2023 Houston mayoral election

* * *

| <- 2019 | November 7, 2023 (first round)
December 9, 2023 (runoff) | 2027 ->

|
|

|  |  |

|
|

Candidate  | John Whitmire | Sheila Jackson Lee
First round  | 107,410
42.50% | 90,093
35.64%
Runoff | 129,495
64.42% | 71,523
35.58%

* * *

|  |
Candidate  | Gilbert Garcia  | Jack Christie
First round  | 18,220
7.21%  | 17,364
6.87%
Runoff | Eliminated | Eliminated

* * *

| Mayor before election

Sylvester Turner

| Elected mayor

John Whitmire

|

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The 2023 Houston mayoral election was held on November 7, 2023, with a runoff on December 9 because no candidate won a majority of the vote in the first round. It was held to elect the mayor of Houston, Texas. Incumbent Democratic mayor Sylvester Turner was term-limited and could not seek re-election to a third term in office. Municipal elections in Texas are officially nonpartisan.[1]

Two longtime fixtures of Houston politics, state senator John Whitmire and U.S. representative Sheila Jackson Lee, advanced to the runoff. Both were Democrats, though Whitmire had drawn support from some Republicans while Turner endorsed Jackson Lee as his successor. Polls of the runoff consistently showed wide leads for Whitmire. Candidates eliminated in the first round include bond investor Gilbert Garcia and former at-large city councilor Jack Christie, the leading Republican candidate.

Whitmire prevailed in the runoff, defeating Jackson Lee in a landslide victory.[2]

## Candidates

[edit]

### Advanced to runoff

[edit]

* Sheila Jackson Lee, U.S. representative for Texas's 18th congressional district (party affiliation: Democratic)[3]
* John Whitmire, state senator and brother-in-law of former mayor Kathy Whitmire (party affiliation: Democratic)[4]

### Eliminated in the first round

[edit]

* Derrick Broze, investigative journalist and candidate for mayor in 2019 (party affiliation: Libertarian)[5]
* Jack Christie, former at-large city council member and former chair of the Texas State Board of Education (party affiliation: Republican)[6]
* Robert Gallegos, city council member (party affiliation: Democratic)[7]
* Gilbert Garcia, bond investor and former chair of the Houston Metro Board of Directors[8] (party affiliation: Democratic)[9]
* Ralph Garcia[10]
* Naoufal Houjami, entertainment consultant and candidate for mayor in 2019[10]
* Lee Kaplan, attorney (party affiliation: Democratic)[11]
* M.J. Khan, former city council member and former president of the Islamic Society of Greater Houston (party affiliation: Republican)[12]
* Julian Antonio Martinez, business owner[13]
* Chanel Mbala, IT professional and Uber driver (party affiliation: Independent)[14]
* Rickey Tezino, community activist[10]
* Robin Williams, police officer and U.S. Marine Corps veteran (party affiliation: Democratic)[15]

### Withdrew

[edit]

* Amanda Edwards, former at-large city council member and candidate for U.S. Senate in 2020 (party affiliation: Democratic)[16] (ran unsuccessfully for U.S. House, endorsed Jackson Lee)[17]
* Chris Hollins, member of the Houston Metro Board of Directors, former acting Harris County Clerk, and former vice chair of the Texas Democratic Party (party affiliation: Democratic) (ran successfully for City Controller)[18]

### Declined

[edit]

* Tony Buzbee, attorney and runner-up for mayor in 2019 (party affiliation: Independent) (ran unsuccessfully for city council)[19][20]

## First round

[edit]

### Endorsements

[edit]

Gilbert Garcia

Organizations

* Latino Victory Fund[21]

Chris Hollins (withdrawn)

State representatives

* Joe Deshotel, former state representative from the 22nd district (1999–2023)[22]
* Barbara Gervin-Hawkins, state representative from the 120th district (2017–present)[22]

Local officials

* Steve Adler, former mayor of Austin (2015–2023)[22]

Sheila Jackson Lee

Federal officials

* Hillary Clinton, former U.S. Secretary of State (2009–2013)[23]
* Arthur Louis Schechter, former United States Ambassador to the Bahamas (1998–2001)[24]

U.S. representatives

* Hakeem Jeffries, House Minority Leader (2023-present) from NY-08 (2013-present)[25]
* Beto O'Rourke, TX-16 (2013–2019) and 2020 Democratic presidential candidate[26]
* Nancy Pelosi, Speaker Emerita (2007–2011, 2019–2023) from CA-11 (1987–present)[26]

State representatives

* Alma Allen, state representative from the 131st district (2005–present)[27]
* Ron Reynolds, state representative from the 27th district (2011–present)[28]
* Senfronia Thompson, state representative from the 141st district (1973–present)[29]

Municipal officials

* Rodney Ellis, Harris County commissioner from the 1st precinct (2017–present) and former state senator from the 13th district (1990–2017)[30]
* Eric Fagan, Fort Bend County Sheriff (2021–present)[27]
* Lina Hidalgo, Harris County Judge (2019–present)[31]
* Christian Menefee, Harris County Attorney (2021–present)[24]
* Grady Prestage, Fort Bend County commissioner from the 2nd precinct (1990–present)[32]
* Bridgette Smith-Lawson, Fort Bend County district attorney (2021–present)[27]
* Beverly Walker, Fort Bend County district clerk (2018–present)[32]

