2020 in spaceflight

Highlights from spaceflight in 2020[a]

Orbital launches
First| 7 January
Last| 29 December
Total| 114
Successes| 104
Failures| 10
Partial failures| 0
Catalogued| 104
National firsts
Spaceflight|

* Sealand (first payload)

Satellite|

* Guatemala
* Slovenia
* Monaco

Suborbital launch|  Netherlands
Rockets
Maiden flights|

* Ceres-1
* Kuaizhou 11
* LauncherOne
* Long March 5B
* Long March 7A
* Long March 8
* Qased
* Rocket 3
* Chang'e sample return ascent stage

Retirements|

* H-IIB
* Atlas V 411

Crewed flights
Orbital| 4
Suborbital| 0
Total travellers| 12
EVAs| 8

* v
* t
* e

2020 in spaceflight

Timeline of spaceflight

<- 2019

2021 ->

* v
* t
* e

Timeline of spaceflight

* Spaceflight before 1951

1950s|

* 1950
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* 1954
* 1955
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* 1957
* 1958 (H1, H2)
* 1959 (H1, H2)

1960s|

* 1960 (T1, T2, T3)
* 1961 (H1, H2)
* 1962 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1963 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1964 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1965 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969

1970s|

* 1970
* 1971
* 1972
* 1973
* 1974
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979

1980s|

* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
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* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989

1990s|

* 1990
* 1991 (H1, H2)
* 1992
* 1993
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* 1995
* 1996
* 1997
* 1998
* 1999

2000s|

* 2000
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

2010s|

* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018 (H1, H2)
* 2019 (H1, H2)

2020s|

* 2020
* 2021 (H1, H2)
* 2022 (H1, H2)
* 2023 (H1, H2)
* 2024 (H1, H2)
* 2025 (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)
* 2026
* 2027
* 2028
* 2029

* Future

This article documents notable spaceflight events during the year 2020.

## Overview

[edit]

### Astronomy and astrophysics

[edit]

The GECAM A and B satellites were launched on 9 December. They were built for research in electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational waves.

### Exploration of the Solar System

[edit]

Three missions to Mars were launched in 2020, including two rovers, two orbiters, and a lander. NASA has launched the Mars 2020 mission, which includes the Perseverance rover and Ingenuity helicopter, and will cache samples for eventual return to Earth.[1] The China National Space Administration (CNSA) has launched its Tianwen-1 mission, which includes an orbiter, a lander, a small rover and a group of deployable and remote cameras;[2] it is China's first mission to another planet using its own delivery vehicle.[1] Finally, the United Arab Emirates, in partnership with American universities, has launched the Hope Mars Mission orbiter on a Japanese rocket.[1]

In November, China launched Chang'e 5, the first sample-return mission to the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976. Chang'e 5 used the recently developed Long March 5 heavy-lift rocket. The mission performed the first-ever robotic lunar orbit rendezvous[3] and returned 1.7 kg (3.7 lb) of lunar soil and rock samples on 16 December.[4]

NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission landed on asteroid 101955 Bennu in October to obtain a surface sample for return to Earth. JAXA's Hayabusa2 mission returned samples of 162173 Ryugu to Earth on 5 December 2020, with its re-entry vehicle recovered in Woomera, Australia.[5]

### Heliophysics

[edit]

One solar mission was launched: ESA's Solar Orbiter, on 10 February 2020, intended to study the Sun's heliosphere.[6] Parker Solar Probe, launched in 2018, decreased its minimal distance to the Sun further to 14.2 million km.[7]

### Earth sciences satellites

[edit]

ESA's Sentinel-6 ocean topography measuring satellite was launched on 21 November.

The launch of the TARANIS satellite, planned to study transient events in the Earths atmosphere, failed on 17 November.

### Human spaceflight

[edit]

In the United States, SpaceX's Dragon 2 spacecraft made its first crewed flight to the International Space Station on 31 May 2020 as part of the Commercial Crew Program,[8] enabling American human orbital spaceflight capability for the first time since the Space Shuttle's retirement in 2011. Dragon 2 became the first commercial system to fly humans to Earth orbit. The second crewed Dragon mission and its first operational mission, Crew-1, launched on 15 November 2020.[9]

China conducted an uncrewed flight test of a next generation crewed spacecraft in May 2020,[10] and continues preparations for the 2021 launch of the Tianhe Core Cabin Module of the Chinese Space Station.[11]

NASA astronaut Christina Koch set a women's record-breaking 328 days spaceflight ending on 6 February 2020. Francisco Rubio holds the all-time American record with 370 days; Cosmonaut Valeri Polyakov, still holding the record, had the all-time spaceflight length record of 437 days but died in 2022. Koch also participated in the first all-female spacewalk with Jessica Meir on 18 October 2019.[12]

### Rocket innovation

[edit]

SpaceX made three atmospheric test flights with prototypes of its fully reusable two-stage-to-orbit vehicle Starship.[13][14]

The trend towards cost reduction in access continued and several rockets made their maiden flights in 2020. Despite the increasing competition the cost of delivering cargo to the ISS went up.[15]

### Satellite innovation

[edit]

SpaceX started operation of its Starlink constellation in late 2020.[16] As of 2 December 2020, 955 satellites have been launched and Starlink is in a public beta testing phase. OneWeb planned to start service in 2020 as well,[17] but filed for bankruptcy in March 2020 after 74 satellites were launched.[18] OneWeb emerged from bankruptcy and plans to restart launches in December 2020.[19]

The Mission Extension Vehicle MEV-1 became the first telerobotically-operated spacecraft to service another satellite on-orbit when it completed the first phase of a 5-year mission to extend the life of the Intelsat 901 (I-901) satellite. In February 2020, MEV-1 captured the communications satellite, which had been moved to graveyard orbit some months before. In April 2020, MEV-1 successfully brought Intelsat-901 it back to position in geosynchronous orbit where it is now expected to operate for another five years. This was a space industry first as satellite servicing had previously been accomplished only with on-orbit human assistance, during the missions to service the Hubble Space Telescope in the early 2000s.[20]

## Orbital launches

[edit]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks

### January

[edit]

7 January
02:19:21[21][22] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0 L2[23] |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
7 January
15:20:14[24][25] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y62[26] |  Xichang LC-2 |  CASC
TJS 5 (Huoyan-1 02)  | Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs | Geosynchronous | Early warning | In orbit | Operational
15 January
02:53:04[27] |  Long March 2D | 2D-Y58  |  Taiyuan LC-9  |  CASC
Jilin-1 Kuanfu-01 (Hongqi-1 H9)  | Chang Guang Satellite Technology | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
ÑuSat 7 (Aleph-1 07/Sophie)  | Satellogic | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
ÑuSat 8 (Aleph-1 08/Marie)  | Satellogic  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | 3 October 2023[28] | Successful
Tianqi 5 (Xinzhou/Yunjiang)[29] | Guodian Gaoke  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
16 January
03:02[30] |  Kuaizhou-1A  | Y9[31] |  Jiuquan LS-95A  |  ExPace
Yinhe 1 (GS-SparkSat-03/Galaxy-1)[32] | Galaxy Space | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
16 January
21:05[33] |  Ariane 5 ECA+  | VA251 |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
Eutelsat Konnect[34] | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
GSAT-30 | ISRO | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
GSAT-30 will replace INSAT-4A.
29 January
14:06:49[35][36] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0 L3  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40  |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
31 January
02:56[37] |  Electron | "Birds of a Feather"  |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
USA-294 (RASR-1)  | NRO | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
NROL-151 Mission. First launch contracted via the NRO's Rapid Acquisition of a Small Rocket (RASR) program.

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### February

[edit]

6 February
21:42:41[38][39] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | ST27 [40] |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Arianespace /  Starsem
OneWeb × 34  | OneWeb | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Second OneWeb mission. Baikonur flight 1.
9 February
01:34 [41] |  H-IIA 202  | F41 [42] |  Tanegashima LA-Y1 |  MHI
IGS-Optical 7  | CSICE | Low Earth (SSO)  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
9 February
15:45 [43] |  Simorgh |  |  Semnan LP-2 |  ISA
Zafar 1[44] | IUST | Low Earth  | Earth observation | 9 February | Launch failure
Satellite failed to reach orbit.
10 February
04:03 [45] |  Atlas V 411  | AV-087[46] |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  ULA
Solar Orbiter | ESA | Heliocentric | Heliophysics | In orbit | Operational
15 February
20:21:04 [51] |  Antares 230+ |  |  MARS LP-0A |  Northrop Grumman
Cygnus NG-13
S.S. Robert H. Lawrence | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 29 May | Successful
Red-Eye 2 (Merlot)  | DARPA | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 16 November 2022[52] | Successful
Red-Eye 3 (Cabernet)  | DARPA  | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 16 November 2022[53] | Successful
⚀ DeMi | MIT | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 8 March 2022[54] | Successful
⚀ TechEdSat-10 (TES-10)[55] | NASA | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 15 March 2021 | Successful
Red-Eye 2, Red-Eye 3, DeMi, and the ELaNa 30 satellite TES-10 were carried within the Cygnus spacecraft and will be released into orbit at a later date.[47] Red-Eye 2 was deployed into orbit from ISS on 17 June 2020.[48] Red-Eye 3 was deployed into orbit on 23 June 2020.[49] DeMi and TechEdSat-10 were deployed on 13 July.[50]
17 February
15:05:55[56] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0-L4  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
18 February
22:18[57] |  Ariane 5 ECA  | VA252[58] |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
JCSAT-17[59] | JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Chollian-2B[60][61] | KARI | Geosynchronous  | Ocean monitoring | In orbit | Operational
19 February
21:07[62][63] |  Long March 2D | 2D-Y61[64] |  Xichang LC-3 |  CASC
XJS-C  | SAST | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 13 July 2023[65] | Successful
XJS-D  | SAST  | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 4 June 2024[66] | Successful
XJS-E  | HIT | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
XJS-F  | CAST | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
First Long March 2D launch from Xichang.
20 February
08:24:54[67][68] |  Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat-M |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/3 |  RVSN RF
Meridian-M 9 (19L)[69] | Ministry of Defence | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### March

