2004 United States presidential debates

Part of the 2004 U.S. presidential election

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2004 United States presidential debates

* * *

| <- 2000 | September 30, 2004
October 8, 2004
October 13, 2004 | 2008 ->

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Nominee  | George W. Bush | John Kerry |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Home state  | Texas | Massachusetts

2004 United States vice presidential debate

|  | October 5, 2004 |

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Nominee  | Dick Cheney | John Edwards |
Party  | Republican | Democratic
Home state  | Wyoming | North Carolina

The 2004 United States presidential debates were a series of debates held during the 2004 presidential election.

The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD), a bipartisan organization formed in 1987, organized four debates among the major party candidates, sponsored three presidential debates and one vice presidential debate. Only Republican nominee George W. Bush and Democratic nominee John Kerry met the criteria for inclusion in the debates, and thus were the only two to appear in the debates sponsored by the Commission on Presidential Debates. The CPD-sponsored vice presidential debate took place between their respective vice presidential running mates, Dick Cheney and John Edwards.

An alternative was proposed by the Citizens' Debate Commission, but was not carried out. There were several third-party candidate debates also held independently from the CPD-sponsored debates. The debates were the latest in a series of presidential debates first held during the 1960 presidential election and held every four years since the 1976 election.

Post-debate polls generally suggested that the 2004 presidential debates were a positive factor for John Kerry's candidacy, as CNN/USA Today/Gallup immediate post-debate polls showed that Kerry clearly won the first and third debates in the eyes of the American television audience, and he tied with Bush in the second. In the follow-up polls taken days after the first two debates, Kerry's perceived positive performance in the debates increased, so that the public then saw Kerry, rather than Bush, as the winner of all three debates.[1]

## Participant selection

[edit]

According to the Commission on Presidential Debates, the predetermined criteria for selecting candidates to participate in its 2004 presidential debates are based on evidence of eligibility as defined in Article Two of the United States Constitution), evidence of ballot access, and evidence of electoral support based on national public opinion polls.

Participants must have appeared on enough state ballots to have at least a mathematical chance of securing the Electoral College majority needed to win the election. While several third-party candidates met the eligibility and ballot access criteria, none had the support of at least 15 percent of the national electorate based on the average of five selected national public opinion polling organizations. The criteria also specified that invitations to the CPD's vice-presidential debate would be extended to the running mates of the candidates participating in the first presidential debate.

Only President George W. Bush and U.S. Senator John Kerry met the CPD selection criteria for any of the presidential debates. As a result, only Vice President Dick Cheney and Senator John Edwards met the criteria for the vice presidential debate.

On October 1, 2004, the Arizona Libertarian Party (AZLP) filed suit against the Commission on Presidential Debates and Arizona State University in the Superior Court of Arizona for Maricopa County regarding the staging of the third presidential debate. They contested that the debate, to be held on the grounds of and partially funded by a state university, constituted an illegal in kind campaign donation because it excluded Michael Badnarik, the Libertarian candidate. (Only Bush, Kerry, and Badnarik had ballot access in Arizona.) In the complaint the Arizona Libertarian Party alleged that ASU was "making a donation to two individual campaigns [Bush and Kerry] through the Commission on Presidential Debates as a conduit, in violation of the Arizona Constitution's prohibition on making gifts or donations to individuals or corporations."

Superior Court Judge F. Pendleton Gaines III issued an order to show cause for the president of ASU and for the director of the CPD to appear in court for a hearing on October 12, a day before the scheduled debate. Gaines denied a restraining order on the grounds of laches and that there was a sufficient public purpose for the debate, but also ruled that the AZLP could continue to pursue damages for any violations to their constitutional rights.

The Arizona debate nonetheless proceeded on October 13.

On October 8, at the second debate at Washington University in St. Louis, Badnarik and another third-party nominee, Green candidate David Cobb, were arrested in a civil disobedience action after crossing a police line outside the debate venue to protest their exclusion from the debate. Badnarik said he was attempting to serve the order to show cause; both candidates were released after being ticketed for trespassing and refusing a reasonable order from a policeman.[2][3][4]

## Presidential debates memorandum of understanding

[edit]

A memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the Bush 2004 campaign and the Kerry 2004 campaign, covering in minute detail all aspects of the presidential candidate debates held between the two candidates was created. It was 32 pages long and dated September 20, 2004.

