2016 New York Democratic presidential primary

* * *

| <- 2008 | April 19, 2016 | 2020 ->

|
|

|  |  |

|
|

Candidate  | Hillary Clinton | Bernie Sanders
Home state  | New York | Vermont
Delegate count  | 139 | 108
Popular vote  | 1,133,980[1] | 820,256
Percentage  | 57.54% | 41.62%

* * *

Results by county
Clinton: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%
Sanders: 50-60% 60-70% 70-80%

Elections in New York State

Federal government

|  Presidential elections

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|  New York gubernatorial elections

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|  Mayoral elections

Pre-consolidation:

* 1850
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* ...
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Post-consolidation:

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Pre-consolidation:

* 1808

Post-consolidation:

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Public Advocate elections

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Borough president elections

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* The Bronx
* Brooklyn
* Manhattan
* Queens
* Staten Island

Albany

|  Mayoral elections

* 2005
* 2009
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021

Buffalo

|  Mayoral elections

* 1881
* 1977
* 1981
* 1985
* 1989
* 1993
* 1997
* 2001
* 2005
* 2009
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021
* 2025

Rochester

|  Mayoral elections

* 1997
* 2001
* 2005
* 2009
* 2011 sp
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021

Syracuse

|  Mayoral elections

* 2009
* 2013
* 2017
* 2021
* 2025

* v
* t
* e

The 2016 New York Democratic presidential primary was held on April 19 in the U.S. state of New York as one of the Democratic Party's primaries ahead of the 2016 presidential election. Hillary Clinton, who had previously represented New York in the United States Senate from 2001 to 2009, won a comfortable majority in both the popular vote and delegate count over Bernie Sanders, who was born in Brooklyn.

The Republican Party also held their own New York primary on the same day. Apart from that, no other primaries were scheduled for that day by either party.

## Campaign

[edit]

The week before the primary, Sanders drew large crowds to campaign events in New York City: 28,000 heard Sanders speak in Brooklyn the weekend before the primary and 27,000 heard him speak in Manhattan the week before.[2] Clinton drew "appreciative crowds of respectable size" but did not approach the attendance of Sanders events.[2]

In early April, ahead of the primary, former President Bill Clinton visited western New York twice for campaign events, speaking at an event in Depew (attended by almost a thousand people) and addressing a room of activists and volunteers at Clinton's Buffalo campaign office.[3]

In total, the Sanders campaign spent about $2 million more than the Clinton campaign on television ads in New York.[4] In terms of campaign-expenditures per vote, Sanders' campaign spent about $9.03 per vote, while Clinton's campaign spent about $3.62 per vote.[5]

### April 2016 presidential debate

[edit]

A ninth debate was held on April 14, 2016, in Brooklyn, New York at the Duggal Greenhouse in Brooklyn Navy Yard. The debate was aired on CNN and NY1.[6] Wolf Blitzer of CNN served as moderator.[7]

## Election Day irregularities

[edit]

The New York Times reported the day after the primary:

> The Democratic vote was marred by major irregularities at polling places across Brooklyn. The city comptroller's office announced that the Board of Elections had confirmed that more than 200,000 Democratic voters in Brooklyn were dropped between November and this month, while about 63,000 were added – a net loss that was not explained. Mayor Bill de Blasio described 'the purging of entire buildings and blocks of voters,' while the comptroller, Scott Stringer, said his office would audit the Board of Elections.[4]

The Brooklyn voter purge disproportionately affected Hispanic voters, and mostly voters between the ages of 30 and 80, and happened at similar rates in election districts where Clinton won and where Sanders won.[8] Although 121,056 people voted with provisional ballots in New York City, the board threw out nearly 91,000 "either because their names were taken off the rolls or because their party affiliation had been dropped or switched to a different party without their knowing."[9]

In November 2016, several groups sued the New York City Board of Elections over the voter roll purge. Initial parties to the lawsuit included "Lawyers Committee for Civil Rights Under the Law, Latino Justice/PRLDEF and Dechert LLP on behalf of Common Cause New York and several individual plaintiffs. In early 2017, both the Justice Department and New York State Attorney General's office made motions to join the lawsuit."[10] In October 2017 WNYC reported that, pending court approval to the consent decree, that the New York State Board of Elections agreed to a settlement with parties to the lawsuit against them, admitting to illegally purging over 200,000 eligible voters from New York City voter rolls.

