2011 in paleoichthyology

Overview of the events of 2011 in paleoichthyology

List of years in paleoichthyology

* …
* 2008
* 2009
* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* …

In paleontology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In paleobotany
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In arthropod paleontology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In paleoentomology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In paleomalacology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In reptile paleontology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In archosaur paleontology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

In mammal paleontology
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014

* Art
* Archaeology
* Architecture
* Literature
* Music
* Philosophy
* Science +...

## Fishes

[edit]

### Newly named jawless vertebrates

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Althaspis tarloi[1]

sp.

Valid

* Voichyshyn

Early Devonian

Dniester Formation

* Ukraine

A heterostracan

Djurinaspis secunda[1]

sp.

Valid

* Voichyshyn

Early Devonian

Tyver Formation

* Ukraine

A heterostracan

Lechriaspis[2]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Elliott
* Petriello

Early Devonian

Water Canyon Formation

* USA

A heterostracan

Palanasaspis[1]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Voichyshyn

Early Devonian

Dniester Formation

* Ukraine

A heterostracan

Podolaspis danieli[1]

sp.

Valid

* Voichyshyn

Early Devonian

Dniester Formation

* Ukraine

A heterostracan

Poraspis thomasi[2]

Species

Valid

* Elliott
* Petriello

Early Devonian

Lost Burro Formation

* USA

A heterostracan

Semipodolaspis[1]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Voichyshyn

Early Devonian

Tyver Formation

* Ukraine

A heterostracan

Shuyu[3]

Gen. et comb.

Valid

* Gai
* Donoghue
* et al.[CAL 1]

Late Telychian/Early Wenlock

Maoshan Formation

* China

The basalmost known eugaleaspidiform galeaspid.

Zenaspis kasymyri[1]

sp.

Valid

* Voichyshyn

Early Devonian

Dniester Formation

* Ukraine

A osteostracan

### Newly named acanthodian

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Nerepisacanthus[4]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Burrow

?Telychian/Ludlow

Cunningham Creek Formation

* Canada

An acritolepid ischnacanthiform.

### Newly named placoderms

[edit]

Name  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Arabosteus[5]

Valid

* Olive et al.

Early Devonian

Jauf Formation

Saudi Arabia

A member of Acanthothoraci. The type species is Arabosteus variabilis.

Draconichthys elegans[6]

Valid

* Rücklin

Frasnian

Anti-Atlas Mountains

Morocco

A piscivorous selenosteid arthrodire

### Newly named cartilaginous fishes

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Cederstroemia ziaensis[7]

Species

Valid

* Bourdon et al.

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

Point Lookout Sandstone

* United States

A carpet shark, a species of Cederstroemia.

Dwardius sudindicus[8]

Species

Valid

* Underwood
* Goswami
* et al.[CAL 2]

Early Cenomanian

Karai Formation

* India

An otodontid.

Eorhinoptera[9]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Case, Cook & Wilson

Early Eocene (Ypresian)

Fishburne Formation

* United States

A stingray related to the genus Rhinoptera. The type species is Eorhinoptera grabdai.

Ertychius[10]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Ginter, Hairapetian & Grigoryan

Devonian (early Famennian)

|  |

* Armenia

A ctenacanthiform. The type species is Ertychius intermedius.

Fayolia sharovi[11]

Species

Valid

* Fischer
* Voigt
* et al.[CAL 3]

Middle/Late Triassic

Madygen Formation

* Kyrgyzstan

Egg capsules of a probable xenacanthid.

Gladioserratus[8]

Gen. et comb. et sp. nov

Valid

* Underwood
* Goswami
* et al.

Cretaceous (Hauterivian) to Paleocene (Danian) or possibly even early Eocene[12]

|  |

* Australia
* Denmark[12]
* France
* India
* United Kingdom

A cow shark, a new genus for "Notidanus" aptiensis (Pictet, 1865). Genus also contains a new species Gladioserratus magnus; it might also contain Eocene species "Notorynchus" serratissimus Agassiz (1843).[12]

Karksiodus[13]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Ivanov, Märss & Kleesment

Devonian (Givetian)

|  |

* Estonia

A member of Elasmobranchii of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Karksiodus mirus.