The Citizens' Debate Commission (CDC) and others were instrumental in getting the campaigns to publish the MOU in advance of the debates. One of the commissioners of the CDC, George Farah, has written about the earlier debate MOUs in the 2004 tome No Debate: How the Republican and Democratic Parties Secretly Control the Presidential Debates.[5]

## Debate schedule

[edit]

2004 United States presidential election debates

No. | Date & Time | Host | Location | Moderator | Participants
Key:
P Participant.  N Non-invitee.  | Republican | Democratic
President
George W. Bush
of Texas | Senator
John Kerry
of Massachusetts
1 | Thursday, September 30, 2004,

9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT[6]

| University of Miami | Coral Gables, Florida | Jim Lehrer of PBS | P | P
2 | Friday, October 8, 2004,

9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT[6]

| Washington University in St. Louis | St. Louis, Missouri | Charles Gibson of ABC | P | P
3 | Wednesday, October 13, 2004,

9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT[6]

| Arizona State University | Tempe, Arizona | Bob Schieffer of CBS | P | P
2004 United States vice presidential debate
No. | Date & Time | Host | Location | Moderator | Participants
Key:
P Participant.  N Non-invitee.  | Republican | Democratic
Vice President
Dick Cheney
of Wyoming | Senator
John Edwards
of North Carolina
VP | Tuesday, October 5, 2004,

9:00 – 10:30 p.m. EDT[6]

| Case Western Reserve University | Cleveland, Ohio | Gwen Ifill of PBS | P | P

Originally, the CPD specified that the first debate would be focused on domestic policy and the third focused on foreign policy. Those terms were changed in an announcement by the CPD on September 24, after it had reviewed the terms of the MOU. The CPD agreed that foreign affairs and homeland security would be the primary topic for the first debate and domestic and economic policy will be the primary topic of the third debate. More broadly, it also agreed to make a "good faith effort" to accommodate the rest of the terms of the MOU.

The September 24 announcement, which was released in the format of a copy of a letter sent to the two campaigns, also noted CPD's pleasure at the willingness of the two campaigns to participate in the second, "town meeting"-style debate, yet was ambiguous about just what had been agreed to.

Originally, the CPD had announced that questions for the second debate would come from undecided voters selected by the Gallup Organization from the standard metropolitan statistical area surrounding the host city. This had been the policy followed for the 1992, 1996, and 2000 debates. But the September 24 letter to the two candidates did not comment on this; instead, it noted that campaign representatives can discuss participant selection methodology with Dr. Frank Newport of Gallup in order to resolve any open issues. One such issue was that the MOU specified that half the questions be asked by "soft Kerry supporters" and half by "soft Bush supporters," though what is meant by those terms was not made clear.

## Format

[edit]

For 2004, each debate lasted ninety minutes, included a live audience, had no opening statements, could have included follow-up questions from the moderator and ended with closing statements of two minutes.

## September 30: First presidential debate (University of Miami)

[edit]

First presidential debate

Date(s)| September 30, 2004 (2004-09-30)
Duration| 90 minutes
Venue| University of Miami
Location| Coral Gables, Florida
Participants| George W. Bush
John Kerry
Footage| PBS
Moderator(s)| Jim Lehrer of PBS

The first presidential debate between President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry, took place on Thursday, September 30, 2004, in the Convocation Center of the University of Miami in Coral Gables, Florida.

The debate was moderated by Jim Lehrer of PBS' The NewsHour posed nine questions for each candidate.

### Video stream

[edit]

* RealPlayer video stream of the debate from the BBC website
* Video and stream of the debate from the Internet Archive

### Post-debate poll

[edit]

62.5 million people tuned into the debates, an increase of just over 35 percent from 2000.

