2010 United States state legislative elections

For related races, see 2010 United States elections.

2010 United States state legislative elections

* * *

| <- 2009 | November 2, 2010 | 2011 ->

|
|

* * *

88 legislative chambers in 46 states
|  | Majority party  | Minority party  | Third party

|
|
|

|  |  |
Party  | Republican | Democratic | Coalition
Chambers before  | 37  | 61 | 1[b]
Chambers after  | 57 | 40  | 1[b]
Overall change  |  20  |  21[a] |

* * *

Map of upper house elections:
Democrats retained control
Republicans gained control Republicans retained control
Coalition retained control
Non-partisan legislature
No regularly-scheduled elections

* * *

Map of lower house elections:
Democrats retained control
Republicans gained control Republicans retained control
Split body formed
Non-partisan legislature
No regularly-scheduled elections

The 2010 United States state legislative elections were held on November 2, 2010, halfway through President Barack Obama's first term in office. Elections were held for 88 legislative chambers, with all states but Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, and Virginia holding elections in at least one house. Kansas and New Mexico held elections for their lower, but not upper houses. Four territorial chambers in three territories and the District of Columbia were up as well. The winners of this election cycle served in their respective legislatures for either two or four-year terms, depending on state election rules.

Owing to the slow recovery from the Great Recession, the unpopularity of Democratic president Barack Obama, and the highly-publicized and chaotic passage of the Affordable Care Act, Republicans scored record gains. They net a total of 680 seats and took control of 20 legislative chambers, while the Democrats lost 21 chambers.

The Republican victories gave the party unprecedented power over the redrawing of congressional and state legislative districts following the 2010 census. They also used their newfound majorities to pass conservative legislation in a number of states, weakening labor unions, cracking down on illegal immigration, restricting abortion access, cutting taxes, and reducing government regulation.

## Background

[edit]

Partisan control of state legislatures following the 2008 and 2009 elections

Democratic control

Republican control

Split control

Nonpartisan legislature

The 2008 elections saw a nationwide Democratic wave election, including the election of Barack Obama to the presidency, as well as the expansion of Democratic majorities in the Senate and House of Representatives.[1] At the state legislative level, Democrats won control of 27 state legislatures, while Republicans only held 14, with 8 divided between parties. Democrats showed great strength across the country in that election, primarily losing ground only in the South, where they lost control of the Oklahoma Senate and the Tennessee House of Representatives.[2]

## Issues

[edit]

Tea Party protesters on the West Lawn of the U.S. Capitol and the National Mall at the Taxpayer March on Washington on September 12, 2009

The 2010 elections were held during the middle of President Barack Obama's first presidential term. Obama had taken office during the Great Recession, and signed several laws meant to counteract it, including the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. He also passed significant healthcare reform through the Affordable Care Act, a highly-controversial effort that a majority of Americans disapproved of at time.[3] Other significant issues included illegal immigration and terrorism. By the time of the election, large pluralities of American voters sided with Republicans more than Democrats on these issues, with Democrats only above water on healthcare and environmental policy.[4]

The conservative Tea Party movement grew significantly in 2009 and 2010, staging large protests in response to legislation passed by the Obama administration.[5][6]

Behind the scenes, Republicans aggressively targeted state legislative races in states where they could gain complete control of the redistricting process following the 2010 census through the project REDMAP.[7][8]

## Summary table

[edit]

Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 88 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States; nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were held for 6,064 of the 7,383 legislative seats. Most legislative chambers held elections for all seats, but some legislative chambers that use staggered elections held elections for only a portion of the total seats in the chamber.[9] The chambers that were not up for election either hold regularly-scheduled elections in odd-numbered years, or have four-year terms and hold all regularly-scheduled elections in presidential election years.

Note that this table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections took place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.

State  | Upper House[9] | Lower House[9]

|
|

Seats up  | Total  | % up  | Term  | Seats up  | Total  | % up  | Term
Alabama | 35  | 35  | 100  | 4  | 105  | 105  | 100  | 4
Alaska | 10  | 20  | 50  | 4  | 40  | 40  | 100  | 2
Arizona | 30  | 30  | 100  | 2  | 60  | 60  | 100  | 2
Arkansas | 18  | 35  | 51  | 2/4[c] | 100  | 100  | 100  | 2
California | 20  | 40  | 50  | 4  | 80  | 80  | 100  | 2
Colorado | 17  | 35  | 49  | 4  | 65  | 65  | 100  | 2
Connecticut | 36  | 36  | 100  | 2  | 151  | 151  | 100  | 2
Delaware | 10  | 21  | 48  | 2/4[c] | 41  | 41  | 100  | 2
Florida | 20  | 40  | 50  | 2/4[c] | 120  | 120  | 100  | 2
Georgia | 56  | 56  | 100  | 2  | 180  | 180  | 100  | 2
Hawaii | 12  | 25  | 48  | 2/4[c] | 51  | 51  | 100  | 2
Idaho | 35  | 35  | 100  | 2  | 70  | 70  | 100  | 2
Illinois | 39  | 59  | 66  | 2/4[c] | 118  | 118  | 100  | 2
Indiana | 25  | 50  | 50  | 4  | 100  | 100  | 100  | 2
Iowa | 25  | 50  | 50  | 4  | 100  | 100  | 100  | 2
Kansas | 0  | 40  | 0  | 4  | 125  | 125  | 100  | 2
Kentucky | 19  | 38  | 50  | 4  | 100  | 100  | 100  | 2
Louisiana | 0  | 39  | 0  | 4  | 0  | 105  | 0  | 4
Maine | 35  | 35  | 100  | 2  | 151  | 151  | 100  | 2
Maryland | 47  | 47  | 100  | 4  | 141  | 141  | 100  | 4
Massachusetts | 40  | 40  | 100  | 2  | 160  | 160  | 100  | 2
Michigan | 38  | 38  | 100  | 4  | 110  | 110  | 100  | 2
Minnesota | 67  | 67  | 100  | 2/4[c] | 134  | 134  | 100  | 2
Mississippi | 0  | 52  | 0  | 4  | 0  | 122  | 0  | 4
Missouri | 17  | 34  | 50  | 4  | 163  | 163  | 100  | 2
Montana | 25  | 50  | 50  | 4  | 100  | 100  | 100  | 2
Nebraska | 24[d] | 49[d] | 49[d] | 4  | N/A (unicameral)
Nevada | 11  | 21  | 52  | 4  | 42  | 42  | 100  | 2
New Hampshire | 24  | 24  | 100  | 2  | 400  | 400  | 100  | 2
New Jersey | 0  | 40  | 0  | 2/4[c] | 0  | 80  | 0  | 2
New Mexico | 0  | 42  | 100  | 4  | 70  | 70  | 100  | 2
New York | 62  | 62  | 100  | 2  | 150  | 150  | 100  | 2
North Carolina | 50  | 50  | 100  | 2  | 120  | 120  | 100  | 2
North Dakota | 24  | 47  | 51  | 4  | 47  | 94  | 50  | 4
Ohio | 16  | 33  | 52  | 4  | 99  | 99  | 100  | 2
Oklahoma | 24  | 48  | 50  | 4  | 101  | 101  | 100  | 2
Oregon | 15  | 30  | 50  | 4  | 60  | 60  | 100  | 2
Pennsylvania | 25  | 50  | 50  | 4  | 203  | 203  | 100  | 2
Rhode Island | 38  | 38  | 100  | 2  | 75  | 75  | 100  | 2
South Carolina | 0  | 46  | 0  | 4  | 124  | 124  | 100  | 2
South Dakota | 35  | 35  | 100  | 2  | 70  | 70  | 100  | 2
Tennessee | 17  | 33  | 52  | 4  | 99  | 99  | 100  | 2
Texas | 15  | 31  | 48  | 2/4[c] | 150  | 150  | 100  | 2
Utah | 14  | 29  | 48  | 4  | 75  | 75  | 100  | 2
Vermont | 30  | 30  | 100  | 2  | 150  | 150  | 100  | 2
Virginia | 0  | 40  | 0  | 4  | 0  | 100  | 0  | 2
Washington | 25  | 49  | 49  | 4  | 98  | 98  | 100  | 2
West Virginia | 17  | 34  | 50  | 4  | 100  | 100  | 100  | 2
Wisconsin | 17  | 33  | 52  | 4  | 99  | 99  | 100  | 2
Wyoming | 15  | 30  | 50  | 4  | 60  | 60  | 100  | 2
Total  | 1105  | 1971  | 56  | N/A  | 4958  | 5411  | 92  | N/A