[edit]

7 March
04:50:31[74] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | F9-082  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
SpaceX CRS-20 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 7 April
18:50 | Successful[75]
⚀ G-SATELLITE | TOCOG / University of Tokyo | Low Earth | Space advertising | 18 April 2022[76] | Successful
⚀ Quetzal-1 (Guatesat-1)[77] | UVG | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 1 March 2022[78] | Successful
⚀ Lynk-04 (Lynk the World)[79][80] | Lynk Global | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Final flight of Dragon 1. G-SATELLITE (Gundam Satellite) carries two miniature Gundam figurines (gunpla) to promote the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics. Quetzal-1 is Guatemala's first satellite.[70] G-SATELLITE and Quetzal-1 were deployed into orbit from the ISS on 28 April 2020.[71][72] Lynk the World, Lynk's fourth satellite, was launched to the ISS on this flight and deployed into space by the Cygnus NG-13 spacecraft on 13 May.[73]
9 March
11:55[81] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y69[26] |  Xichang LC-2 |  CASC
BeiDou-3 G2Q[82] | CNSA | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
16 March
13:34[83][84] |  Long March 7A | Y1  |  Wenchang LC-2  |  CASC
Xinjishu Yanzheng-6 (XJY-6)  | TBA | Geosynchronous  | Technology demonstration | 16 March | Launch failure
First flight of Long March 7A. Failed to reach orbit.
16 March
18:28:10[85] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/4 |  RVSN RF
GLONASS-M 760 (Kosmos 2545)  | VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
18 March
12:16:39[86] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0-L5  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Fifth flight of booster B1048; recovery was not successful.
21 March
17:06:58[87] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat | ST28[88] |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Arianespace /  Starsem
OneWeb × 34  | OneWeb | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Baikonur flight 2.
24 March
03:43[89] |  Long March 2C | 2C-Y42[90] |  Xichang LC-3 |  CASC
Yaogan 30-06 01  | CAS | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
Yaogan 30-06 02  | CAS  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
Yaogan 30-06 03  | CAS  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
26 March
20:18[92] |  Atlas V 551  | AV-086[46] |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  ULA
AEHF-6 (USA-298)[93] | U.S. Space Force | Geosynchronous | Military communications | In orbit | Operational
⚀ TDO-2[94] | U.S. Space Force | Highly elliptical | Laser ranging | 28 September 2022[95] | Successful
The TDO-2 Cubesat was also known as OrCa (Orbital Calibration) by the team which designed it at Georgia Tech.[91]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### April

[edit]

9 April
08:05:06[96] |  Soyuz-2.1a |  |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Roscosmos
Soyuz MS-16 | Roscosmos  | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 62/63 | 22 October
02:31 | Successful
First crewed flight of Soyuz-2.1a.
9 April
11:46[98] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y71[26] |  Xichang LC-2 |  CASC
Nusantara Dua (Palapa-N1)  | PSN / Indosat | Geosynchronous | Communications | 9 April | Launch failure
Intended to replace Palapa-D. Failed to reach orbit.[97]
22 April
03:59[99] |  Qased |  |  Shahroud Space Center |  IRGC
⚀ Noor 1[100] | IRGC | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 13 April 2022[101] | Successful
Maiden flight of the Qased launch vehicle.
22 April
19:30:30[102] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0-L6  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
25 April
01:51:41[103] |  Soyuz-2.1a |  |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Roscosmos
Progress MS-14 / 75P  | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 29 April 2021
00:42:27[104] | Successful

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### May

[edit]

5 May
10:00[10] |  Long March 5B | Y1[108] |  Wenchang LC-1  |  CASC
Chinese next-generation crewed spacecraft | CMSA | Highly elliptical | Flight test | 8 May
05:49 | Successful
Flexible Inflatable Cargo Return Module[109] | CASIC | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 6 May | Spacecraft failure
First flight of Long March 5B, testing a new crewed spacecraft.[11] The capsule successfully returned to Earth on 8 May, following on-orbit testing.[105][106] An experimental secondary payload, meant to test inflatable heat shield reentry technologies, malfunctioned during its return to Earth on 6 May.[107]
12 May
01:16[110] |  Kuaizhou 1A  | Y6[111] |  Jiuquan LS-95A  |  ExPace
Xingyun-2 01  | Xingyun Satellite Co. | Low Earth (SSO)  | IoT | In orbit | Operational
Xingyun-2 02  | Xingyun Satellite Co.  | Low Earth (SSO)  | IoT | In orbit | Operational
Xingyun-2 01/02 are the first two small satellites launched for the Xingyun narrow-band Internet of Things constellation to perform data relay and tracking services. The constellation will eventually consist of 80 such satellites.[110]
17 May
13:14:00[112][113] |  Atlas V 501  | AV-081[46] |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  ULA
X-37B OTV-6 | U.S. Space Force | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 12 November 2022
10:22[114] | Successful
FalconSAT-8  | U.S. Air Force Academy | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
USSF-7 mission.
20 May
17:31:00[115] |  H-IIB | F9  |  Tanegashima LA-Y2 |  MHI
HTV-9 | JAXA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 20 August
07:07 | Successful
Final HTV cargo launch, and final flight of the H-IIB rocket. The HTV-X and H3 rocket will replace them, respectively.
22 May
07:31:17[116][117] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/4 |  RVSN RF
EKS-4 (Tundra 14L)[118] | VKS | Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Operational
25 May
19:50[119] |  LauncherOne | F1  |  Cosmic Girl, Mojave |  Virgin Orbit
Dummy payload | Virgin Orbit | Low Earth  | Flight test | 25 May | Launch failure
Starshine 4[121] | NASA | Low Earth  | Education | 25 May | Launch failure
First orbital flight of LauncherOne. Mission was terminated shortly after first stage ignition.[119][120]
29 May
20:13[122][123] |  Long March 11 |  |  Xichang LC-4[124] |  CASC
XJS-G  | CAS | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
XJS-H  | NUDT | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
30 May
19:22:45[127][128] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | F9-085  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
SpX-DM2 Endeavour | SpaceX / NASA  | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 63 / Crewed flight test | 2 August
18:48 | Successful
Crew Dragon Demo 2: Crewed flight test of SpaceX Dragon 2 as part of the Commercial Crew Development program. Mission successfully concluded on 2 August after two months in space.[125] First crewed orbital spaceflight with a private spacecraft.[126]
31 May
08:53[129][130] |  Long March 2D | 2D-Y51  |  Jiuquan SLS-2 |  CASC
Gaofen-9 02[131] | CNSA  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
HEAD-4[132] | HEAD Aerospace | Low Earth (SSO)  | AIS ship tracking | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### June

[edit]

4 June
01:25:33[21][133] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0-L7  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Fifth flight of booster B1049; recovery was successful (first booster to be recovered after 5th flight).
10 June
18:31:24[134][135] |  Long March 2C | 2C-Yxx[64] |  Taiyuan LC-9  |  CASC
HaiYang 1D  | Ministry of Natural Resources | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
13 June
05:12:12[141] |  Electron | "Don't Stop Me Now"[142] |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
Photon (Pathfinder)[143] | Rocket Lab  | Low Earth  | Flight test | In orbit | Operational
⚀ ANDESITE Mule + Node × 8[139] | Boston University | Low Earth  | Auroral science
Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ USA-301[144] | NRO | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
⚀ USA-302[144] | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
⚀ USA-303[144] | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
⚀ M2 Pathfinder  | UNSW Canberra, RAAF | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Launch of the ELaNa 32 mission,[136] plus additional payloads.[137] ANDESITE will conduct magnetospheric research using an experimental fractionated formation of eight picosatellites, to be deployed after reaching orbit.[138][139] Three NRO payloads were deployed as part of RASR-2.[140]
13 June
09:21:18[145] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0-L8  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40  |  SpaceX
Starlink × 58  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
SkySat 16–18[146] | Planet Labs | Low Earth  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
First SmallSat Rideshare mission launch.
17 June
07:19[147][148] |  Long March 2D | 2D-Y52  |  Jiuquan SLS-2 |  CASC
Gaofen-9 03[131] | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
HEAD-5  | HEAD Aerospace | Low Earth (SSO)  | AIS ship tracking | In orbit | Operational
Pixing-3A  | Zhejiang University | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
23 June
01:43[150][151] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y68  |  Xichang LC-2 |  CASC
BeiDou-3 G3Q[82] | CNSA  | Geosynchronous | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Last satellite of the BeiDou-3 constellation to be launched, completing the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System.[149]
30 June
20:10:46[153][154] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | F9-088  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40  |  SpaceX
GPS IIIA-03 Matthew Henson | U.S. Space Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Named after African-American polar explorer Matthew Henson. Originally named Columbus.[152]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### July

[edit]

