderly.[134] Carson responded to the attacks against him by countering that his opponent had committed Medicaid fraud years prior, in an event that reportedly left a woman sterilized without her consent.[135] Ultimately, however, Carson was not able to overcome Oklahoma's conservative nature and Senator Kerry's abysmal performance in Oklahoma, and he was defeated by Coburn by 11.5%. As of 2022, the result remains the closest the Democrats have come to winning a Senate election in Oklahoma since Republican Don Nickles was first elected to the Senate by 8.7% in 1980.

2004 United States Senate election in Oklahoma[9] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Tom Coburn | 763,433  | 52.77  | −13.62%
| Democratic | Brad Carson | 596,750  | 41.24  | +9.97%
| Independent | Sheila Bilyeu | 86,663  | 5.99  |
Majority  | 166,683  | 11.52  | −23.58%
Turnout | 1,446,846  |  |

## Oregon

[edit]

Oregon Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Ron Wyden | Al King  |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 1,128,728 | 565,254
Percentage  | 63.4% | 31.8%

* * *

County results

Wyden: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

King: 40–50% 50–60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Ron Wyden
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Ron Wyden
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Oregon

See also: List of United States senators from Oregon

Incumbent Democrat Ron Wyden won re-election to a second full term over Republican rancher Al King.[136]

Oregon general election[137] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Ron Wyden (incumbent)  | 1,128,728  | 63.39  | +2.34%
| Republican | Al King  | 565,254  | 31.75  | −2.04%
| Pacific Green | Teresa Keane  | 43,053  | 2.41  | +0.44%
| Libertarian | Dan Fitzgerald  | 29,582  | 1.66  | +0.03%
| Constitution | David Brownlow  | 12,397  | 0.70  | +0.70%
| Write-In | Misc.  | 1,536  | 0.08  | −0.05%
Majority  | 563,474  | 31.64  | +5.90%
Turnout | 1,780,550  |  |

## Pennsylvania

[edit]

Pennsylvania Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Arlen Specter | Joe Hoeffel |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 2,925,080 | 2,334,126
Percentage  | 52.6% | 41.9%

* * *

County results

Specter: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

Hoeffel: 40–50% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Arlen Specter
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Arlen Specter
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania

Incumbent Republican Arlen Specter won re-election to a fifth term.

Democrats had difficulty recruiting top tier candidates against the popular Specter. Among the Democrats to decline to run for the nomination were Treasurer (and former Republican) Barbara Hafer, Public Utilities Commissioner John Hanger, real estate mogul Howard Hanna, State Representative (and also former Republican) John Lawless, and State Senator (and future Congresswoman) Allyson Schwartz.[138]

Congressman Hoeffel ended up running unopposed for the Democratic nomination. Software businessman Charlie Crystle was considered a strong possible candidate, but he dropped out before the election.[138][139]

Democratic Primary Election  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Joe Hoeffel | 595,816  | 100.00  |
U.S. Representative Pat Toomey GOP Primary results by county

Specter

* 50–60%

* 60–70%

Toomey

* 50–60%

* 60–70%

Specter faced a primary challenge from U.S. Representative Pat Toomey. Despite the state Republican Party's strong history of embracing a moderate philosophy, the influence of conservatism among rank-and-file members had been steadily growing for decades; because of his liberal social views, Specter was often considered to be a "Republican in Name Only" by the right.[140] Although Specter had a huge fundraising advantage, Toomey was aided by $2 million of advertising from the Club for Growth, a conservative political action committee that focuses on fiscal issues and targets moderate Republican incumbents. Toomey criticized Specter as a spendthrift on economic policy and as out of touch with his own party on social issues. Although Toomey had difficulty with name recognition early in the campaign, he built huge momentum over the final weeks preceding the primary, and Specter appeared to have transitioned from having a comfortable lead to being behind his challenger [140]

Specter received a huge boost from the vocal support of President George W. Bush; most of the state's Republican establishment also closed ranks behind Specter. This included Pennsylvania's other U.S. Senator, Rick Santorum, who was noted for his social conservative views. Many Republicans at the state and national level feared that if Toomey beat Specter, he wouldn't be able to defend the seat against his Democratic opponent.[141]

Republican primary[142] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Arlen Specter (incumbent)  | 530,839  | 50.82  |
| Republican | Pat Toomey | 513,693  | 49.18  |