Kawichthys[14]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Pradel
* Tafforeau
* et al.[CAL 4]

Late Virgilian

Douglas Group

* USA

A symmoriiform.

Lissodus lusavorichi[10]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Ginter, Hairapetian & Grigoryan

Devonian (late Famennian)

|  |

* Armenia
* Iran

A lonchidiid hybodontiform, a species of Lissodus.

Lonchidion ferganensis[11]

Species

Valid

* Fischer
* Voigt
* et al.

Middle/Late Triassic

Madygen Formation

* Kyrgyzstan

A hybodontid shark.

Moerigaleus[15]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Underwood & Ward

Late Eocene

|  |

* Egypt

A hemigaleid. The type species is Moerigaleus vitreodon.

Palaeoxyris alterna[11]

Species

Valid

* Fischer
* Voigt
* et al.

Middle/Late Triassic

Madygen Formation

* Kyrgyzstan

A hybodontid shark.

Ptychodus atcoensis[16]

Species

Valid

* Hamm
* Cicimurri

Late Cretaceous (early Coniacian)

Atco Formation

* United States

A species of Ptychodus.

Pueblocarcharias[7]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Bourdon et al.

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

Point Lookout Sandstone

* United States

A sand shark. The type species is Pueblocarcharias kawaikensis.

Reginaselache[17]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Turner
* Burrow

Middle Viséan

Ducabrook Formation

* Australia

A xenacanthiform.

Scapanorhynchus puercoensis[7]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Bourdon et al.

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

Point Lookout Sandstone

* United States

A mitsukurinid, a species of Scapanorhynchus.

Scindocorax[7]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Bourdon et al.

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

Point Lookout Sandstone

* United States

An anacoracid. The type species is Scindocorax novimexicanus.

Tassiliodus[18]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Derycke
* Goujet

Emsian, Devonian

|  |

* Algeria

A euselachian.

Texatrygon stouti[7]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Bourdon et al.

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

Point Lookout Sandstone

* United States

A relative of Ptychotrygon and sclerorhynchids, a species of Texatrygon.

### Newly named bony fishes

[edit]

Name  | Novelty  | Status  | Authors  | Age  | Unit  | Location  | Notes  | Images

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Apogon dominans[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Brzobohatý
* Nolf

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Spain

A cardinalfish, a species of Apogon.

"genus aff. Apogon" viaboadai[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Brzobohatý
* Nolf

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Spain

A cardinalfish related to members of the genus Apogon.

Apricenaichthys[20]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Taverne

Late Cretaceous (Santonian)

|  |

* Italy

A beardfish. The type species is Apricenaichthys italicus.

Araripichthys weberi[21]

Species

Valid

* Alvarado-Ortega
* Brito

Albian

Tlayúa Formation

* Mexico

An elopocephalan, a species of Araripichthys.

Arius subtilis[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian)[23] and Paleocene (Danian[23] and Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine
* United States[23]

An ariid catfish, a species of Arius.

Astroscopus countermani[24]

Species

Valid

* Carnevale, Godfrey & Pietsch

Miocene (Tortonian)

St. Marys Formation

* United States

A stargazer, a species of Astroscopus.

Aulorhamphus chiarasorbiniae[25]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Tyler & Bannikov

Eocene

Monte Bolca locality

* Italy

An aulorhamphid gasterosteiform, a species of Aulorhamphus.

Beishanichthys[26]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Xu
* Gao

Early Triassic

|  |

* China

A scanilepiform.

Belonostomus lamarquensis[27]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Bogan
* Taverne
* Agnolin

Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian)

Allen Formation

* Argentina

An aspidorhynchiform.

Bourbonnella jocelynae[28]

Species

Valid

* Mickle

Carboniferous

Manning Canyon Shale Formation

* USA

An aeduellid.

"genus Bythitidarum" rozenbergi[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A viviparous brotula of uncertain generic assignment.

Caucasichthys[29]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Bannikov
* Carnevale
* Parin

Bartonian

|  |

* Russia

A perciform.