> As a part of the settlement, the Board agreed to a series of remedial measures that will be in place at least through the next presidential election, November 2020 – pending court approval. The deal restores the rights of improperly purged voters and establishes a comprehensive plan to prevent illegal voter purges in future elections.[10]

## Opinion polling

[edit]

See also: Statewide opinion polling for the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries

List of polls

| Poll source  | Date  | 1st  | 2nd  | Other

|
|
|
|

Primary results[11] | April 19, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
57.5% | Bernie Sanders
41.6%  | Void / Blank Votes
0.9%
Emerson College[12]

Margin of error: ± 4.6%
Sample size: 438

| April 15–17, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
55% | Bernie Sanders
40%  | Others / Undecided

CBS News/YouGov[13]

Margin of error: ± 4.4%
Sample size: 1,033

| April 13–15, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
53% | Bernie Sanders
43%  | Others / Undecided

NBC/WSJ/Marist[14]

Margin of error: ± 4.0%
Sample size: 591

| April 10–13, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
57% | Bernie Sanders
40%  | Others / Undecided

Quinnipiac[15]

Margin of error: ± 3.3%
Sample size: 860

| April 6–11, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
53% | Bernie Sanders
40%  | Others / Undecided

Gravis Marketing/
One America News[16]

Margin of error: ± 2.9%
Sample size: 1,134

| April 5–6, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
53% | Bernie Sanders
47%  |
Siena College[17]

Margin of error: ± 4.5%
Sample size: 538

| April 6–11, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
52% | Bernie Sanders
42%  | Others / Undecided

Monmouth[18]

Margin of error: ± 5.6%
Sample size: 302

| April 8–10, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
51% | Bernie Sanders
39%  | Others / Undecided
10%
PPP[19]

Margin of error: ± 3.8%
Sample size: 663

| April 7–10, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
51% | Bernie Sanders
40%  | Others / Undecided

NBC News/WSJ/Marist[20]

Margin of error: ± 4.2%
Sample size: 557

| April 6–10, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
55% | Bernie Sanders
41%  | Others / Undecided

NY1/Baruch[21]

Margin of error: ± 4.2%
Sample size: 632

| April 5–10, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
50% | Bernie Sanders
37%  | Others / Undecided
13%
Emerson College[22]

Margin of error: ± 5.4%
Sample size: 324

| April 6–7, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
56% | Bernie Sanders
38%  | Others / Undecided

FOX News[23]

Margin of error: ± 3.5%
Sample size: 801

| April 4–7, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
53% | Bernie Sanders
37%  | Others / Undecided
10%
CBS News/YouGov[24]

Margin of error: ± 3.4%
Sample size: 718

| March 29- April 1, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
53% | Bernie Sanders
43%  | Others / Undecided

Quinnipiac[25]

Margin of error: ± 3.7%
Sample size: 693

| March 22–29, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
54% | Bernie Sanders
42%  | Others / Undecided

Emerson College[26]

Margin of error: ± 5.0%
Sample size: 373

| March 14–16, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
71% | Bernie Sanders
23%  | Others / Undecided

Siena College[27]

Margin of error: ± 6.2%
Sample size: 368

| February 28–March 3, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
55% | Bernie Sanders
34%  | Others / Undecided
11%
Siena College[28]

Margin of error: ± 5.6%
Sample size: 434

| January 31 – February 3, 2016  | Hillary Clinton
55% | Bernie Sanders
34%  | Others / Undecided
11%

Polls in 2015

Poll source  | Date  | 1st  | 2nd  | 3rd  | Other

|
|
|
|
|

Siena College[29]

Margin of error: ± 5%
Sample size: 374

| September 14–17, 2015  | Hillary Clinton
45% | Joe Biden
24%  | Bernie Sanders
23%  | None of them 4%, Don't know/No opinion 3%
Quinnipiac University[30]

Margin of error: ± 4.4%
Sample size: 508

| May 28 – June 1, 2015  | Hillary Clinton
55% | Bernie Sanders
15%  | Joe Biden
9%  | Martin O'Malley 2%, Jim Webb 2%, Lincoln Chafee 1%, Someone else 2%, Wouldn't vote 2%, Undecided 13%
Siena College[31]

Margin of error: ± 6.3%
Sample size: ?

| April 19–23, 2015  | Hillary Clinton
69% |  |  | Someone else 22%
Quinnipiac University[32]

Margin of error: ± 4.3%
Sample size: 521

| March 11–16, 2015  | Hillary Clinton
51% | Elizabeth Warren
11%  | Joe Biden
8%  | Andrew Cuomo 7%, Bernie Sanders 5%, Martin O'Malley 1%, Jim Webb 1%, Other 0%, Wouldn't vote 3%, Undecided 12%

