2009 in spaceflight

The Hubble Space Telescope was serviced for the last time during the STS-125 mission

Orbital launches
First| 18 January
Last| 29 December
Total| 78
Successes| 73
Failures| 4
Partial failures| 1
Catalogued| 75
National firsts
Spaceflight|  New Zealand
Satellite|  Switzerland[1]
Orbital launch|  Iran[2]
Rockets
Maiden flights| Delta IV-M+ (5,4)
H-IIB
Naro-1
Taurus-XL 3110
Unha-2
Retirements| Ariane 5GS
Falcon 1
Tsyklon-3
Crewed flights
Orbital| 9
Total travellers| 46

* v
* t
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2009 in spaceflight

Timeline of spaceflight

<- 2008

2010 ->

* v
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* e

Timeline of spaceflight

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* 2026
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* Future

Several significant events in spaceflight occurred in 2009, including Iran conducting its first indigenous orbital launch, the first Swiss satellite being launched and New Zealand launching its first sounding rocket. The H-IIB and Naro-1 rockets conducted maiden flights, whilst the Tsyklon-3, Falcon 1 and Ariane 5GS were retired from service.[3][4] The permanent crew of the International Space Station increased from three to six in May, and in the last few months of the year, Japan's first resupply mission to the outpost, HTV-1, was conducted successfully.

## Overview

[edit]

An Iridium satellite

The internationally accepted definition of a spaceflight is any flight which crosses the Kármán line, 100 kilometres above sea level. The first spaceflight launch of the year was that of a Delta IV Heavy, carrying the USA-202 ELINT satellite, which launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station at 02:47 GMT on 18 January. This was also the first orbital launch of the year.

On 2 February, Iran conducted its first successful orbital launch,[2] when a Safir was used to place the Omid satellite into low Earth orbit.

At 16:56 GMT on 10 February, the first major collision between two satellites in orbit occurred, resulting in the destruction of Kosmos 2251 and Iridium 33, launched in 1993 and 1997 respectively. Up until the collision, Iridium 33 was operational, and an active part of the Iridium network of satellites, whilst Kosmos 2251 was an inactive piece of space junk.

On 25 August, the Russo- South Korean Naro-1 rocket made its maiden flight on 25 August, marking South Korea's first involvement in conducting a satellite launch attempt, however the rocket failed to reach orbit after its payload fairing malfunctioned.

HTV-1 arriving at the ISS

The first flight of the SpaceX Falcon 9 carrier rocket was scheduled to occur in November, but was delayed to February 2010 to allow more time for preparations. The SpaceX Dragon, a commercial uncrewed logistics spacecraft which was developed as part of NASA's COTS programme, was also scheduled to make its first flight in 2009, however its launch has also slipped to 2010 as a result of knock-on delays. The first H-II Transfer Vehicle, HTV-1, was successfully launched on the maiden flight of the H-IIB carrier rocket on 10 September. The first Swiss satellite, SwissCube-1, was launched on 23 September aboard a PSLV.

On 18 December, the Ariane 5GS made its final flight, delivering the Helios-IIB satellite into a Sun-synchronous orbit. The last orbital launch of the year was conducted eleven days later, on 29 December, when a Proton-M with a Briz-M upper stage launched the DirecTV-12 satellite.

## Space exploration

[edit]

Although no planetary probes were launched in 2009, four astronomical observatories were placed into orbit. The Kepler spacecraft, which was launched by a Delta II on 7 March, entered an Earth-trailing heliocentric orbit from where it will search for exoplanets. On 14 May, and Ariane 5ECA launched the Herschel and Planck spacecraft. Both were placed at the L2 Lagrangian point between the Earth and Sun, from where they will be used for astronomy. Herschel carries an infrared telescope whilst Planck carries an optical one. The fourth observatory to be launched was the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, which is a replacement for the Wide Field Infrared Explorer which failed shortly after launch. WISE was launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit by a Delta II on 14 December, and will be used for infrared astronomy. Repairs made to the Hubble Space Telescope during STS-125 restored it to full operations after a series of malfunctions in 2008.

Two lunar probes were launched in 2009; the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite were launched on a single Atlas V rocket on 18 June. LRO entered selenocentric orbit and began a series of experiments, whilst LCROSS remained attached to the Centaur upper stage of the carrier rocket, and flew past the Moon. After orbiting the Earth twice, LCROSS separated from the upper stage and both it and the Centaur impacted the Cabeus crater at the South Pole of the Moon, on 9 October. By observing the Centaur's impact, LCROSS was able to confirm the presence of water on the Moon.[5] Several other Lunar probes ceased operations in 2009; Okina impacted the far side of the Moon on 12 February, Chang'e 1 was deorbited on 1 March, having completed its operations. Kaguya was also deorbited following a successful mission, impacting near Gill crater on 12 June. The Chandrayaan-1 spacecraft failed on 29 August, having operated for less than half of its design life.

The Mars Science Laboratory and Fobos-Grunt missions to Mars had been scheduled for launch at the end of 2009, however both were delayed to 2011 to allow more time for the spacecraft to be developed. Fobos-Grunt, a sample return mission to Mars' natural satellite Phobos, would have carried the first Chinese planetary probe, Yinghuo-1.

Several flybys occurred in 2009, with Cassini continuing to orbit Saturn, passing close to a number of its natural satellites. In February, Dawn passed within 549 kilometres (341 mi) of Mars, during a gravity assist manoeuvre for its journey to the asteroid belt. In September, MESSENGER made its third and final flyby of Mercury before entering orbit in 2011. Whilst the primary objective of the flyby, achieving a gravitational assist, was successful, the spacecraft entered safe mode shortly before its closest approach, which prevented it recording data as it flew away from the planet.[6] In November, the Rosetta spacecraft performed its third and final gravity assist flyby of Earth.

## Crewed spaceflight

[edit]

Launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis on STS-125, the last Hubble servicing flight

Nine crewed launches occurred in 2009, the most since 1997. STS-119, using Space Shuttle Discovery, was launched on 15 March. It installed the last set of solar arrays on the International Space Station. Soyuz TMA-14, the 100th crewed Soyuz launch, delivered the Expedition 19 crew in March. In May, Space Shuttle Atlantis conducted the final mission to service the Hubble Space Telescope, STS-125. Several days later, Soyuz TMA-15 launched with the ISS Expedition 20 crew, brought the total ISS crew size up to six for the first time. This was also the 100th crewed spaceflight of the Soyuz programme, excluding the original Soyuz T-10 mission which failed to reach space. In July, Space Shuttle Endeavour delivered the final component of the Japanese Experiment Module on mission STS-127. STS-128, using Discovery in August, delivered supplies using the Leonardo MPLM. September saw the launch of Soyuz TMA-16, with the ISS Expedition 21 crew. This was the 100th crewed Soyuz mission reach orbit. In November, Space Shuttle Atlantis flew mission STS-129, delivering two EXPRESS Logistics Carriers to the ISS. The final crewed flight of the year, Soyuz TMA-17, was launched on 20 December with the ISS Expedition 22 crew.

The launch of Ares I-X

Although not a spaceflight in its own right, the Ares I-X test flight was conducted on 28 October, with the rocket lifting off from Launch Complex 39B of the Kennedy Space Center at 15:30 GMT. The flight was successful and reached an altitude of around 46 kilometres (29 mi), within the upper atmosphere. A parachute failure during descent resulted in some damage to the first stage, which was recovered.

## Launch failures

[edit]

OCO launches on a Taurus

Four orbital launch failures occurred in 2009. On 24 February, a Taurus-XL launched from the Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, United States, with the Orbiting Carbon Observatory. The payload fairing did not separate from the rocket, leaving the upper stage with too much mass to reach orbit. The stage, with spacecraft and fairing still attached, reentered the atmosphere, coming down off the coast of Antarctica. The second failure was a controversial North Korean launch attempt using an Unha rocket to launch the Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 communications satellite. The launch was conducted on 5 April, and North Korea maintains that it successfully reached orbit, however no objects from the launch were tracked as having orbital velocity, and US radar systems tracking the rocket detected that it failed at around the time of third stage ignition, with debris falling in the Pacific Ocean.

A Soyuz-2.1a suffered a failure during the launch of Meridian 2 on 21 May, due to the premature cutoff of the second core stage of the carrier rocket. The satellite was placed in a lower than planned orbit, which it was initially expected to be able to correct by means of its onboard propulsion system, and the launch was reported to be a partial failure. By the time of the next Meridian launch in 2010 it had been confirmed that the satellite could not correct its own orbit, and that the mission was a failure.[7] On 25 August, the Naro-1 rocket was launched on its maiden flight, however one half of the payload fairing failed to separate, and it did not reach orbit.