3 July
03:10[155][156] |  Long March 4B | 4B-Y43  |  Taiyuan LC-9  |  CASC
Gaofen DUOMO (Multi-Mode)  | CAST | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Xibaipo (BY70-2)  | Luquan No.1 Middle School  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Popular science | In orbit | Operational
4 July
21:19:36[158] |  Electron | "Pics Or It Didn't Happen"  |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
CE-SAT-IB  | Canon Inc. | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | 4 July | Launch failure
⚀ Flock-4e × 5  | Planet Labs | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | 4 July | Launch failure
⚀ Faraday-1  | In-Space Missions | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | 4 July | Launch failure
Failed during second stage flight.[157]
4 July
23:44[159] |  Long March 2D | 2D-Y29[64] |  Jiuquan SLS-2 |  CASC
Shiyan 6-02 | CAST | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
6 July
01:00[160][161] |  Shavit-2 |  |  Palmachim Airbase |  IAI
Ofek-16 | Israel Ministry of Defence | Low Earth | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
9 July
12:11:04[162][163] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y64  |  Xichang LC-3 |  CASC
APStar 6D | APT Satellite Co. | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
10 July
04:17[165][166] |  Kuaizhou 11 |  |  Jiuquan LS-95A  |  ExPace
Bilibili Video Satellite (Jilin-1 Gaofen-02E)[167] | Chang Guang Satellite Technology | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | 10 July | Launch failure
CentiSpace-1 S2 (Xiangrikui 2)  | Beijing Future Navigation Technology  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | 10 July | Launch failure
First flight of Kuaizhou 11.[164] The rocket failed to reach space.
15 July
13:46[169] |  Minotaur IV / Orion 38 |  |  MARS LP-0B |  Northrop Grumman
USA-305 | NRO | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
USA-306 | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
USA-307 | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
USA-308 | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
NROL-129 mission.[168]
19 July
21:58:14[170][171] |  H-IIA 202[172] | F42  |  Tanegashima LA-Y1 |  MHI
Hope (Al-Amal)  | Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre | TMI to Areocentric | Mars orbiter | In orbit | Operational
Emirates Mars Mission; first Emirati space probe.
20 July
21:30[173] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | F9-089  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
ANASIS-II[174] | Republic of Korea Army | Geosynchronous  | Military communications | In orbit | Operational
South Korea's first dedicated military communications satellite.
23 July
04:41[175] |  Long March 5 | Y4[108] |  Wenchang LC-1  |  CASC
Tianwen-1 | CNSA | TMI to Areocentric  | Mars orbiter and rover | In orbit | Operational
Tianwen-1 Deployable Camera  | CNSA  | TMI (Martian flyby)  | Photography | In orbit | Successful
Drop Camera[176] | CNSA  | TMI to Areocentric  | Mars lander / Photography | In orbit | Successful
China's first independent Mars mission.
23 July
14:26:21[179] |  Soyuz-2.1a |  |  Baikonur Site 31/6 |  Roscosmos
Progress MS-15 / 76P  | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 9 February 2021
09:13[180] | Successful
It was initially planned for this Progress vehicle to deorbit the Pirs module to make way for the arrival of Nauka in early 2021. This was later delayed to a subsequent mission.[177][178] 100th Soyuz-2 launch.
25 July
03:13[181][182] |  Long March 4B  | 4B-Y45  |  Taiyuan LC-9  |  CASC
Ziyuan III-03  | Ministry of Natural Resources | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Tianqi-10  | Guodian Gaoke  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Lobster Eye X-ray Explorer (NJU-HKU №1)[183][184] | NJU / HKU | Low Earth (SSO)  | X-ray astronomy | In orbit | Operational
30 July
11:50[186] |  Atlas V 541  | AV-088  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  ULA
Perseverance | NASA / JPL | TMI to Martian surface  | Mars rover | 18 February 2021
20:43:42[187] | Landed on Mars; Operational
Ingenuity | NASA / JPL  | TMI to Martian surface  | Mars aircraft | Landed on Mars
Mars 2020 mission.[185]
30 July
21:25:19[188] |  Proton-M / Briz-M P4  |  |  Baikonur Site 200/39 |  Roscosmos
Ekspress-80 | RSCC | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Ekspress-103 | RSCC  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### August

[edit]

6 August
04:01:54[189][190] |  Long March 2D | 2D-Y56  |  Jiuquan SLS-2 |  CASC
Gaofen 9-04 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Q-SAT[191] | Tsinghua University | Low Earth (SSO)  | Gravitational research
Atmospheric science | In orbit | Operational
7 August
05:12:05[194] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0-L9  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
Starlink × 57  | SpaceX | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
BlackSky 5 (Global-7)  | BlackSky Global | Low Earth | Earth observation | 23 October 2023[195] | Successful
BlackSky 6 (Global-8)  | BlackSky Global | Low Earth | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Starlink SmallSat Rideshare mission to deploy BlackSky Global 7 and 8;[192] first Starlink rideshare contracted with Spaceflight Industries, dubbed "SXRS-1".[193]
15 August
22:04[197] |  Ariane 5 ECA  | VA253 |  Kourou ELA-3 |  Arianespace
BSAT-4b | BSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Galaxy 30 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
MEV-2 | Northrop Grumman | Geosynchronous | Satellite servicing | In orbit | Operational
MEV-2 successfully docked with Intelsat 10-02 on 12 April 2021.[196]
18 August
14:31:16[198] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0-L10  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
Starlink × 58  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
SkySat 19–21[199] | Planet Labs | Low Earth  | Earth observation | 18, 20: In orbit
19: 26 June 2023[200] | Operational
Starlink SmallSat Rideshare mission to deploy SkySat 19–21.
23 August
02:27:04[201][202] |  Long March 2D  | 2D-Y57  |  Jiuquan SLS-2  |  CASC
Gaofen 9-05 | CNSA  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Tiantuo-5  | NUDT | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Duo Gongneng Shiyan Weixing  | AMS | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
30 August
23:18:56[203] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | F9-092  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40  |  SpaceX
SAOCOM 1B | CONAE | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ EG-2 (Tyvak-0172)[204][205] | EchoStar | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
⚀ GNOMES-1[206] | PlanetIQ | Low Earth (SSO)  | Radio occultation | In orbit | Operational
First polar orbit mission from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station since ESSA-9 in 1969. SmallSat Rideshare mission to deploy Tyvak-0172 and GNOMES-1.
31 August
03:05:47[207] |  Electron | "I Can't Believe It's Not Optical"  |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
Capella-2 (Sequoia)  | Capella Space | Low Earth | Earth observation | 28 February 2023[208] | Successful
Photon (First Light)  | Rocket Lab | Low Earth | Flight test | In orbit | Operational[209]
Return-to-flight mission for Electron. Second launch of the Photon satellite bus.

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### September

[edit]

3 September
01:51:10[217][218] |  Vega | VV16 |  Kourou ELV |  Arianespace
ION SCV-001 Lucas[210] | D-Orbit | Low Earth (SSO)  | CubeSat deployer | In orbit | Operational[219]
Athena | Facebook[220] | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
ESAIL[210] | exactEarth | Low Earth (SSO)  | AIS ship tracking | In orbit | Operational
GHGSat-C1 (Iris)[221][211] | GHGSat | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
NEMO-HD[210][211] | UTIAS / Space-SI | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
ÑuSat 6 (Hypatia)[222] | Satellogic | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
UPM-Sat 2[210] | UPM | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration
Education | In orbit | Operational
⚀ AMICal SAT[210] | CSUG / MSU | Low Earth (SSO)  | Auroral science | In orbit | Operational
⚀ DIDO-3[211] | SpacePharma / ISA / ASI | Low Earth (SSO)  | Microgravity research | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Flock-4v × 26[223] | Planet Labs | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ FSSCAT A and B[211][224] | UPC | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Lemur-2 × 8[210] | Spire Global | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational (6/8)
⚀ OSM-1 Cicero[215][225] | OSM | Low Earth (SSO)  | Radio occultation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ NAPA-1 (RTAFSAT-1)[211][226] | RTAF | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ PICASSO[211] | BIRA-IASB | Low Earth (SSO)  | Atmospheric research | In orbit | Operational
⚀ SIMBA[211] | RMI | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ SpaceBEE × 12[210] | Swarm Technologies | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
⚀ TARS[210] | Kepler Communications | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
⚀ TRISAT[211] | University of Maribor | Low Earth (SSO)  | Education | In orbit | Operational
⚀ TTÜ100[211] | TalTech | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ EG-1 (Tyvak-0171)[210][204][205] | EchoStar | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Partial spacecraft failure; Operational
Small Satellites Mission Service Proof of Concept (SSMS PoC) mission.[210][211] Return to flight for Vega after the July 2019 launch failure. 53 satellites were deployed by the SSMS dispenser, including 14 Flock CubeSats carried on SSMS QuadPack deployers, while 12 additional Flock CubeSats were deployed separately by the ION SCV LUCAS satellite.[212][210][213] NEMO-HD and TRISAT are Slovenia's first satellites,[214] and OSM-1 Cicero is Monaco's first satellite.[215] Two of the Lemur-2 CubeSats failed to deploy, leading them to de-orbit along with the fourth stage of the Vega booster.[216]
3 September
12:46:14[227] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0-L11  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
4 September
07:30[228][229] |  Long March 2F/T  | 2F-T3[64] |  Jiuquan SLS-1 |  CASC
Reusable Experimental Spacecraft | CASC  | Low Earth  | Flight test | 6 September
02:00[230] | Successful
Unidentified satellite[231] | CASC  | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Chinese experimental reusable spaceplane.
7 September
05:57[232][233] |  Long March 4B | 4B-Y46  |  Taiyuan LC-9  |  CASC
Gaofen 11-02 | CNSA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
12 September
03:19[236][237] |  Rocket 3 | Rocket 3.1  |  Kodiak LP-3B  |  Astra
Astra Test Payload  | Astra  | Low Earth  | Flight test | 12 September | Launch failure
First flight of Rocket 3. Failed during first stage flight. Originally intended to be the second of two launches for the DARPA Launch Challenge, Rocket 3.1's launch was Astra's first orbital launch attempt following the loss of Rocket 3.0 during a prelaunch test in March 2020.[234][235]
12 September
05:02[238][239] |  Kuaizhou 1A  | Y3[111] |  Jiuquan LS-95A  |  ExPace
Jilin-1 Gaofen-02C | Chang Guang Satellite Technology | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | 12 September | Launch failure
15 September
01:23[240] |  Long March 11H  | Y2  |  De Bo 3 Launch Platform, Yellow Sea |  CASC
Jilin-1 Gaofen-03B × 6  | Chang Guang Satellite Technology  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Jilin-1 Gaofen-03C × 3  | Chang Guang Satellite Technology  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Second Long March 11 sea launch.
21 September
05:40[241][242] |  Long March 4B  | 4B-Y41  |  Jiuquan SLS-2  |  CASC
HaiYang 2C | Ministry of Natural Resources | Low Earth  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
27 September
03:23[243] |  Long March 4B  | 4B-Y42  |  Taiyuan LC-9  |  CASC
Huanjing 2A | CNSA  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Huanjing 2B | CNSA  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
28 September
11:20[244] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/4 |  Roscosmos
Gonets-M 17[245] | Gonets Satellite System | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gonets-M 18[245] | Gonets Satellite System  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gonets-M 19[245] | Gonets Satellite System  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
ICEYE X6[246] | ICEYE | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
ICEYE X7[246] | ICEYE  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
SALSAT[246][247] | TU Berlin | Low Earth (SSO)  | Spectrum analysis | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Kepler × 2[248] | Kepler | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
⚀ LacunaSat-3[246][249] | NanoAvionics / Lacuna Space | Low Earth (SSO)  | IoT | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Lemur-2 × 4[246] | Spire Global | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ MeznSat[246][250] | Khalifa University / AURAK | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ NetSat × 4[246][251] | ZFT | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Descartes[252] | MSU | Low Earth (SSO)  | Space weather | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Norby[252] | NSU | Low Earth (SSO)  | Space weather | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Yarilo × 2[246][253] | BMSTU / Lebedev Physical Institute | Low Earth (SSO)  | Heliophysics | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### October