### Controversies

[edit]

#### Bush's suit bulge

[edit]

A bulge in the back of Bush's suit jacket during this debate triggered rumors that he was "wired" with a radio receiver, presumably to receive instructions from his strategists.[7] Contributing to the rumors was the perception that, at one point, Bush stated "Let me finish" in response to no apparent interruption and when he still had time on the clock, and some long pauses by Bush before he began answering a question. Others dismissed these accusations, saying that the "Let me finish" was a response to a gesture that Lehrer made, and the pauses were a result of Bush gathering his thoughts before responding.

White House officials initially claimed that the bulge was a "wrinkle in the fabric," and that Bush was not wearing a bullet-proof vest, as many conjectured. Bush's tailor later said that the bulge was nothing more than a pucker along the jacket's back seam, according to The Seattle Times. After the election, unidentified sources in the Secret Service told The Hill that Bush was wearing a bullet-proof vest and that campaign handlers had not admitted it earlier for security reasons.[8]

In 2020, NBC News referred to the 2004 microphone earpiece allegations as a "conspiracy theory" and likened the allegations to unfounded right-wing claims that Hillary Clinton wore a microphone in a 2016 debate, or that Joe Biden wore an earpiece in a 2020 debate.[9]

#### "You forgot Poland"

[edit]

See also: Polish involvement in the 2003 invasion of Iraq

During the debate John Kerry accused Bush of having failed to gain international support for the 2003 invasion of Iraq, saying "... when we went in, there were three countries: Great Britain, Australia and the United States. That's not a grand coalition. We can do better." Bush, who had used Poland earlier in the debate as an example of the international presence in Iraq, replied by saying "Well, actually, he forgot Poland. And now there's 30 nations involved, standing side by side with our American troops."[10] Paraphrased as "You forgot Poland", the term became a popular catchphrase among Bush detractors, who saw it as a humorously petty rebuttal of Kerry's original point.

#### Bush facial expressions

[edit]

During the debate, Bush made facial expressions which were later described as negative. Democrats highlighted these facial expressions after the debate, claiming that Bush was annoyed during the debate.[11]

## October 5: Vice presidential debate (Case Western Reserve University)

[edit]

Vice presidential debate

Date(s)| October 5, 2004 (2004-10-05)
Duration| 90 minutes
Venue| Case Western Reserve University
Location| Cleveland, Ohio
Participants| Dick Cheney
John Edwards
Footage| PBS
Moderator(s)| Gwen Ifill of PBS

### Venue

[edit]

The only vice presidential debate between Vice President Dick Cheney and Senator John Edwards took place on Tuesday, October 5, 2004, at the Veale Center at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio. The debate attracted a large audience; 43.6 million people tuned in, nearly as many as had watched the presidential debates in 2000.

The debate was moderated by Gwen Ifill of the PBS, who posed a total of 20 questions to the candidates.

### Video stream

[edit]

* RealPlayer video stream of the debate from the BBC website
* Video and stream of the debate from the Internet Archive

### Notable exchanges

[edit]

Though the debate largely focused on the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the economy and gay marriage,[12] media coverage focused on a few key exchanges between the two candidates.[13] Cheney told Edwards, referring to his inexperience, that "the first time I met you was tonight." And Edwards pointedly referred to Cheney's lesbian daughter Mary, asking whether Cheney was "...willing to talk about the fact that [Cheney and his wife Lynne] have a gay daughter?"[14]

### Post-debate poll

[edit]

CBS News interviewed a nationally representative sample of 178 uncommitted debate-watchers. The sample was of voters who are either undecided about whom to vote for or who have a weak preference that could be changed. Of the group 41 percent said Edwards won the debate, 28 said Cheney won, and 31 percent thought it was a tie. Both uncommitted men and uncommitted women preferred Edwards.[15] A separate poll of 1000 likely voters found that 43 percent believed Cheney won while 37 percent felt Edwards did better. Moreover, after the debate 47 percent said that Cheney was "very qualified" to assume the responsibilities of president (a seven percent rise), while only 25 percent said the same of Edwards (no change).[16]

## October 8: Second presidential debate (Washington University in St. Louis)

[edit]

Second presidential debate

Date(s)| October 8, 2004 (2004-10-08)
Duration| 90 minutes
Venue| Washington University in St. Louis
Location| St. Louis, Missouri
Participants| George W. Bush
John Kerry
Footage| PBS
Moderator(s)| Charles Gibson of ABC

### Venue

[edit]

The second presidential debate between President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry took place on Friday, October 8, 2004, at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.