On 31 August a Long March 3B placed the Palapa-D satellite into a lower than expected orbit after its third stage gas generator burned through, resulting in an engine failure at the start of the second burn.[8] The satellite was able to raise itself to its correct orbit at the expense of fuel which would have been used for five or six years of operations.[8]

## Summary of launches

[edit]

In total, seventy eight orbital launches were attempted in 2009, with seventy five catalogued as having reached orbit, and the three outright launch failures, including the North Korean launch, not being catalogued. This is an increase of nine attempts compared to 2008, and eight more launches reached orbit. This continues a four-year trend of increasing annual launch rates. The United States National Space Science Data Center catalogued 123 spacecraft placed into orbit by launches which occurred in 2009.[9]

Launch of a Delta IV-M+(4,2) EELV with GOES 14

Suborbital spaceflight in 2009 saw a number of sounding rocket and missile launches. New Zealand's Ātea-1 sounding rocket was launched on 30 November, marking that country's first suborbital flight. Russia twice attempted launches of its Bulava missile, however both launches failed. The second failure, which occurred on 9 December, resulted in a spiral pattern which was observed in the sky over Norway. The SpaceLoft-XL rocket experienced another launch failure during its third flight, on 2 May. The payload section separated from the rocket whilst it was still burning, and as a result the vehicle did not reach space.[10] It had been carrying samples of cremated human remains for Celestis, and student experiments.

### By country

[edit]

China conducted six launches in 2009; satellite problems early in the year followed by the fallout of the August partial launch failure resulted in many planned launches slipping into 2010. Europe launched seven Ariane 5 rockets, six in the ECA configuration and one in the GS configuration. It had also intended to launch the first Vega rocket, however this was delayed due to ongoing development issues, which had already left the project several years behind schedule. India conducted two launches of Polar Satellite Launch Vehicles, however the first flight of a new variant of the Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle with an Indian-built upper stage slipped into 2010. Japan conducted three launches; two using the H-IIA, plus the first H-IIB. Russia and the former Soviet Union conducted twenty nine launches, not including the international Sea and Land launch programmes, which conducted four, and the single Naro-1 launch conducted in cooperation with South Korea.

The United States made twenty four launch attempts, with the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicles accounting for eight; the most EELV launches in a single year to date. Eight Delta II launches were also made, including its last mission with a GPS satellite, and its last flight with a payload for the United States armed forces. As the Delta II programme wound down, Space Launch Complex 17A at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, one of the oldest operational launch pads in the world, was deactivated. SpaceX launched a single Falcon 1, which successfully placed an operational satellite into orbit for the first time. This was the final flight of the Falcon 1, which was subsequently retired from service in favour of the Falcon 1e.[4] At the start of the year, a mockup Falcon 9 was erected on its launch pad at Canaveral, however the type's maiden flight slipped into 2010.

Sea Launch only conducted a single launch in 2009; a Zenit-3SL launched Sicral 1B in April. In June, the company was declared bankrupt,[11] and subsequently it lost a number of launch contracts.[12] By the end of the year it was expecting to resume launches in 2010.[12] Its subsidiary, Land Launch, conducted three launches. Iran made its first successful indigenous orbital launch, however planned follow-up launches had not been conducted by the end of the year. North Korea made one launch which it claimed had successfully placed a satellite into orbit, however no such satellite was detected by any country capable of doing so. Israel was not reported to have scheduled or conducted an orbital launch attempt.

## Orbital launches

[edit]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks

### January

[edit]

18 January
02:47[13] |  Delta IV Heavy[14] |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-37B |  United Launch Alliance
USA-202 / Orion 6[15] | NRO | Geosynchronous | ELINT | In orbit | Operational
NROL-26 mission.
23 January
03:54[17] |  H-IIA 202  |  |  Tanegashima LA-Y1 |  Mitsubishi
Ibuki (GOSAT)  | JAXA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Climatology | In orbit | Operational
SDS-1 | JAXA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful[18]
Sohla-1 (Maido-1)  | SOHLA[19] | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful[20]
Raijin (Sprite-Sat)[21] | Tohoku University | Low Earth (SSO)  | Sprite research | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[16]
Kagayaki[22] | Sorun[23] | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[16]
Hitomi (PRISM)[24] | University of Tokyo | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Kukai (STARS)[25][26] | Kagawa University | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[16]
Kiseki (KKS-1)[27] | TMCIT | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[16]
Raijin failed to respond to commands from ground following electromagnetic boom deployment, Kagayaki failed to contact ground, STARS tether deployment failed, Kiseki failed to respond to commands from ground.[16]
30 January
13:30[3] |  Tsyklon-3 |  |  Plesetsk Site 32/2 |  Roscosmos
Koronas-Foton | Roscosmos / MEPhI / NIIEM[29] | Low Earth[29] | Heliophysics | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
Final flight of Tsyklon-3 rocket,[3] satellite problems during mid-2009, loss of signal in early December due to power system malfunction. Declared a total loss in April 2010.[28]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### February

[edit]

2 February
18:36[30] |  Safir | GBS.0092  |  Semnan |  ISA
Omid[31] | ISA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 25 April | Successful
First successful Iranian orbital launch[2]
6 February
10:22:01[32] |  Delta II 7320-10C  |  |  Vandenberg SLC-2W |  United Launch Alliance
NOAA-19 (NOAA-N')  | NOAA / NASA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational
10 February
05:49:46[33] |  Soyuz-U |  |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Roscosmos
Progress M-66 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 18 May
15:14:45 | Successful
ISS flight 32P
11 February
00:03[34] |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  Khrunichev
Ekspress-AM44[35] | RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communication | In orbit | Operational
Ekspress-MD1 | RSCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
12 February
22:09:00[36] |  Ariane 5 ECA  |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
Hot Bird 10 | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
NSS-9 | SES New Skies | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Spirale-A | CNES | Highly elliptical | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Spirale-B | CNES | Highly elliptical | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
24 February
09:55:30[38] |  Taurus-XL 3110  |  |  Vandenberg LC-576E |  Orbital Sciences
OCO | NASA | Intended: Low Earth (SSO)  | Climatology | 24 February | Launch failure
Maiden flight of Taurus-XL 3110, payload fairing failed to separate, failed to reach orbit.[37] Satellite was to have been part of A-train constellation
26 February
18:29:55[39] |  Zenit-3SLB |  |  Baikonur Site 45/1 |  Land Launch
Telstar 11N | Telesat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
28 February
04:10  |  Proton-K / DM-2 |  |  Baikonur Site 81/24 |  Khrunichev
Raduga-1 | VKS | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### March

[edit]

7 March
03:49:57[41] |  Delta II 7925-10L  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-17B |  United Launch Alliance
Kepler | NASA | Heliocentric | Exoplanetary science | In orbit | Operational
Exosolar planet research, operating in an Earth-trailing orbit[40]
15 March
23:43:44[42] |  Space Shuttle Discovery[43] |  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  United Space Alliance
STS-119[44] | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly[45][46] | 28 March
19:13[47] | Successful
ITS S6 Truss | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | In orbit | Operational
Crewed flight with seven astronauts.
17 March
14:21[48] |  Rokot / Briz-KM |  |  Plesetsk Site 133/3[49] | rocket= Eurockot
GOCE | ESA | Low Earth | Gravitational research | 11 November 2013
00:16 | Successful
24 March
08:34:00[50] |  Delta II 7925-9.5  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-17A |  United Launch Alliance
USA-203 (GPS IIR-20/M7)  | U.S. Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Partial spacecraft failure
Operational
26 March
11:49:06  |  Soyuz-FG |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Soyuz TMA-14[14] | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 19 | 11 October
04:32 | Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts. First space tourist to make two flights.