[edit]

3 October
01:16:14[255] |  Antares 230+ |  |  MARS LP-0A |  Northrop Grumman
Cygnus NG-14
S.S. Kalpana Chawla[256] | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 26 January 2021
20:23 | Successful[257]
⚀ Bobcat-1 | Ohio University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 9 April 2022[258] | Successful
⚀ DESCENT  | York University | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 19 June 2022[259] | Successful
⚀ Lemur-2 Baxter-Oliver | Spire Global | Low Earth | Earth observation | 20 December 2021[260] | Successful
⚀ Lemur-2 Djara[261] | Spire Global / ONI | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ NEUTRON-1 | University of Hawaii | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 25 June 2022[262] | Successful
⚀ SATLLA-1[263] | Ariel University | Low Earth | Education | In orbit | Operational
⚀ SPOC | University of Georgia | Low Earth | Technology demonstration | 25 June 2022[264] | Successful
The ELaNa 31 mission launched on this resupply flight.[136] All CubeSats launched on this mission were successfully deployed on 5 November 2020.[254]
6 October
11:29:34[265] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | Starlink V1.0-L12  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
11 October
16:57[266][267] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y63[268] |  Xichang LC-2 |  CASC
Gaofen-13 | SASTIND | Geosynchronous | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
14 October
05:45:04[21][269] |  Soyuz-2.1a |  |  Baikonur Site 31 |  Roscosmos
Soyuz MS-17 | Roscosmos | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 63/64 | 17 April 2021
04:55[270] | Successful
18 October
12:25:57[271] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0-L13  |  Kennedy LC-39A  |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 October
15:31:34[272] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0-L14  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
25 October
19:08:42[274][275] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/3 |  RVSN RF
GLONASS-K 15 (K1 №3)[276] | VKS | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Also known as GLONASS-K 705. Replaced Kosmos 2516 (GLONASS-M 753) following its failure in November 2020.[273]
26 October
15:19[277] |  Long March 2C | 2C-Y43  |  Xichang LC-3 |  CASC
Yaogan 30-07 01  | CAS | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
Yaogan 30-07 02  | CAS  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
Yaogan 30-07 03  | CAS  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
Tianqi-6  | Guodian Gaoke  | Low Earth  | IoT | In orbit | Operational
28 October
21:21:27[278][279] |  Electron | "In Focus"  |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
CE-SAT-IIB  | Canon Inc. | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Flock-4e' × 9  | Planet Labs | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### November

[edit]

5 November
23:24:23[280] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | F9-097  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
GPS IIIA-04 Sacagawea (USA-309)  | U.S. Space Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Named after the Shoshone woman Sacagawea, who helped guide the Lewis and Clark Expedition.[152]
6 November
03:19[281][282] |  Long March 6 | Y3  |  Taiyuan LC-16  |  CASC
ÑuSat × 10  | Satellogic | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Taiyuan (BY-03)[283] | Jinshan Middle School / Origin Space | Low Earth (SSO)  | Education / Ultraviolet astronomy | In orbit | Operational
Tianyan 05 (UESTC)[283] | ADASpace / MinoSpace | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Beihangkongshi-1[284] | Spacety  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
ÑuSat 9–18.[222] Beihangkongshi-1 carries the first iodine electric space propulsion system to be tested in space.
7 November
07:12[285][286] |  Ceres-1 |  |  Jiuquan LS-95A  |  Galactic Energy
Tianqi-11 (Scorpio-1)  | Guodian Gaoke  | Low Earth (SSO)  | IoT | In orbit | Operational
Maiden flight of Ceres-1. Mission designated "I Believe I Can Fly".
7 November
09:41[287][288] |  PSLV-DL | C49  |  Satish Dhawan FLP |  ISRO
EOS-01 (RISAT-2BR2)[289] | ISRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
⚀ KSM × 4[290] | Kleos Space  | Low Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Lemur-2 × 4  | Spire Global | Low Earth  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ R2 (LacunaSat-2)[291] | NanoAvionics | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
12 November
15:59:04[292][293] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y73  |  Xichang LC-2 |  CASC
Tiantong-1 02  | China Satcom | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
13 November
22:32[294] |  Atlas V 531  | AV-090[46] |  Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |  ULA
NROL-101 (USA-310)  | NRO | Molniya | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
The first GEM 63 solid rocket motors flew on this mission. May be an SDS satellite.
16 November
00:27:17[296] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | F9-098  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
SpaceX Crew-1 Resilience | SpaceX / NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | Expedition 64/65 | 2 May 2021
06:56 | Successful
Carrying four astronauts. Second crewed and first operational Crew Dragon mission, as part of the Commercial Crew Program.[295]
17 November
01:52:20[298] |  Vega | VV17[299] |  Kourou ELV |  Arianespace
SEOSat-Ingenio | ESA / CDTI / INTA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | 17 November | Launch failure
TARANIS | CNES | Low Earth (SSO)  | TLE observation | 17 November | Launch failure
Mission failure due to human error. Cables leading to thrust vector control actuators were inverted during engine assembly, causing the AVUM upper stage to tumble upon ignition.[297]
20 November
02:20:01[304] |  Electron | "Return to Sender"  |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
⚀ Alchemy (DragRacer A)  | TriSept  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | 19 July 2021 | Successful
⚀ Augury (DragRacer B)  | TriSept  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
⚀ BRO-2  | UnseenLabs  | Low Earth (SSO)  | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational
⚀ BRO-3  | UnseenLabs  | Low Earth (SSO)  | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational
⚀ APSS-1 (Waka Āmiorangi Aotearoa)  | University of Auckland | Low Earth (SSO)  | Ionospheric research | In orbit | Spacecraft failure[305]
⚀ Landmapper-BC 5[306] | Astro Digital  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
⚀ SpaceBEE × 18  | Swarm Technologies | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | First: 22 October 2022
Last: 14 December 2022[307] | Successful
⚀ SpaceBEE NZ × 6  | Swarm Technologies NZ  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gnome Chompski[308] | Gabe Newell | Low Earth  | Charity / Mass simulator | In orbit | Operational
The DragRacer mission tested Tethers Unlimited's Terminator Tape, an electrodynamic tether that can passively de-orbit satellites in order to reduce space debris.[300][301] Alchemy, the tethered satellite, was expected to take 45 days to de-orbit; Augury, the untethered satellite, was expected to take up to 9 years.[302] Alchemy re-entered the atmosphere on 19 July 2021, after 241 days in orbit.[303] First stage recovery using parachutes was successfully attempted on this flight, with the intact booster splashing down in the Pacific Ocean.
21 November
17:17:08[309] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | F9-099  |  Vandenberg SLC-4E |  SpaceX
Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich (Sentinel-6A)  | NASA / NOAA / ESA / Eumetsat | Low Earth  | Oceanography | In orbit | Operational
23 November
20:30:12[311] |  Long March 5 | Y5[108] |  Wenchang LC-1  |  CASC
Chang'e 5 lander  | CNSA | Selenocentric | Lunar lander | 1 December
15:11 | Successful
Chang'e 5 ascender  | CNSA  | Selenocentric  | Space rendezvous | 7 December
23:30 | Successful
Chang'e 5 orbiter  | CNSA  | Initial: Selenocentric
Current: Sun–Earth L1 | Lunar orbiter | In orbit | Operational
Chang'e 5 return capsule  | CNSA  | Selenocentric  | Lunar sample return | 16 December
17:59 | Successful
China's first lunar sample return mission. Lunar landing was confirmed on 1 December. The reentry capsule landed on Earth on 16 December and safely delivered 1.731 kg (3.82 lb) of lunar soil and rock samples. The orbiter is currently on an extended mission to the Sun–Earth L1 point.[310]
25 November
02:13:12[312] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | Starlink V1.0-L15  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40  |  SpaceX
Starlink × 60  | SpaceX  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
First time that a Falcon 9 first-stage booster (B1049.7) has been launched and recovered for the seventh time. 100th launch of Falcon 9.
29 November
07:25[313][314] |  H-IIA 202  | F43  |  Tanegashima LA-Y1 |  MHI
JDRS-1 (LUCAS)[315] | CAS / JAXA | Geosynchronous  | Data relay | In orbit | Operational
Japanese Optical Data Relay Satellite.