## Electoral predictions

[edit]

Analysts predicted a very strong showing for the Republicans, anticipating a nationwide wave election in their favor. This was attributed to the nation's slow recovery from the Great Recession, the chaotic passage and implementation of the Affordable Care Act, immigration, and the large number of legislative chambers and governorships that Democrats controlled after the 2006 and 2008 elections.[10] As the campaign progressed, Democratic prospects only became worse, leading to the largest gap in legislative chambers held by each party considered vulnerable in over a decade.[11] By election day, Republicans were expected to be able to flip between eleven and twenty seven legislative chambers from Democrats, with only one Republican-held chamber considered vulnerable.[12]

Ratings are designated as follows:

* "Tossup": Competitive, no advantage
* "Lean": Competitive, slight advantage
* "Likely": Not competitive, but opposition could make significant gains
* "Safe": Not competitive at all

State  | Chamber  | Last

election

| Ballotpedia

Oct. 2010[13]

| Governing

Nov. 1, 2010[12]

| Result

|
|
|
|
|

Alabama | Senate | D 23–12  | Tossup  | Lean R (flip) | R 22–12–1
House of Representatives | D 62–43  | Tossup  | Lean R (flip) | R 62–43
Alaska | Senate | Coal. 16–4  | Lean R (flip) | Tossup  | Coal. 15–5
House of Representatives | R 22–18  | Likely R  | Lean R  | R 24–16
Arizona | Senate | R 18–12  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 21–9
House of Representatives | R 35–25  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 40–20
Arkansas | Senate | D 27–8  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 20–15
House of Representatives | D 71–28–1  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 55–45
California | State Senate | D 25–15  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 25–15
State Assembly | D 50–29–1  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 52–28
Colorado | Senate | D 21–14  | Lean D  | Lean D  | D 20–15
House of Representatives | D 38–27  | Tossup  | Tossup  | R 33–32
Connecticut | State Senate | D 24–12  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 23–13
House of Representatives | D 114–37  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 100–51
Delaware | Senate | D 16–5  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 14–7
House of Representatives | D 24–17  | Lean D  | Lean D  | D 26–15
Florida | Senate | R 26–14  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 28–12
House of Representatives | R 76–44  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 81–39
Georgia | State Senate | R 34–22  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 35–21
House of Representatives | R 105–74–1  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 108–71–1
Hawaii | Senate | D 23–2  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 24–1
House of Representatives | D 45–6  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 43–8
Idaho | Senate | R 28–7  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 28–7
House of Representatives | R 52–18  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 57–13
Illinois | Senate | D 37–22  | Likely D  | Likely D  | D 35–24
House of Representatives | D 70–48  | Likely D  | Lean D  | D 64–54
Indiana | Senate | R 33–17  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 37–13
House of Representatives | D 52–48  | Lean R (flip) | Lean R (flip) | R 60–40
Iowa | Senate | D 32–18  | Lean R (flip) | Lean D  | D 26–24
House of Representatives | D 57–43  | Tossup  | Tossup  | R 60–40
Kansas | House of Representatives | R 77–48  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 92–33
Kentucky | Senate | R 21–16–1  | Likely R  | Likely R  | R 22–15–1
House of Representatives | D 65–35  | Likely D  | Likely D  | D 58–42
Maine | Senate | D 20–15  | Tossup  | Tossup  | R 20–14–1
House of Representatives | D 95–55–1  | Likely D  | Likely D  | R 77–73–1
Maryland | Senate | D 33–14  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 35–12
House of Delegates | D 104–37  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 98–43
Massachusetts | Senate | D 35–5  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 36–4
House of Representatives | D 144–15–1  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 130–30
Michigan | Senate | R 21–17  | Likely R  | Likely R  | R 26–12
House of Representatives | D 67–43  | Lean D  | Tossup  | R 63–47
Minnesota | Senate | D 44–23  | Likely D  | Likely D  | R 37–30
House of Representatives | D 87–47  | Lean D  | Lean D  | R 72–62
Missouri | Senate | R 23–11  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 26–8
House of Representatives | R 89–74  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 106–57
Montana | Senate | R 27–23  | Likely R  | Likely R  | R 28–22
House of Representatives | D 50–50  | Lean R (flip) | Lean R (flip) | R 68–32
Nevada | Senate | D 12–9  | Likely D  | Lean D  | D 11–10
Assembly | D 28–14  | Likely D  | Likely D  | D 26–16
New Hampshire | Senate | D 14–10  | Tossup  | Lean R (flip) | R 19–5
House of Representatives | D 225–175  | Tossup  | Lean R (flip) | R 298–102
New Mexico | House of Representatives | D 45–25  | Likely D  | Likely D  | D 36–34
New York | State Senate | D 32–30  | Tossup  | Tossup  | R 32–30
State Assembly | D 107–41–1–1  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 99–50–1
North Carolina | Senate | D 30–20  | Tossup  | Tossup  | R 31–19
House of Representatives | D 68–52  | Tossup  | Tossup  | R 67–52–1
North Dakota | Senate | R 26–21  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 35–12
House of Representatives | R 58–36  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 69–25
Ohio | Senate | R 21–12  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 23–10
House of Representatives | D 53–46  | Lean R (flip) | Lean R (flip) | R 59–40
Oklahoma | Senate | R 26–22  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 32–16
House of Representatives | R 61–40  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 70–31
Oregon | State Senate | D 18–12  | Lean D  | Lean D  | D 16–14
House of Representatives | D 36–24  | Likely D  | Likely D  | 30–30
Pennsylvania | State Senate | R 30–20  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 30–20
House of Representatives | D 104–99  | Lean R (flip) | Lean R (flip) | R 112–91
Rhode Island | Senate | D 33–4–1  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 29–8–1
House of Representatives | D 69–6  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 65–10
South Carolina | House of Representatives | R 73–51  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 76–48
South Dakota | Senate | R 21–14  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 29–6
House of Representatives | R 46–24  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 50–19–1
Tennessee | Senate | R 19–14  | Likely R  | Likely R  | R 20–13
House of Representatives | R 50–49  | Likely R  | Likely R  | R 64–34–1
Texas | Senate | R 19–12  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 19–12
House of Representatives | R 76–74  | Likely R  | Likely R  | R 99–51
Utah | State Senate | R 21–8  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 22–7
House of Representatives | R 53–22  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 58–17
Vermont | Senate | D 23–7  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 21–8–1
House of Representatives | D 94–48–5–3  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 94–48–5–3
Washington | State Senate | D 31–18  | Lean D  | Lean D  | D 27–22
House of Representatives | D 62–36  | Lean D  | Lean D  | D 56–42
West Virginia | Senate | D 26–8  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 28–6
House of Delegates | D 71–29  | Safe D  | Safe D  | D 65–35
Wisconsin | Senate | D 18–15  | Tossup  | Lean R (flip) | R 19–14
State Assembly | D 52–46–1  | Lean R (flip) | Lean R (flip) | R 60–38–1
Wyoming | Senate | R 23–7  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 26–4
House of Representatives | R 41–19  | Safe R  | Safe R  | R 50–10