For Democrats, hope of winning the election centered on Toomey's defeat of Specter. However, after the challenge from the right failed, enthusiasm from the party establishment waned and Hoeffel had difficulty matching the name recognition and fundraising power of his opponent [143] Despite contempt from conservatives, Specter enjoyed high levels of support from independent voters and, as in previous elections, a surprisingly large crossover from Democratic voters. Even in the areas in which Toomey performed best in the Republican primary (mainly the state's conservative, rural center), Specter performed well. Except for his large margin of victory in almost uniformly Democratic Philadelphia, Hoeffel was crushed at the polls; his only other wins came by close margins in three metro Pittsburgh counties; although President Bush proved to be unpopular in the state, voters were not willing to abandon Specter over party affiliation. Toomey would go on to elect in the U.S. Senate in 2010.[144]

Pennsylvania General[145] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Arlen Specter (incumbent)  | 2,925,080  | 52.62  |
| Democratic | Joe Hoeffel | 2,334,126  | 41.99  |
| Constitution | Jim Clymer  | 220,056  | 3.96  |
| Libertarian | Betsy Summers  | 79,263  | 1.43  |
Total votes  | 5,559,105  | 100.00  |

## South Carolina

[edit]

South Carolina Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Jim DeMint | Inez Tenenbaum |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 857,167 | 704,384
Percentage  | 53.7% | 44.1%

* * *

County results

DeMint: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

Tenenbaum: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Fritz Hollings
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Jim DeMint
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in South Carolina

See also: List of United States senators from South Carolina

Incumbent Democrat Fritz Hollings decided to retire. Jim DeMint, a Republican U.S. Representative won the open seat over Democrat Inez Tenenbaum, the South Carolina Superintendent of Education.

Democratic primary[146] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Inez Tenenbaum  | 126,720  | 75.5
| Democratic | Ben Frasier  | 41,070  | 24.5

The Senate election two years earlier in 2002 did not have a primary election because the South Carolina Republicans were more preoccupied with the gubernatorial contest, despite having the first open senate seat in 40 years. The retirement of Democratic Senator Fritz Hollings gave the Republicans an opportunity to pick up the seat and with no other interesting positions up for election in 2004, a crowded field developed in the Republican primary. Furthermore, the Republicans were motivated by having President Bush at the top of the ticket enabling them to ride his coattails to victory.

Former Governor David Beasley, from the Pee Dee, entered the race and quickly emerged as the frontrunner because of his support from the evangelical voters. However, during his term as governor from 1994 to 1998 he had greatly angered the electorate by proposing to remove the Confederate Naval Jack from the dome of the statehouse and by being against the adoption of a state lottery to provide for college scholarships. Both positions led to the loss of his re-election in 1998 and the issues continued to trouble him in the Senate race.

The battle for second place in the primary was between Upstate congressman, Jim DeMint, and Charleston developer Thomas Ravenel. DeMint was able to squeak out a second-place finish because Charlie Condon, a former Attorney General of South Carolina, split the Lowcountry vote with Ravenel thus providing DeMint the margin he needed. In addition, while many voters were attracted to the Ravenel campaign and felt that he had a future in politics, they believed that he should set his sights on a less high-profile office first before trying to become senator. Resigned to defeat, Ravenel endorsed DeMint in the runoff election.

In the runoff election on June 22, 2004, DeMint scored a surprising victory over Beasley. Ravenel's endorsement of DeMint proved crucial as the Lowcountry counties heavily went for the Representative from the Upstate. Also, Beasley had burnt too many bridges while governor and was unable to increase his share of the vote in the runoff.

Republican Primary Election

Candidate  | Votes  | %
David Beasley  | 107,847  | 36.6%
Jim DeMint  | 77,567  | 26.3%
Thomas Ravenel  | 73,167  | 24.8%
Charlie Condon  | 27,694  | 9.4%
Mark McBride  | 6,479  | 2.2%
Orly Benny Davis  | 1,915  | 0.7%
Republican Primary Election Runoff

Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%
Jim DeMint | 154,644  | 59.2%  | +32.9%
David Beasley | 106,480  | 40.8%  | +4.2%

DeMint entered the general election campaign severely weakened from the primary fight, having spent most of his campaign funds. He stressed to the voters that he would follow conservative principles and provide an important Republican vote in the closely divided Senate. Democrats fared poorly in statewide elections in South Carolina, so Tenenbaum tried to make the race about issues rather than party identification. She attacked DeMint's support of the FairTax proposal because it would increase the sales tax by 23%. The election victory by DeMint merely cemented South Carolina's shift to the Republican column as the best candidate the Democrats could offer was soundly defeated by the typical 10 point margin.