The town hall style debate was moderated by Charles Gibson of ABC, which consisted of prospective voters reading questions preselected by Gibson to the candidates.

### Video stream

[edit]

* RealPlayer video stream of the debate from the BBC website
* Video and stream of the debate from the Internet Archive

### Analysis

[edit]

Bush attempted to deflect criticism of what was described as his scowling demeanor during the first debate, joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer almost made me want to scowl".[17]

When asked about possible appointments to the Supreme Court, Bush replied he would not pick the type of judge who would support the Dred Scott decision. Because that case dealt with slavery, abolished in the United States almost 150 years earlier, commentators such as Timothy Noah thought Bush's comment was aimed at anti-abortion voters who see "Dred Scott" as code for Roe v. Wade. Noah believed Bush was saying he would appoint Justices who opposed legal abortion.[18]

## October 13: Third presidential debate (Arizona State University)

[edit]

Third presidential debate

Date(s)| October 13, 2004 (2004-10-13)
Duration| 90 minutes
Venue| Arizona State University
Location| Tempe, Arizona
Participants| George W. Bush
John Kerry
Footage| PBS
Moderator(s)| Bob Schieffer of CBS

### Venue

[edit]

The third and final presidential debate between President George W. Bush and Senator John Kerry took place on Wednesday, October 13, 2004, in the Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium at Arizona State University in Tempe, Arizona.[19]

The debate was moderated by Bob Schieffer of CBS, who posed 20 total questions to the candidates.

## Third-party candidate debates

[edit]

* January 29 -- Former Green Party presidential nomination candidate and independent vice-presidential candidate Peter Camejo debated Normon Solomon at the Crest Theatre in downtown Sacramento, regarding what direction the Green Party should take in 2004. Camejo supported Ralph Nader, even as an independent candidate, and hoped that Nader could be persuaded to run with the Green Party. Solomon said that Nader should not run, and that the Greens should work to defeat George W. Bush. The debate was a benefit for listener-sponsored KVMR.
* August 31 -- Michael Badnarik (Libertarian) and David Cobb (Green) debated in New York City. George W. Bush (Republican), John Kerry (Democrat), and Ralph Nader (independent) were invited to debate, but none of them accepted. The debate was moderated by Rob Richie, executive director of the Center for Voting and Democracy, and Walter Kane, a reporter for Channel 12 News. C-SPAN televised the debate on September 6.
* September 30 -- Michael Badnarik (Libertarian) and David Cobb (Green) debated at 5 p.m. in Miami, across the street from the Bush-Kerry debate, which began at 9 p.m. Unlike Bush and Kerry, Badnarik and Cobb took unscripted questions from the audience and from correspondents. The event was carried live by Pacifica Radio, and broadcast later by PBS Television.
* October 6 -- Michael Badnarik (Libertarian), Walt Brown (Socialist), David Cobb (Green), and Michael Peroutka (Constitution) debated at 8 p.m. at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. The format of this event was similar to that of the September 30 debate: opening statements, questions from the audience, and closing statements. However, the debate was slightly shorter than the prior two third-party debates, at about 80 minutes total. Time was split between four candidates rather than two, and most of the questions came from Cornell undergraduate and graduate students.
* October 7 -- Vice-Presidential debate conducted by Democracy Now! featuring Pat LaMarche (Green), Peter Camejo (Independent Ralph Nader's running mate), and Richard Campagna (Libertarian).
* October 7 -- Michael Badnarik (Libertarian) and David Cobb (Green) at the University of Texas at Austin at 11:30 a.m.
* October 15 -- Walt Brown (Socialist), David Cobb (Green), Charles Jay (Personal Choice Party), Gary Nolan (radio host) standing in for Michael Badnarik (Libertarian), former presidential candidate Deirdre Griswold standing in for John Parker (Workers World Party), former presidential candidate Jerry White[clarification needed] standing in for Bill Van Auken (Socialist Equality Party) at East Tennessee State University. The debate was released on DVD.