## National results

[edit]

Lower house results by party[14] | Party  | Seats
before[e] | Chambers
before  | Seats
after  | +/-  | Chambers
after  | +/-

|
|
|
|
|
|

| Republican | 2360  | 16  | 2907  |  547  | 29  |  13
| Democratic | 3030  | 33  | 2485  |  545  | 19  |  14
| Independent | 14  | 0  | 13  |  1  | 0  |
| Progressive | 5  | 0  | 5  |  | 0  |
| Independence | 1  | 0  | 1  |  | 0  |
| Working Families | 1  | 0  | 0  |  1  | 0  |
Total | 5411 | 49 | 5411 | —  | 49 | —
Upper house results by party[f][14] | Party  | Seats
before[g] | Chambers
before  | Seats
after  | +/-  | Chambers
after  | +/-

|
|
|
|
|
|

| Republican | 925  | 21  | 1055  |  130  | 28  |  7
| Democratic | 1043  | 28  | 911  |  132  | 21  |  7
| Independent | 3  | 0  | 4  |  1  | 0  |
| Progressive | 0  | 0  | 1  |  1  | 0  |
Total | 1971 | 50 | 1971 | —  | 50 | —

Republicans made substantial gains in state legislatures across the nation. Twenty chambers flipped from Democratic to Republican control, giving Republicans full control of eleven state legislatures and control of one chamber in Colorado, Iowa, and New York.[15][16] Additionally, Republicans gained enough seats in the Oregon House of Representatives to produce a 30-30 party split, pushing Democrats into a power-sharing agreement that resulted in the election of two "co-speakers" (one from each party) to lead the chamber.[17] Republicans gained a net of 680 seats in state legislative races, breaking the previous record of 628 flipped seats set by Democrats in the post-Watergate elections of 1974.[18]

Six states saw both chambers switch from Democrat to Republican majorities: Alabama (where the Republicans won a majority and a trifecta for the first time since 1874), Maine (for the first time since 1975 and a trifecta for the first time since 1965), Minnesota (for the first time since 1915 in partisan elections and 1973 in non-partisan elections), New Hampshire, North Carolina (for the first time since 1896), and Wisconsin. In addition, by picking up the lower chambers in Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, Montana[h] and Pennsylvania, Republicans gained control of both chambers in an additional five states. Further, Republicans picked up one chamber from Democrats in Colorado, Iowa, and New York to split control in those states. They expanded majorities in both chambers in Texas, Florida, and Georgia.[19][20]

### Post-election party switching

[edit]

Total net change in legislative seats due to post-election party switching

+1 Rep seat

+2 Rep seats

+4–5 Rep seats

+9 Rep seats

Between the November general election and January 2011, 25 Democratic state legislators switched parties and became Republicans.[21] These legislators were primarily conservative, White Democrats from the South who felt that the views of the Republican party more closely aligned with their own.[22][23] This party switching gave Republicans control of the Louisiana House of Representatives, which did not hold regularly-scheduled elections in 2010, for the first time since Reconstruction prior to the start of the 2011 session.[24]

State  | Chamber  | District  | Legislator  | Old party  | New party  | Source

|
|
|
|
|
|

Alabama | House | 17  | Mike Millican | Democratic  | Republican  | [22]
35  | Steve Hurst | Democratic  | Republican
80  | Lesley Vance | Democratic  | Republican
89  | Alan Boothe | Democratic  | Republican
Georgia | Senate | 8 | Tim Golden | Democratic  | Republican  | [25]
House | 29  | Alan Powell | Democratic  | Republican  | [21]
115  | Doug McKillip | Democratic  | Republican
134  | Mike Cheokas | Democratic  | Republican
144  | Bubber Epps | Democratic  | Republican
148  | Bob Hanner | Democratic  | Republican
149  | Gerald Greene | Democratic  | Republican
174  | Ellis Black | Democratic  | Republican
175  | Amy Carter | Democratic  | Republican
Kansas | Senate | 6 | Chris Steineger | Democratic  | Republican  | [26]
Louisiana | Senate | 8 | John Alario | Democratic  | Republican  | [24]
30 | John Smith | Democratic  | Republican
House | 20  | Noble Ellington | Democratic  | Republican
46  | Fred Mills | Democratic  | Republican
95  | Walker Hines | Democratic  | Republican
Maine | House | 5  | Michael Willette | Democratic  | Republican  | [27]
Mississippi | Senate | 39  | Cindy Hyde-Smith | Democratic  | Republican  | [28]
House | 89  | Bobby Shows | Democratic  | Republican  | [29]
South Dakota | Senate | 17  | Eldon Nygarrd | Democratic  | Republican  | [30]
Texas | House | 21 | Allan Ritter | Democratic  | Republican  | [31]
40 | Aaron Peña | Democratic  | Republican

## Impact

[edit]

The massive Republican gains made in 2010 immensely strengthened their position on the national stage. This had both short-term effects, such as their ability to counter the policies of president Barack Obama, as well as long term consequences due to the impending redistricting cycle. In the short term, these elections heralded in a conservative shift in state legislatures across the country, especially in the states where Republicans gained complete control. This led to a tightening of policies surrounding abortion and illegal immigration, a loosening of tax policy, and the curtailing of the power of labor unions. Many of these states refused to accept the Medicaid expansion offered by the Affordable Care Act meant to close the Medicaid coverage gap.[32]

### Immigration

[edit]