South Carolina U.S. Senate Election, 2004  Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Jim DeMint | 857,167  | 53.6  | +7.9%
| Democratic | Inez Tenenbaum | 704,384  | 44.1  | −8.6%
| Constitution | Patrick Tyndall  | 13,464  | 0.8  | +0.8%
| Libertarian | Rebekah E. Sutherland  | 10,678  | 0.7  | −0.9%
| United Citizens Party | Tee Ferguson | 5,859  | 0.4  | +0.4%
| Green | Efia Nwangaza*  | 4,245  | 0.3  | +0.3%
| No party | Write-Ins | 1,286  | 0.1  | +0.1%
Majority  | 152,783  | 9.5  | +2.5%
Turnout | 1,597,221  | 69.0  | +16.2%

* Efia Nwangaza ran under the Independence Party in Aiken and Calhoun counties; her totals are combined.

## South Dakota

[edit]

South Dakota Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | John Thune | Tom Daschle |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 197,848 | 193,340
Percentage  | 50.6% | 49.4%

* * *

County results
Thune:  50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
Daschle:  50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Tom Daschle
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

John Thune
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in South Dakota

See also: List of United States senators from South Dakota

In the 2004 congressional elections, Daschle lost his seat to Republican challenger and former U.S. Representative John Thune in a bitterly contested battle. Thune prevailed by a narrow 50.6–49.4% margin, of 4,508 votes. Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist visited South Dakota to campaign for Thune, breaking an unwritten tradition that one party's leader in the Senate would not campaign directly for the other's defeat. Daschle's loss resulted in the first defeat of a Senate floor leader since 1952 when Arizona Senator Ernest McFarland lost his seat to Barry Goldwater. Daschle's Senate term expired on January 3, 2005.

Throughout the campaign, Thune, along with Frist, President Bush, and Vice President Cheney, frequently accused Daschle of being the "chief obstructionist" of Bush's agenda and charged him with using filibusters to block confirmation of several of Bush's nominees to the federal judiciary. Thune also used moral values such as issues surrounding same-sex marriage and abortion to convince South Dakota voters that Daschle's positions on such topics were out-of-sync with the state's residents. The Republican candidate also drove home his strong support for the President while blasting Daschle for his vehement opposition to Bush. He attempted to sway voters by remembering that Bush won South Dakota in a landslide in 2000 and had a very high job-approval rating among South Dakotans. His opponent, the Minority Leader, repeatedly argued that he was funneling money into South Dakota for vital federal highway and water pet projects.

Daschle responded to Thune's claim that he was a partisan anti-Bush obstructionist by pointing to his action just nine days after the September 11 attacks when he hugged President Bush on the Senate floor following Bush's address to Congress and the nation. He also hit back by alleging that Thune wanted to "rubber stamp what the administration is doing." Daschle's use of the video of his embrace of Bush forced the Republican National Committee to demand that the ad be pulled, claiming that it suggests that Bush endorses Daschle. Shortly following the airing of the ad, in a nationally televised debate on NBC's Meet the Press, Thune accused Daschle of "emboldening the enemy" in his skepticism of the Iraq War.

Daschle also noticeably relied very heavily on the power of incumbency to win a fourth term. Some also argued that Stephanie Herseth's election to the state's only House seat hurt Daschle, as voters may not have been comfortable sending an all-Democratic delegation to Congress for the first time in many decades. Accusations that Daschle was possibly considering no longer being an official resident of South Dakota was believed to have offended voters there. Others have analyzed that Daschle's lengthy consideration and eventual rejection of a potential run for the presidency in 2004 took a toll on South Dakotans, who felt betrayed and used by Daschle as a result.

When the race began in early 2004, Daschle led by 7 points in January and February. By May, his lead minimized to just 2 points and into the summer polls showed a varying number of trends: either Daschle held a slim 1- to 2-point lead or Thune held a slim 1- to 2-point lead or the race was tied right down the middle. Throughout September, Daschle led Thune by margins of 2 to 5 percent while during the entire month of October into the November 2 election, most polls showed that Thune and Daschle were dead even, usually tied 49–49 among likely voters. Some polls showed either Thune or Daschle leading by extremely slim margins.

Thune was an aide to former Senator James Abdnor, the man Daschle defeated in 1986 to gain his seat in the Senate.