Local officials

* Karen Bass, mayor of Los Angeles (2022–present) and former U.S. representative from CA-37 (2011–2022)[33]
* Jeffrey Boney, Missouri City councilor from district B (2017–present)[27]
* Amanda Edwards, former at-large city council member (2016–2020) and former 2023 mayoral candidate[17]
* Samuel Peña, Houston Fire Department Chief (2016–2024)[28]
* Letitia Plummer, at-large Houston city council member for Position 4 (2020–present)[28]
* Tiffany Thomas, Houston city council member from district F (2019–present)[32]

Party officials

* Lillie Schechter, former Harris County Democratic Party Chair (2017–2021)[24]

Individuals

* Tanweer Ahmed, owner of Houston Hurricanes[24]
* Magic Johnson, former coach and professional basketball player of the Los Angeles Lakers[34]
* Olivia Julianna, activist and political strategist[35]

Labor unions

* American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees Local 1550[36]
* American Federation of Teachers \- Houston (2415) (previously endorsed Whitmire),[37] Houston Educational Support Personnel (6315), Aldine (6345), Cy-Fair High School (6448), Northeast Houston (6568), and Alief (6346) chapters[36]
* Central South Carpenters Local 551[24]
* Coalition of Black Trade Unionists[36]
* Communication Workers of America District 6 and Locals 6186 and 6222[28][38]
* Harris County Afro American Sheriff’s Deputies Union[36]
* Houston Black Firefighters Association[36]
* International Union of Painters and Allied Trades Local 210 and District Council 10[36][32]
* Service Employees International Union Texas[39]
* Transport Workers Union of America Local 260[36]

Organizations

* Annie's List[40]
* EMILY's List[41]
* ~~Harris County Young Democrats~~[42] (co-endorsement withdrawn; solely endorsed Whitmire)[43]
* Houston LGBTQ+ Political Caucus[44]
* Our Revolution[45]
* Progressive Change Campaign Committee[46]

John Whitmire

Federal officials

* Lee Brown, former Office of National Drug Control Policy Director (1993–1996) and Mayor of Houston (1998–2004)[47]

U.S. representatives

* Sylvia Garcia, U.S. representative from Texas's 29th congressional district (2019–present)[48]
* Gene Green, former U.S. representative from Texas's 29th congressional district (1993–2019)[31]

Statewide officials

* Todd Staples, former Texas Commissioner of Agriculture (2007–2014) (Republican)[49]

State senators

* Carol Alvarado, Minority Leader of the Texas Senate (2020–present) from the 6th district (2018–present)[49]
* Kevin Eltife, former president pro tempore of the Texas Senate (2015–2017) from the 1st district (2004–2017) (Republican)[49]

State representatives

* Ellen Cohen, former state representative from the 134th district (2007–2011) and former Houston city council member from district C (2012–2020)[49]
* Ana Hernandez, state representative from the 143rd district (2005–present)[50]
* Dan Huberty, former state representative from the 127th district (2011–2023) (Republican)[49]
* Christian Manuel, state representative from the 22nd district (2023–present)[51]
* Hubert Vo, state representative from the 149th district (2005–present)[51]
* Armando Walle, state representative from the 140th district (2009–present)[51]

Municipal officials

* Sherman Eagleton, Harris County constable from the 3rd precinct (2017–present)[51]
* Silvia Trevino, Harris County constable from the 6th precinct (2017–present)[32]

Local officials

* Paula Arnold, former president (1991–1992, 1996–1997) of the Houston Independent School District Board of Education (1990–1998)[52]
* Michael Berry, former at-large Houston City Council member (2002–2008) (Republican)[53]
* Alice Chen, Stafford City Councilor from Position 1 (2019–present)[51]
* Noel Freeman, Houston Public Works and Engineering Department Division Manager (2017–present) and former Houston LGBTQ+ Political Caucus President (2011–2014)[54]
* Elyse Lanier, former First Lady of Houston (1992–1998) and widow of former Houston Mayor Bob Lanier[51]
* Charles McClelland, former Houston Police Department Chief (2010–2016)[51]
* James Rodriguez, former Houston City Council member from district I (2008–2014)[51]
* Alton Smith, former chairman of the Lone Star College board of trustees from the 3rd district (2014–2020)[51]
* Greg Travis, former Houston city council member from district G (2016–2022) (Republican)[49]

Party officials

* Lane Lewis, former chair of the Harris County Democratic Party (2011–2016)[49]
* Farrukh Shamsi, former vice chair of the Texas Democratic Party (2012–2015)[51]

Individuals

* Tilman Fertitta, CEO of Landry's and owner of the Houston Rockets[55]
* Irma Galvan, restaurateur[51]
* Jim McIngvale, owner of Gallery Furniture (Republican)[55]
* John Nau, beverage executive[55]

Labor unions

* American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees Local 123[51]
* Houston Afro-American Police Officers League[51]
* ~~HoustonFederation of Teachers~~ (endorsement withdrawn after Jackson Lee entered the race)[37]
* Houston Fraternal Order of Police Lodges 39 and 110[49]
* International Association of Fire Fighters Local 341[56]
* International Longshoremen's Association \- International and the South Atlantic and Gulf District chapters[57]
* Texas Gulf Coast Area AFL-CIO[58]