For the past several years, immigration policy had become an increasingly-important issue in state legislatures.[33] In April 2010, the Arizona legislature passed Arizona SB 1070, which was considered at the time to be the strictest anti-illegal immigration bill in the country.[34] Following the 2010 elections, a number of states, some of which had just become Republican-controlled, passed measures in the same vein as the Arizona law. The most controversial among these was Alabama HB 56, which gave police wide discretion to detain those they suspected of being undocumented immigrants, banned undocumented immigrants from receiving any public benefits, including attending public universities, and required public schools to enquire about the immigration statuses of their students.[35][36] The immigration laws passed in both Alabama and Georgia received heavy criticism for their potentially devastating impacts on state agriculture, where many farmers relied on immigrant labor to harvest their crops.[37][38] Many of the strictest portions of these laws were later blocked by federal courts.[39]

The direct impact of the enforcement of these laws was often minimal, with many such as Arizona SB 1070 producing no arrests in its first few months on the books. The widest-reaching effects of these laws, however were social: changing attitudes of both immigrants and citizens. Some viewed the new laws as passed both in response to the backlash to the recent rise in illegal immigration as well as further fueling said backlash.[33] Opponents of these laws criticized them as "Juan Crow" laws which created a climate of fear in immigrant populations.[40] Alabama in particular saw a significant drop in public school attendance among Hispanic students despite HB 56 not barring the attendance of undocumented immigrants.[41] Many undocumented immigrants decided to leave the states that passed these laws, citing both the laws themselves and their cultural impacts.[33][42] One study from the University of Alabama estimated that the economic costs to the state in GDP of the loss of workers and taxpayers could reach as high as $11 billion annually.[42][43]

### Labor unions

[edit]

Three states where Republicans gained complete control of state government in 2010, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin, would establish right-to-work laws during the following decade.[44] States passed a number of other wide-ranging bills to weaken public-sector unions, most notoriously in Wisconsin with the passage of Act 10, which led to massive protests and recall elections in 2011.[45][46] Efforts to pass a similar bill in Ohio failed after a veto referendum overwhelmingly rejected it in 2011.[47]

Partisan control of congressional redistricting after the 2010 elections, with the number of U.S. House seats each state will receive.

Democratic control

Republican control

Split or bipartisan control

Independent redistricting commission

No redistricting necessary

### Redistricting

[edit]

See also: 2010 United States redistricting cycle

Republicans' massive state legislative gains timed perfectly with the release of the results of the 2010 census, giving the party unprecedented control over congressional and legislative district maps until after the 2020 elections.[48][49][50] Republicans, knowing this ahead of time, deliberately targeted vulnerable Democratic incumbents and Democratic-held legislative chambers in order to maximize their power in the upcoming redistricting cycle.[51] As a result, Republicans fully controlled the redistricting of 210 congressional districts across 18 states, minimizing Democratic control to a mere 44 congressional districts across 6 states.[52] The impact of this was most immediately felt during the 2012 elections, where Barack Obama won the presidential election and Democratic U.S. House candidates won a plurality of the nationwide popular vote, but Republicans maintained control of the chamber.[53]

## Legacy

[edit]

The 2010 midterms ushered in an era of Republican dominance of statewide politics fueled by a Democratic collapse in white, rural, and southern regions of the country.

Democrats lost significant ground in majority-White, rural areas across the former Confederacy in the 2010 and 2011 elections due to both electoral losses and party switching. Democrats lost more and more ground throughout the 2010s and gained have virtually none of it back since.

Republican hold (651)

Republican gain through election (127)

Representative switched to the Republican Party (32)

Democratic hold (502)

Democratic gain through election (9)

Independent hold (4)

Independent gain through election (1)

### Southern, rural Democratic fall

[edit]

Democrats had been slowly losing ground in the rural South for the past several decades leading up to the 2010 elections. Democrats lost nearly every southern legislative chamber up for election in 2010, with White, rural incumbents primarily falling victim. Republicans successfully tied the conservative Democrats in these seats to the more liberal national party, eroding their local support and tying them to policies unpopular in their districts. A number of incumbents who survived would later switch to the Republican party, with many doing so before or immediately after the election. This left most Southern Democratic caucuses primarily made up of African American and Hispanic legislators, often based in urban areas, with a nearly extinct White, rural caucus, and a weakened but slowly growing suburban caucus.[23] By 2014, Republicans controlled every governorship, U.S. Senate seat, and legislative chamber in the former Confederacy.[54]

The 2010 elections sparked a sharp decline in Democratic support in rural areas across the country, even outside the South. Throughout the decade, this led to a strengthening correlation between population density and political party support.[55] At the same time, increased political polarization made it more challenging for conservative Democrats to win in areas which voted for Republicans in presidential elections, culminating in Republicans flipping the Kentucky House of Representatives in 2016, the final Democratic-controlled legislative chamber in a deeply Republican state.[56]

### Midwest

[edit]

Bolstered by heavily gerrymandered legislative maps, the 2010s saw a sharply-conservative turn in Midwestern state policy. By the end of the decade, five Midwestern states had adopted right-to-work laws, with a sixth, Missouri, rejecting one in a 2018 veto referendum.[44][57] These policies remained in place even as Democrats made gains in statewide elections in these states, winning the governorships in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Pennsylvania in 2018. Democrats won the aggregate popular vote in the lower house elections in all three of these states, but they did not win control of any of them due to gerrymandering.[58] Democrats would only begin to be able to reverse these policies after the implementation of new legislative maps in the 2020s.[59] In other states, such as Ohio, Democrats have been unable to regain power in any meaningful form since their 2010 losses.[60]

### Donald Trump

[edit]

The Tea Party movement's success in the 2010 election predicated the rise of Donald Trump as the dominant force in the Republican Party. Tea Party candidates ran on anti-establishment credentials, favoring low taxes, minimal government intervention, and fierce social conservatism. These became defining features of Trump's 2016 presidential campaign, the rise of the Make American Great Again movement, and Trumpism.[61][62] Many of the regions outside the South where Republicans made the largest gains in 2010 swung sharply towards Donald Trump in the 2016 election despite having voted for Barack Obama again in the 2012 election.[63][64]

## Maps

[edit]

* Partisan control of state governments following the 2010 elections

Democrats gained control

Democrats retained control

Split government formed

Split government maintained

Republicans gained control

Republicans retained control

* Upper house seats by party holding majority in each state

Republican

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

| Democratic

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

90–100%

| Tie

50%

|
|

* Lower house seats by party holding majority in each state

Republican

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

| Democratic

50–60%

60–70%

80–90%

| Tie

50%

|
|

* Net changes to upper house seats after the 2010 elections
+1 Rep seat +2 Rep seats +3–5 Rep seats +6–16 Rep seats
+1 Dem seat +2 Dem seats
+1 Prog seat

* Net changes to lower house seats after the 2010 elections
+2 Rep seats +3–5 Rep seats +6–122 Rep seats
+2 Dem seats

## State summaries

[edit]

### Alabama

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Alabama Senate election and 2010 Alabama House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Alabama Legislature were up for election. Republicans flipped control of both state legislative chambers, winning them for the first time since 1874.[65] After the election, an additional four Democratic state representatives switched parties, giving Republicans a supermajority in the chamber.[22]

Alabama Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 14  | 22  |  8
| Independent | 1  | 1  |
| Democratic | 20  | 12  |  8
Total | 35 | 35 |
Alabama House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 45  | 62  |  17
| Democratic | 60  | 43  |  17
Total | 105 | 105 |

### Alaska

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Alaska Senate election and 2010 Alaska House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives and half of the Alaska Senate were up for election. The Democratic-led coalition maintained control of the Senate while Republicans maintained control of the House.