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

### December

[edit]

2 December
01:33:28[316] |  Soyuz ST-A / Fregat-M | VS24  |  Kourou ELS |  Arianespace
FalconEye-2 | UAE Armed Forces | Low Earth (SSO)  | Reconnaissance (IMINT) | In orbit | Operational
3 December
01:14:36[317][318] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat |  |  Plesetsk Site 43/3 |  Roscosmos
Gonets-M 20[245] | Gonets Satellite System | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gonets-M 21[245] | Gonets Satellite System  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gonets-M 22[245] | Gonets Satellite System  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
⚀ ERA-1 (Kosmos 2548)[319] | Ministry of Defence | Low Earth  | Military | In orbit | Operational
6 December
03:58[320][321] |  Long March 3B/E  | 3B-Y70  |  Xichang LC-3 |  CASC
Gaofen 14 | SASTIND | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
First Long March 3B launch to Sun-synchronous orbit.
6 December
16:17:08[322] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 | F9-101  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
SpaceX CRS-21 | NASA | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS logistics | 14 January 2021 | Successful
Nanoracks Bishop Airlock | Nanoracks / NASA  | Low Earth (ISS)  | Satellite deployment / ISS assembly | In orbit | Operational
First flight of the cargo version of Dragon 2. Nanoracks Bishop Airlock launched aboard this resupply flight.
The airlock is now docked to the ISS as of 12/22/20.
9 December
20:14[323][324] |  Long March 11 | Y9[124] |  Xichang LC-4  |  CASC
GECAM A and B[325] | CAS | Low Earth  | Gravitational-wave astronomy | In orbit | Operational
11 December
01:09[326] |  Delta IV Heavy | D-385  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-37B |  ULA
Orion 10 / USA-311[327] | NRO | Geosynchronous | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
NROL-44 mission. First launch from the newly renamed Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.
13 December
17:30[329] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | F9-102  |  Cape Canaveral SLC-40 |  SpaceX
SXM-7[330] | Sirius XM | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
Replacement for the XM-3 satellite launched in 2005. While conducting in-orbit testing the satellite experienced payload unit failures. Exact cause has not been announced.[328]
14 December
05:50:00[331][332] |  Angara A5 / Briz-M |  |  Plesetsk Site 35/1 |  RVSN RF
IPM №2 (MGM №2)[333] | VKS | Geosynchronous  | Flight test | In orbit | Successful
Second orbital flight of Angara A5.
15 December
10:09:27[21][335] |  Electron | "The Owl's Night Begins"  |  Mahia LC-1A |  Rocket Lab
StriX-α  | Synspective  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
First of 16 dedicated launches for Synspective's StriX constellation, taking place from 2020 to 2027.[334]
15 December
20:55[337][338] |  Rocket 3 | Rocket 3.2  |  Kodiak LP-3B  |  Astra
No payload | Astra  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Flight test | 15 December | Launch failure
Second of three Rocket 3 orbital launch attempts. Successfully achieved an apogee of 390 km (240 mi), but fell just short of orbital velocity due to a suboptimal second stage fuel mixture.[336]
17 December
10:11[340] |  PSLV-XL | C50[341] |  Satish Dhawan SLP |  ISRO
CMS-01 (GSAT-12R)  | ISRO  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Replacement for GSAT-12.[339]
18 December
12:26:26[343] |  Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat  | ST29  |  Vostochny Site 1S |  Arianespace /  Starsem
OneWeb × 36  | OneWeb | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Vostochny flight 1. Third large batch of satellites, and the first after bankruptcy in early 2020.[342]
19 December
14:00[346] |  Falcon 9 Block 5  | F9-103  |  Kennedy LC-39A  |  SpaceX
USA-312 | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
USA-313 | NRO  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
NROL-108 mission, satellites being possibly SpaceX Starshield prototypes.[344][345]
22 December
04:37:37[347][348][349] |  Long March 8 | Y1  |  Wenchang LC-2[350] |  CASC
Xinjishu Yanzheng-7 (XJY-7)  | CAST | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Hisea-1[351] | Spacety  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
Tianqi-8 (Ping'an-1)  | Guodian Gaoke  | Low Earth (SSO)  | IoT | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Yuanguang  | Spacety / HBUT | Low Earth (SSO)  | Space tribology | In orbit | Operational
⚀ ET-SMART-RSS (Zhixing-1A)[352] | ESSTI / SMART | Low Earth (SSO)  | Earth observation | In orbit | Operational
First flight of Long March 8.
27 December
15:44[353] |  Long March 4C | 4C-Y35  |  Jiuquan SLS-2 |  CASC
Yaogan 33(R)  | CAS  | Low Earth (SSO)  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational
⚀ Weina-2  | SECM | Low Earth (SSO)  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Replacement for Yaogan 33, which was lost in a launch failure on 22 May 2019.
29 December
16:42:07[354][355] |  Soyuz ST-A / Fregat-M  | VS25  |  Kourou ELS  |  Arianespace
CSO-2 | CNES / DGA | Low Earth (SSO)  | Reconnaissance | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Suborbital flights

[edit]