Organizations

* American Council of Engineering Companies Houston PAC[59]
* Emgage Action Texas (endorsed only in the first round)[a][60]
* Greater Houston Builders Association PAC[61]
* Harris County Young Democrats[42] (previously co-endorsed with Jackson Lee)[43]
* Houston Association of Realtors[51]
* Houston Building Owners and Managers Association[62]

Newspapers and other media

* Houston Chronicle[63]

### Fundraising

[edit]

Some candidates have not filed financial disclosures. Those who have are listed below:

Campaign finance reports as of January 3, 2023[10]

Candidate  | Raised
Amanda Edwards  | $1,100,000
Chris Hollins  | $1,400,000
Lee Kaplan  | $1,300,000
John Whitmire  | $1,100,000
Robin Williams  | $189,000

### Polling

[edit]

Poll source  | Date(s)
administered  | Sample
size[b] | Margin
of error | Jack Christie  | Amanda
Edwards  | Gilbert Garcia  | Robert
Gallegos  | Chris
Hollins  | Sheila
Jackson Lee | Lee Kaplan  | MJ Khan  | John
Whitmire  | Other  | Undecided

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

University of Houston[64] | September 30–October 6, 2023  | 800 (LV)  | ± 3.5  | 4%  | –  | 4%  | 1%  | –  | 31% | 2%  | 1%  | 34% | 1%  | 22%
University of Houston[65] | July 12–20, 2023  | 800 (LV)  | ± 3.5  | –  | –  | 3%  | 2%  | –  | 32% | 2%  | 2%  | 34% | 3%[c] | 22%
Ragnar Research Partners[66][A] | February 21–23, 2023  | 500 (LV)  | ± 4.0%  | –  | 4%  | –  | 4%  | 5%  | 19% | –  | –  | 20% | 2%  | 46%

### Results

[edit]

2023 Houston mayoral election (first round)[67] Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

John Whitmire | 107,410  | 42.50
Sheila Jackson Lee | 90,093  | 35.64
Gilbert Garcia  | 18,220  | 7.21
Jack Christie  | 17,364  | 6.87
Lee Kaplan  | 6,645  | 2.63
Robert Gallegos | 2,679  | 1.06
M.J. Khan | 2,478  | 0.98
Annie "Mama" Garcia  | 1,979  | 0.78
Julian "Bemer" Antonio Martinez  | 1,813  | 0.72
Roy Vasquez  | 1,083  | 0.43
M. "Griff" Griffin  | 674  | 0.27
Kathy Lee Tatum  | 532  | 0.21
David C. Lowy  | 368  | 0.15
Chanel Mbala  | 356  | 0.14
Naoufal Houjami  | 352  | 0.14
Gaylon S. Caldwell  | 331  | 0.13
B. Ivy  | 287  | 0.11
Robin Williams  | 95  | 0.04
Total votes  | 252,759  | 100.00%

## Runoff

[edit]

### Endorsements

[edit]

Endorsements in bold were made after the first round.

Sheila Jackson Lee

Federal officials

* Bill Clinton, former President of the United States (1993–2001)[68]
* Hillary Clinton, former U.S. Secretary of State (2009–2013)[23]
* Arthur Louis Schechter, former United States Ambassador to the Bahamas (1998–2001)[24]

U.S. representatives

* Troy Carter, LA-2 (2021–present)[24]
* Steven Horsford, NV-4 (2013–2015, 2019–present) and chair of the Congressional Black Caucus (2023–present)[24]
* Hakeem Jeffries, House Minority Leader (2023-present) from NY-08 (2013-present)[25]
* Beto O'Rourke, TX-16 (2013–2019) and 2020 Democratic presidential candidate[26]
* Nancy Pelosi, Speaker Emerita (2007–2011, 2019–2023) from CA-11 (1987–present)[26]

State representatives

* Alma Allen, state representative from the 131st district (2005–present)[27]
* Jolanda Jones, state representative from the 147th district (2022–present)[69]
* Ron Reynolds, state representative from the 27th district (2011–present)[28]
* Senfronia Thompson, state representative from the 141st district (1973–present)[29]

Municipal officials

* Rodney Ellis, Harris County commissioner from the 1st precinct (2017–present) and former state senator from the 13th district (1990–2017)[30]
* Eric Fagan, Fort Bend County Sheriff (2021–present)[27]
* Lina Hidalgo, Harris County Judge (2019–present)[31]
* Christian Menefee, Harris County Attorney (2021–present)[24]
* Grady Prestage, Fort Bend County commissioner from the 2nd precinct (1990–present)[32]
* Bridgette Smith-Lawson, Fort Bend County district attorney (2021–present)[27]
* Beverly Walker, Fort Bend County district clerk (2018–present)[32]