Alaska Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 10  | 10  |
| Republican | 6  | 5  |
4  | 5
Total | 20 | 20 |
Alaska House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 22  | 24  |  2
| Democratic | 18  | 4  |  2

Total | 40 | 40 |

### Arizona

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Arizona Senate election and 2010 Arizona House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Arizona Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Arizona Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 18  | 21  |  3
| Democratic | 12  | 9  |  3
Total | 30 | 30 |
Arizona House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 35  | 40  |  5
| Democratic | 25  | 20  |  5
Total | 60 | 60 |

### Arkansas

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Arkansas State Senate election and 2010 Arkansas House of Representatives election

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Arkansas House of Representatives and half of the Arkansas Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers but with substantially reduced majorities.

Arkansas Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 27  | 20  |  7
| Republican | 8  | 15  |  7
Total | 35 | 35 |
Arkansas House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 72  | 55  |  17
| Republican | 28  | 45  |  17
Total | 100 | 100 |

### California

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 California State Senate election and 2010 California State Assembly election

Senate results

State Assembly results

All of the seats of the California House of Representatives and half of the California Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

California State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 25  | 25  |
| Republican | 15  | 15  |
Total | 40 | 40 |
California State Assembly  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 50  | 52  |  2
| Republican | 29  | 28  |  1
| Independent | 1  | 0  |  1
Total | 80 | 80 |

### Colorado

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Colorado Senate election and 2010 Colorado House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Colorado House of Representatives and half of the Colorado Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House while Democrats maintained control of the Senate.

Colorado Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 21  | 20  |  1
| Republican | 14  | 15  |  1
Total | 35 | 35 |
Colorado House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 27  | 33  |  6
| Democratic | 38  | 32  |  6
Total | 65 | 65 |

### Connecticut

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Connecticut State Senate election and 2010 Connecticut House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Connecticut Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Connecticut State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 24  | 23  |  1
| Republican | 12  | 13  |  1
Total | 36 | 36 |
Connecticut House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 114  | 100  |  14
| Republican | 37  | 51  |  14
Total | 151 | 151 |

### Delaware

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Delaware Senate election and 2010 Delaware House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Delaware House of Representatives and half of the Delaware Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Delaware Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 15  | 14  |  1
| Republican | 6  | 7  |  1
Total | 21 | 21 |
Delaware House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 24  | 26  |  2
| Republican | 17  | 15  |  2
Total | 41 | 41 |

### Florida

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Florida Senate election and 2010 Florida House of Representatives election

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Florida House of Representatives and half of the Florida Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Florida Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 26  | 28  |  2
| Democratic | 14  | 12  |  2
Total | 40 | 40 |
Florida House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 76  | 81  |  5
| Democratic | 44  | 39  |  5
Total | 120 | 120 |

### Georgia

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Georgia State Senate election and 2010 Georgia House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Georgia Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers, slightly expanding their majorities in each. Immediately following the election, one Democratic senator and eight Democratic representatives switched parties and became Republicans, further bolstering their majorities.[21][25]

Georgia State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 34  | 35  |  1
| Democratic | 22  | 21  |  1
Total | 56 | 56 |
Georgia House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 105  | 108  |  3
| Democratic | 74  | 71  |  3
| Independent | 1  | 1  |
Total | 180 | 180 |

### Hawaii

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Hawaii Senate election and 2010 Hawaii House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Hawaii House of Representatives and half of the Hawaii Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Hawaii Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 23  | 24  |  1
| Republican | 2  | 1  |  1
Total | 25 | 25 |
Hawaii House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 45  | 43  |  2
| Republican | 6  | 8  |  2
Total | 51 | 51 |

### Idaho

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Idaho Senate election and 2010 Idaho House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Idaho Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Idaho Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 28  | 28  |
| Democratic | 7  | 7  |
Total | 35 | 35 |
Idaho House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 52  | 57  |  5
| Democratic | 18  | 13  |  5
Total | 70 | 70 |

### Illinois

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Illinois Senate election and 2010 Illinois House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Illinois House of Representatives and 1/3rd of the Illinois Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Illinois Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 37  | 35  |  2
| Republican | 22  | 24  |  2
Total | 59 | 59 |
Illinois House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 70  | 64  |  6
| Republican | 48  | 54  |  6
Total | 118 | 118 |

### Indiana

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Indiana State Senate election and 2010 Indiana House of Representatives election

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Indiana House of Representatives and half of the Indiana Senate were up for election. Republicans expanded their majority in the Senate and flipped control of the House of Representatives, winning their largest legislative gains in over 25 years.[19]

Indiana Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 33  | 37  |  4
| Democratic | 17  | 13  |  4
Total | 50 | 50 |
Indiana House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 48  | 60  |  12
| Democratic | 52  | 40  |  12
Total | 100 | 100 |

### Iowa

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Iowa Senate election and 2010 Iowa House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Iowa House of Representatives and half of the Iowa Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House of Representatives and Democrats maintained control of the Senate.

Iowa Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 32  | 26  |  6
| Republican | 18  | 24  |  6
Total | 50 | 50 |
Iowa House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 43  | 60  |  17
| Democratic | 57  | 40  |  17
Total | 100 | 100 |

### Kansas

[edit]

Main article: 2010 Kansas House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the Kansas House of Representatives. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Kansas House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 77  | 92  |  15
| Democratic | 48  | 33  |  15
Total | 125 | 125 |

### Kentucky

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Kentucky Senate election and 2010 Kentucky House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Kentucky House of Representatives and half of the Kentucky Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and Democrats maintained control of the House of Representatives.

Kentucky Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 20  | 22  |  2
| Independent | 1  | 1  |
| Democratic | 17  | 15  |  2
Total | 38 | 38 |
Kentucky House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 65  | 58  |  7
| Republican | 35  | 42  |  7
Total | 100 | 100 |

### Maine

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Maine State Senate election and 2010 Maine House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Maine Legislature were up for election. Republicans won control of both legislative chambers.