Centroberyx anguinicauda[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A member of Berycidae, a species of Centroberyx.

Chaetodipterus steurbauti[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Brzobohatý
* Nolf

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Spain

A spadefish, a species of Chaetodipterus.

Chlorophthalmus udovichenkoi[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A greeneye, a species of Chlorophthalmus.

Dapedium stollorum[30]

Species

Valid

* Thies
* Hauff

Early Toarcian

|  |

* Germany

A species of Dapedium.

"genus Epigonidarum" tyassminensis[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A deepwater cardinalfish of uncertain generic assignment.

Fierasferoides bucculentus[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A pearlfish, a species of Fierasferoides.

Gadophycis serratus[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A cusk-eel, a species of Gadophycis.

Guntherichthys[28]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Mickle

Carboniferous

Manning Canyon Shale Formation

* USA

A ’palaeoniscoid’.

Gwawinapterus

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Arbour
* Currie

Campanian

Northumberland Formation

* Canada

Initially thought to be an istiodactylid pterosaur,[31] but subsequently reinterpreted as an indeterminate saurodontid fish.[32]

Habroichthys broughi[33]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Lin et al.

Middle Triassic (Anisian)

Guanling Formation

* China

A member of Peltopleuriformes belonging to the family Habroichthyidae.

"genus Haemulidarum" makarenkoi[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A grunt of uncertain generic assignment.

Heteroconger astroblematicus[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A member of Congridae, a species of Heteroconger.

"genus Holocentridarum" ryabchuni[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A member of Holocentridae of uncertain generic assignment.

Huashancyprinus[34]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Chen
* Chang

Oligocene

Ningming Formation

* China

A member of Cyprinidae. The type species is H. robustispinus.

Laccognathus embryi[35]

Species

Valid

* Downs
* Daeschler
* et al.[CAL 5]

Frasnian

Fram Formation

* Canada

A porolepiform sarcopterygian.

Lecceclupea[36]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Taverne

Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary)

|  |

* Italy

A member of Clupeidae belonging to the subfamily Pellonulinae and the tribe Ehiravini. The type species is Lecceclupea ehiravaensis.

"genus Leiognathidarum" tashlikensis[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A ponyfish of uncertain generic assignment.

Lepidotes pankowskii[37]

Species

Valid

* Forey
* López-Arbarello
* MacLeod

Cenomanian

Kem Kem Group

* Morocco

Originally described as a species of Lepidotes; subsequently made the type species of a separate genus Adrianaichthys.[38]

Leufuichthys[39]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Gallo
* Calvo
* Kellner

Turonian/Coniacian

Portezuelo Formation

* Argentina

A clupeomorph.

Maorigadus ukrainicus[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A member of Gadiformes of uncertain phylogenetic placement, related to the family Muraenolepididae; a species of Maorigadus.

Mene iberica[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Brzobohatý
* Nolf

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Spain

A species of Mene.

"genus Merlucciidarum" antiquus[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A member of Merlucciidae of uncertain generic assignment.

Mimipiscis[40]

Nom. nov.

Valid

* Choo

Upper Devonian

Gogo Formation

* Australia

A new generic name for Mimia Gardiner & Bartram (1977). The type species is Mimipiscis toombsi (Gardiner & Bartram 1977).

Mimipiscis bartrami[40]

Species

Valid

* Choo

Upper Devonian

Gogo Formation

* Australia

A second species of Mimipiscis.

Neocybium parvidentatum[41]

Species

Valid

* Monsch
* Bannikov

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Kazakhstan

A Spanish mackerel, a species of Neocybium.

Ogilbia luzanensis[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Danian to Selandian)

|  |

* Denmark
* Greenland
* Ukraine

A viviparous brotula, a species of Ogilbia.

Onuxodon yebraensis[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Brzobohatý
* Nolf

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Spain

A pearlfish, a species of Onuxodon.

Pardachirus izarrae[19]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Brzobohatý
* Nolf

Eocene (Bartonian)

|  |

* Spain

A sole, a species of Pardachirus.