Polls in 2013

Poll source  | Date  | 1st  | 2nd  | 3rd  | Other

|
|
|
|
|

Marist College[33]

Margin of error: ± 5.7%
Sample size: 294

| November 18–20, 2013  | Hillary Clinton
64% | Andrew Cuomo
14%  | Joe Biden
8%  | Elizabeth Warren 6%, Martin O'Malley 3%, Undecided 5%

* v
* t
* e

## Results

[edit]

See also: Results of the 2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries

New York Democratic primary, April 19, 2016

Candidate  | Popular vote  | Estimated delegates
Count  | Percentage  | Pledged | Unpledged | Total
Hillary Clinton | 1,133,980  | 57.54%  | 139  | 41  | 180
Bernie Sanders | 820,056  | 41.62%  | 108  | 0  | 108
Void  | 11,306  | 0.57%  |  |  |
Blank votes  | 5,358  | 0.27%  |  |  |
Uncommitted  | —  | 0  | 3  | 3
Total  | 1,970,900  | 100%  | 247  | 44  | 291
Source: [34][35]

### Results by county

[edit]

County[36] | Clinton  | %  | Sanders  | %  | BVS  | Totals  | Turnout  | Margin

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Albany | 19,914 | 47.74% | 21,798 | 52.26%[37] | 354  | 42,066  | 47.47%  | -4.48%
Allegany | 847 | 40.62% | 1,209 | 57.99% | 29  | 2,085  | 35.53%  | -17.36%
Bronx | 105,719 | 68.76% | 46,189 | 30.04%  | 1,834  | 153,742  | 31.31%  | 38.72%
Broome | 7,641 | 43.11% | 9,951 | 56.15% | 131  | 17,723  | 43.40%  | -13.03%
Cattaraugus | 1,844 | 42.28% | 2,481 | 56.89% | 36  | 4,361  | 29.93%  | -14.61%
Cayuga | 2,592 | 47.65% | 2,805 | 51.56% | 43  | 5,440  | 36.89%  | -3.92%
Chautauqua | 3,865 | 46.09% | 4,431 | 52.84% | 90  | 8,386  | 32.68%  | -6.75%
Chemung | 2,740 | 49.43% | 2,752 | 49.65% | 51  | 5,543  | 35.91%  | -0.22%
Chenango | 1,062 | 39.23% | 1,613 | 59.59% | 32  | 2,707  | 37.60%  | -20.35%
Clinton | 1,774 | 26.76% | 4,797 | 72.35% | 59  | 6,630  | 39.37%  | -45.60%
Columbia | 3,039 | 45.14% | 3,660 | 54.37% | 33  | 6,732  | 51.64%  | -9.22%
Cortland | 1,515 | 41.90% | 2,037 | 56.33% | 64  | 3,616  | 42.80%  | -14.44%
Delaware | 1,172 | 38.96% | 1,813 | 60.27% | 23  | 3,008  | 41.70%  | -21.31%
Dutchess | 11,701 | 48.37% | 12,395 | 51.23% | 97  | 24,193  | 41.70%  | -2.87%
Erie | 54,279 | 50.40% | 52,473 | 48.72%  | 955  | 107,707  | 38.91%  | 1.68%
Essex | 838 | 27.90% | 2,145 | 71.40% | 21  | 3,004  | 47.40%  | -43.51%
Franklin | 1,076 | 29.74% | 2,512 | 69.43% | 30  | 3,618  | 37.59%  | -39.69%
Fulton | 1,010 | 40.16% | 1,475 | 58.65% | 30  | 2,515  | 32.80%  | -18.49%
Genesee | 1,393 | 45.66% | 1,622 | 53.16% | 36  | 3,051  | 33.66%  | -7.51%
Greene | 1,195 | 42.82% | 1,566 | 56.11% | 30  | 2,791  | 40.29%  | -13.29%
Hamilton | 141 | 35.97% | 245 | 62.50% | 6  | 392  | 44.70%  | -26.53%
Herkimer | 1,507 | 44.01% | 1,873 | 54.70% | 44  | 3,424  | 34.22%  | -10.69%
Jefferson | 2,579 | 48.80% | 2,656 | 50.26% | 50  | 5,285  | 34.96%  | -1.46%
Kings (Brooklyn) | 183,662 | 59.07% | 123,872 | 39.84%  | 3,372  | 310,906  | 36.42%  | 19.23%
Lewis | 492 | 40.53% | 703 | 57.91% | 19  | 1,214  | 28.88%  | -17.38%