## See also

[edit]

* George W. Bush 2004 presidential campaign
* John Kerry 2004 presidential campaign
* 2004 United States presidential election

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Saad, Lydia (October 15, 2004). "Do Debates Affect Presidential Contests?". Gallup. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
2. ^ [1] Archived February 20, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
3. ^ "Debates-2008 Presidential Campaign". Gwu.edu. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
4. ^ "Libertarians Win a Hearing in Debate Case - October 11, 2004 - The New York Sun". Nysun.com. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
5. ^ No Debate: How the Republican and Democratic Parties Secretly Control the Presidential Debates (2004), ISBN 1-58322-665-6.
6. ^ a b c d "CPD: 2004 Debates". www.debates.org. Retrieved October 5, 2020.
7. ^ "Americas | Bush's bulge stirs media rumours". BBC News. October 9, 2004. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
8. ^ Eisele, Albert; Dufour, Jeff (April 7, 2005). "Man the barricades, it's Bush again". Archived from the original on April 8, 2005.
9. ^ Collins, Ben (September 29, 2020). "Coordinated push of groundless conspiracy theories targets Biden hours before debate". NBC News. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
10. ^ "Transcript of the first Bush-Kerry presidential debate". Commission on Presidential Debates. September 30, 2004. Archived from the original on October 13, 2006. Retrieved December 7, 2006.
11. ^ "PUNDITS POUNCE ON BUSH'S SCOWLS". Orlando Sentinel. October 2, 2004. Retrieved February 18, 2024.
12. ^ "Cheney, Edwards Trade Barbs at VP Debate". Fox News. March 25, 2015. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
13. ^ Kaiser, Robert. "Vice Presidential Debate Analysis". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
14. ^ "Full Transcript of the Debate Between the Vice Presidential Candidates in Cleveland". The New York Times. October 5, 2004. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
15. ^ Cosgrove-Mather, Bootie (October 5, 2004). "Uncommitteds Tab Edwards Winner". CBS News. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
16. ^ "Voters Say Cheney Won Debate, Is More Qualified". Rasmussen Reports. Archived from the original on May 12, 2006. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
17. ^ Fornek, Scott (October 9, 2004). "Bush, Kerry make draft, tax pledges". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on October 12, 2004.
18. ^ Noah, Timothy (October 11, 2004). "Why Bush opposes Dred Scott". Slate Magazine. Archived from the original on July 6, 2009. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
19. ^ Flatten, Mark (October 22, 2004). "Bush, Kerry battle at Tempe presidential debate". East Valley Tribune. Archived from the original on August 28, 2006. Retrieved May 25, 2006.

## External links

[edit]

* Commission on Presidential Debates
* Citizens' Debate Commission
* Open Debates[usurped]
* The Appleseed Citizens' Task Force on Fair Debates
* C-SPAN page on presidential debates
* Copy of the 2004 MOU, in PDF format from the Open Debates[usurped] website
* List of documents[usurped] from Open Debates website, with links to MOUs for the 1988, 1992, and 1996 debates
* Factcheck: first debate second debate third debate
* Debate on the state of elections between Howard Dean and Ralph Nader, sponsored by Justice Talking

* v
* t
* e

United States presidential debates

General election debates|

* 1960
* 1976
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* 1988
* 1992
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* 2000
* 2004
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* Biden–Trump

Primary election debates|

| Republican|

* 2004
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* 2012
* 2016
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|

Democratic|

* 2004
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Other parties|

* Libertarian
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* 2016

Related debates and forums|

* 1948
* Dewey–Stassen debate
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* CNN/YouTube presidential debates
* Science Debate 2008
* Visible Vote '08: A Presidential Forum
* 2012
* The Rumble in the Air-Conditioned Auditorium

Organizations|

* Citizens' Debate Commission
* Commission on Presidential Debates
* Free & Equal Elections Foundation
* League of Women Voters

Phrases|

* "There you go again"
* "Where's the beef?"
* "Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy"
* "Binders full of women"
* "Nasty woman"
* "They're eating the cats"