Pavarottia[42]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Bannikov & Zorzin

Eocene

Monte Bolca locality

* Italy

A member of Percoidei of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species is Pavarottia lonardonii.

Pesciarhamphus[43]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Tyler & Bannikov

Eocene (Ypresian or Lutetian)

Monte Bolca locality

* Italy

An aulorhamphid gasterosteiform. The type species is Pesciarhamphus carnevalei.

Pietschellus[44]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Bannikov
* Carnevale

Ypresian

Monte Bolca

* Italy

A percomorph.

Robertannia[45]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Bannikov

Eocene

Monte Bolca locality

* Italy

A member of Percoidei of uncertain phylogenetic placement, related to Hendrixella grandei. The type species is Robertannia sorbiniorum.

Scheenstia[46]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* López-Arbarello
* Sferco

Late Jurassic

|  |

* Germany

A semionotiform.

Sharfia[47]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Pietsch
* Carnevale

Eocene (late Ypresian)

Monte Bolca locality

* Italy

A goosefish. The type species is Sharfia mirabilis.

Sinosaurichthys[48]

Gen. et 3 sp.

Valid

* Wu
* Sun
* et al.[CAL 6]

Anisian

Guanling Formation

* China

A saurichthyid.

Sorbinichthys africanus[49]

Species

Valid

* Murray
* Wilson

Cenomanian or Turonian

Akrabou Formation

* Morocco

A species of Sorbinichthys.

"genus Sparidarum" spatiatus[22]

Sp. nov

Valid

* Schwarzhans
* Bratishko

Paleocene (Selandian)

|  |

* Ukraine

A member of Sparidae of uncertain generic assignment.

Spinofacia[28]

Gen. et sp.

Valid

* Mickle

Carboniferous

Manning Canyon Shale Formation

* USA

A ’palaeoniscoid’.

Steurbautichthys[50]

Gen. et comb. nov

Valid

* Taverne

Middle Jurassic (Aalenian to Bathonian)

Stanleyville Formation, Songa Limestones

* Democratic Republic of the Congo

A relative of Ankylophorus; a new genus for "Pholidophorus" aequatorialis de Saint-Seine & Casier (1962).

Tarkus[51]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

* Carnevale
* Pietsch

Eocene (late Ypresian)

Monte Bolca locality

* Italy

A member of Ogcocephalidae. The type species is Tarkus squirei.