Livingston | 1,685 | 39.86% | 2,516 | 59.52% | 26  | 4,227  | 42.23%  | -19.66%
Madison | 2,039 | 44.12% | 2,528 | 54.71% | 54  | 4,621  | 41.82%  | -10.58%
Monroe | 39,310 | 51.60% | 36,490 | 47.90%  | 380  | 76,180  | 43.85%  | 3.70%
Montgomery | 1,298 | 42.31% | 1,732 | 56.45% | 38  | 3,068  | 33.64%  | -14.15%
Nassau | 74,870 | 62.14% | 44,731 | 37.13%  | 884  | 120,485  | 32.59%  | 25.01%
New York (Manhattan) | 190,806 | 65.42% | 98,194 | 33.67%  | 2,656  | 291,656  | 47.20%  | 31.75%
Niagara | 8,202 | 46.48% | 9,294 | 52.67% | 149  | 17,645  | 34.09%  | -6.19%
Oneida | 6,586 | 45.21% | 7,739 | 53.12% | 243  | 14,568  | 33.81%  | -7.91%
Onondaga | 21,786 | 52.90% | 19,186 | 46.59%  | 212  | 41,184  | 41.40%  | 6.31%
Ontario | 4,040 | 47.31% | 4,445 | 52.05% | 55  | 8,540  | 43.88%  | -4.74%
Orange | 12,855 | 51.14% | 12,077 | 48.04%  | 206  | 25,138  | 33.12%  | 3.09%
Orleans | 725 | 43.36% | 923 | 55.20% | 24  | 1,672  | 31.43%  | -11.84%
Oswego | 2,631 | 43.98% | 3,273 | 54.71% | 78  | 5,982  | 35.11%  | -10.73%
Otsego | 1,995 | 40.72% | 2,868 | 58.54% | 36  | 4,899  | 47.17%  | -17.82%
Putnam | 3,718 | 49.00% | 3,832 | 50.50% | 38  | 7,588  | 42.73%  | -1.50%
Queens | 133,210 | 61.32% | 81,782 | 37.64%  | 2,272  | 217,244  | 32.15%  | 23.68%
Rensselaer | 5,068 | 41.76% | 7,003 | 57.70% | 66  | 12,137  | 43.14%  | -15.94%
Richmond (Staten Island) | 17,612 | 52.40% | 15,471 | 46.03%  | 530  | 33,613  | 28.17%  | 6.37%
Rockland | 17,868 | 59.78% | 11,790 | 39.44%  | 233  | 29,891  | 35.11%  | 20.33%
St. Lawrence | 3,142 | 44.04% | 4,425 | 57.87% | 53  | 7,646  | 35.72%  | −16.78%
Saratoga | 7,672 | 44.04% | 9,694 | 55.65% | 104  | 17,419  | 45.81%  | −11.61%
Schenectady | 6,526 | 47.05% | 7,241 | 52.20% | 15  | 13,871  | 40.12%  | −5.15%
Schoharie | 706 | 36.45% | 1,216 | 62.78% | 8  | 1,937  | 40.93%  | −26.33%
Schuyler | 548 | 38.27% | 876 | 61.17% | 12  | 1,432  | 44.27%  | −22.91%
Seneca | 1,125 | 47.19% | 1,247 | 52.31% | 79  | 2,384  | 40.18%  | −5.12%
Steuben | 2,149 | 41.86% | 2,926 | 56.99% | 59  | 5,134  | 36.61%  | −15.13%
Suffolk | 53,420 | 54.80% | 44,033 | 45.14%  | 25  | 97,478  | 32.07%  | 9.63%
Sullivan | 2,369 | 44.12% | 2,958 | 55.09% | 42  | 5,369  | 31.84%  | −10.97%
Tioga | 1,318 | 40.12% | 1,936 | 58.93% | 31  | 3,285  | 41.14%  | -18.81%
Tompkins | 6,138 | 37.60% | 10,130 | 62.06% | 56  | 16,324  | 63.40%  | -24.45%
Ulster | 7,642 | 37.90% | 12,435 | 61.68% | 84  | 20,161  | 50.70%  | -23.77%
Warren | 1,868 | 39.21% | 2,871 | 60.26% | 25  | 4,764  | 46.75%  | -21.05%
Washington | 1,292 | 36.08% | 2,274 | 63.50% | 15  | 3,581  | 41.49%  | -27.42%
Wayne | 1,988 | 44.56% | 2,436 | 54.61% | 37  | 4,461  | 34.17%  | -10.04%
Westchester | 74,900 | 66.87% | 36,753 | 32.81%  | 354  | 112,007  | 42.45%  | 34.06%
Wyoming | 639 | 39.89% | 958 | 59.80% | 5  | 1,602  | 30.12%  | -19.91%
Yates | 637 | 46.46% | 720 | 52.52% | 14  | 1,371  | 42.98%  | -6.05%
Total | 1,133,980 | 57.54% | 820,256 | 41.62%  | 16,667  | 1,970,703  | 37.41%  | 15.93%