* v
* t
* e

(← 2000) 2004 United States presidential election (2008 →)

* Candidates
* Debates
* Timeline
* Potomac primary
* Mini-Tuesday

Republican Party|

* Convention
* Primaries
* Primary results

Candidates|

* Incumbent nominee: George W. Bush
* campaign
* positions
* Incumbent VP nominee: Dick Cheney

* Other candidates: John Buchanan
* Jack Fellure
* Tom Laughlin

Democratic Party|

* Convention
* Debates
* Primaries
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Candidates|

* Nominee: John Kerry
* campaign
* VP nominee: John Edwards

* Other candidates: Carol Moseley Braun
* Wesley Clark
* campaign
* Howard Dean
* campaign
* John Edwards
* campaign
* positions
* Dick Gephardt
* campaign
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* campaign
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* campaign
* positions
* Joe Lieberman
* campaign
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* Al Sharpton
* campaign

Controversies|

* Moss v. Bush
* Conspiracy theories
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* Bush military service

Third-party and independent candidates

Constitution Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Michael Peroutka
* VP nominee: Chuck Baldwin

Green Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: David Cobb
* campaign
* VP nominee: Pat LaMarche

Other candidates
Sheila Bilyeu
Peter Camejo
Paul Glover
Kent Mesplay
Lorna Salzman

Libertarian Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Michael Badnarik
* campaign
* VP nominee: Richard Campagna

Other candidates
Gary Nolan
Aaron Russo

Personal Choice Party|

Nominee
Charles Jay
VP nominee
Marilyn Chambers

Prohibition Party|

Nominee
Gene Amondson
Alternate nominee
Earl Dodge

Reform Party|

Nominee
Ralph Nader (campaign)

Socialist Party|

* Nominee: Walt Brown
* VP nominee: Mary Alice Herbert

Other candidates
Eric Chester

Socialist Workers Party|

Nominee
Róger Calero
Alternate nominee
James Harris
VP nominee
Arrin Hawkins

Workers World Party|

Nominee
John Parker
VP nominee
Teresa Gutierrez

Independents and other candidates|

Thomas Harens
Tom Laughlin
Ralph Nader (campaign)
Leonard Peltier
Joe Schriner

Other 2004 elections
House
Senate
Gubernatorial

* v
* t
* e

George W. Bush

* 43rd President of the United States (2001–2009)
* 46th Governor of Texas (1995–2000)

Presidency|

* Transition
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Life and
legacy|

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Speeches|

* Remarks at the Islamic Center of Washington
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Elections|

| U.S. House|

* 1978

|

Gubernatorial|

* 1994
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Presidential|

* 2000 campaign
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* running mate selection
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* election
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* 2004 campaign
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* election

Public image|

* Bushisms
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* Fictionalized portrayals
* Miss Me Yet?
* "Yo, Blair"

Books|

* A Charge to Keep (1999)
* Decision Points (2010)
* 41: A Portrait of My Father (2014)
* Portraits of Courage (2017)
* Out of Many, One (2021)

Popular
culture|

* Fahrenheit 9/11 (2004 documentary)
* W. (2008 film)

Family|

* Laura Bush (wife)
* Barbara Pierce Bush (daughter)
* Jenna Bush Hager (daughter)
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* presidency)
* Barbara Bush (mother)
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* Neil Bush (brother)
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* Barney (dog)
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* India (cat)
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* ← Bill Clinton
* Barack Obama →

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Dick Cheney

* 46th Vice President of the United States (2001–2009)
* 17th United States Secretary of Defense (1989–1993)
* U.S. Representative for WY–AL (1979–1989)

Electoral history|

| U.S. House|

* 1978
* 1980
* 1982
* 1984
* 1986
* 1988

|

Vice presidential|

* 2000 campaign
* selection
* convention
* debate
* election
* transition
* 2004 campaign
* convention
* debate
* election

Legacy and
public image|

* Agathidium cheneyi
* Dick Cheney hunting accident
* Efforts to impeach Dick Cheney
* Exceptional: Why the World Needs a Powerful America
* In My Time: A Personal and Political Memoir
* Vice