Maine Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 15  | 20  |  5
| Democratic | 20  | 14  |  6
| Independent | 0  | 1  |  1
Total | 35 | 35 |
Maine House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 55  | 77  |  22
| Democratic | 95  | 73  |  22
| Independent | 1  | 1  |
Total | 151 | 151 |

### Maryland

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Maryland Senate election and 2010 Maryland House of Delegates election

Senate results

House of Delegates results, simplifying multi-member districts

All of the seats of the Maryland Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Maryland Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 33  | 35  |  2
| Republican | 14  | 12  |  2
Total | 47 | 47 |
Maryland House of Delegates  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 104  | 98  |  6
| Republican | 37  | 43  |  6
Total | 141 | 141 |

### Massachusetts

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Massachusetts Senate election and 2010 Massachusetts House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Massachusetts Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Massachusetts Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 35  | 36  |  1
| Republican | 5  | 4  |  1
Total | 40 | 40 |
Massachusetts House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 144  | 130  |  14
| Republican | 15  | 30  |  15
| Independent | 1  | 0  |  1
Total | 160 | 160 |

### Michigan

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Michigan Senate election and 2010 Michigan House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Michigan Legislature were up for election. Republicans made large gains in both chambers, flipping control of the House and expanding their majority in the Senate.[19]

Michigan Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 22  | 26  |  4
| Democratic | 16  | 12  |  4
Total | 38 | 38 |
Michigan House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 43  | 63  |  20
| Democratic | 67  | 47  |  20
Total | 110 | 110 |

### Minnesota

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Minnesota Senate election and 2010 Minnesota House of Representatives election

Senate results by vote share

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Minnesota Legislature were up. Republicans won control of both chambers.

Minnesota Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 21  | 37  |  16
| Democratic (DFL) | 46  | 30  |  16
Total | 67 | 67 |
Minnesota House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 47  | 72  |  25
| Democratic (DFL) | 87  | 62  |  25
Total | 134 | 134 |

### Missouri

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Missouri Senate election and 2010 Missouri House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Missouri House of Representatives and half of the Missouri Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Missouri Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 23  | 26  |  3
| Democratic | 11  | 8  |  3
Total | 34 | 34 |
Missouri House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 89  | 106  |  17
| Democratic | 74  | 57  |  17
Total | 163 | 163 |

### Montana

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Montana Senate election and 2010 Montana House of Representatives election

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Montana House of Representatives and half of the Montana Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House and maintained control of the Senate.

Montana Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 27  | 28  |  1
| Democratic | 23  | 22  |  1
Total | 50 | 50 |
Montana House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 50  | 68  |  18
| Democratic | 50[i] | 32  |  18
Total | 100 | 100 |

### Nebraska

[edit]

Main article: 2010 Nebraska State Legislature election

Legislative results

Nebraska is the only U.S. state with a unicameral legislature; half of the seats of the Nebraska Legislature were up for election. Nebraska is also unique in that its legislature is officially non-partisan and holds non-partisan elections, although the Democratic and Republican parties each endorse legislative candidates. Republicans maintained control, gaining one seat through election, as well as an additional seat with the appointment of Dave Bloomfield to replace Democrat Robert Giese, who resigned.

Nebraska Legislature  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 30  | 31  |  1
| Democratic | 19  | 18  |  1
Total | 49 | 49 |

### Nevada

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Nevada State Senate election and 2010 Nevada Assembly election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Nevada House of Representatives and half of the Nevada Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Nevada Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 12  | 11  |  1
| Republican | 9  | 10  |  1
Total | 21 | 21 |
Nevada Assembly  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 28  | 26  |  2
| Republican | 14  | 16  |  2
Total | 42 | 42 |

### New Hampshire

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 New Hampshire Senate election and 2010 New Hampshire House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the New Hampshire House of Representatives and the New Hampshire Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of both legislative chambers.

New Hampshire Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 10  | 19  |  9
| Democratic | 14  | 5  |  9
Total | 24 | 24 |
New Hampshire House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 176  | 298  |  122
| Democratic | 224  | 102  |  122
Total | 400 | 400 |

### New Mexico

[edit]

Main article: 2010 New Mexico House of Representatives election

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the New Mexico House of Representatives. Democrats maintained control of the chamber.

New Mexico House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 45  | 36  |  9
| Republican | 25  | 34  |  9
Total | 70 | 70 |

### New York

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 New York State Senate election and 2010 New York State Assembly election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the New York Legislature were up for election. Republicans won control of the Senate, and Democrats maintained control of the Assembly.

New York State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 30  | 32  |  2
| Democratic | 32  | 30  |  2
Total | 62 | 62 |
New York State Assembly  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 107  | 99  |  8
| Republican | 41  | 50  |  9
| Independence | 1  | 1  |
| Working Families | 1  | 0  |  1
Total | 150 | 150 |

### North Carolina

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 North Carolina Senate election and 2010 North Carolina House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the North Carolina House of Representatives and half of the North Carolina Senate were up for election. Republicans made massive gains, flipping control of both state legislative chambers, winning them both simultaneously for the first time in over a century.[19]

North Carolina Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 20  | 31  |  11
| Democratic | 30  | 19  |  11
Total | 50 | 50 |
North Carolina House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 52  | 67  |  15
| Independent | 0  | 1  |  1
| Democratic | 68  | 52  |  16
Total | 120 | 120 |

### North Dakota

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 North Dakota Senate election and 2010 North Dakota House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the North Dakota House of Representatives and half of the North Dakota Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

North Dakota Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 26  | 35  |  9
| Democratic-NPL | 21  | 12  |  9
Total | 47 | 47 |
North Dakota House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 58  | 69  |  11
| Democratic-NPL | 36  | 25  |  11
Total | 94 | 94 |

### Ohio

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Ohio Senate election and 2010 Ohio House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Ohio House of Representatives and half of the Ohio Senate were up for election. Republicans won control of the House of Representatives and maintained control of the Senate.

Ohio Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 21  | 23  |  2
| Democratic | 12  | 10  |  2
Total | 33 | 33 |
Ohio House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 46  | 59  |  13
| Democratic | 53  | 40  |  13
Total | 99 | 99 |

### Oklahoma

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Oklahoma Senate election and 2010 Oklahoma House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Oklahoma House of Representatives and half of the Oklahoma Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Oklahoma Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 26  | 32  |  6
| Democratic | 22  | 16  |  6
Total | 48 | 48 |
Oklahoma House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 62  | 70  |  8
| Democratic | 39  | 31  |  8
Total | 101 | 101 |

### Oregon

[edit]

Main article: 2010 Oregon legislative election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Oregon House of Representatives and half of the Oregon Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of the Senate, and the House of Representatives became tied.

Oregon State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 18  | 16  |  2
| Republican | 12  | 14  |  2
Total | 30 | 30 |
Oregon House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 36  | 30  |  6
| Republican | 24  | 30  |  6
Total | 60 | 60 |

### Pennsylvania

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Pennsylvania Senate election and 2010 Pennsylvania House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and half of the Pennsylvania Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of the Senate and won control of the House of Representatives.