Note: New York State is a closed primary state, meaning the turnout is based on active enrolled democrats by county on April 1, 2016. Blank, void, and scattering votes (BVS) are only for blank and void, since there was not other candidate on the ballot or the ability to write-in.

#### New York City results

[edit]

2016 Democratic primary | Manhattan | The Bronx | Brooklyn | Queens | Staten Island | Total

|
|
|
|
|
|

Hillary Clinton | 190,806 | 105,719 | 183,662 | 133,210 | 17,612 | 631,009
64.42% | 68.76% | 59.07% | 61.32% | 52.40%  | 62.65%
Bernie Sanders | 98,194 | 46,189 | 123,872 | 81,762 | 15,471 | 365,488
33.67% | 30.04% | 39.84% | 37.64% | 46.03%  | 36.29%
Blank, Void | 2,656 | 1,834 | 3,372 | 2,272 | 530 | 10,664
1.91% | 1.2% | 1.09% | 1.04% | 1.57%  | 1.06%
TOTAL | 291,656 | 153,742 | 310,906 | 217,244 | 33,613 | 1,007,161
TURNOUT  | 47.20%  | 31.31%  | 36.42%  | 32.15%  | 28.17%  | 36.52%

## Analysis

[edit]

Clinton won a 16-point victory in her home state. Exit polls showed that Sanders won among voters age 18–29 in the Empire State, capturing 65% of this demographic, while Clinton won every other age group, performing better with older groups (53% of voters ages 30–44, 63% of voters aged 45–54, and 73% of voters aged 65 and over).[38] Clinton tied men with Sanders 50-50, but won a 63–37 landslide among women (both married and unmarried). The candidates split the white vote 50–50, but Clinton won the African American vote 75–25 and the Hispanic/Latino vote 64–36. Clinton swept all income levels/socioeconomic statuses and educational attainment levels in her home state.

In terms of political ideology, Clinton won 62–38 among Democrats while Sanders won 72–28 among Independents, who were 14% of the electorate. Clinton won both liberals and moderate/conservative voters. She won among union households 58–42, and won both married and unmarried voters. In terms of religious affiliation, Clinton won Protestants 65–35, Catholics 62–38, and also won the Jewish vote by a 2 to 1 margin after Sanders caused controversy by criticizing Israel.[39] Sanders won agnostic/atheist voters 57–43. While Clinton won voters who said Wall Street does more to help the economy, Sanders won among those who said it hurts the economy.[40]

Clinton performed very well on Long Island and in the five boroughs of New York City, particularly in Manhattan, Queens and the Bronx; she also won handily in Brooklyn and Staten Island.[4] Clinton ran up big margins in New York City neighborhoods like Harlem, where the percentage of African American voters was highest. Sanders did better in rural, whiter upstate New York counties, with Clinton winning Buffalo, Syracuse, and Rochester while Sanders won in Albany.[38][4] Sanders also performed well in the Hudson Valley, with a high concentration of liberals and college students.[4]

## Aftermath

[edit]

After winning her home state convincingly, Clinton told supporters, "New Yorkers, you've always had my back and I've always tried to have yours [...] Today together we did it again and I am deeply, deeply grateful."[41]

Following his primary, a Manhattan attorney filed suit, seeking a temporary restraining order to block certification of the presidential primary election by New York City Board of Elections and the state elections board based on his argument that New York's closed primary system violated the state Constitution. This argument was rejected by the New York Supreme Court (the state trial court).[42]

## See also

[edit]