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### April

[edit]

3 April
16:24  |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
Eutelsat W2A | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
4 April
00:31[51] |  Atlas V 421  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  United Launch Alliance
USA-204 (WGS-2)  | U.S. Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
5 April
02:30:15[53] |  Unha-2 |  |  Tonghae |  KCST
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 | KCST | Intended: Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 5 April | Launch failure
North Korea claimed the launch was successful;[52] however, no objects were tracked in orbit.
14 April
16:16  |  Long March 3C |  |  Xichang LA-2 |  CNSA
Compass-G2 | CNSA | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
Failed in orbit shortly after launch. Towed to a high graveyard orbit by Shijian-21 on 22 January 2022.[54]
20 April
01:15  |  PSLV-CA |  |  Satish Dhawan SLP |  ISRO
RISAT-2 | ISRO | Low Earth | Radar imaging | 30 October 2022
00:06[55] | Successful
ANUSAT | Anna University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 18 April 2012 | Successful
20 April
08:16  |  Zenit-3SL |  |  Ocean Odyssey |  Sea Launch
Sicral-1B | ASI | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
22 April
02:55  |  Long March 2C |  |  Taiyuan LC-1 |  CASC
Yaogan-6 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
29 April
16:58  |  Soyuz-U |  |  Plesetsk Site 16/2 |  VKS
Kosmos 2450 (Kobal't-M)  | VKS | Low Earth | Optical reconnaissance | 27 July | Successful

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### May

[edit]

5 May
20:24:25[14][51] |  Delta II 7920-10C  |  |  Vandenberg SLC-2W |  United Launch Alliance
USA-205 (STSS-ATRR)  | U.S. Air Force / MDA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Missile defence
Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
7 May
18:37  |  Soyuz-U |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Progress M-02M | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 13 July
16:28:47 | Successful
ISS flight 33P
11 May
18:01  |  Space Shuttle Atlantis[43] |  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  United Space Alliance
STS-125[56] | NASA[57] | Low Earth (HST)  | HST servicing flight[58][59] | 24 May
15:39 | Successful
Crewed flight with seven astronauts, final Space Shuttle mission to the Hubble Space Telescope.
14 May[60]
13:12  |  Ariane 5 ECA  |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
Herschel[61] | ESA | Sun–Earth L2 | Infrared astronomy | In orbit | Operational
Planck[62] | ESA | Sun–Earth L2 | Space telescope | In orbit | Operational
16 May
00:57  |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
ProtoStar II | ProtoStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
19 May
23:55  |  Minotaur I |  |  MARS LP-0B |  Orbital Sciences
TacSat-3 | USAF-RL | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 30 April 2012 | Successful
PharmaSat | NASA | Low Earth | Biological | 14 August 2012 | Successful
⚀ AeroCube 3 | Aerospace Corporation | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 6 January 2011 | Successful
⚀ HawkSat I[63] | HISS | Low Earth | Technology demonstration[63][64] | 4 September 2011 | Successful
⚀ CP6[63] | CalPoly | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 6 October 2011 | Successful
All payloads except TacSat-3 and Pharmasat are CubeSats.
21 May
21:53  |  Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/4 |  RVSN RF
Meridian 2[66] | VKS | Intended: Molniya
Achieved: Medium Earth | Communications | 23 April 2021
04:48[69] | Launch failure[68]
Core vehicle second stage shut down five seconds early,[65] attempt to compensate using Fregat resulted in propellent depletion during second of three burns[66] Satellite reached a lower orbit than expected, and despite being expected to be recoverable to fully operational status[67] was unable to recover.[68]
27 May
10:34:42  |  Soyuz-FG |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Soyuz TMA-15 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 20 | 1 December
07:17 | Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts, established first permanent six-man crew on the ISS.

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### June

[edit]

18 June[70]
21:32  |  Atlas V 401  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  United Launch Alliance
LRO | NASA | Selenocentric | Lunar orbiter | In orbit | Operational
LCROSS | NASA | High Earth (TLI)  | Lunar impactor | 9 October
11:37 | Successful
LCROSS observed the upper stage impacting the Cabeus crater on the Moon at 11:31 on 9 October shortly before its own impact into the same crater. The LCROSS spacecraft confirmed the presence of water at the Lunar South Pole.[5]
21 June
21:50  |  Zenit-3SLB |  |  Baikonur Site 45/1 |  Land Launch
MEASAT-3a | MEASAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
27 June
22:51[71] |  Delta IV-M+ (4,2)  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-37B |  United Launch Alliance
GOES-O (GOES-14)  | NOAA / NASA | Geosynchronous | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational
30 June
19:10  |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
Sirius FM-5 (RadioSat-5)  | Sirius XM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### July

[edit]

1 July
17:52[72] |  Ariane 5 ECA  |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
TerreStar-1 | TerreStar | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
6 July
01:26  |  Rokot / Briz-KM |  |  Plesetsk Site 133/3 |  VKS
Kosmos 2451 (Rodnik)  | VKS | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2452 (Rodnik)  | VKS | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2453 (Rodnik)  | VKS | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
14 July
03:35[73] |  Falcon 1 |  |  Omelek |  SpaceX
RazakSat-1 (MACSat)  | ATSB | Low Earth | Earth observation | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
Final flight of Falcon 1.[4]
15 July[71]
22:03  |  Space Shuttle Endeavour[44] |  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  United Space Alliance
STS-127 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | 31 July
14:48 | Successful
JEM-EF | JAXA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | In orbit | Operational
AggieSat 2 | NASA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 17 March 2010
18:26[74] | Partial spacecraft failure
Successful
BEVO-1 | NASA | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | Partial spacecraft failure
Successful
Castor[75] | NRL | Low Earth | Atmospheric science | 18 August 2010
17:48[76] | Successful
Pollux[75] | NRL | Low Earth | Atmospheric science | 29 March 2010 | Successful
Crewed flight with seven astronauts, AggieSat 2 and BEVO-1 collectively designated Dragonsat, Castor and Pollux collectively designated ANDE-2, both deployed on 30 July; Dragonsat at 12:34:30 UTC and ANDE-2 at 17:23:02; Dragonsat satellites failed to separate from each other.
21 July
03:57:43  |  Kosmos-3M |  |  Plesetsk Site 132/1 |  RVSN RF
Kosmos 2454 (Parus)  | VKS | Low Earth | Navigation
Communications | In orbit | Operational
Sterkh-1 | Roscosmos | Low Earth | Communications
Search and rescue | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
24 July
10:56:51  |  Soyuz-U |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Progress M-67 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 27 September
10:19:11 | Successful
Final flight of original Progress-M; ISS flight 34P
29 July
18:46  |  Dnepr |  |  Baikonur Site 109/95 |  ISC Kosmotras
DubaiSat-1 | EIAST | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Deimos-1 | Deimos Space | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
UK-DMC 2 | BNSC (2009-2010)
UKSA (2010—)  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Nanosat 1B | INTA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
AprizeSat-3 | LatinSat | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
AprizeSat-4 | LatinSat | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### August

[edit]

11 August
19:47  |  Proton-M / Briz-M |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
AsiaSat 5 | AsiaSat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
17 August
10:35:00  |  Delta II 7925-9.5  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-17A |  United Launch Alliance
USA-206 (GPS IIR-21/M8)  | U.S. Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Final launch from SLC-17A,[50] final GPS IIR launch, final flight of Delta II 7925
21 August
22:09  |  Ariane 5 ECA  |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
JCSAT-12 | SKY Perfect JSAT Group | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Optus D3 | Optus | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
25 August[80]
08:00  |  Naro-1 |  |  Naro[81] |  Khrunichev / KARI[81]
STSAT-2A | KARI[82] | Intended: Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 25 August | Launch failure[83]
Maiden flight of Naro-1,[77] first South Korean orbital launch attempt (with Russian assistance). First flight of Angara Universal Rocket Module (used as first stage), half of payload fairing failed to separate, failed to reach orbit.[78][79]
29 August
03:59  |  Space Shuttle Discovery |  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  United Space Alliance
STS-128[84] | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | 11 September
00:53 | Successful
Leonardo MPLM | ASI / NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | Successful
Crewed flight with seven astronauts.
31 August
09:28[85] |  Long March 3B |  |  Xichang |  CASC
Palapa-D | Indosat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Partial launch failure
Operational[86]
Third stage failed during restart[85] due to gas generator burn-through.[8]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### September

[edit]