Local officials

* Karen Bass, mayor of Los Angeles (2022–present) and former U.S. representative from CA-37 (2011–2022)[33]
* Jeffrey Boney, Missouri City councilor from district B (2017–present)[27]
* Amanda Edwards, former at-large city council member (2016–2020) and former 2023 mayoral candidate[17]
* Samuel Peña, Houston Fire Department Chief (2016–2024)[28]
* Letitia Plummer, at-large Houston city council member for Position 4 (2020–present)[28]
* Tiffany Thomas, Houston city council member from district F (2019–present)[32]
* Sylvester Turner, incumbent mayor of Houston (2016–2024)[70]
* Kathy Whitmire, former mayor of Houston (1982–1991)[71]

Party officials

* Lillie Schechter, former Harris County Democratic Party Chair (2017–2021)[24]

Individuals

* Tanweer Ahmed, owner of Houston Hurricanes[24]
* Mark Curry, actor[24]
* Jesse Jackson, civil rights activist, former United States Shadow Senator from the District of Columbia (1991–1997) and 1984 and 1988 Democratic presidential candidate[24]
* Magic Johnson, former coach and professional basketball player of the Los Angeles Lakers[34]
* Olivia Julianna, activist and political strategist[35]

Labor unions

* American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees Local 1550[36]
* American Federation of Teachers \- Houston (2415) (previously endorsed Whitmire),[37] Houston Educational Support Personnel (6315), Aldine (6345), Cy-Fair High School (6448), Northeast Houston (6568), and Alief (6346) chapters[36]
* Central South Carpenters Local 551[24]
* Coalition of Black Trade Unionists[36]
* Communication Workers of America District 6 and Locals 6186 and 6222[28][38]
* Harris County Afro American Sheriff’s Deputies Union[36]
* Houston Black Firefighters Association[36]
* International Union of Painters and Allied Trades Local 210 and District Council 10[36][32]
* Service Employees International Union Texas[39]
* Transport Workers Union of America Local 260[36]

Organizations

* Annie's List[40]
* EMILY's List[41]
* ~~Harris County Young Democrats~~[42](co-endorsement withdrawn; solely endorsed Whitmire)[43]
* Houston LGBTQ+ Political Caucus[44]
* Our Revolution[45]
* Progressive Change Campaign Committee[46]

John Whitmire

Federal officials

* Lee Brown, former Office of National Drug Control Policy Director (1993–1996) and Mayor of Houston (1998–2004)[47]
* Rod Paige, former United States Secretary of Education (2001–2005), former superintendent of the Houston Independent School District (1994–2001) (Republican)[68]

U.S. representatives

* Sylvia Garcia, U.S. representative from Texas's 29th congressional district (2019–present)[48]
* Gene Green, former U.S. representative from Texas's 29th congressional district (1993–2019)[31]

Statewide officials

* Todd Staples, former Texas Commissioner of Agriculture (2007–2014) (Republican)[49]

State senators

* Carol Alvarado, Minority Leader of the Texas Senate (2020–present) from the 6th district (2018–present)[49]
* Kevin Eltife, former president pro tempore of the Texas Senate (2015–2017) from the 1st district (2004–2017) (Republican)[49]

State representatives

* Ellen Cohen, former state representative from the 134th district (2007–2011) and former Houston city council member from district C (2012–2020)[49]
* Ana Hernandez, state representative from the 143rd district (2005–present)[50]
* Dan Huberty, former state representative from the 127th district (2011–2023) (Republican)[49]
* Christian Manuel, state representative from the 22nd district (2023–present)[51]
* Mary Ann Perez, state representative from the 144th district (2013–2015, 2017–present)[51]
* Hubert Vo, state representative from the 149th district (2005–present)[51]
* Armando Walle, state representative from the 140th district (2009–present)[51]

Municipal officials

* Sherman Eagleton, Harris County constable from the 3rd precinct (2017–present)[51]
* Silvia Trevino, Harris County constable from the 6th precinct (2017–present)[32]

Local officials

* Paula Arnold, former president (1991–1992, 1996–1997) of the Houston Independent School District Board of Education (1990–1998)[52]
* Michael Berry, former at-large Houston City Council member (2002–2008) (Republican)[53]
* Jew Don Boney, former mayor pro tempore of Houston (1998–2002) from district D (1996–2002)[51]
* Alice Chen, Stafford City Councilor from Position 1 (2019–present)[51]
* Jack Christie, former at-large city council member (2011–2017) and former 2023 mayoral candidate[69]
* Noel Freeman, Houston Public Works and Engineering Department Division Manager (2017–present) and former Houston LGBTQ+ Political Caucus President (2011–2014)[54]
* Robert Gallegos, Houston City Council member from district I (2014–2024) and former 2023 mayoral candidate[51]
* Tarsha Jackson, Houston City Council member from district B (2020–present)[72]
* Naushad Kermally, Sugar Land City Councilor from the 2nd district (2019–present)[51]
* Elyse Lanier, former First Lady of Houston (1992–1998) and widow of former Houston Mayor Bob Lanier[51]
* Joaquin Martinez, Houston City Council member-elect from district I (2024–present)[51]
* Charles McClelland, former Houston Police Department chief (2010–2016)[51]
* Annise Parker, former mayor of Houston (2010–2016) and LGBTQ+ Victory Fund president (2017–present)[73]
* James Rodriguez, former Houston City Council member from district I (2008–2014)[51]
* Alton Smith, former chairman of the Lone Star College board of trustees from the 3rd district (2014–2020)[51]
* Greg Travis, former Houston city council member from district G (2016–2022) (Republican)[49]