* 2016 New York Republican presidential primary

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "New York State Board of Elections" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 30, 2016. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
2. ^ a b Peter Nicholas, Five Reasons the New York Democratic Primary Felt Competitive, Wall Street Journal (April 20, 2016).
3. ^ Bill Clinton Rallies Hillary Backers in Final N.Y. Primary Push, Roll Call (April 18, 2016).
4. ^ a b c d e Patrick Healy & Maggie Haberman, Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton Win Easily in New York Primary, New York Times (April 19, 2016).
5. ^ Michael Beckel, Sanders spent $9 per vote in New York. Trump? About 13 cents., Center for Public Integrity (April 20, 2016).
6. ^ Stelter, Brian (April 4, 2016). "Clinton, Sanders to meet for Brooklyn debate". CNN. Retrieved April 5, 2016.
7. ^ Brian Stelter, Host (April 4, 2016). "Clinton, Sanders to meet for Brooklyn debate". CNN.
8. ^ John Keefe, Jenny Ye and Brigid Bergin (June 22, 2016). "The Brooklyn Voter Purge: By Age, Registration and Sanders Districts". WNYC News. Retrieved June 2, 2019.
9. ^ "Elections chief defends botched N.Y. primary election; Challenges loom | The Villager Newspaper". October 16, 2014. Archived from the original on May 13, 2016. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
10. ^ a b City Board of Elections Admits It Broke the Law, Accepts Reforms, retrieved October 26, 2017
11. ^ Primary results
12. ^ "Clinton and Trump Poised to Regain Momentum in the Empire State; NY Looks Safe For Dems In General" (PDF). Retrieved April 18, 2016.
13. ^ "Poll: Clinton keeps New York edge, leads Sanders in California". Retrieved April 17, 2016.
14. ^ "Clinton Protects Big Lead Over Sanders in NY: NBC4/WSJ/Marist Poll". Retrieved April 14, 2016.
15. ^ "Black Votes Matter for Clinton in New York, Quinnipiac University Poll Finds; Trump Sweeps All Groups Against Cruz or Kasich" (PDF). Retrieved April 12, 2016.
16. ^ "New York Polling Results". April 17, 2016.
17. ^ "Bernie Narrows Gap; Hillary Still Leads By 10 Points; Trump Maintains Huge Lead, Kasich 2nd, Cruz 3rd" (PDF). Retrieved April 13, 2016.
18. ^ "New York: Clinton Leads by 12" (PDF). Retrieved April 11, 2016.
19. ^ "New York Hates Ted Cruz; Trump, Clinton Lead Big" (PDF). Retrieved April 15, 2016.
20. ^ "NBC News/WSJ/Marist Poll April 2016 New York Questionnaire" (PDF). Retrieved April 11, 2016.
21. ^ "NY1/Baruch College Poll: Trump Leads Rivals by 43 Percentage Points". Retrieved April 15, 2016.
22. ^ "Clinton and Trump Lose Ground in NY, but Still in Control; Voters Weigh in on Open-Conventions". Retrieved April 8, 2016.
23. ^ "Fox News Poll: Trump, Clinton rule Empire State". Retrieved April 10, 2016.
24. ^ "CBS News 2016 Battleground TrackerNew York". Retrieved April 3, 2016.
25. ^ "Clinton, Trump Have Big Leads in New York Primaries, Quinnipiac Poll Finds; Adopted Daughter Thumps Native Son, Edges Kasich" (PDF). Retrieved March 31, 2016.
26. ^ "Emerson Poll: Trump, Clinton Trouncing Their Rivals in New York; In General Election, Hillary and Bernie Lead The Donald" (PDF).
27. ^ Siena College
28. ^ Siena College
29. ^ Siena College
30. ^ "Quinnipiac NY poll" (PDF). quinnipiac.edu. Retrieved July 9, 2015.
31. ^ Siena College
32. ^ Quinnipiac University
33. ^ Marist College
34. ^ Green Papers
35. ^ New York State Board of Elections
36. ^ "2016 Election Center – Presidential Primaries and Caucuses". CNN. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
37. ^ "Election results" (PDF). app.albanycounty.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 14, 2017. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
38. ^ a b New York Exit Polls (conducted by Edison Research of Somerville, New Jersey, for the National Election Pool which consists of ABC News, The Associated Press, CBS News, CNN, Fox News, and NBC News) (April 19, 2016).
39. ^ "Hillary Clinton takes Jewish vote in New York primaries – U.S. Election 2016". Haaretz. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
40. ^ "2016 Election Center". CNN. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
41. ^ "US election 2016: Trump and Clinton win New York primaries". BBC News. April 20, 2016.
42. ^ Barbara Ross, Judge rejects challenge to New York's 'closed primary' system, New York Daily News (May 2, 2016).

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