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks
9 January
08:00:00  |  S-310 | 45  |  Uchinoura |  JAXA
| JAXA | Suborbital  | Technology | 9 January | Successful
Apogee: 131 km[356]
19 January |  K-4 |  |  Visakhapatnam |  Indian Navy
| Indian Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 19 January | Successful
Apogee: 500 km? The missile was from a submerged platform located in the coastal waters of Andhra Pradesh. This test was undertaken in full operational configuration during which the missile traversed a distance of over 3,500 km in approximately 21 minutes.[357]
19 January
15:30[362] |  Falcon 9 Block 5 |  |  Kennedy LC-39A |  SpaceX
SpaceX Dragon 2 | SpaceX | Suborbital  | Test flight | 19 January | Successful
Apogee: 40 km.[358] In-flight abort test at Max Q. It was planned that the capsule from the first demonstration mission SpX-DM1 would be used, but that capsule having been subsequently destroyed after the mission in a fire during a ground-test, a new capsule was assigned for this mission.[359][360][361]
24 January[363] |  K-4 |  |  Visakhapatnam |  Indian Navy
| Indian Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 24 January | Successful
Apogee: 500 km?
27 January
13:40[364] |  Black Brant IX |  |  Poker Flat Research Range |  NASA
PolarNOx 2  | Virginia Tech | Suborbital  | Thermosphere research | 27 January | Successful
Apogee: 260 kilometres (160 mi)
5 February
08:33[365] |  Minuteman-III |  |  Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-04  |  US Air Force
FTU-2  | US Air Force | Suborbital  | Test flight | 5 February | Successful
12 February[366] |  UGM-133 Trident II |  |  USS Maine (SSBN-741), Pacific Missile Range Facility |  US Navy
| US Navy | Suborbital  | Missile test | 12 February | Successful
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation (DASO) 30
16 February[367] |  UGM-133 Trident II |  |  USS Maine (SSBN-741), Pacific Missile Range Facility |  US Navy
| US Navy | Suborbital  | Missile test | 16 February | Successful
Demonstration and Shakedown Operation (DASO) 30
19 February[368]
23:14  |  Improved Malemute |  |  Esrange |  SSC
SPIDER-2[369] | SNSA | Suborbital  | Atmospheric analysis | 19 February | Successful
Apogee 120 km (74 mi)
20 March
08:30  |  UGM-27 Polaris (STARS)  |  |  Barking Sands LC-42 |  US Navy
C-HGB  | US Navy | Suborbital  | Technology | 20 March | Successful
Common-Hypersonic Glide Body, successful hypersonic glide vehicle test.[370]
15 April
15:00 [371] |  PL-19 "Nudol"  |  |  Plesetsk cosmodrome  |
|  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 15 April | Successful
Anti-satellite missile test
12 June[372] |  M51  |  |  Le Téméraire, Audierne Bay  |  DGA/Marine nationale
| DGA/Marine nationale  | Suborbital  | Test flight | 12 June | Successful
Apogee: 1,000 kilometres (620 mi)?
14 June[373] |  Momo 5 |  |  Taiki Aerospace Research Field |  Interstellar Technologies
| Kochi University of Technology | Suborbital  | ? | 14 June | Launch failure[373]
About 35 seconds into flight, sparks were observed near the engine nozzle. About thirty seconds later, the engine failed and the rocket tumbled out of control.
4 August
07:21[374] |  Minuteman-III |  |  Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-10  |  US Air Force
3x Mk 12 RV  | US Air Force | Suborbital  | Test flight | 4 August | Successful
Mission GT-235GM
12 August[375] |  Silver Sparrow?  |  |  F-15 Eagle, Israel |  IAF
| Israeli Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM target | 12 August | Successful
Apogee: ~100 kilometres (62 mi)?, AST-18a target, successfully intercepted by Arrow 2
16 August [377] |  Skylark Micro | Launch I  |  Langanes Peninsula Launch Site  |  Skyrora
| Skyrora | Suborbital  | Test flight | 16 August | Successful
Maiden flight of Skylark Micro. Apogee: 26,86 km.[376]
2 September
07:03[378] |  Minuteman-III |  |  Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-04  |  US Air Force
1x RV  | US Air Force | Suborbital  | Test flight | 2 September | Successful
Mission GT-233GM
8 September
18:00[379] |  Black Brant IX |  |  White Sands Missile Range |  NASA
DUST-2  | NASA / JAXA | Suborbital  | Formation and growth of small particles | 8 September | Successful
Apogee: 346 kilometres (215 mi)
19 September
00:39  |  T-Minus Engineering Dart  | TED-1  |  Koonibba Test Range  |  T-Minus Engineering
DEWC-SP1  | DEWC Systems  | Suborbital  | Miniaturized Orbital Electronic Warfare Sensor System | 19 September | Successful
First flight of the T-minus Dart. First Dutch space launch
19 September
02:19  |  T-Minus Engineering Dart  | TED-2  |  Koonibba Test Range  |  T-Minus Engineering
DEWC-SP2  | DEWC Systems  | Suborbital  | Miniaturized Orbital Electronic Warfare Sensor System | 19 September | Successful
Flew 1 hour and 40 minutes after the previous flight.
13 October
13:36[380] |  New Shepard | NS-13  |  Corn Ranch |  Blue Origin
Crew Capsule 2.0  | Blue Origin | Suborbital  | Test flight/Payload delivery | 13 October | Successful
Postcards[381] | Club For The Future  | Suborbital  | Education | 13 October | Successful
7th flight of the same capsule and booster. Onboard payloads include Space Lab Technologies, Southwest Research Institute, seeds and postcards for Club for the Future, and multiple payloads for NASA including SPLICE to test future lunar landing technologies in support of the Artemis program. A Sealandic postcard was the first payload from Sealand to be sent into space.
29 October
19:27 [382] |  Minuteman-III |  |  Vandenberg Air Force Base LF-09  |  US Air Force
1x RV  | US Air Force | Suborbital  | Test flight | 29 October | Successful
Mission GT-236GM
29 October[383] |  SR-0  |  |  Sinop  |  Roketsan
| Roketsan  | Suborbital  | Test flight | 29 October | Successful
Apogee 136 kilometers (84.5 mi).
2 November
10:20[384] |  Black Brant IX |  |  White Sands Missile Range |  NASA
DEUCE  | NASA | Suborbital  | Astronomy | 2 November | Successful
Apogee: 285 kilometres (177 mi)
17 November
05:50[385][386] |  ICBM-T2  | FTM-44  |  Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site |  US Missile Defense Agency
SM-3 target  |  | Suborbital  | Target for SM-3 FMT-44 | 17 November | Successful
ICBM target for and intercepted by SM-3 FMT-44.
17 November
[385][386] |  SM-3 Block IIA  | FTM-44  |  USS John Finn |  US Missile Defense Agency/U.S. Navy
Kill vehicle  |  U.S. Navy | Suborbital  | ICBM interceptor | 17 November | Successful
Intercepted ICBM-T2 in space.
9 December
[387][388] |  R-29RMU  |  |  Karelia (submarine), Barents Sea  |  Russian Ministry of Defense
1x RV?  |  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 9 December | Successful
9 December
[387][389] |  RS-24 Yars  |  |  Plesetsk cosmodrome  |  Russian Ministry of Defense
1x RV?  |  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 9 December | Successful
12 December
16:15 [391] |  SpaceShipTwo | 19  |  Spaceport America |  Virgin Galactic
VSS Unity | Virgin Galactic | Suborbital | Crewed spaceflight | 12 December | Aborted
First attempted crewed spaceflight from New Mexico. One second after ignition, the spacecraft's engine aborted, and shut down. The two crewmembers aboard, David Mackay and Frederick Sturckow, piloted the spacecraft to a safe landing.[390]
12 December[392] |  RSM-56 Bulava |  |  K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk  |  Russian Ministry of Defense
1x RV  | Russian Ministry of Defense  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 12 December | Successful
Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
12 December |  RSM-56 Bulava |  |  K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk  |  Russian Ministry of Defense
1x RV  | Russian Ministry of Defense  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 12 December | Successful
Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
12 December |  RSM-56 Bulava |  |  K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk  |  Russian Ministry of Defense
1x RV  | Russian Ministry of Defense  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 12 December | Successful
Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
12 December |  RSM-56 Bulava |  |  K-551 Vladimir Monomakh (submarine), Sea of Okhotsk  |  Russian Ministry of Defense
1x RV  | Russian Ministry of Defense  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 12 December | Successful
Rapid launch of four intercontinental ballistic missiles.
16 December
[393] |  PL-19 "Nudol"  |  |  Plesetsk cosmodrome  |
|  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 16 December | Successful
Anti-satellite missile test

## Launches from the Moon

[edit]

\-  Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks
3 December
15:10 [394][395] |  Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle  |  | Chang'e 5 descent stage, Mons Rümker | CNSA
Lunar soil sample container  | CNSA | Selenocentric orbit  | Sample return | 7 December 2020 | Successful
Sample return mission. First flight of the Chang'e ascent stage. Rendezvoused and docked with the Chang'e 5 Earth return vehicle to transfer lunar soil samples for return to Earth.

## Deep-space rendezvous

[edit]

Date (UTC)  | Spacecraft  | Event  | Remarks

|
|
|

29 January[396] | Parker Solar Probe | 4th perihelion |
17 February[397] | Juno | 25th perijove of Jupiter |
10 April[397] | Juno | 26th perijove  |
10 April 04:25[398] | BepiColombo | Gravity assist at Earth |
2 June[397] | Juno | 27th perijove  |
7 June[399] | Parker Solar Probe | 5th perihelion  |
11 July[400] | Parker Solar Probe | Third gravity assist at Venus |
25 July[397] | Juno | 28th perijove  |
16 September[397] | Juno | 29th perijove  |
27 September[401] | Parker Solar Probe | 6th perihelion  |
16 October 03:58[402] | BepiColombo | First gravity assist at Venus  |
20 October[403] | OSIRIS-REx | Touch-and-go maneuver on Bennu for sampling  |
8 November[397] | Juno | 30th perijove  |
28 November  | Chang'e 5 | Lunar orbital insertion [404] |
1 December[405] | Chang'e 5 lander and ascent vehicle  | Lunar landing  | Sample return mission successfully landed in Mons Rümker region of Oceanus Procellarum, coordinates 43°03′27″N 51°54′58″E﻿ / ﻿43.0576°N 51.9161°E﻿ / 43.0576; 51.9161.
5 December[406] | Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle and orbiter  | Lunar orbit rendezvous | First-ever robotic rendezvous and docking in lunar orbit
5 December [407] | Hayabusa2 | Sample return to Earth  |
7 December[408] | Chang'e 5 ascent vehicle  | Lunar impact  | Intentional de-orbit following docking and transfer of samples to orbiter and reentry capsule
13 December[408] | Chang'e 5 orbiter and reentry capsule  | Trans-Earth injection |
16 December[408] | Chang'e 5 reentry capsule  | Lunar sample return  | Perform a skip reentry to reduce the heating loads
26 December  | Solar Orbiter | First gravity assist at Venus [409] |
30 December[397] | Juno | 31st perijove  |

## Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

[edit]

Start Date/Time  | Duration  | End Time  | Spacecraft  | Crew  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|

15 January 18:04  | 7 hours 29 minutes | 01:33  |  Expedition 61

ISS Quest

|  Christina Koch

Jessica Meir

During the 7-hour, 29-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts successfully replaced nickel-hydrogen batteries with newer, more powerful lithium-ion batteries for the power channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays.[410]

20 January 17:33  | 6 hours 58 minutes | 00:31  | Expedition 61

ISS Quest

|  Christina Koch

Jessica Meir

During the six hour and 58-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts successfully completed the battery upgrade for one channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays.

Work included removing the last two nickel-hydrogen batteries from this area of the station's backbone near the port solar array and moving them to an external platform. The batteries will be stored there until they can be disposed of in the next Japanese HTV cargo spacecraft after it delivers tons of supplies to the space station later this year. Meir and Koch also installed the sixth and final new lithium-ion battery, and ground controllers verified the new batteries powered up successfully to provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for station operations.[411]

25 January 11:04  | 6 hours 16 minutes | 17:20  | Expedition 61

ISS Quest

|  Andrew Morgan

Luca Parmitano

During the 6 hour, 16 minute spacewalk, the two astronauts successfully completed leak checks for the cooling system on the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) and opened a valve to being pressurizing the system. Preliminary testing shows AMS is responding as expected.[412]

26 June 11:02  | 6 hours 7 minutes | 17:39  | Expedition 63

ISS Quest

|  Chris Cassidy

Robert Behnken

|  The spacewalkers removed five of six aging nickel-hydrogen batteries for one of two power channels for the starboard 6 (S6) truss, installed two of three new lithium-ion batteries, and installed two of three associated adapter plates that are used to complete the power circuit to the new batteries. Mission control reports that the two new batteries are working.

The two NASA astronauts completed all the work planned for this first of four spacewalks to replace batteries that provide power for the station's solar arrays on the starboard truss of the complex as well as initial tasks originally planned for the second scheduled spacewalk next Wednesday. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations.[413]
1 July 11:13  | 6 hours 1 minutes | 17:14  | Expedition 63

ISS Quest

|  Chris Cassidy

Robert Behnken

During the six hour and one-minute spacewalk, the two NASA astronauts completed half the work to upgrade the batteries that provide power for one channel on one pair of the station's solar arrays. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations.