8 September
21:35  |  Atlas V 401  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  United Launch Alliance
USA-207 (PAN)  | NRO | Geosynchronous | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
10 September
17:01:46[87] |  H-IIB |  |  Tanegashima LA-Y2 |  JAXA[88]
HTV-1 | JAXA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 1 November
21:26 | Successful
Maiden flight of H-IIB and H-II Transfer Vehicle, first launch from LA-Y2.
17 September
15:55:07[89][90] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat |  |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Roscosmos
Meteor-M No.1 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (SSO)  | Meteorology | In orbit | Successful
BLITS | Roscosmos | Low Earth (SSO)  | Geodesy, satellite laser ranging | In orbit | Operational
IRIS[91] | NPO Lavochkin / EADS Astrium | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | 12 March 2021[92] | Successful
Sterkh-2 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications
Search and rescue | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[93]
SumbandilaSat[94] | Stellenbosch | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | 10 December 2021 | Spacecraft failure; Partial success
UGATUSAT[95] | UGATU | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[96]
Universitetsky-Tatyana-2[97] | MSU | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Spacecraft failure; Partial success
Meteor M-1 was a replacement for Meteor-3M No.1. IRIS intentionally remained attached to upper stage.
17 September
19:19:19  |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
Nimiq 5 | Telesat Canada | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational[98]
23 September
06:21[99] |  PSLV-CA |  |  Satish Dhawan FLP |  ISRO
Oceansat-2 | ISRO | Low Earth (SSO)  | Oceanography | In orbit | Operational
Rubin 9.1 | OHB-System | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful
Rubin 9.2 | OHB-System | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Successful
⚀ BeeSat-1 | TU Berlin | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ ITU-pSat1 | ITU | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ SwissCube-1 | EPFL | Low Earth (SSO)  | Atmospheric science | In orbit | Operational
⚀ UWE-2 | Würzburg | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
First Swiss satellite, Rubin payloads intentionally remained attached to upper stage.
25 September
12:20[100] |  Delta II 7920-10C  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-17B |  United Launch Alliance
USA-208 (STSS-Demo 1)  | U.S. Air Force | Low Earth | Technology demonstration
Missile defence | In orbit | Successful[101]
USA-209 (STSS-Demo 2)  | U.S. Air Force | Low Earth | Technology demonstration
Missile defence | In orbit | Successful[101]
30 September
07:14  |  Soyuz-FG |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Soyuz TMA-16 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 21 | 18 March 2010 | Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### October

[edit]

1 October
21:59[102] |  Ariane 5 ECA  |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
Amazonas-2 | Hispasat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
COMSATBw-1 | Bundeswehr | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
8 October
18:51[103] |  Delta II 7920  |  |  Vandenberg SLC-2W |  United Launch Alliance
WorldView-2 | DigitalGlobe | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
15 October
01:14  |  Soyuz-U |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Progress M-03M | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 27 April 2010
18:50:56 | Successful
ISS flight 35P
18 October
16:12  |  Atlas V 401  |  |  Vandenberg SLC-3E |  United Launch Alliance
USA-210 (DMSP-5D3 F18)  | U.S. Air Force / NOAA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Meteorology | In orbit | Operational
29 October
20:00  |  Ariane 5 ECA  |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
Thor-6 | Telenor | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
NSS-12 | SES World Skies | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### November

[edit]

2 November
01:50  |  Rokot / Briz-KM |  |  Plesetsk Site 133/3 | rocket= Eurockot[104]
SMOS[105] | ESA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Proba-2 | ESA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
10 November[51]
14:22  |  Soyuz-U |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Progress M-MIM2 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | Orbital tug | 8 December
05:27[106] | Successful
Poisk (MRM-2)  | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | In orbit | Operational
ISS flight 5R
12 November
02:45[107] |  Long March 2C |  |  Jiuquan LA-4 |  CASC
Shijian 11-01 | CASC | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
16 November[71]
19:28  |  Space Shuttle Atlantis[44] |  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  United Space Alliance
STS-129 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | 27 November
14:44[108] | Successful
ExPRESS-1 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | In orbit | Operational
ExPRESS-2 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | In orbit | Operational
Crewed flight, launching with six astronauts, and landing with seven.
20 November
10:44  |  Soyuz-U |  |  Plesetsk Site 16/2 |  RVSN RF
Kosmos 2455 (Lotos-S)  | VKS | Low Earth | ELINT | In orbit | Operational
23 November
06:55[109] |  Atlas V 431  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  United Launch Alliance
Intelsat 14 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 November
14:19[110] |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced[111] |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
Eutelsat W7 | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
28 November[112]
01:21  |  H-IIA 202  |  |  Tanegashima LA-Y1 |  Mitsubishi
IGS Optical 3[113] | CSICE | Low Earth (SSO)  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Successful[114]
30 November
21:00[115] |  Zenit-3SLB[116] |  |  Baikonur Site 45/1 |  Land Launch
Intelsat 15 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### December

[edit]

6 December
01:47[117] |  Delta IV-M+ (5,4)  |  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-37B |  United Launch Alliance
USA-211 (WGS-3)  | U.S. Air Force | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful
Maiden flight of Delta IV-M+ (5,4), final Block I WGS satellite.
9 December
08:42[118] |  Long March 2D |  |  Jiuquan SLS-2 |  CASC
Yaogan-7 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
14 December
10:38[119] |  Proton-M / DM-2 Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 81/24 |  Khrunichev
Kosmos 2456 (Glonass-M 730)  | VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2457 (Glonass-M 733)  | VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2458 (Glonass-M 734)  | VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
14 December
14:09[120] |  Delta II 7320  |  |  Vandenberg SLC-2W |  United Launch Alliance
WISE | NASA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Infrared astronomy | In orbit | Operational
15 December
02:31[121] |  Long March 4C |  |  Taiyuan LC-2 |  CASC
Yaogan-8 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Xiwang 1 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Amateur radio | In orbit | Operational
18 December
16:26  |  Ariane 5GS |  |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
Helios IIB | DGA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
Final flight of Ariane 5GS.
20 December
21:52  |  Soyuz-FG |  |  Baikonur Site 1/5 |  Roscosmos
Soyuz TMA-17 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 22 | 2 June 2010
03:25 | Successful
Crewed flight with three cosmonauts.
29 December
00:22  |  Proton-M / Briz-M Enhanced  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  International Launch Services
DirecTV-12 | DirecTV | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Suborbital flights

[edit]