Pennsylvania State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 30  | 30  |
| Democratic | 20  | 20  |
Total | 50 | 50 |
Pennsylvania House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 99  | 112  |  13
| Democratic | 104  | 91  |  13
Total | 203 | 203 |

### Rhode Island

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Rhode Island Senate election and 2010 Rhode Island House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Rhode Island Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Rhode Island Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 33  | 29  |  4
| Republican | 4  | 8  |  4
| Independent | 1  | 1  |
Total | 38 | 38 |
Rhode Island House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 69  | 65  |  4
| Republican | 6  | 10  |  4
Total | 75 | 75 |

### South Carolina

[edit]

Main article: 2010 South Carolina House of Representatives election

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the South Carolina House of Representatives were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

South Carolina House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 73  | 76  |  3
| Democratic | 51  | 48  |  3
Total | 124 | 124 |

### South Dakota

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 South Dakota Senate election and 2010 South Dakota House of Representatives election

All of the seats of the South Dakota Legislature were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

South Dakota Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 21  | 29  |  8
| Democratic | 14  | 6  |  8
Total | 35 | 35 |
South Dakota House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 46  | 50  |  4
| Democratic | 24  | 19  |  5
| Independent | 0  | 1  |  1
Total | 70 | 70 |

### Tennessee

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Tennessee Senate election and 2010 Tennessee House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Tennessee House of Representatives and half of the Tennessee Senate were up for election. After having narrowly won control of both chambers in the 2008 election, Republicans greatly expanded their majority in the House and picked up one seat in the Senate.[19]

Tennessee Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 19  | 20  |  1
| Democratic | 14  | 13  |  1
Total | 33 | 33 |
Tennessee House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 50  | 64  |  14
| Democratic | 48  | 34  |  14
| Independent Republican | 1  | 1  |
Total | 99 | 99 |

### Texas

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Texas Senate election and 2010 Texas House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Texas House of Representatives and half of the Texas Senate were up for election. After having nearly lost control of the Texas House in 2008, Republicans routed the Democrats, flipping 22 seats. Republicans erased all of the gains Democrats had made in 2006 and 2008, and they defeated almost every Democrat representing a rural, Republican-leaning district.[66]

Texas Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 19  | 19  |
| Democratic | 12  | 12  |
Total | 31 | 31 |
Texas House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 77  | 99  |  22
| Democratic | 73  | 51  |  22
Total | 150 | 150 |

### Utah

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Utah Senate election and 2010 Utah House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Utah House of Representatives and half of the Utah Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Utah State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 21  | 22  |  1
| Democratic | 8  | 7  |  1
Total | 29 | 29 |
Utah House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 53  | 58  |  5
| Democratic | 22  | 17  |  5
Total | 75 | 75 |

### Vermont

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Vermont Senate election and 2010 Vermont House of Representatives election

Senate results

All of the seats of the Vermont Legislature were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Vermont Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 23  | 21  |  2
| Republican | 7  | 8  |  1
| Progressive | 0  | 1  |  1
Total | 30 | 30 |
Vermont House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 94  | 94  |
| Republican | 48  | 48  |
| Progressive | 5  | 5  |
| Independent | 3  | 3  |
Total | 150 | 150 |

### Washington

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Washington State Senate election and 2010 Washington House of Representatives election

Senate results

House of Representatives results

All of the seats of the Washington House of Representatives and half of the Washington Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both legislative chambers.

Washington State Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 31  | 27  |  4
| Republican | 18  | 22  |  4
Total | 49 | 49 |
Washington House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 61  | 56  |  5
| Republican | 37  | 42  |  5
Total | 98 | 98 |

### West Virginia

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 West Virginia Senate election and 2010 West Virginia House of Delegates election

Senate results

All of the seats of the West Virginia House of Delegates and half of the West Virginia Senate were up for election. Democrats maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

West Virginia Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 26  | 28  |  2
| Republican | 8  | 6  |  2
Total | 34 | 34 |
West Virginia House of Delegates  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 71  | 65  |  6
| Republican | 29  | 35  |  6
Total | 100 | 100 |

### Wisconsin

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Wisconsin Senate election and 2010 Wisconsin State Assembly election

Senate results

State Assembly results

All of the seats of the Wisconsin Assembly and half of the Wisconsin Senate were up for election. Republicans flipped control of both state legislative chambers, as well as the governorship, winning complete control of state government for the first time since 1998.[19]

Wisconsin Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 15  | 19  |  4
| Democratic | 18  | 14  |  4
Total | 33 | 33 |
Wisconsin State Assembly  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 46  | 60  |  13
| Democratic | 51  | 38  |  12
| Independent | 2  | 1  |  1
Total | 99 | 99 |

### Wyoming

[edit]

Main articles: 2010 Wyoming Senate election and 2010 Wyoming House of Representatives election

Senate results by vote share

All of the seats of the Wyoming House of Representatives and half of the Wyoming Senate were up for election. Republicans maintained control of both state legislative chambers.

Wyoming Senate  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 23  | 26  |  3
| Democratic | 7  | 4  |  3
Total | 30 | 30 |
Wyoming House of Representatives  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Republican | 41  | 50  |  9
| Democratic | 19  | 10  |  9
Total | 60 | 60 |

## Territorial and federal district summaries

[edit]

### American Samoa

[edit]

All of the seats of the American Samoa Senate and the American Samoa House of Representatives were up for election. Members of the Senate serve four-year terms, while members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms. Gubernatorial and legislative elections are conducted on a nonpartisan basis in American Samoa.

### Guam

[edit]

Guam Legislature  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 9  | 9  |
| Republican | 6  | 6  |
Total | 15 | 15 |

### U.S. Virgin Islands

[edit]

Virgin Islands Legislature  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 10  | 10  |
| Independent | 5  | 5  |
Total | 15 | 15 |

### Washington, D.C.

[edit]

District of Columbia Council  Party  | Before  | After  | Change

|
|
|

| Democratic | 11  | 11  |
| Independent | 2  | 2  |
Total | 13 | 13 |

## Special elections

[edit]

There were 30 state legislative special elections held in 2010 across 10 states. No seats changed party control through these elections.[67]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ The Oregon House of Representatives was tied in the 2011-2013 session. This is not included in the total.
2. ^ a b The Alaska Senate was controlled by a coalition of Democrats and Republicans. The minority caucus consists of Republicans who were not part of the majority coalition.
3. ^ a b c d e f g h The upper houses of Arkansas, Delaware, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Texas use a 2-4-4 term length system.
4. ^ a b c These figures represent the seats of Nebraska's unicameral legislature.
5. ^ Counts seats that were vacant prior to the election towards the party that last held them
6. ^ Counts seats in the officially nonpartisan Nebraska legislature towards the party that endorsed each candidate
7. ^ Counts seats that were vacant prior to the election towards the party that last held them
8. ^ Prior to the 2010 election, the 100 seats in the Montana House of Representatives were evenly split between Democrats and Republicans, but the Democratic Party controlled the chamber by virtue of holding the governor's office.
9. ^ The Democratic Party controlled the chamber by virtue of holding the governor's office.

