2025 India–Pakistan strikes

Missile strikes in response to Pahalgam attack

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2025 India–Pakistan strikes

Part of the 2025 India–Pakistan standoff

Kotli

Bahawalpur

Muridke

Bagh

Muzaffarabad

Locations struck inside Pakistan[1]
| Date| 7 May 2025 – present

|

Location|

Pakistan, Pakistani-administered Kashmir, India, and Indian-administered Kashmir

Status|  Ongoing
Belligerents
India|  Pakistan
Casualties and losses

Per Pakistan:

* 3 Rafales, 1 Su-30, 1 MiG-29 and a UAV shot down[2]
* 1 brigade headquarters, 1 checkpost destroyed[3]

Per Indian security sources:

* 3 fighter jets crashed[4][5]
* 3 pilots injured[5]

Per India:

* 70+ militants killed including Lashkar-e-Taiba's HVT Abdul Malik and Mudassir,[6] 60 injured[7]
* 1 JF-17 shot down[8]

Per Pakistan:

* No militants killed[9]

26 Pakistani civilians killed, 46 injured (per Pakistan)[10]

8 Indian civilians killed, 47 injured (per India)[11][12]

On 7 May 2025, India conducted missile strikes on Pakistan codenamed Operation Sindoor. India said it targeted terrorist infrastructure. Pakistan said that Indian strikes targeted civilian areas (including mosques),[13][14] and killed 26 Pakistani civilians, including a child.[15][10] Pakistan retaliated against the Indian strikes. India said Pakistani artillery killed three Indian civilians.[13]

The Indian strikes were a response to the 2025 Pahalgam attack in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The attack was attributed to The Resistance Front and killed at least 27 Indian & 1 Nepali civilians, mostly Hindu tourists. India accused Pakistan of supporting the attackers, though Pakistan denied the allegations.[16] The operation escalated tensions in the 2025 India–Pakistan standoff, part of the broader Kashmir conflict. Pakistani prime minister Shehbaz Sharif called the strikes an act of war and vowed to respond.[17][18]

## Background

[edit]

The Kashmir conflict, ongoing since 1947, has fuelled multiple wars and skirmishes between India and Pakistan over the disputed region. On 22 April 2025, an attack in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, killed 26 civilians and was claimed by the Resistance Front, an offshoot of Lashkar-e-Taiba.[19] India accused Pakistan of backing the attack, and expelled Pakistani diplomats, suspended visas for Pakistanis, and suspended the Indus Waters Treaty.[20] Both nations engaged in military posturing, with Pakistan testing ballistic missiles on 3 May and India conducting drills.[21]

## Indian attacks in Pakistan and Kashmir

[edit]

On 6 May 2025, the Indian Armed Forces launched Operation Sindoor, twenty-four attacks targeting six locations[failed verification] in Pakistani-administered Kashmir (Muzaffarabad and Kotli) and Pakistan’s Punjab province (Bahawalpur), i.e. across both the Line of Control and the international border.[22]

The Indian Ministry of Defence described the strikes as "focused, measured, and non-escalatory," targeting terrorist infrastructure linked to Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed, with no Pakistani military facilities hit.[23] Pakistan said India targeted innocent civilians,[13] and that children were killed in the attacks.[24] One of the locations hit by Indian attacks was Bilal mosque, Muzaffarabad, with damage reported by Reuters.[14] Khawaja Asif, Pakistan's Minister of Defence, initially said that Indian soldiers were taken prisoners and planes were shot down.[25] Pakistan later clarified that no Indian soldiers had been taken as prisoners.[26][27] The Indian Air Force deployed the Rafale jets armed with SCALP missiles and AASM Hammer bombs in the 23 minute-long Operation Sindoor early in the morning of 7 May 2025.[28][29][30]

A Pakistani general said that the strikes were conducted without Indian aircraft entering Pakistani airspace. The strikes caused explosions and a power blackout in Muzaffarabad.[31] Maryam Nawaz, the chief minister of the Pakistani province of Punjab, urged residents to stay inside their homes.[32] Locals in Srinagar reported heavy fighter jet activity overhead.[22] The Indian Army released a statement on Twitter, declaring "Justice is Served" with the hashtag #PahalgamTerrorAttack.[33] The Indian military said that Pakistan fired into Bhimber Gali, a village in Kashmir.[32]

## Pakistani attacks in Kashmir

[edit]

On 7 May 2025, Pakistan conducted missile strikes on Indian-administered Kashmir in response to the Indian missile strikes on Pakistan. According to Pakistan's state media, the Pakistan Air Force shot down five[25] or two Indian aircraft.[34][35][36] The state media also claimed that an Indian brigade headquarters was destroyed in a retaliatory strike.[37]