They successfully moved and connected one new, powerful lithium-ion battery and its adapter place to complete the circuit to the new battery and relocated one aging nickel-hydrogen battery to an external platform for future disposal.[414]

16 July 11:10  | 6 hours  | 17:10  | Expedition 63

ISS Quest

|  Chris Cassidy

Robert Behnken

The two NASA astronauts completed all the work to replace batteries that provide power for the International Space Station's solar arrays on the starboard truss of the complex. The new batteries provide an improved and more efficient power capacity for operations.

The spacewalkers removed six aging nickel-hydrogen batteries for the second of two power channels for the starboard 6 (S6) truss, installed three new lithium-ion batteries, and installed the three associated adapter plates that are used to complete the power circuit to the new batteries.[415]

21 July 11:12  | 5 hours 29 minutes | 16:41  | Expedition 63

ISS Quest

|  Chris Cassidy

Robert Behnken

The two NASA astronauts installed a protective storage unit that includes two Robotic External Leak Locator (RELL) units the Canadian Space Agency's Dextre robot can use to detect leaks of ammonia, which is used to operate the station's cooling system. They removed two lifting fixtures at the base of station solar arrays on the near port truss, or backbone, of the station. The "H-fixtures" were used for ground processing of the solar arrays prior to their launch.

They then completed tasks to prepare the outside of the Tranquility module for the arrival later this year of the Nanoracks commercial airlock on a SpaceX cargo delivery mission. They also routed Ethernet cables and removed a lens filter cover from an external camera.[416]

18 November 15:12  | 6 hours 48 minutes | 22:00  | Expedition 64

Poisk Airlock

|  Sergey Ryzhikov

Sergey Kud-Sverchkov

Spacewalk was conducted using Poisk Module airlock for the first time in 11 years.

This spacewalk includes works in preparation of Pirs module decommissioning and departure: relocated antenna and repositioned instruments Replacement of fluid flow regulator was not done as astronauts were unable to open new module compartment, this task was deferred to a future spacewalk.[417]

## Orbital launch statistics

[edit]

See also: Timeline of spaceflight

### By country

[edit]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket. Launches from the Moon are not included in the statistics.

Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial
failures

|
|
|
|

|  China | 39 | 35 | 4 | 0
|  France | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0
|  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0
|  Iran | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0
|  Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0
|  Italy | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0
|  Japan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0
|  Russia | 17[b] | 17 | 0 | 0
|  United States | 44[c] | 40 | 4 | 0
World | 114 | 107 | 10 | 0

### By rocket

[edit]

Antares

Ariane

Atlas

Electron

Falcon

H-II

Kuaizhou

Long March

PSLV

R-7

Vega

Others

* Antares 230+
* Ariane 5
* Atlas V
* Electron
* Falcon 9 new
* Falcon 9 reused
* Falcon Heavy
* H-IIA
* H-IIB
* Kuaizhou 1A
* Kuaizhou 11
* Long March 2
* Long March 3
* Long March 4
* Long March 5
* Long March 6
* Long March 7
* Long March 8
* Long March 11
* PSLV
* Soyuz-2 (Russia)
* Soyuz-ST (Europe)
* Vega
* Others

#### By family

[edit]

Family  | Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|

Angara |  Russia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Antares |  United States | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Ariane |  France | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Astra |  United States | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | Maiden flight
Atlas |  United States | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Ceres |  China | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Delta |  United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Electron |  United States | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
Falcon |  United States | 25 | 25 | 0 | 0 |
H-II |  Japan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Kuaizhou |  China | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
LauncherOne |  United States | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March |  China | 34 | 32 | 2 | 0 |
Minotaur |  United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
PSLV |  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
R-7 |  Russia | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Safir |  Iran | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Shavit 2 |  Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Simorgh |  Iran | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Universal Rocket |  Russia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Vega |  Italy | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |

#### By type

[edit]

Rocket  | Country  | Family  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Angara A5 |  Russia | Angara | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Antares 200 |  United States | Antares | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Ariane 5 |  France | Ariane | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V |  United States | Atlas | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Ceres-1 |  China | Ceres | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Delta IV |  United States | Delta | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Electron |  United States | Electron | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
Falcon 9 |  United States | Falcon | 25 | 25 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIA |  Japan | H-II | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIB |  Japan | H-II | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight
Kuaizhou |  China | Kuaizhou | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
LauncherOne |  United States | LauncherOne | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March 2 |  China | Long March | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 3 |  China | Long March | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
Long March 4 |  China | Long March | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 5 |  China | Long March | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 6 |  China | Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 7 |  China | Long March | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Long March 8 |  China | Long March | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March 11 |  China | Long March | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Minotaur IV |  United States | Minotaur | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
PSLV |  India | PSLV | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Proton |  Russia | Universal Rocket | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Qased |  Iran | Safir | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Rocket 3 |  United States | Astra | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | Maiden flight
Shavit 2 |  Israel | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Simorgh |  Iran | Simorgh | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Soyuz-2 |  Russia | R-7 | 15 | 15 | 0 | 0 |
Vega |  Italy | Vega | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |

#### By configuration

[edit]

Rocket  | Country  | Type  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Angara A5 / Briz-M |  Russia | Angara A5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Antares 230+ |  United States | Antares | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Ariane 5 ECA |  France | Ariane 5 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V 411 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight
Atlas V 501 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V 531 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V 541 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Atlas V 551 |  United States | Atlas V | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Delta IV Heavy |  United States | Delta IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Ceres-1 |  China | Ceres-1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Electron |  United States | Electron | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
Falcon 9 Block 5 |  United States | Falcon 9 | 25 | 25 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIA 202 |  Japan | H-IIA | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
H-IIB |  Japan | H-IIB | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Final flight
Kuaizhou 1A |  China | Kuaizhou | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
Kuaizhou 11 |  China | Kuaizhou | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
LauncherOne |  United States | LauncherOne | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March 2C |  China | Long March 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 2D |  China | Long March 2 | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 2F/T |  China | Long March 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 3B/E |  China | Long March 3 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 |
Long March 4B |  China | Long March 4 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 4C |  China | Long March 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 5 |  China | Long March 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 5B |  China | Long March 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March 6 |  China | Long March 6 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Long March 7A |  China | Long March 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March 8 |  China | Long March 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Long March 11 |  China | Long March 11 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Minotaur IV |  United States | Minotaur IV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Proton-M / Briz-M |  Russia | Proton | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
PSLV-XL |  India | PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
PSLV-DL |  India | PSLV | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Qased |  Iran | Qased | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Maiden flight
Rocket 3 |  United States | Rocket 3 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | Maiden flight
Shavit 2 |  Israel | Shavit | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Simorgh |  Iran | Simorgh | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Soyuz-2.1a |  Russia | Soyuz-2 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz-2.1a / Fregat-M or ST-A |  Russia | Soyuz-2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M or ST-B |  Russia | Soyuz-2 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
Vega |  Italy | Vega | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |

### By spaceport

[edit]

China

France

India

Iran

Israel

Japan

Kazakhstan

New Zealand

Russia

United States

* Jiuquan
* Taiyuan
* Wenchang
* Xichang
* Yellow Sea
* Kourou
* Satish Dhawan
* Semnan
* Shahroud
* Palmachim
* Tanegashima
* Baikonur
* Mahia
* Plesetsk
* Vostochny
* Cape Canaveral
* Kennedy
* MARS
* Mojave
* PSCA
* Vandenberg

Site  | Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial failures  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|

Baikonur |  Kazakhstan | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Cape Canaveral |  United States | 20 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
Jiuquan |  China | 13 | 11 | 2 | 0 |
Kennedy |  United States | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
Kourou |  France | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
Mahia |  New Zealand | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
MARS |  United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Mojave |  United States | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
PSCA |  United States | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Palmachim |  Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Plesetsk |  Russia | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Satish Dhawan |  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Shahroud |  Iran | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | First orbital launch
Semnan |  Iran | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Taiyuan |  China | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 |
Tanegashima |  Japan | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Vandenberg |  United States | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Vostochny |  Russia | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Wenchang |  China | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
Xichang |  China | 13 | 12 | 1 | 0 |
Yellow Sea |  China | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 114 | 104 | 10 | 0 |

### By orbit

[edit]

Low Earth

Medium Earth / Molniya

Geosynchronous / transfer

High Earth / Lunar transfer

Heliocentric

* Low Earth
* Low Earth (ISS)
* Low Earth (SSO)
* Low Earth (retrograde)
* Medium Earth
* Molniya
* Geosychronous
* Lunar transfer
* Heliocentric

Orbital regime  | Launches  | Achieved  | Not achieved  | Accidentally
achieved  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|

Transatmospheric | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Low Earth / Sun-synchronous | 82 | 74 | 8 | 0 | Including flights to the ISS
Geosynchronous / GTO | 19 | 17 | 2 | 0 |
Medium Earth / Molniya | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
High Earth / Lunar transfer | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Heliocentric orbit / Planetary transfer | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 |
Total | 114 | 104 | 10 | 0 |

## Suborbital launch statistics

[edit]

### By country

[edit]

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of suborbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. Flights intended to fly below 80 km (50 mi) are omitted.