Party officials

* Lane Lewis, former chair of the Harris County Democratic Party (2011–2016)[49]
* Farrukh Shamsi, former vice chair of the Texas Democratic Party (2012–2015)[51]

Individuals

* Tilman Fertitta, CEO of Landry's and owner of the Houston Rockets[55]
* Irma Galvan, restaurateur[51]
* Jim McIngvale, owner of Gallery Furniture (Republican)[55]
* John Nau, beverage executive[55]

Labor unions

* American Federation of State County and Municipal Employees Local 123[51]
* Houston Afro-American Police Officers League[51]
* ~~HoustonFederation of Teachers~~ (endorsement withdrawn after Jackson Lee entered the race)[37]
* Houston Fraternal Order of Police Lodges 39 and 110[49]
* International Association of Fire Fighters Local 341[56]
* International Longshoremen's Association \- International and the South Atlantic and Gulf District chapters[57]
* Texas Gulf Coast Area AFL-CIO[58]

Organizations

* American Council of Engineering Companies Houston PAC[59]
* ~~Emgage Action Texas~~ (endorsed only in the first round)[a][60]
* Greater Houston Builders Association PAC[61]
* Harris County Young Democrats[42] (previously co-endorsed with Jackson Lee)[43]
* Houston Association of Realtors[51]
* Houston Building Owners and Managers Association[62]

Newspapers and other media

* Houston Chronicle[63]

### Polling

[edit]

Pollster  | Date(s)
administered  | Sample
size[b] | Margin
of error  | Sheila
Jackson Lee  | John
Whitmire  | Undecided  | Would not vote

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Survey USA[74] | November 13–18, 2023  | 805 (LV)  | ± 4.4%  | 35%  | 42% | 22%  | –
University of Houston[64] | September 30 – October 6, 2023  | 800 (LV)  | ± 3.5%  | 36%  | 50% | 9%  | 5%
University of Houston[65] | July 12–20, 2023  | 800 (LV)  | ± 3.5%  | 33%  | 51% | 13%  | 3%
Ragnar Research Partners[66][A] | February 21–23, 2023  | 500 (LV)  | ± 4.0%  | 33%  | 45% | 22%  | –

#### Hypothetical polls

[edit]

John Whitmire vs. Amanda Edwards

Pollster  | Date(s)
administered  | Sample
size[b] | Margin
of error  | Amanda
Edwards  | John
Whitmire  | Undecided

|
|
|
|
|
|

Ragnar Research Partners[66][A] | February 21–23, 2023  | 500 (LV)  | ± 4.0%  | 17%  | 41% | 43%

John Whitmire vs. Chris Hollins

Pollster  | Date(s)
administered  | Sample
size[b] | Margin
of error  | Chris
Hollins  | John
Whitmire  | Undecided

|
|
|
|
|
|

Ragnar Research Partners[66][A] | February 21–23, 2023  | 500 (LV)  | ± 4.0%  | 14%  | 39% | 47%

### Results

[edit]

2023 Houston mayoral election (runoff)[75][76][77] Candidate  | Votes  | %

|
|

John Whitmire | 129,495  | 64.42
Sheila Jackson Lee | 71,523  | 35.58
Total votes  | 201,018  | 100.00%

## Aftermath

[edit]

Shortly after her loss, Jackson Lee filed to run for re-election to the U.S. House of Representatives on December 11, 2023.[78][79] She would win the Democratic primary on March 5, 2024, but died on July 19, 2024.[80] Despite their previous rivalry, Whitmire would pay tribute to Lee, recalling how they worked together during the 2024 derecho.[81] Whitmire would also deliver opening remarks when Lee would lie in state at Houston City Hall on July 29, 2024.[82] Turner replaced Jackson Lee as the Democratic nominee and would go on to win in the same seat at the District 18 House election in November 2024 to succeed her.[83]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b Before the first round of the election, Emgage had endorsed Whitmire. That endorsement has not "rolled over" to the runoff, according to Palwasha Sharwani, due to "the attacks of Oct. 7."
2. ^ a b c d Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear
3. ^ Broze with 1%; Williams with 1%; others with 1%