Daschle spent a great deal of time and energy campaigning for his fellow Democrat Tim Johnson in 2002, who barely defeated Thune by 524 votes. He argued that by re-electing Johnson, South Dakota would be better off because Johnson would help to keep Daschle Majority Leader. However, in the end, while Johnson won, other states voted for enough Republicans that Daschle was no longer majority leader. Furthermore, Thune's whisker-close defeat in 2002 freed him up to run against Daschle in 2004. Had Daschle not put his considerable weight to re-electing Johnson, it seems very likely that Thune would have beaten Johnson, leaving Daschle without a strong challenger for the upcoming election and making his re-election a certainty.

South Dakota general election[147] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | John Thune | 197,848  | 50.58  | +14.17%
| Democratic | Tom Daschle (Incumbent)  | 193,340  | 49.42  | −12.72%
Majority  | 4,508  | 1.15  | −24.58%
Turnout | 391,188  |  |

## Utah

[edit]

Utah Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Bob Bennett | Paul Van Dam  |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Popular vote  | 626,640 | 258,955
Percentage  | 68.7% | 28.4%

* * *

County results
Bennett: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80%
80–90%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Bob Bennett
Republican

| Elected U.S. Senator

Bob Bennett
Republican

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Utah

See also: List of United States senators from Utah

Incumbent Republican Bob Bennett won re-election to a third term easily beating Democrat Paul Van Dam, former Attorney General of Utah and former Salt Lake County District Attorney.

Utah general election[148] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Republican | Bob Bennett (Incumbent)  | 626,640  | 68.73  | +4.75%
| Democratic | Paul Van Dam  | 258,955  | 28.40  | −4.57%
| Constitution | Gary R. Van Horn  | 17,289  | 1.90  |
| Personal Choice | Joe LaBonte  | 8,824  | 0.97  |
| Write-ins  |  | 18  | 0.00  |
Majority  | 367,685  | 40.33  | +9.32%
Turnout | 911,726  |  |

## Vermont

[edit]

Vermont Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Patrick Leahy | Jack McMullen |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 216,972 | 75,398
Percentage  | 70.6% | 24.5%

* * *

County results

Municipality results

Leahy: 40-50% 50-60% 60-70% 70-80% 80-90%
McMullen: 50-60%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Patrick Leahy
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Vermont

See also: List of United States senators from Vermont

Incumbent Democrat Patrick Leahy won re-election to a sixth term.

Democratic primary[149] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Patrick Leahy (Incumbent)  | 27,459  | 94.32
| Democratic | Craig Hill  | 1,573  | 5.40
| Democratic | Write-ins  | 81  | 0.28
Total votes  | 29,113  | 100.00%
Republican primary[149] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Republican | Jack McMullen  | 9,591  | 67.69
| Republican | Peter D. Moss  | 2,058  | 14.52
| Republican | Ben Mitchell  | 1,715  | 12.10
| Republican | Write-ins  | 806  | 5.69
Total votes  | 14,170  | 100.00
Vermont general election[150] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %  | ±%

|
|
|
|

| Democratic | Patrick Leahy (Incumbent)  | 216,972  | 70.63  | −1.59%
| Republican | Jack McMullen  | 75,398  | 24.54  | +2.09%
| Independent | Cris Ericson  | 6,486  | 2.11  |
| Green | Craig Hill  | 3,999  | 1.30  |
| Independent | Keith Stern  | 3,300  | 1.07  |
| Liberty Union | Ben Mitchell  | 879  | 0.29  | −0.29%
| Write-ins  |  | 174  | 0.06  |
Majority  | 141,574  | 46.08  | −3.68%
Turnout | 307,208  |  |

## Washington

[edit]

Washington Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Patty Murray | George Nethercutt |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 1,549,708 | 1,204,584
Percentage  | 55.0% | 42.7%

* * *

County results
Murray:  40–50% 50–60% 60–70%
Nethercutt:  40-50% 50-60% 60-70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Patty Murray
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Patty Murray
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Washington

See also: List of United States senators from Washington

Incumbent Democrat Patty Murray won re-election. She became only the fourth Washington senator to win 3 consecutive terms, just after fellow Democrats Warren G. Magnuson and Scoop Jackson[citation needed].

Term limits became an issue in the campaign, as Democrats seized on Nethercutt's broken term-limits pledge that he had made when he unseated Speaker Tom Foley in 1994. Nethercutt was also hampered by his lack of name recognition in the more densely populated western part of the state, home to two-thirds of the state's population. Washington has not elected a senator from east of the Cascades since Miles Poindexter in 1916. Other important issues included national security and the war in Iraq. Nethercutt supported the invasion of Iraq, while Murray opposed it. Nethercutt was a heavy underdog from the start, and his campaign never gained much traction. In November, he lost by 12 points, receiving 43 percent of the vote to Murray's 55 percent.