Country  | Launches  | Successes  | Failures  | Partial
failures

|
|
|
|

|  Canada | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0
|  France | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0
|  India | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0
|  Israel | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0
|  Japan | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0
|  Netherlands | 2[d] | 2 | 0 | 0
|  Russia | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0
|  Turkey | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0
|  United States | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0
World | 31 | 30 | 1 | 0

## First successful orbital launch

[edit]

* Ceres-1
* Long March 5B
* Long March 8
* Qased

## See also

[edit]

* Timeline of Solar System exploration#2020s
* 2020 SO, a near-Earth object orbiting Earth and Sun that was confirmed to be a remnant of 1966 in spaceflight in December[418]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Clockwise from top:

* NASA astronauts Bob Behnken (L) and Doug Hurley (R) of the Crew Dragon Demo-2 mission launched in May 2020, the first-ever crewed orbital spaceflight operated by a commercial provider, and the first crewed orbital launch from the United States since 2011.
* Sequence of photographs of the surface of the asteroid Bennu being sampled by OSIRIS-REx for return to Earth.
* Operation of the International Space Station by a regular full-time crew of seven commences for the first time in the facility's history in November 2020 during Expedition 64.
* Launch of the Chinese Chang'e 5 mission atop a Long March 5 rocket in November 2020. Chang'e 5 was the first sample-return mission to the Moon since Luna 24 in 1976.

2. ^ Includes two European Soyuz launches from Kourou, French Guiana by Arianespace.
3. ^ Includes seven Electron launches from Mahia
4. ^ Includes T-Minus Dart launches from Australia.

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409. ^ "Solar Orbiter: Mission Operations". ESA. 12 February 2020. Archived from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
410. ^ Garcia, Mark (15 January 2020). "Astronauts Wrap Up First Spacewalk of 2020". NASA. Archived from the original on 15 January 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
411. ^ Garcia, Mark (20 January 2020). "Meir, Koch Complete Battery Swaps to Upgrade Station Power Systems". NASA. Archived from the original on 24 January 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
412. ^ Garcia, Mark (25 January 2020). "Astronauts Wrap Up Spacewalk Repair Job on Cosmic Ray Detector". NASA. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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416. ^ Heiney, Anna (21 July 2020). "NASA Behnken and Cassidy Conclude Ten Spacewalks Each". NASA. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
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418. ^ Talbert, Tricia (2 December 2020). "New Data Confirm 2020 SO to be 1960s Upper Centaur Rocket Booster". NASA. Retrieved 16 January 2021.

## External links

[edit]

* Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
* Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
* Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
* Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
* Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
* McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
* Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
* Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
* Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
* Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
* "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
* "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
* "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
* "Rocket Launch Manifest". Next Spaceflight.
* "Space Launch Plans". Novosti Kosmonavtiki.

Generic references:

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Spaceflight portal

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Timeline of spaceflight

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2020s|

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* Future

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← 2019

Orbital launches in 2020

2021 →

January|

* Starlink V1.0-L2 (60 satellites)
* TJS-5
* Jilin-1 Kuanfu-01, ÑuSat 7, ÑuSat 8
* Eutelsat Konnect, GSAT-30
* Starlink V1.0-L3 (60 satellites)
* USA-294

February|

* OneWeb L2 (34 satellites)
* IGS-Optical 7
* Solar Orbiter (TechEdSat-10)
* Cygnus NG-13
* Starlink V1.0-L4 (60 satellites)
* Chollian-2B
* JCSAT-17
* Meridian-M 9

March|

* SpaceX CRS-20 (Lynk 04)
* BeiDou-3 G2Q
* Kosmos 2545 / GLONASS-M 760
* Starlink V1.0-L5 (60 satellites)
* OneWeb L3 (34 satellites)
* Yaogan 30-06 (3 satellites)
* USA-298 / AEHF-6

April|

* Soyuz MS-16
* Noor
* Starlink V1.0-L6 (60 satellites)
* Progress MS-14

May|

* Chinese next-generation crewed spacecraft / Flexible Inflatable Cargo Return Module
* Xingyun-2 01, 02
* X-37B OTV-6 / FalconSAT-8
* HTV-9
* EKS-4
* LauncherOne†,
* Starshine 4†
* XJS-G, XJS-H
* Crew Dragon Demo-2

June|

* Starlink 7 (60 satellites)
* Starlink 8 (58 satellites)

July|

* Gaofen DUOMO
* Flock-4e × 5†
* Shiyan 6-02
* Ofek-16
* Apstar 6D
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-02E†
* USA-305, USA-306, USA-307, USA-308
* Emirates Mars Mission
* ANASIS-II
* Tianwen-1 (Zhurong)
* Progress MS-15
* Ziyuan III-03
* Mars 2020 (Perseverance, Ingenuity)
* Ekspress-80, Ekspress-103

August|

* Gaofen 9-04
* Starlink V1.0-L9 (57 satellites), BlackSky Global 7, BlackSky Global 8
* BSAT-4b, Galaxy 30, MEV-2
* Starlink V1.0-L10 (58 satellites), SkySat × 3
* Gaofen 9-05
* SAOCOM 1B
* Capella 2, Photon First Light

September|

* ION-SCV 001 (Flock-4v × 12), ÑuSat 6, UPM-Sat 2, Flock-4v × 14, Lemur-2 × 8, NAPA-1, SpaceBEE × 12
* Starlink V1.0-L11 (60 satellites)
* Chinese reusable experimental spacecraft
* Gaofen 11-02
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-02C†
* Jilin-1 Gaofen-03B × 6, Jilin-1 Gaofen-03C × 3
* HaiYang 2C
* Huanjing 2A, Huanjing 2B
* Gonets-M × 3, ICEYE X6, ICEYE X7, Kepler 4, Kepler 5, LacunaSat-3, Lemur-2 × 4

October|

* Cygnus NG-14 (Lemur-2 × 2, SPOC)
* Starlink V1.0-L12 (60 satellites)
* Gaofen-13
* Soyuz MS-17
* Starlink V1.0-L13 (60 satellites)
* Starlink V1.0-L14 (60 satellites)
* Kosmos 2547 / GLONASS-K 15L
* Yaogan 30-07 (3 satellites)
* Flock-4e' × 9

November|

* USA-309 / GPS IIIA-04
* ÑuSat × 10
* EOS-01 / RISAT-2BR2, KSM × 4, Lemur-2 × 4
* Tiantong-1 02
* USA-310 / NROL-101
* SpaceX Crew-1
* SEOSat-Ingenio†, TARANIS†
* Landmapper-BC 5, SpaceBEE × 18
* Sentinel-6
* Chang'e 5
* Starlink V1.0 L15 (60 satellites)

December|

* Gonets-M × 3, Kosmos 2548 / ERA-1
* Gaofen 14
* SpaceX CRS-21 (Nanoracks Bishop Airlock)
* GECAM A, GECAM B
* USA-311 / Orion 10
* SXM-7
* CMS-01 / GSAR-12R
* OneWeb L4 (36 satellites)
* USA-312, USA-313
* Yaogan 33
* CSO-2

Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
Crewed flights are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).

* v
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2019 in space

* « 2018

2020 »

Space probe
launches |

* Beresheet (lunar lander; Feb 2019)
* LightSail 2 (solar sail demonstration; Jun 2019)
* Chandrayaan-2 / Vikram / Pragyan (lunar obiter, lander and rover; Jul 2019)

Impact events|

* Kamchatka meteor (announced)
* 2019 MO

Selected NEOs|

* Asteroid close approaches
* 2018 XB4
* 2019 AS5
* 2016 AZ8
* 66391 Moshup
* 2019 OK
* 1620 Geographos
* 2006 QV89
* 2100 Ra-Shalom
* 2019 SU3
* 2019 TA7
* 2019 UN13

Exoplanets |

* AD Leonis b
* Beta Pictoris c
* DS Tucanae b
* Gliese 251 c
* Gliese 357 d
* Gliese 588
* b
* c
* Gliese 687 c
* Gliese 555 b
* Gliese 754 b
* Gliese 784 b
* HR 5183 b
* Kepler-47d confirmed
* K2-288Bb
* L 1159-16
* b
* c
* d
* LP 816-60 b
* LTT 1445 Ab
* Luyten's Star
* d
* e
* PDS 70c
* Proxima Centauri c
* Struve 2398
* Bb
* Bc
* Tau Ceti i (hypothesized)
* Teegarden's Star
* b
* c
* V1298 Tauri
* b
* c
* d
* e
* Wolf 359
* b
* c

Discoveries|

* 2019 AQ3
* ASASSN-19bt
* AT2019qiz
* GRB 190114C
* EPIC 204376071
* GW190412
* GW190521g (first-ever light from bh-bh merger)
* GW190814 (first-ever "mass-gap" collision)
* J043947.08+163415.7
* K2-18b water vapor
* M87* imaged
* PSR J0030+0451 mapped
* PSR J0740+6620
* S5-HVS1
* 2I/Borisov
* 20 moons of Saturn
* WD 0145+234 detection of exoasteroid disruption
* WD J0914+1914

Comets |

* C/2018 Y1 (Iwamoto)
* 78P/Gehrels
* 168P/Hergenrother
* 163P/NEAT
* 138P/Shoemaker–Levy
* 171P/Spahr
* 289P/Blanpain

Space exploration|

* New Horizons (encounter with 486958 Arrokoth; Dec 2018 / Jan 2019)
* Chang'e 4 / Yutu-2 (landing on the far side of the Moon; Jan 2019)
* Opportunity (end of mission; Aug 2018 / Feb 2019)
* Hayabusa2 (departure from 162173 Ryugu; Dec 2019)

* Outer space portal
* Category:2018 in outer space — Category:2019 in outer space — Category:2020 in outer space

Portal:

* Spaceflight

*[v]: View this template
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*[⚀]: CubeSat
*[TBA]: To be announced