Partisan clients

1. ^ a b c d This poll was sponsored by Protect and Serve Texas PAC and the Houston Region Business Coalition, both of which support Whitmire.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Gaston, Gina (February 8, 2022). "Former Harris County Clerk Chris Hollins running for Houston mayor in 2023". ABC13. Archived from the original on February 7, 2022. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
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3. ^ Svitek, Patrick (March 27, 2023). "U.S. Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee is running for Houston mayor". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
4. ^ Barragán, James (November 18, 2021). "State Sen. John Whitmire announces he will run for Houston mayor in 2023". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
5. ^ Jordan, Jay R. (March 27, 2023). "Democratic Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee announces bid for Houston mayor". Axios. Retrieved May 23, 2023.
6. ^ McGuinness, Dylan (August 9, 2023). "Jack Christie, former at-large council member, launches campaign for Houston mayor". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved August 10, 2023.
7. ^ McGuinness, Dylan (February 9, 2023). "Robert Gallegos, Houston's lone Hispanic council member, jumps into mayoral race". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
8. ^ McGuinness, Dylan (March 10, 2023). "Gilbert Garcia, former Metro chair, is running for Houston mayor pledging a 'shake-up'". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
9. ^ "Gilbert Garcia for Houston Mayor — ActBlue". ActBlue. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
10. ^ a b c d Rhodes, Syan (January 3, 2023). "Race for Houston mayor heating up ahead of summertime deadline to get on ballot". KPRC-TV Click 2 Houston. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
11. ^ Sessions, Kennedy; Stewart, Shelby (April 6, 2023). "Who's Running for Mayor in Houston? Here's the Complete List". Houstonia Magazine. Retrieved April 7, 2023.
12. ^ Carlin, Tim (June 21, 2023). "Former Houston council member MJ Khan launches run for Houston mayor". Houston Landing. Retrieved July 3, 2023.
13. ^ Marley, Ronnie (May 8, 2023). "Julian Antonio Martinez announces candidacy for Mayor of Houston". FOX 26 Houston. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
14. ^ Lightsey, Julianna (June 26, 2023). "The most important issues to watch in the 2023 mayoral election, according to Houstonians". KPRC-TV. Retrieved July 13, 2023.
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17. ^ a b c Schneider, Andrew (June 19, 2023). "Amanda Edwards leaves Houston mayor's race to run for Sheila Jackson Lee's seat in Congress". Houston Public Media via PBS. Retrieved June 19, 2023.
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19. ^ McGuinness, Dylan (April 5, 2023). "Tony Buzbee, millionaire businessman and trial lawyer, is considering another run for Houston mayor". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved April 5, 2023.
20. ^ Svitek, Patrick (August 21, 2023). "Tony Buzbee, lawyer for Ken Paxton, running for Houston City Council seat". Texas Tribune. Retrieved August 22, 2023.
21. ^ "Latino Victory Fund Announces Candidate Endorsements in Texas". Latino Victory. October 12, 2023. Archived from the original on October 13, 2023. Retrieved October 13, 2023.
22. ^ a b c "Elected Officials Across Texas Endorse Chris Hollins". Houston Style Magazine. December 16, 2022. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
23. ^ a b Cheng, Yilun (October 18, 2023). "Hillary Clinton endorses Sheila Jackson Lee for Houston mayor, joins list of high-profile supporters". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved October 18, 2023.
24. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Hillary Clinton Comes to Houston To Join A Rally For Congresswoman Sheila Jackson Lee". Houston Style Magazine. October 26, 2023. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
25. ^ a b Zhang, Andrew (November 7, 2023). "Sheila Jackson Lee trails in Houston mayor race as it heads to runoff". Politico. Retrieved November 13, 2023.
26. ^ a b c d Cheng, Yilun (September 28, 2023). "Nancy Pelosi endorses Jackson Lee as mayoral frontrunners compete for Democratic backing". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved September 28, 2023.
27. ^ a b c d e f g h McDonald, Sally; Edwards, Chelsea (October 9, 2023). "Officials announce support of Sheila Jackson Lee". KRIV. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
28. ^ a b c d e f g h McGuinness, Dylan (April 14, 2023). "Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee launches Houston mayoral bid with pledge to tackle wastewater woes, crime". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
29. ^ a b "Dean of the Texas House Representative Senfronia Thompson Endorses Sheila Jackson Lee for Mayor of Houston". Houston Style Magazine. October 17, 2023. Retrieved October 29, 2023.
30. ^ a b Sessions, Kennedy (April 14, 2023). "Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee's mayoral campaign kicks off at POST Houston". Chron a.k.a. Houston Chronicle. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
31. ^ a b c d Worthy, Ariel (June 15, 2023). "Lina Hidalgo to endorse Sheila Jackson Lee for Houston mayor". KUHT/Houston Public Media. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
32. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Bikomo, Uvie (August 7, 2023). "Exploring the Backing for Houston's Top Mayoral Hopefuls". Houstonia. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
33. ^ a b Zizka, Tom (October 1, 2023). "Los Angeles mayor endorses Sheila Jackson Lee". Fox 26 Houston KRIV. Retrieved October 2, 2023.
34. ^ a b Garcia, Ariana (June 15, 2023). "Harris Co. Judge Lina Hidalgo endorses Sheila Jackson Lee for Houston mayor". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved October 25, 2023. "So far, Jackson Lee has gained endorsements from Harris County Precinct 1 Commissioner Rodney Ellis, the Houston Federation of Teachers, and even former professional basketball player Magic Johnson."
35. ^ a b Cheng, Yilun (September 26, 2023). "As Houston turns more blue, the mayoral race thrusts young progressives into the political limelight". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
36. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Sheila Jackson Lee. Receives Key Endorsements From Key Labor Unions Representing Vital Services Needed and Used By Houstonians Across the City". Houston Style Magazine. May 19, 2023. Retrieved May 23, 2023.
37. ^ a b c d Alexander, Chloe (August 23, 2023). "Houston Federation of Teachers rescinds endorsement for Sen. John Whitmire in mayor's race". KHOU. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
38. ^ a b CWA District 6 Organizing for Power (August 24, 2023). "Last week's press conference featuring CWA Local 6222, Texas State Employees Union (CWA Local 6186), SEIU TX, and TOP in our joint endorsement of Congresswoman Sheila Jackson-Lee as the next mayor of Houston!". Facebook. Retrieved September 30, 2023.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
39. ^ a b McGuinness, Dylan (August 15, 2023). "Three more groups back Jackson Lee for mayor, as she seeks to catch up with Whitmire's labor support". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
40. ^ a b Ramon, Ana (September 6, 2023). "Annie's List Endorses Sheila Jackson Lee for Houston Mayoral Race" (PDF). Annie's List. Retrieved October 24, 2023.