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Gai, Donoghue, Zhu, Janvier, Stampanoni.
2. ^ Underwood, Goswami Prasad, Verma and Flynn
3. ^ Fischer, Voigt, Schneider, Buchwitz and Voigt
4. ^ Pradel, Tafforeau, Maisey, Janvier.
5. ^ Downs, Daeschler, Jenkins and Shubin.
6. ^ Wu, Sun, Xu, Hao, Jiang, Sun.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f Voichyshyn, V. (2011). "The Early Devonian armoured agnathans of Podolia, Ukraine". Palaeontologia Polonica. 66: 1–211\. doi:10.4202/pp.2011.66_001.
2. ^ a b David K. Elliott; Michael A. Petriello (2011). "New poraspids (Agnatha, Heterostraci) from the Early Devonian of the western United States". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (3): 518–530\. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.557113. S2CID 130564395.
3. ^ Zhikun Gai; Philip C. J. Donoghue; Min Zhu; Philippe Janvier & Marco Stampanoni (18 August 2011). "Fossil jawless fish from China foreshadows early jawed vertebrate anatomy". Nature. 476 (7360): 324–327\. Bibcode:2011Natur.476..324G. doi:10.1038/nature10276. PMID 21850106. S2CID 20526220. Electronic supplementary material
4. ^ Carole J. Burrow (2011). "A partial articulated acanthodian from the Silurian of New Brunswick, Canada". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 48 (9): 1329–1341\. Bibcode:2011CaJES..48.1329B. doi:10.1139/e11-023.
5. ^ Sébastien Olive; Daniel Goujet; Hervé Lelièvre; Dominique Janjou (2011). "A new Placoderm fish (Acanthothoraci) from the Early Devonian Jauf Formation (Saudi Arabia)". Geodiversitas. 33 (3): 393–409\. doi:10.5252/g2011n3a1. S2CID 131051350.
6. ^ RÜCKLIN, MARTIN (January 14, 2011). "First selenosteid placoderms from the eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco; osteology, phylogeny and palaeogeographical implications". Palaeontology. 56 (1): 25–62\. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.01026.x. S2CID 129280865.
7. ^ a b c d e Jim Bourdon; Keith Wright; Spencer G. Lucas; Justin A. Spielmann; Randy Pence (2011). "Selachians from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Hosta Tongue of the Point Lookout Sandstone, Central New Mexico". New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin. 52: 1–54.
8. ^ a b Charlie J. Underwood; Anjali Goswami; G. V. R. Prasad; Omkar Verma; John J. Flynn (2011). "Marine vertebrates from the 'middle' Cretaceous (early Cenomanian) of South India". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (3): 539–552\. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.574518. S2CID 129106454.
9. ^ Gerard R. Case; Todd D. Cook; Mark V.H. Wilson (2011). "A new genus and species of fossil myliobatoid ray from the Fishburne Formation (lower Eocene/Ypresian) of Berkeley County, South Carolina, USA". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 23 (2–3): 139–144\. doi:10.1080/08912963.2010.497607. S2CID 128464567.2–3&rft.pages=139-144&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080/08912963.2010.497607&rft_id=https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:128464567#id-name=S2CID&rft.au=Gerard+R.+Case&rft.au=Todd+D.+Cook&rft.au=Mark+V.H.+Wilson&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:2011+in+paleoichthyology" class="Z3988">
10. ^ a b Michał Ginter; Vachik Hairapetian; Araik Grigoryan (2011). "Chondrichthyan microfossils from the Famennian and Tournaisian of Armenia" (PDF). Acta Geologica Polonica. 61 (2): 153–173.
11. ^ a b c Jan Fischer; Sebastian Voigt; Jörg W. Schneider; Michael Buchwitz; Silke Voigt (2011). "A selachian freshwater fauna from the Triassic of Kyrgyzstan and its implication for Mesozoic shark nurseries". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 937–953\. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.601729. S2CID 85753690.
12. ^ a b c Jan S. Adolfssen; David J. Ward (2015). "Neoselachians from the Danian (Early Paleocene) of Denmark" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 60 (2): 313–338\. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0123. S2CID 128949365.
13. ^ Alexander Ivanov; Tiiu Märss; Anne Kleesment (2011). "A new elasmobranch Karksiodus mirus gen. et sp. nov. from the Burtnieki Regional Stage, Middle Devonian of Estonia". Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences. 60 (1): 22–30\. doi:10.3176/earth.2011.1.02.
14. ^ Alan Pradel; Paul Tafforeau; John G. Maisey; Philippe Janvier (2011). "A New Paleozoic Symmoriiformes (Chondrichthyes) from the Late Carboniferous of Kansas (USA) and Cladistic Analysis of Early Chondrichthyans". PLOS ONE. 6 (9): e24938. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...624938P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024938. PMC 3181253. PMID 21980367.
15. ^ Charlie J. Underwood; David J. Ward (2011). "New hemigaleid shark from the late Eocene of Wadi Al-Hitan, Egypt". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (3): 707–711\. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.563763. S2CID 86381101.
16. ^ Shawn A. Hamm; David J. Cicimurri (2011). "Early Coniacian (late Cretaceous) selachian fauna from the basal Atco Formation, Lower Austin Group, northcentral Texas". Paludicola. 8 (3): 107–127.
17. ^ Susan Turner; Carole J. Burrow (2011). "A Lower Carboniferous xenacanthiform shark from Australia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (2): 241–257\. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550359. S2CID 128696440.
18. ^ Claire Derycke; Daniel Goujet (2011). "Multicuspidate shark teeth associated with chondrichthyan and acanthodian scales from the Emsian (Devonian) of southern Algeria" (PDF). Geodiversitas. 33 (2): 209–226\. doi:10.5252/g2011n2a1. S2CID 129186200. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-08.
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