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks
26 January
00:15[122] |  S-310 |  |  Andøya LA-U3 |  ISAS
Delta-2 | JAXA/Nagoya[122][123][124] | Suborbital | Auroral[122] | 26 January | Successful
29 January
09:49  |  Black Brant IX |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
ACES-I[125] | University of Iowa | Suborbital | Auroral | 09:59 | Successful
29 January
09:51  |  Black Brant VB |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
ACES-II[125] | University of Iowa | Suborbital | Auroral | 10:01 | Successful
13 February[126] |  UGM-133 Trident II D5  |  |  USS Alabama, Pacific Ocean |  U.S. Navy
| U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 February | Successful
18 February
09:52:00[127] |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
| Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful
18 February
10:29:00[127] |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
| Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful
18 February
10:59:00[127] |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
| Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful
18 February
11:47:00[127] |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
| Clemson | Suborbital | Atmospheric | 18 February | Successful
25 February
10:45[128] |  Black Brant IX |  |  White Sands LC-36 |  NASA
CIBER | Caltech | Suborbital | IR Astronomy[129] | 10:55 | Successful
February[30] |  UGM-133 Trident II D5  |  |  Submarine, Pacific Ocean  |  U.S. Navy
| U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | February | Successful
6 March
10:54[130] |  Dhanush |  |  Ship, Indian Ocean |  DRDO
| DRDO | Suborbital | Target | 6 March | Successful
Target for successful Prithvi interceptor test, apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi)[130]
18 March[131]
00:25[66] |  TRBM | FTT-10a  |  USS Tripoli, Barking Sands |  U.S. Army
| U.S. Army/MDA | Suborbital | Target | 18 March | Successful
Intercepted by THAAD launched at 00:30 UTC[131][66]
18 March[131]
00:30[66] |  THAAD | FTT-10a  |  Barking Sands |  U.S. Army
| U.S. Army/MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 18 March | Successful
Intercepted target missile[131]
18 March[131]
00:30[66] |  THAAD | FTT-10a  |  Barking Sands |  U.S. Army
| U.S. Army/MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 18 March | Successful
Backup interceptor, destroyed by range safety after first missile succeeded[132]
20 March
11:04  |  Black Brant XII |  |  Poker Flat |  NASA
Cascades-2  | Dartmouth | Suborbital | Auroral | 20 March | Successful
25 March
13:25[133] |  Hera |  |  Fort Wingate LC-96 |  U.S. Army
| U.S. Army | Suborbital | Target | 25 March | Successful
Target for MIM-104 Patriot PAC-3 test, interceptor failed
7 April |  Blue Sparrow |  |  F-15 Eagle, Israel |  Israeli Air Force
| Israeli Air Force | Suborbital | Arrow-2 target | 7 April | Successful
Arrow-2 target, successfully intercepted
7 April |  Arrow-2 |  |  Negev |  Israel Aerospace Industries
| IAI/Israeli Defense Forces | Suborbital | ABM Test | 7 April | Successful
Successful intercept of a Blue Sparrow target over the Mediterranean
10 April
09:10  |  RS-12M Topol |  |  Plesetsk |  RVSN RF
| RVSN RF | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 April | Successful
17 April
11:17[134] |  FalconLaunch |  |  White Sands |  US Air Force Academy
FalconLAUNCH VII  | US Air Force Academy | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 17 April | Successful
Apogee: 108 kilometres (67 mi),[134] first student-built rocket to reach space
2 May
14:02[citation needed] |  SpaceLoft XL |  |  Spaceport America |  UP Aerospace
SL-3  | NMSGC | Suborbital | Student research | 2 May | Launch failure[136]
Discovery | Celestis | Suborbital | Space burial
Failed to reach space due to premature payload separation whilst rocket was still burning[10][135][136]
7 May
02:42:00[137] |  Terrier-Orion[137] |  |  Woomera |  DSTO
HiFIRE 0 | DSTO/AFRL | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 7 May | Successful
19 May
04:36  |  Agni II |  |  Integrated Test Range |  Indian Army/DRDO
| Indian Army/DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | +127 seconds | Launch failure
Loss of control, landed in sea 203 kilometres (126 mi) downrange[138]
20 May[66] |  Sejjil-2 |  |  Semnan |  IRGC
| IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 20 May | Successful
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi)
22 May
10:32[139] |  Nike-Orion |  |  Esrange |  EuroLaunch
MAPHEUS | DLR | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 22 May | Successful
Apogee: 140.8 kilometres (87.5 mi)[139]
26 May |  UGM-133 Trident II D5  |  |  HMS Victorious |  Royal Navy
| Royal Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 26 July | Successful
28 May
16:52  |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Wallops Island |  NASA
SOAREX VII | NASA | Suborbital |  | 28 May | Successful
29 May |  Improved Orion |  |  Alcântara |  AEB
Maracati 1  | INPE | Suborbital | Microgravity | 29 May | Successful
6 June |  Terrier-Lynx |  |  San Nicolas |  U.S. Air Force
| U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | YAL-1 target | 6 June | Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
13 June |  Terrier-Lynx |  |  San Nicolas |  U.S. Air Force
| U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | YAL-1 target | 13 June | Successful
Apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
26 June
09:30  |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Wallops Island LA-2 |  NASA
RockOn! | University of Colorado | Suborbital | Student research | 09:45 | Successful
27 June
07:30  |  Black Brant IX |  |  White Sands LC-36 |  NASA
DICE | University of Colorado | Suborbital | UV Astronomy | 07:40 | Spacecraft failure[140]
29 June
10:01  |  LGM-30G Minuteman III |  |  Vandenberg |  U.S. Air Force
GT-199GM  | U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 29 June | Successful
5 July[141] |  Hwasong-7 |  |  Kittaeryong  |  Korean People's Army Strategic Force
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital  | Missile test | 5 July | Successful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi).
5 July[141] |  Hwasong-7 |  |  Kittaeryong  |  Korean People's Army Strategic Force
| Korean People's Army Strategic Force | Suborbital  | Missile test | 5 July | Successful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi).
13 July
01:20[142] |  R-29RMU Sineva |  |  K-84 Ekaterinburg |  VMF
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 13 July | Successful
Carried ten re-entry vehicles, impacted Kura Test Range
13 July
23:50[142] |  R-29RMU Sineva |  |  K-117 Bryansk, North Pole  |  VMF
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 14 July | Successful
Carried ten re-entry vehicles, impacted Chizha test site
16 July[143] |  RSM-56 Bulava |  |  TK-208 Dmitri Donskoi, White Sea |  VMF
| VMF | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 July | Launch failure
First stage malfunction[143]
22 July
03:40  |  LRALT |  | C-17 Globemaster III, Pacific Ocean |  MDA
| MDA/IMDO | Suborbital | ABM target | 22 July | Successful
Target for Arrow test, interceptor launch scrubbed
31 July
03:40  |  | FTM-17  | Kauai  |  MDA
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 31 July | Successful
Target for Stellar Avenger test, intercept successful
31 July
03:42  |  RIM-161 SM-3 | FTM-17  |  USS Hopper |  MDA
Stellar Avenger | MDA | Suborbital | ABM test | 31 July | Successful
31 July
04:00[142] |  | FTM-17  | Kauai  |  MDA
| MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 31 July | Successful
Radar target for exercise after Stellar Avenger, not intercepted
11 August
04:50  |  Black Brant IX |  | San Nicolas  |  NASA
MARTI | U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | ABL target | 11 August | Successful
17 August
12:52:00[144] |  Black Brant IX |  |  Wallops Island |  NASA
IRVE-II | NASA | Suborbital | Technology demonstration | 17 August | Successful
23 August
16:01[145] |  LGM-30G Minuteman III |  |  Vandenberg |  U.S. Air Force
GT-200GM  | U.S. Air Force | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 August | Successful[145]
Travelled 6,743 kilometres (4,190 mi) downrange[145]
3 September[146] |  UGM-133 Trident II D5  |  |  USS West Virginia, Eastern Range |  U.S. Navy
| U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 3 September | Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
4 September[146] |  UGM-133 Trident II D5  |  |  USS West Virginia, Eastern Range |  U.S. Navy
| U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Missile test | 4 September | Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)
14 September
17:40[140] |  Black Brant IX |  |  White Sands LC-36 |  NASA
HERSCHEL | NRL | Suborbital | Solar | 14 September | Successful
19 September
23:32  |  Black Brant XII |  |  Wallops Island LP-1  |  NASA
CARE[147] | NRL  | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 19 September | Successful
27 September[146] |  Shahab 1 |  | Iran  | IRGC
| IRGC  | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 September | Successful
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
27 September[146] |  Shahab 2 |  | Iran  | IRGC
| IRGC  | Suborbital | Missile test | 27 September | Successful
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 100 kilometres (62 mi)
28 September[146] |  Shahab 3 |  | Iran  | IRGC
| IRGC  | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 September | Successful
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 500 kilometres (310 mi)
28 September[146] |  Sejjil-1  |  | Iran  | IRGC
| IRGC  | Suborbital | Missile test | 28 September | Successful
Part of Great Prophet IV exercise, apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi)
6 October[148] |  R-29R Volna |  |  K-433 Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets, Sea of Okhotsk | VMF
| VMF  | Suborbital | Missile test | 6 October | Successful
Carried four re-entry vehicles
7 October[148] | R-29R Volna  |  |  K-44 Ryazan, Sea of Okhotsk  | VMF
| VMF  | Suborbital | Missile test | 7 October | Successful
Carried four re-entry vehicles
12 October | Prithvi 2  |  | Odisha  |  Indian Air Force
| Indian Air Force | Suborbital | Target | 12 October | Successful
16 October[148] |  ARAV-B (Terrier-Oriole)  |  | Kauai  | MDA
FTX-06 Event 2  | MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 October | Successful
Radar target, not intercepted
16 October[148] | ARAV-B (Terrier-Oriole)  |  | Kauai  | MDA
FTX-06 Event 3  | MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 October | Successful
Radar target, not intercepted
28 October
04:00[148] |  | JFTM-3  | Kauai  | MDA
| JMSDF/MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 28 October | Successful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi), intercepted by SM-3
28 October
04:04[148] | RIM-161 SM-3  | JFTM-3  |  JDS Myōkō, Pacific Ocean  | JMSDF
| JMSDF  | Suborbital | ABM test | 28 October | Successful
Apogee: 150 kilometres (93 mi), intercepted target
1 November[148] | R-29RMU Sineva  |  | K-117 Bryansk, Barents Sea | VMF
| VMF  | Suborbital | Missile test | 1 November | Successful
Carried four re-entry vehicles
5 November[148] |  ARAV-C (Talos-Castor)  |  | Kauai  | MDA
FTX-06 Event 4  | MDA | Suborbital | ABM target | 5 November | Successful
Radar target, not intercepted
14 November
02:30[149] |  Black Brant IX |  |  White Sands LC-36 |  NASA
CyXESS | Colorado  | Suborbital | X-ray astronomy[150] | 14 November | Successful
22 November
11:15[151] |  VSB-30 |  |  Esrange |  EuroLaunch
TEXUS-46 | ESA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 22 November | Successful
Apogee: 252 kilometres (157 mi)[113]
23 November
14:20[citation needed] |  Agni II |  |  Integrated Test Range  |  Indian Army/DRDO
| Indian Army/DRDO | Suborbital | Missile test | 23 November | Launch failure
Loss of control after second stage separation[citation needed]
29 November
09:00[151] |  VSB-30 |  |  Esrange | EuroLaunch
TEXUS-47 | ESA | Suborbital | Microgravity | 29 November | Successful
Apogee: 264 kilometres (164 mi)[113]
30 November
01:38[113] |  Ātea-1 |  |  Great Mercury Island |  Rocket Lab
Manu Karere | Rocket Lab | Suborbital | Test flight | 30 November | Successful
Apogee: 120 kilometres (75 mi),[113] maiden flight of Ātea-1, first spaceflight to be conducted by New Zealand
9 December
06:45[113] |  RSM-56 Bulava |  | TK-208 Dmitri Donskoi, White Sea  | VMF
| VMF  | Suborbital | Missile test | 9 December | Launch failure
Loss of control during third stage burn,[113] caused spiral patterns in the sky above Norway
10 December
11:35[113] |  RS-12M Topol |  |  Kapustin Yar |  RVSN RF
| RVSN RF | Suborbital | Missile test | 10 December | Successful
11 December |  LRALT | FTT-11  | C-17 Globemaster III, Pacific Ocean | MDA
| MDA/IMDO | Suborbital | ABM target | 11 December | Launch failure
Target for THAAD
13 December |  Dhanush |  |  INS Subhadra |  Indian Navy
| Indian Navy | Suborbital | Target | 13 December | Successful
16 December[113] |  Sejjil-2  |  |  Iran  |  IRGC
| IRGC | Suborbital | Missile test | 16 December | Successful
Apogee: 800 kilometres (500 mi)
17 December
03:25  |  Terrier-Orion |  |  Wallops Island |  NASA
HAROH[152] | ERAU | Suborbital | Aeronomy | 17 December | Successful
19 December[153] |  UGM-133 Trident II D5  |  |  USS Alaska |  US Navy
| U.S. Navy | Suborbital | Test flight | 19 December | Successful
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation
24 December[154] |  R-36M2 Voyevoda |  |  Dombarovsky |  RVSN RF
| RVSN RF | Suborbital | Missile test | 24 December | Successful