## References

[edit]

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11. ^ Jacobson, Louis (September 29, 2010). "2010 State Legislatures: Forecast Worsens for Democrats". Governing. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
12. ^ a b Jacobson, Louis (November 1, 2010). "Update: 2010 State Legislatures: A Challenging Environment for Democrats". Governing. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved July 14, 2024.
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23. ^ a b Martin, Jonathan (November 28, 2010). "Democratic South finally falls". POLITICO. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
24. ^ a b Barrow, Bill (December 17, 2010). "Louisiana Republicans take first House majority since Reconstruction with latest party switch". The Times-Picayune. Archived from the original on January 30, 2013. Retrieved May 11, 2018.
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26. ^ Carpenter, Tim (December 17, 2010). "Steineger bolts to Kansas GOP". The Topeka Capital-Journal. Retrieved March 11, 2025.
27. ^ Cousins, Christopher (November 12, 2010). "Legislator from The County switches to GOP". Bangor Daily News. Retrieved March 11, 2025.
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29. ^ McBride, Earnest. "Republicans playing race card 2011 Legislative session off to rocky start". Jackson Advocate. Archived from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved March 11, 2025.
30. ^ Mercer, Bob (October 1, 2011). "Do Democrats have good reason for complaints in redistricting?". The Watertown Public Opinion. Retrieved April 5, 2024. "Those retirements by Democratic senators Scott Heidepriem of Sioux Falls, Ben Nesselhuf of Vermillion, Julie Bartlett of Burke and Jim Peterson of Revillo produced a net loss of three seats for the Democrats. Worse, Nesselhuf's successor switched parties after the election; Sen. Eldon Nygaard of Vermillion now is a Republican."
31. ^ Ramsey, Ross (December 20, 2010). "A Tale of Two Switchers". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved March 11, 2025.
32. ^ Greenfield, Jeff (May 12, 2021). "We're still feeling the aftershocks of the 2010 midterm elections". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on June 15, 2021. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
33. ^ a b c Couch, Aaron (March 23, 2011). "State illegal immigration laws: What have they accomplished?". Christian Science Monitor. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
34. ^ Archibold, Randal C. (April 24, 2010). "U.S.'s Toughest Immigration Law Is Signed in Arizona". The New York Times. p. 1.
35. ^ Fausset, Richard (June 10, 2011). "Alabama enacts anti-illegal-immigration law described as nation's strictest". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 27, 2011.
36. ^ Gargis, Peggy (June 9, 2011). "Alabama gov. signs nation's toughest immigrant law". NBC News. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
37. ^ Pilkington, Ed (October 14, 2011). "Alabama immigration: crops rot as workers vanish to avoid crackdown". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
38. ^ Chappell, Bill (May 27, 2011). "Georgia Farmers Say Law Keeps Migrant Workers Away". NPR. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
39. ^ Winograd, Ben (August 21, 2012). "Alabama Ruling Yet Another Rebuke to State Immigration Laws". Immigration Impact. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
40. ^ Garcia, Uriel J. (November 24, 2011). "Opponents say Ala.'s 'Juan Crow' law causes fear, anxiety". TucsonSentinel.com. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
41. ^ "Alabama: Many Immigrants Pull Children From Schools". The New York Times. Associated Press. September 30, 2011. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
42. ^ a b Lee, M. J. (February 1, 2012). "Study: Alabama law costs $11B". POLITICO. Retrieved April 22, 2025.
43. ^ Addy, Samuel (January 31, 2012). "A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the New Alabama Immigration Law" (PDF). Center for Business and Economic Research. Retrieved June 28, 2019.
44. ^ a b Sherer, Jennifer; Gould, Elise (February 13, 2024). "Data show anti-union 'right-to-work' laws damage state economies: As Michigan's repeal takes effect, New Hampshire should continue to reject 'right-to-work' legislation". Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
45. ^ Condon, Stephanie (March 11, 2011). "Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker signs anti-union bill – but Democrats say they're the political victors". CBS News. Retrieved March 12, 2011.
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47. ^ "Ohio Voters Overwhelmingly Reject Issue Two - :: Cincinnati news story :: LOCAL 12 WKRC-TV in Cincinnati". www.local12.com. Archived from the original on November 11, 2011. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
48. ^ Memoli, Michael A. (November 3, 2010). "State legislative gains give Republicans unprecedented clout to remake districts - Los Angeles Times". Articles.latimes.com. Retrieved June 4, 2013.
49. ^ Cook, Charlie (August 4, 2014). "The Lessons of the 2010 Midterm Elections". Government Executive. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
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51. ^ Kolbert, Elizabeth (June 20, 2016). "The G.O.P. Plan That Turned America Red". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
52. ^ "National Overview". All About Redistricting. Retrieved December 6, 2024.
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54. ^ Rogers, Alex (December 7, 2014). "Landrieu's Loss a Harsh Milestone for Southern Democrats". TIME. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
55. ^ Montgomery, David (November 5, 2018). "How Density Shaped Congressional Politics Over the Last Decade". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
56. ^ Phillips, Amber (November 8, 2016). "Democrats are now basically extinct in the South". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 29, 2023. Retrieved February 3, 2025.
57. ^ "Unions notch win: Deep-red Missouri rejects right-to-work law - CNNPolitics". Archived from the original on August 10, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
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65. ^ "Republicans claim majority in Alabama House and Senate for 1st time in 136 years". al. November 3, 2010. Retrieved February 10, 2025.
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67. ^ "State legislative special elections, 2010". Ballotpedia. Retrieved March 11, 2025.

* v
* t
* e

(2009 <-)  2010 United States elections (-> 2011)

U.S.
Senate|

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
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* Florida
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* Ohio
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U.S.
House
(election
ratings)|

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* 29th sp
* North Carolina
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* Oregon
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* 12th sp
*   * Rhode Island
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* 5th
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Governors|

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* Lt. Gov
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* Lt. Gov
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Attorneys
general|

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State
legislatures|

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Local|

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* Executive
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* Executive
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* Executive
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* Executive
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* Executive

States|

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* U.S. Virgin Islands
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

* v
* t
* e

Legislatures of the United States

United States Congress|

* United States House of Representatives
* United States Senate

State legislatures|

* Alabama (H, S)
* Alaska (H, S)
* Arizona (H, S)
* Arkansas (H, S)
* California (A, S)
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* Connecticut (H, S)
* Delaware (H, S)
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* Oregon (H, S)
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* Rhode Island (H, S)
* South Carolina (H, S)
* South Dakota (H, S)
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* Texas (H, S)
* Utah (H, S)
* Vermont (H, S)
* Virginia (H, S)
* Washington (H, S)
* West Virginia (H, S)
* Wisconsin (A, S)
* Wyoming (H, S)

Other legislatures|

* District of Columbia
* American Samoa (H, S)
* Guam
* Northern Mariana Islands (H, S)
* Puerto Rico (H, S)
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Legislative elections|

* 2000
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* 2022
* 2023
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* 2025
* 2026

* List of U.S. state legislators
* Lists of past U.S. state legislatures

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[CA]: California
*[AL]: Alabama
*[FL]: Florida
*[HI]: Hawaii
*[KY]: Kentucky
*[LA]: Louisiana
*[NJ]: New Jersey
*[VA]: Virginia
*[RI]: Rhode Island
*[SD]: South Dakota
*[OH]: Ohio
*[MO]: Missouri
*[MI]: Michigan