Related|

* Halliburton
* Obama transition

Family and
personal life|

* Lynne Cheney (wife)
* Liz Cheney (daughter)
* Mary Cheney (daughter)

* ← Al Gore
* Joe Biden →

* v
* t
* e

John Kerry

* 68th United States Secretary of State (2013–2017)
* U.S. Senator from Massachusetts (1985–2013)

Career|

* Military career
* Kerry–Feingold Amendment
* John Kerry Parameters
* Foreign trips

Elections|

| U.S. Senate|

* 1984
* 1990
* 1996
* 2002
* 2008

|

Presidential|

* 2004 campaign
* primaries
* running mate selection
* convention
* debates
* election

Related|

* Going Upriver
* The New Soldier
* Military service controversy
* swiftboating
* Unfit for Command

Family|

* Forbes family
* Teresa Heinz (second wife)
* Julia Thorne (first wife)
* Alexandra Kerry (daughter)
* Vanessa Kerry (daughter)
* Richard Kerry (father)
* Rosemary Forbes Kerry (mother)
* Cameron Kerry (brother)

* v
* t
* e

John Edwards

Family|

* Elizabeth Edwards (1949–2010; wife)
* Cate Edwards (elder daughter)

Other associates|

* Rielle Hunter (campaign videographer and ex-mistress)

Political elections|

| U.S. Senate|

* 1998

|

Presidential|

* 2004 campaign
* primaries
* 2008 campaign
* primaries

Vice presidential|

* 2004 campaign
* selection
* convention
* debate
* election

Political themes and issues|

* Political positions
* Extramarital affair
* "Two Americas"

Books authored|

* Four Trials

* v
* t
* e

Arizona State University

Located in: Tempe, Arizona

Academics|

* W. P. Carey School of Business
* Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts
* ASU FIDM
* Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering
* Barrett, The Honors College
* Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication
* Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law
* College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
* New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences
* Watts College of Public Service & Community Solutions
* Morrison Institute for Public Policy
* School of Sustainability
* Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College
* Thunderbird School of Global Management

Campuses|

* Main (Tempe)
* Downtown (Phoenix)
* Polytechnic (Mesa)
* West (Phoenix)
* ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City (Lake Havasu City)
* California College of ASU (Los Angeles)
* ASU California Center - Broadway (Los Angeles)
* ASU California Center - Grand (Los Angeles)
* ASU Online

Athletics|

| Teams|

* Baseball
* Men's basketball
* Women's basketball
* Women's beach volleyball
* Football
* Golf
* Men's ice hockey
* Women's ice hockey
* Softball
* Wrestling

|

Venues|

* Alberta Farrington Stadium
* Desert Financial Arena
* Karsten Golf Course
* Mona Plummer Aquatic Center
* Mountain America Stadium
* Mullett Arena
* PERA Club
* Phoenix Municipal Stadium
* Sun Devil Soccer Stadium

Related|

* Maroon & Gold
* State Farm Territorial Cup Series

Media|

* Bilingual Review Press
* Issues in Science and Technology
* Journal of Policy History
* The State Press
* KASC
* KAET
* KBAQ (50%)

Buildings|

* Arboretum at Arizona State University
* Arizona State University Art Museum
* Arizona State University Research Park
* The Biodesign Institute
* Center for Meteorite Studies
* Decision Theater
* Gammage Memorial Auditorium
* Louise Lincoln Kerr House and Studio
* Old Main

Other|

* 2004 U.S. presidential debates
* Alumni
* "A" Mountain
* Fraternities and sororities
* Colleges and schools
* History
* Deer Valley Petroglyph Preserve
* Karsten Golf Course
* Frank Kush Field
* Palm Walk
* Sparky the Sun Devil
* Stomp the Bus
* Sun Devil Marching Band

* Founded: 1885
* Students: 135,729 (77,881 on campus and 57,848 digital)
* Endowment: $1.39 billion