## Deep space rendezvous

[edit]

Date  | Spacecraft  | Event  | Remarks

|
|
|

7 February | Cassini | 50th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 960 kilometres (600 mi)
12 February[155] | Okina | Lunar impact | Farside of the Moon
17 February | Dawn | Flyby of Mars | Gravity assist, closest approach 549 kilometres (341 mi) at 00:28 GMT
1 March[156] | Chang'e 1 | Lunar impact | Deorbited at 07:36 and impacted at 08:13[156]
27 March | Cassini | 51st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 960 kilometres (600 mi)
4 April | Cassini | 52nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 4,150 kilometres (2,580 mi)
20 April | Cassini | 53rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,600 kilometres (2,200 mi)
5 May | Cassini | 54th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 3,244 kilometres (2,016 mi)
21 May | Cassini | 55th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 965 kilometres (600 mi)
6 June | Cassini | 56th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 965 kilometres (600 mi)
10 June[157] | Kaguya | Lunar Impact | at 18:25 UTC, around Gill crater.
22 June | Cassini | 57th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 955 kilometres (593 mi)
23 June | LRO | Selenocentric orbit insertion | Orbital insersion burn lasted from 09:47 to 10:26 UTC
23 June | LCROSS/Centaur | Lunar flyby | Gravity assist to align for impact in October, closest approach: 3,200 kilometres (2,000 mi) at 10:30:33 UTC
8 July | Cassini | 58th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 965 kilometres (600 mi)
24 July | Cassini | 59th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 955 kilometres (593 mi)
9 August | Cassini | 60th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 970 kilometres (600 mi)
25 August | Cassini | 61st flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 970 kilometres (600 mi)
17 September | Artemis P1 | Lunar flyby | Closest approach: 43,875 kilometres (27,263 mi) at 00:49 UTC[158]
30 September | MESSENGER | 3rd flyby of Mercury | Gravity assist, closest approach: 229 kilometres (142 mi)[159]
9 October | AV-020 Centaur | Lunar impact | 2,000-kilogram (4,400 lb) upper stage of the Atlas V rocket used to launch LRO and LCROSS. Impacted Cabeus crater[5] at Lunar South Pole.[160] Impact occurred at 11:31 UTC, and was observed by LCROSS.
LCROSS (S-S/C) | Lunar impact | 700-kilogram (1,500 lb) shepherding spacecraft. Detached from Centaur at 01:50 UTC, and impacted same crater at 11:37.
12 October | Cassini | 62nd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 1,300 kilometres (810 mi)
2 November | Cassini | 7th flyby of Enceladus | Closest approach: 103 kilometres (64 mi)
13 November | Rosetta | 3rd flyby of Earth | Gravity assist
21 November | Cassini | 8th flyby of Enceladus | Closest approach: 1,607 kilometres (999 mi)
8 December | Artemis P1 | Lunar flyby | Closest approach: 16,101 kilometres (10,005 mi) at 01:25 UTC[158]
12 December | Cassini | 63rd flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 4,850 kilometres (3,010 mi)
28 December | Cassini | 64th flyby of Titan | Closest approach: 955 kilometres (593 mi)

Distant, non-targeted flybys of Dione, Mimas, Rhea, Tethys and Titan by Cassini occurred throughout the year.

## EVAs

[edit]

Start Date/Time  | Duration  | End Time  | Spacecraft  | Crew  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|