41. ^ a b Chou, Lauren (July 7, 2023). "EMILYs List Endorses Sheila Jackson Lee for Mayor of Houston, Texas". EMILY's List. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
42. ^ a b c d Harris County Young Democrats [@Harrisyds] (October 14, 2023). "Early voting is almost here! Last month #HCYD came together to support another slate of Democrats to serve our community at Houston City Hall!" (Tweet). Retrieved October 29, 2023 - via Twitter.
43. ^ a b c d Rhodes, Christopher (November 1, 2023). "The Sheila Jackson Lee Headlines, Explained". Blavity. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
44. ^ a b McGuinness, Dylan (August 12, 2023). "LGBTQ+ Political Caucus backs Sheila Jackson Lee for Houston mayor". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved September 23, 2023.
45. ^ a b Our Revolution [@OurRevolution] (October 19, 2023). "Our Revolution endorses @SJacksonLee for Mayor of Houston! An influential & respected voice over the past 14 terms in Congress, Sheila Jackson Lee is ready to bring her staunch advocacy for voting rights & working-class values back home" (Tweet). Retrieved October 29, 2023 - via Twitter.
46. ^ a b Progressive Change Campaign Committee/BoldProgressives.Org [@BoldProgressive] (October 17, 2023). "ENDORSEMENT ALERT! [...] In TX we're endorsing:- @SJacksonLee for Houston Mayor" (Tweet). Retrieved November 3, 2023 - via Twitter.
47. ^ a b "John Whitmire Endorsed for Houston Mayor By Former Mayor Lee P. Brown". Houston Style Magazine. February 27, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
48. ^ a b "Daily Kos Elections Live Digest: 2/13". Daily Kos. February 13, 2023. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
49. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Scherer, Jasper; Cheng, Yilun (November 29, 2022). "John Whitmire formally launches Houston mayoral bid with backing of Tilman Fertitta, GOP mega-donors". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
50. ^ a b "John Whitmire Endorsed for Houston Mayor By St. Rep Ana Hernandez". Houston Style Magazine. March 13, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
51. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag "You Decide - Houston's Mayor - List of candidates". Fox 26 Houston. April 27, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
52. ^ a b "John Whitmire Endorsed for Houston Mayor by Former HISD Board President Paula Arnold". Houston Style Magazine. April 21, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
53. ^ a b Willies, Egberto (October 31, 2023). "Antisemitism. Patriotic Millionaires respond to GOP IRS move. UAW win. Mayorkas v. Hawley". Daily Kos. Retrieved November 1, 2023.
54. ^ a b Cobler, Paul (September 4, 2023). "Candidates for Houston mayor scramble for endorsements, but do they matter?". Houston Landing. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
55. ^ a b c d e f Zuvanich, Adam (November 30, 2022). "State Sen. John Whitmire displays bipartisan support while launching bid for Houston mayor". Houston Public Media. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
56. ^ a b Cheng, Yilun (September 30, 2023). "Houston's firefighters union endorses Whitmire's mayoral campaign, citing his arbitration bill". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
57. ^ a b "ILA Endorses Senator John Whitmire for Houston Mayor". International Longshoremen's Association. December 21, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
58. ^ a b "Gulf Coast AFL-CIO Announces Early Endorsement of John Whitmire for Houston Mayor". Houston Style Magazine. January 26, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
59. ^ a b American Council of Engineering Companies Houston [@ACECHouston] (May 16, 2023). "The ACEC Houston PAC proudly endorses State Senator @whitmire_john for Mayor of Houston. He is the right candidate to address Houston's current challenges" (Tweet). Retrieved May 16, 2023 - via Twitter.
60. ^ a b Sledge, Matt (November 22, 2023). "The Israel-Hamas war is dividing Democrats. Where do Houston mayoral candidates stand?". Houston Landing. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
61. ^ a b "HOME-PAC Makes Endorsement in 2023 Houston Mayoral Race". Greater Houston Builders Association. April 4, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
62. ^ a b "John Whitmire Endorsed for Houston Mayor By Building Owners and Managers Association". Houston Style Magazine. March 6, 2023. Retrieved May 29, 2023.
63. ^ a b "The Chronicle Editorial Board endorses John Whitmire for Houston mayor". Houston Chronicle. October 22, 2023. Retrieved October 22, 2023.
64. ^ a b University of Houston
65. ^ a b University of Houston
66. ^ a b c d Ragnar Research Partners
67. ^ Serrano, Joshua Fechter and Alejandro (November 7, 2023). "In Houston mayoral race, U.S. Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee and state Sen. John Whitmire head to a runoff". The Texas Tribune. Retrieved December 10, 2023.
68. ^ a b Church, Abby (November 28, 2023). "Former President Bill Clinton endorses Sheila Jackson Lee in Houston mayoral race". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 28, 2023.
69. ^ a b Grunau, Sarah (November 21, 2023). "Houston mayoral candidates reel in slate of new endorsers as early voting gets closer". KUHT Houston Public Media. Retrieved November 24, 2023.
70. ^ Smith, Sarah (November 8, 2023). "Houston live election updates: Mayor Turner endorses Sheila Jackson Lee, Chris Hollins in runoffs". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
71. ^ Cheng, Yilun (December 3, 2023). "Jackson Lee and Whitmire propose plans to address housing, pollution in marginalized communities". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved December 4, 2023. "On Saturday, former Houston Mayor Kathy Whitmire, who was married to John Whitmire's late brother, endorsed Jackson Lee, who served as an at-large council member during Kathy Whitmire's mayoral tenure in the 1990s."
72. ^ McGuinness, Dylan (November 15, 2023). "In Houston's mayoral contests, the first-place finisher has won every runoff since 1977". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved November 16, 2023. "On the other hand, District B Councilmember Tarsha Jackson, who was reelected with 62 percent of the district's vote in November, endorsed Whitmire last week."
73. ^ McGuinness, Dylan (November 20, 2023). "Former Mayor Annise Parker backs state Sen. John Whitmire for Houston mayor". Houston Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 20, 2023.
74. ^ Survey USA
75. ^ "John Whitmire elected Houston mayor in race he dominated from start to finish". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved December 10, 2023.
76. ^ "Houston Mayor Runoff Election Results 2023". NBC News. Retrieved December 10, 2023.
77. ^ "Live Results: Houston Mayoral Runoff". 270toWin. Retrieved December 10, 2023.
78. ^ Svitek, Patrick (December 11, 2023). "Sheila Jackson Lee files for reelection for U.S. House seat after losing in mayoral race". Texas Tribune. Retrieved December 11, 2023.
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80. ^ "NBC News declares Sheila Jackson Lee winner in Democratic primary in Texas 18th Congressional District". Click 2 Houston. March 5, 2024. Retrieved March 5, 2024.
81. ^ Church, Abby (July 19, 2024). "Texas, national leaders pay tribute to Sheila Jackson Lee". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
82. ^ "LIVE: Sheila Jackson Lee lies in state at Houston City Hall rotunda". Fox 26 Houston. July 29, 2024. Retrieved July 29, 2024.
83. ^ "Sylvester Turner wins in Texas' 18th Congressional District". Fox 26 Houston. November 5, 2024. Retrieved November 26, 2024.