* v
* t
* e

Case Western Reserve University

Academics|

| Schools|

* Case School of Engineering
* College of Arts and Sciences
* Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing
* Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences
* School of Dental Medicine
* School of Law
* School of Medicine
* Weatherhead School of Management

|

Notable|

* 2004 U.S. presidential debates
* 2020 U.S. presidential debates
* Case Comprehensive Cancer Center
* Department of Biomedical Engineering
* Frederick K. Cox International Law Center
* Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

Campus|

* Adelbert Hall
* Allen Memorial Medical Library
* Dittrick Museum of Medical History
* Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle ·
* Kent H. Smith Quadrangle
* Health Education Campus
* Maltz Performing Arts Center
* Mather House
* Michelson-Morley Memorial Fountain
* Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital
* University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center
* Warner and Swasey Observatory

Athletics|

* Case Western Reserve Spartans
* Football
* Academic Bowl
* DiSanto Field
* University Athletic Association

People|

* Notable alumni and affiliates
* Nobel laureates
* Presidents

Student life|

* 2003 shooting
* Dhamakapella
* Science Fiction Film Marathon
* WRUW-FM
* The Observer

* v
* t
* e

University of Miami

Located in: Coral Gables, Florida

Academics|

* School of Business
* School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science
* School of Music
* School of Law
* School of Medicine

Athletics|

| Teams|

* Baseball
* Men's basketball
* Women's basketball
* Football
* Women's soccer
* Rugby

|

Venues|

* Cobb Stadium
* Hard Rock Stadium
* Mark Light Field
* Orange Bowl
* Watsco Center

Rivalries|

* Florida Cup
* Florida rivalry
* Florida State rivalry
* Nebraska rivalry
* Virginia Tech rivalry

Culture|

* Miami Maniac
* Sebastian the Ibis

Related|

* ACC
* Bowl games

Places|

* Arboretum
* Bascom Palmer Eye Institute
* CIMAS
* CSTARS
* Division of Surgical Neurooncology
* Institute for Human Genomics
* Jackson Memorial Hospital
* Lake Osceola
* Little Salt Spring
* Lowe Art Museum
* Miami Project to Cure Paralysis
* The Alamo
* Theatre
* University Station

Activities|

* Band of the Hour

Honors|

* Iron Arrow Honor Society

Media|

* Bulletin of Marine Science
* The Miami Hurricane
* WVUM

Other|

* Alma mater
* Jackson Health System
* The North-South Center

People|

* Notable alumni
* Notable faculty
* Presidents

Events|

* 2004 U.S. presidential debates
* 2006 custodians strike
* 2011 athletics scandal
* JMWAVE

Documentaries|

* The U (2009)
* Catholics vs. Convicts (2016)

* Founded: 1925
* Students: 19,402 (2022)
* Endowment: $1.34 billion (2022)

* v
* t
* e

Washington University in St. Louis

Academics|

* Libraries
* School of Arts and Sciences
* James McKelvey School of Engineering
* Olin Business School
* School of Law
* School of Medicine
* George Warren Brown School of Social Work
* Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts

* Historical: Washington University School of Dental Medicine
* List of Nobel Laureates
* Queeny Tower

Centers and institutes|

* Center for Social Development
* Central Institute for the Deaf
* Gephardt Institute for Civic and Community Engagement
* Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology
* McDonnell Genome Institute
* Tyson Research Center
* Whitney R. Harris World Law Institute

Campus|

* Barnes-Jewish Hospital
* Brookings Hall
* Crow Observatory
* Danforth Campus
* Francis Olympic Field
* Medical Campus
* Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum
* Siteman Cancer Center
* St. Louis Children's Hospital

Athletics|

* Bears
* Francis Field
* Francis Gymnasium

People|

* Notable alumni
* Chancellors
* Faculty and staff
* Affiliated Nobel laureates
* William Greenleaf Eliot, founder

History|

* 2004 U.S. presidential debates
* 2008 U.S. presidential debates
* 2016 U.S. presidential debates
* Historical overview
* St. Louis School of Fine Arts
* Historic District

Campus life|

* After Dark
* KWUR Radio
* Mosaic Whispers
* Residential colleges
* Student Life
* Thurtene Carnival
* Washington University Law Review
* WILD

Miscellaneous|

* Erythromer
* Lewis (robot)

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