10 March
16:22  | 4 hours
49 minutes | 21:11  | Expedition 18
ISS Pirs |  Yuri Lonchakov
Michael Fincke | Installed the EXPOSE-R experiment, removed tape straps from a docking target on the Pirs docking compartment, inspected and photographed the exterior of the Russian portion of the station.[161][162]
19 March
17:16  | 6 hours
7 minutes  | 23:23  | STS-119
ISS Quest |  Steven Swanson
Richard R. Arnold | Installed the S6 truss to the S5 truss, connected S5/S6 umbilicals, released launch restraints, removed keel pins, stored and removed thermal covers, and deployed the S6 photovoltaic radiator.[163]
21 March
16:51  | 6 hours
30 minutes  | 23:21  | STS-119
ISS Quest | Steven Swanson
Joseph M. Acaba | Advanced preparation of worksite for STS-127, installation of an unpressurised cargo carrier attachment system on the P3 truss, installation of a Global Positioning System antenna to the Kibo laboratory, and infrared imagery of panels of the radiators on the P1 and S1 trusses.[164][165] Cargo carrier installation unsuccessful
23 March
15:37  | 6 hours
27 minutes  | 22:04  | STS-119
ISS Quest | Joseph M. Acaba
Richard R. Arnold  | Relocation of a crew equipment cart, complete the deployment of a cargo carrier, lubricated the station robotic arm's latching end effector B snare bearings, and finish swapping electrical relays to the station's gyroscopes.[166] Cargo carrier deployment unsuccessful
14 May
12:52  | 7 hours
20 minutes  | 20:12  | STS-125
Atlantis |  John M. Grunsfeld
Andrew J. Feustel | HST servicing: Replaced the WFPC-2 with WFC-3, replaced the Science Instrument Command and Data Handling Unit, lubricated three shroud doors, installed SCM.[167][168][169]
15 May
12:49  | 7 hours
56 minutes  | 20:46  | STS-125
Atlantis |  Michael J. Massimino
Michael T. Good | HST servicing: Replaced rate sensing gyroscopes, removed one of two batteries.[170][171]
16 May
13:35  | 6 hours
36 minutes  | 20:11  | STS-125
Atlantis | John M. Grunsfeld
Andrew J. Feustel  | HST servicing: Replaced COSTAR with COS. Repaired ACS, performed get-ahead tasks from EVA-5.[172]
17 May
13:45  | 8 hours
2 minutes  | 21:47  | STS-125
Atlantis | Michael J. Massimino
Michael T. Good  | HST servicing: Repaired Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph.[173]
18 May
13:20  | 7 hours
2 minutes  | 20:22  | STS-125
Atlantis | John M. Grunsfeld
Andrew J. Feustel  | HST servicing: Final HST servicing EVA, final EVA from Space Shuttle. Replaced second battery, installed FGS-3, replaced some insulation and a low-gain antenna cover.[174][175][176]
5 June
07:52  | 4 hours
54 minutes  | 12:46  | Expedition 20
ISS Pirs |  Gennady Padalka
Michael R. Barratt | Prepared the Zvezda service module transfer compartment for the arrival of the Poisk module, installed docking antenna for the module, photographed antenna for evaluation on the ground, and photographed the Strela-2 crane. First use of the Orlan-MK spacesuit.[177][178]
10 June
06:55  | 12 minutes  | 07:07  | Expedition 20
ISS Zvezda | Gennady Padalka
Michael R. Barratt  | Internal spacewalk in the depressurised Zvezda transfer compartment, replaced one of the Zvezda hatches with a docking cone, in preparation for the docking of Poisk, later this year.[179]
18 July
16:19  | 5 hours
32 minutes  | 21:51  | STS-127
ISS Quest |  David Wolf
Timothy L. Kopra | JEF installed and P3 nadir UCCAS deployed. S3 zenith outboard PAS deploy postponed due to time constraints.
20 July
15:27  | 6 hours
53 minutes  | 22:20  | STS-127
ISS Quest | David Wolf
Thomas Marshburn | Transferred Orbital Replacement Units (ORUs) from the Shuttle Integrated Cargo Carrier (ICC) to the External Stowage Platform-3 (ESP-3). Transferred materials included a spare high-gain antenna, cooling-system pump module and spare parts for the Mobile Servicing System. JEF Visual Equipment (JEF-VE) installation on the forward section was postponed due to time constraints.
22 July
14:32  | 5 hours
59 minutes  | 20:31  | STS-127
ISS Quest | David Wolf
Christopher Cassidy | JPM preparation work, ICS-EF MLI, and P6 battery replacement (2 of 6 units). EVA was cut short due to high levels of CO2 in Cassidy's suit.
24 July
13:54  | 7 hours
12 minutes  | 21:06  | STS-127
ISS Quest | Christopher Cassidy
Thomas Marshburn  | P6 battery replacement (final 4 of 6).
27 July
11:33  | 4 hours
54 minutes  | 16:27  | STS-127
ISS Quest | Christopher Cassidy
Thomas Marshburn  | SPDM thermal cover adjustment, Z1 patch panel reconfiguration, JEM visual equipment (JEM-VE) installation (forward and aft), and JEM-LTA reconfigurations. S3 Nadir PAS (outboard) deployment postponed to later mission.
1 September
21:49  | 6 hours
35 minutes  | 2 September
04:24  | STS-128
ISS Quest |  John D. Olivas
Nicole P. Stott | Prepared for the replacement of an empty ammonia tank on the station's port truss by releasing its bolts. Retrieved the MISSE-6 and EuTEF experiments mounted outside Columbus, and stowed them in the Shuttle's payload bay for their return to Earth. Nicole Stott becomes the tenth woman to conduct a spacewalk.
3 September
22:13  | 6 hours
39 minutes  | 4 September
04:51  | STS-128
ISS Quest | John D. Olivas
Christer Fuglesang | Removed the new ammonia tank from the shuttle's payload bay and replaced it with the used tank from the station. The new tank, weighing about 1,800 pounds (820 kg), was the most mass ever moved by spacewalking astronauts. With this spacewalk, Christer Fuglesang became the first person, who is not from either an American or Russian space program, to have participated in four or more spacewalks.
5 September
20:39  | 7 hours
1 minute  | 6 September
03:40  | STS-128
ISS Quest | John D. Olivas
Christer Fuglesang  | Prepared for the arrival of Tranquility by attaching cables between the starboard truss and Unity, the area where Tranquility will be installed. The spacewalkers also replaced a communications sensor device, installed two new GPS antennas, deployed the PAS on the S3 truss, and replaced a circuit breaker.
19 November
14:24  | 6 hours
37 minutes  | 21:01  | STS-129
ISS Quest |  Michael Foreman
Robert Satcher | Installed a spare antenna on the station's truss and a bracket for ammonia lines on Unity. Lubricated the grapple mechanism on the Payload Orbital Replacement Unit Attachment Device on the Mobile Base System and lubricated the snares of the hand of the station's Japanese robotic arm. Deployed the S3 outboard Payload Attach System.
21 November
14:31  | 6 hours
8 minutes  | 20:39  | STS-129
ISS Quest | Michael Foreman
Randolph Bresnik | Installed the GATOR (Grappling Adaptor to On-Orbit Railing) bracket to Columbus and an additional ham radio antenna. Installed on the truss an antenna for wireless helmet camera video. Relocated the Floating Potential Measurement Unit that records electrical potential around the station as it orbits the Earth. Deployed two brackets to attach cargo on the truss.
23 November
13:24  | 5 hours
42 minutes  | 19:06  | STS-129
ISS Quest | Robert Satcher
Randolph Bresnik  | Installed a new High Pressure Gas Tank (HPGT) on the Quest airlock. Installed MISSE-7A and 7B on ELC-2. Strapped two micrometeoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) shields to External Stowage Platform #2. Relocated foot restraint, released a bolt on Ammonia Tank Assembly, installed insulated covers on cameras on mobile servicing system and Canadarm 2's end effector. Worked heater cables on docking adapter.

## Orbital launch statistics

[edit]

### By country

[edit]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport.

Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial
failures

|
|
|
|

|  China | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1
|  France | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0
|  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0
|  Iran | 1 | 1[a] | 0 | 0
|  Japan | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0
|  North Korea | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0
|  South Korea | 1[b] | 0 | 1 | 0
|  Russia | 27 | 26 | 1 | 0
|  Ukraine | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0
|  United States | 24 | 23 | 1 | 0
World | 78 | 73 | 4 | 1

### By rocket

[edit]

Ariane

Atlas

Delta

H-II

Long March

Minotaur

PSLV

R-7

R-36

Shuttle

Zenit

Others

* Ariane 5
* Atlas V
* Delta II
* Delta IV
* Delta IV Heavy
* H-IIA
* H-IIB
* Long March 2
* Long March 3
* Long March 4
* Minotaur I
* Taurus
* PSLV
* Soyuz-U
* Soyuz-FG
* Soyuz-2
* Dnepr
* Tsyklon-3
* Space Shuttle
* Proton-K
* Proton-M
* Rokot
* Zenit-3SL/SLB
* Others

#### By family

[edit]

Family  | Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|

Angara |  Russia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Ariane |  France | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas |  United States | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Delta |  United States | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 |
Falcon |  United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
H-II |  Japan | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Long March |  China | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 |
Minotaur |  United States | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
PSLV |  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
R-7 |  Russia | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 |
R-14 |  Russia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
R-36 |  Ukraine | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Safir |  Iran | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First successful launch[2]
Space Shuttle |  United States | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Unha |  North Korea | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Universal Rocket |  Russia | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 |
Zenit |  Ukraine | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |

#### By type

[edit]

Rocket  | Country  | Family  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Ariane 5 |  France | Ariane | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V |  United States | Atlas | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Delta II |  United States | Delta | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
Delta IV |  United States | Delta | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Dnepr |  Ukraine | R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Falcon 1 |  United States | Falcon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight[4]
H-IIA |  Japan | H-II | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIB |  Japan | H-II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Kosmos |  Russia | R-12/R-14 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 2 |  China | Long March | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 3 |  China | Long March | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Long March 4 |  China | Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Minotaur I |  United States | Minotaur | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Naro |  Russia
South Korea | Angara | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Proton |  Russia | Universal Rocket | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
PSLV |  India | PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Safir |  Iran | Safir | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz |  Russia | R-7 | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz-2 |  Russia | R-7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Space Shuttle |  United States | Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Taurus |  United States | Minotaur | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Tsyklon |  Ukraine | R-36 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight[3]
Unha |  North Korea | Unha | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
UR-100 |  Russia | Universal Rocket | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Zenit |  Ukraine | Zenit | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |

#### By configuration

[edit]

Rocket  | Country  | Type  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Ariane 5 ECA |  France | Ariane 5 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
Ariane 5 GS |  France | Ariane 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight
Atlas V 401 |  United States | Atlas V | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V 421 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V 431 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Delta II 7320 |  United States | Delta II | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Delta II 7920 |  United States | Delta II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Delta II 7925 |  United States | Delta II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | Final flight
Delta IV-M+ (4,2) |  United States | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Delta IV-M+ (5,4) |  United States | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Delta IV Heavy |  United States | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Dnepr |  Ukraine | Dnepr | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Falcon 1 |  United States | Falcon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIA 202 |  Japan | H-IIA | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIB |  Japan | H-IIB | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Kosmos-3M |  Russia | Kosmos | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 2C |  China | Long March 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 2D |  China | Long March 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 3B |  China | Long March 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Long March 3C |  China | Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 4C |  China | Long March 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Minotaur I |  United States | Minotaur I | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Naro-1 |  Russia
South Korea | Naro | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Proton-K / DM-2 |  Russia | Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Proton-M / DM-2 |  Russia | Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Proton-M / Briz-M |  Russia | Proton | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
PSLV-CA |  India | PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Rokot / Briz-KM |  Russia | UR-100 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Safir |  Iran | Safir | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat |  Russia | Soyuz-2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat |  Russia | Soyuz-2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz-FG |  Russia | Soyuz | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz-U |  Russia | Soyuz | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Space Shuttle |  United States | Space Shuttle | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Taurus-XL 3110 |  United States | Taurus | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Tsyklon-3 |  Ukraine | Tsyklon | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight[3]
Unha |  North Korea | Unha | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Zenit-3SL |  Ukraine | Zenit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Zenit-3SLB |  Ukraine | Zenit | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |

### By launch site

[edit]

China

France

India

International waters

Iran

Japan

Kazakhstan

Marshall Islands

North Korea

Russia

South Korea

United States

* Jiuquan
* Taiyuan
* Xichang
* Kourou
* Satish Dhawan
* Ocean Odyssey
* Semnan
* Tanegashima
* Baikonur
* Kwajalein
* Tonghae
* Plesetsk
* Naro
* Cape Canaveral
* Kennedy
* MARS
* Vandenberg

Site  | Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|

Baikonur |  Kazakhstan | 24 | 24 | 0 | 0 |
Cape Canaveral |  United States | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 |
Jiuquan |  China | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Kennedy |  United States | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Kwajalein |  Marshall Islands | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Kourou |  France | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
MARS |  United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Ocean Odyssey |  International | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Naro |  South Korea | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | First launch
Plesetsk |  Russia | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
Satish Dhawan |  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Semnan |  Iran | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Taiyuan |  China | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Tanegashima |  Japan | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Tonghae |  North Korea | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Vandenberg |  United States | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 |
Xichang |  China | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Total | 78 | 73 | 4 | 1 |

### By orbit

[edit]

Transatmospheric

Low Earth

Medium Earth

Geosynchronous / transfer

High Earth

Heliocentric

* Transatmospheric
* Low Earth
* Low Earth (ISS)
* Low Earth (SSO)
* Low Earth (retrograde)
* Medium Earth
* Geosychronous
(transfer)
* Inclined GSO
* High Earth
* Heliocentric

Orbital regime  | Launches  | Successes | Failures  | Accidentally
achieved  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|

Transatmospheric | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Low Earth | 45 | 42 | 3 | 0 | 14 to ISS
Medium Earth / Molniya | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Geosynchronous / GTO | 26 | 26 | 0 | 0 |
High Earth / Lunar transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Heliocentric / Planetary transfer | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 78 | 74 | 4 | 1 |

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ First successful orbital launch[2]
2. ^ With Russian assistance

## See also

[edit]

* List of human spaceflights
* Suborbital spaceflight in 2009
* Timeline of spaceflight

## References

[edit]

* Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
* Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
* Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
* Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
* Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
* McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
* Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
* Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
* Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
* Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
* "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
* "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
* "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
* "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.

Generic references:

* view
* talk
* edit

Spaceflight portal

### Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ "It's a First! Swiss Satellite in Space – This Cube Isn't Cheese". A celebration at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. Satnews Daily. 21 September 2009. Archived from the original on 24 February 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2009.
2. ^ a b c d e McDowell, Jonathan. "Issue 606". Jonathan's Space Report. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2009.
3. ^ a b c d e Barbosa, Rui C. (30 January 2009). "Russian Tsyklon-3 bows out with CORONAS launch". NASASpaceflight.com. Archived from the original on 2 February 2009. Retrieved 30 January 2009.
4. ^ a b c d "Falcon 1". Space Exploration Technologies Corporation. Archived from the original on 3 January 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2010.
5. ^ a b c "LCROSS Impact Data Indicates Water on Moon". NASA. 13 November 2009. Archived from the original on 12 December 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
6. ^ Lakdawalla, Emily (30 September 2009). "Third Time's No Charm: MESSENGER's Third Gravity Assist Successful, But "Safe Mode" Interrupts Science". The Planetary Society. Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
7. ^ Zak, Anatoly. "The Meridian satellite (14F112)". RussianSpaceWeb. Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 3 May 2011.
8. ^ a b c de Selding, Peter B. (19 November 2009). "Burn-through Blamed in China Long March Mishap". Space News. Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
9. ^ "Spacecraft Query Results". Master Catalog Search. NSSDC. Archived from the original on 2 October 2012. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
10. ^ a b "SpaceLoft SL-3 Mission Summary". UP Aerospace. 7 May 2009. Archived from the original on 30 November 2009. Retrieved 20 December 2009.
11. ^ Clark, Stephen (24 June 2009). "Court filings detail Sea Launch's bankruptcy". Spaceflight Now. Archived from the original on 29 August 2009. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
12. ^ a b Clark, Stephen (20 November 2009). "Rocket barons share thoughts on launch industry". Spaceflight Now. Archived from the original on 31 December 2009. Retrieved 1 January 2010.
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Timeline of spaceflight

* Spaceflight before 1951

1950s|

* 1950
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* 1953
* 1954
* 1955
* 1956
* 1957
* 1958
* 1959

1960s|

* 1960
* 1961
* 1962
* 1963
* 1964
* 1965
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969

1970s|

* 1970
* 1971
* 1972
* 1973
* 1974
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979

1980s|

* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
* 1983
* 1984
* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989

1990s|

* 1990
* 1991
* 1992
* 1993
* 1994
* 1995
* 1996
* 1997
* 1998
* 1999

2000s|

* 2000
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

2010s|

* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018
* 2019

2020s|

* 2020
* 2021 (H1, H2)
* 2022 (H1, H2)
* 2023 (H1, H2)
* 2024 (H1, H2)
* 2025 (H1, H2)
* 2026
* 2027
* 2028
* 2029

* Future

* v
* t
* e

← 2008

Orbital launches in 2009

2010 →

January|

* USA-202 / Orion 6
* Ibuki, Kukai, SDS-1, Sohla-1
* Koronas-Foton

February|

* Omid
* NOAA-19
* Progress M-66
* Ekspress-AM44, Ekspress-MD1
* Hot Bird 10, NSS-9, Spirale-A, Spirale-B
* OCO
* Telstar 11N
* Raduga-1

March|

* Kepler
* STS-119 (ITS S6)
* GOCE
* USA-203
* Soyuz TMA-14

April|

* Eutelsat W2A
* USA-204
* Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2
* Compass-G2
* RISAT-2, ANUSAT
* SICRAL 1B
* Yaogan 6
* Kosmos 2450

May|

* USA-205
* Progress M-02M
* STS-125
* Herschel, Planck
* ProtoStar 2
* TacSat-3, PharmaSat, AeroCube-3, HawkSat-1, CP6
* Meridian 2
* Soyuz TMA-15

June|

* LRO, LCROSS
* MEASAT-3a
* GOES 14
* Sirius FM-5

July|

* TerreStar-1
* Kosmos 2451, Kosmos 2452, Kosmos 2453
* RazakSAT
* STS-127 (JEM-EF, AggieSat 2, BEVO-1, Castor, Pollux)
* Kosmos 2454, Sterkh No.11L
* Progress M-67
* DubaiSat-1, Deimos-1, UK-DMC 2, Nanosat-1B, AprizeSat-3, AprizeSat-4

August|

* AsiaSat 5
* USA-206
* JCSAT-RA, Optus D3
* STSat-2A
* STS-128 (Leonardo MPLM)
* Palapa-D

September|

* USA-207 / PAN
* HTV-1
* Meteor-M No.1, BLITS, Sterkh-2, SumbandilaSat, UGATUSAT, Universitetsky-Tatyana-2
* Nimiq 5
* Oceansat-2, Rubin 9.1, Rubin 9.2, BeeSat-1, UWE-2, ITU-pSat1, SwissCube-1
* USA-208 / STSS-Demo 1, USA-209 / STSS-Demo 2
* Soyuz TMA-16

October|

* Amazonas-2, COMSATBw-1
* WorldView-2
* Progress M-03M
* USA-210
* Thor 6, NSS-12

November|

* SMOS, PROBA-2
* Progress M-MIM2 (Poisk)
* Shijian 11-01
* STS-129 (ExPRESS-1, ExPRESS-2)
* Kosmos 2455
* Intelsat 14
* Eutelsat W7
* IGS Optical 3
* Intelsat 15

December|

* USA-211
* Yaogan 7
* Kosmos 2456, Kosmos 2457, Kosmos 2458
* Yaogan 8, Xi Wang 1
* Helios IIB
* Soyuz TMA-17
* DirecTV-12

Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
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*[⚀]: CubeSat