## External links

[edit]

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* Naoufal Houjami for Mayor
* Sheila Jackson Lee (D) for Mayor
* Lee Kaplan (D) for Mayor
* Chanel Mbala (I) for Mayor
* Rickey Tezino for Mayor
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* Dallas, TX
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* Des Moines, IA
* Durham, NC
* Evansville, IN
* Fort Worth, TX
* Gary, IN
* Green Bay, WI
* Hartford, CT
* Houston, TX
* Indianapolis, IN
* Jackson, TN
* Jacksonville, FL
* Kansas City, MO
* Knoxville, TN
* Lincoln, NE
* Mableton, GA
* Madison, WI
* Manchester, NH
* Memphis, TN
* Nashville, TN
* New Haven, CT
* Orlando, FL
* Philadelphia, PA
* Portland, ME
* Pueblo, CO
* Salt Lake City, UT
* San Antonio, TX
* Savannah, GA
* South Bend, IN
* Spokane, WA
* Springfield, MA
* Tampa, FL
* Tucson, AZ
* Wichita, KS
* Worcester, MA

Local|

* Allegheny County, PA
* Caddo Parish, LA (sheriff)
* Cherokee Nation
* principal chief
* deputy chief
* tribal council
* Chicago, IL
* aldermanic
* Indianapolis, IN
* Los Angeles, CA
* Minneapolis, MN
* Nassau County, NY
* New York, NY
* Philadelphia, PA
* Seattle, WA
* St. Louis, MO

States and
territories|

* Arizona
* California
* Colorado
* Florida
* Georgia
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Mississippi
* Nebraska
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New York
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Virginia
* Washington
* Wisconsin

Ballot
measures|

* Colorado
* Proposition HH
* Proposition II
* Maine
* Ohio
* August Issue 1
* November Issue 1
* Issue 2
* Oklahoma
* Texas
* Wisconsin

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[OH]: Ohio
*[TX]: Texas
*[CO]: Colorado
*[ID]: Idaho
*[CT]: Connecticut
*[IN]: Indiana
*[NC]: North Carolina
*[IL]: Illinois
*[IA]: Iowa
*[WI]: Wisconsin
*[TN]: Tennessee
*[FL]: Florida
*[MO]: Missouri
*[NE]: Nebraska
*[GA]: Georgia
*[NH]: New Hampshire
*[PA]: Pennsylvania
*[ME]: Maine
*[UT]: Utah
*[WA]: Washington
*[MA]: Massachusetts
*[AZ]: Arizona
*[KS]: Kansas
*[LA]: Louisiana
*[CA]: California
*[MN]: Minnesota
*[NY]: New York