Washington general election[151] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Patty Murray (Incumbent)  | 1,549,708  | 54.98
| Republican | George Nethercutt | 1,204,584  | 42.74
| Libertarian | J. Mills  | 34,055  | 1.21
| Green | Mark Wilson  | 30,304  | 1.08
Total votes  | 2,818,651  | 100.00

## Wisconsin

[edit]

Wisconsin Election

* * *

<- 1998

2010 ->

|  |  |

|
|

Nominee  | Russ Feingold | Tim Michels |
Party  | Democratic | Republican
Popular vote  | 1,632,697 | 1,301,183
Percentage  | 55.3% | 44.1%

* * *

Feingold: 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% 80–90%
Michels: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70%

* * *

| U.S. senator before election

Russ Feingold
Democratic

| Elected U.S. Senator

Russ Feingold
Democratic

|

Main article: 2004 United States Senate election in Wisconsin

See also: List of United States senators from Wisconsin

Incumbent Democrat Russ Feingold won re-election to a third term.

Republican businessman and army veteran Tim Michels insisted he had more real world experience than Feingold, someone he called an "extreme liberal" who's out of touch with Wisconsin voters.[152] Feingold attacked back by saying that any Republican would be a rubber stamp for President Bush. The incumbent had $2.2 million in the bank, while Michels had already spent $1 million in the primary and had only about $150,000 left.[153]

When the NRSC was finally convinced in October that Michels had a shot, they pledged $600,000 for him.[154]

On October 1, a poll showed Feingold leading 52% to 39%.[155] In mid October, another poll showed Feingold winning 48% to 43%. A poll at the end of the month showed him leading 51% to 36%.[156]

Wisconsin general election[157] Party  | Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|
|

| Democratic | Russ Feingold (Incumbent)  | 1,632,697  | 55.35
| Republican | Tim Michels  | 1,301,183  | 44.11
| Libertarian | Arif Khan  | 8,367  | 0.28
| Independent | Eugene A. Hem  | 6,662  | 0.23
|  | Write-In Votes  | 834  | 0.03
Total votes  | 2,949,743  | 100.00

## See also

[edit]

* 2004 United States elections
* 2004 United States gubernatorial elections
* 2004 United States presidential election
* 2004 United States House of Representatives elections
* 108th United States Congress
* 109th United States Congress

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Includes the interim appointee ran for election.
2. ^ Appointee elected
3. ^ The last elections for this group of senators were in 1998, except for those elected in a special election or who were appointed after the resignation or passing of a sitting senator, as noted.
4. ^ Republican Frank Murkowski won in 1998 with 74.8% of the vote, but resigned on December 2, 2002, after having won the election as Governor of Alaska.
5. ^ Republican Paul Coverdell won in 1998 with 52.37% of the vote, but died on July 18, 2000.
6. ^ Shelby was first elected in 1986 and re-elected in 1992 as a Democrat. He switched parties in 1994.
7. ^ South Carolina was the "tipping point" state.

1. ^ The Independent was Jim Jeffords of Vermont, and he caucused with the Democrats
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## References

[edit]

* List of the most expensive senatorial races, via Opensecrets.org
* Election results, via CNN
* United States Election 2004 Web Archive from the U.S. Library of Congress
* Harrell, Peter E. (October 14, 2004). "South Carolina: Debate Poses Question of Who Has Momentum". The New York Times. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
* Graham, Michael (November 1, 2004). "The Revolutionary". National Review Online. Retrieved February 1, 2008.
* Henderson, Harold; et al. (March 12, 2004). "15 Candidates! We Can Help—The Reader's Guide to the Big Showdown". Chicago Reader. p. 1. Retrieved January 24, 2009.[permanent dead link]
* Mendell, David (August 14, 2007). Obama: From Promise to Power. New York: Amistad/HarperCollins. pp. 147–302. ISBN 978-0-06-085820-9. Retrieved January 27, 2009.
* Elections Division from the Louisiana Secretary of State
* 2004 North Dakota U.S. Senate Election results
* JoinCalifornia 2004 General Election
* SmartVoter.org page on the California Senate race.
* Final results from the Secretary of State of California. Wayback Machine

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