Reports also suggest that a Pakistani JF-17 was shot down while trying to intrude into Indian airspace. The aircraft crashed in Pulwama's Pampore, India.[8]

Later, the Press Information Bureau clarified that none of Indian jets were shot down and, in fact, the image circulating showing a crashed MiG-29 was from a year ago. Further, they also confirmed that neither any Indian Brigade Headquarters nor the Srinagar Airbase have been attacked. The videos circulating were of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan from 2024.[38][39][40]

## Casualties

[edit]

Pakistani security forces said that the Indian attacks killed nine civilians, including at least two children, and injured at least 35 others.[24]

Pakistani artillery fire killed three civilians inside Indian administered Kashmir, according to Indian officials.[15]

### Military

[edit]

According to Pakistani security forces, five Indian Air Force combat jets and a drone were shot down by the army.[41][25] The Guardian reported that an aircraft had crashed inside Indian-administered Kashmir, near Srinagar.[42]

## Aftermath

[edit]

The airspace was closed for 48 hours and all flights were cancelled.[43][clarification needed]

SpiceJet, IndiGo and Air India halted flights in the region,[44] while Air France and Lufthansa avoided Pakistani airspace.[45]

Three Dhaka-bound international flights operated by Turkish Airlines, Jazeera Airways, and Kuwait Airways were diverted to Muscat, Dubai and Kuwait City.[46]

## Reactions

[edit]

### International

[edit]

* Pakistan: Pakistan condemned the strikes as a "cowardly attack" on civilians, with its military threatening retaliatory strikes at a time and place of its choosing.[16]
* India: India claimed that the operation was a necessary response to "terrorism," citing the Pahalgam attack.[19]
* China: China's Foreign Ministry Spokesperson said that China found India's military operation early in the morning regrettable. The spokesperson expressed concern about the ongoing situation and urged both sides to act in the larger interest of peace and stability, to remain calm, exercise restraint, and refrain from taking actions that might further complicate the situation.[47][48][49]
* Israel: Israel's Ambassador to India, Reuven Azar, said that Israel supports India's right for self-defense. He added that terrorists should know there's no place to hide from their heinous crimes against the innocent.[47][48]
* United Arab Emirates: Foreign minister Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan called for both sides to show restraint and avoid an escalation.[50]
* United States: President Donald Trump called the strikes "a shame" and said that he hopes "it ends very quickly."[22]

### Non-government and international organizations

[edit]

* United Nations: Secretary-General António Guterres called for military restraint and said that "the world cannot afford a military confrontation between India and Pakistan".[51][52]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Pakistan shoots down '3 Indian jets, destroys brigade HQ' in retaliation for attacks on 5 cities". Geo.tv. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025. "At least three martyred, several injured in Indian attacks on Kotli, Bahawalpur, Muridke, Bagh and Muzaffarabad"
2. ^ "India launches strikes deep inside Pakistan and Pakistan claims 5 Indian jets shot down, in major escalation". CNN. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
3. ^ "Pakistan says it downed 5 Indian jets as retaliation for late-night strikes at 5 sites". The Business Standard. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
4. ^ "Three Indian Fighter Jets Crashed On Home Territory, Cause Unknown: Indian Security Source". Barron's. Agence France-Presse. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
5. ^ a b Mehta, Tanvi (7 May 2025). "What has happened in India and Pakistan as they fight over Kashmir killings". Reuters. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
6. ^ "Lashkar-E-Taiba's HVT Abdul Malik And Mudassir Killed During Operation Sindoor". NewsX. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
7. ^ "Operation Sindoor LIVE: PM Modi Monitors Indian Strikes Against Terror Targets; 3 Killed In Pakistan's LoC Firing". News18 India. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
8. ^ a b "India shoots down Pakistan's JF-17 fighter jet in Pulwama's Pampore". India TV News. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
9. ^ "WATCH: DG ISPR addresses press conference". DAWN.COM. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
10. ^ a b "Death toll from Indian strikes on Pakistan rises to 26, 46 injured -UPDATED". Azerbaijani Press Agency. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
11. ^ Singh, Mayank; Wani, Fayaz (7 May 2025). "Seven civilians killed, 38 injured in indiscriminate firing by Pakistan army across LoC, IB". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
12. ^ Joshi, Vishal (7 May 2025). "Unidentified aircraft crashes in Punjab's Bathinda, one farm labourer killed". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
13. ^ a b c "India-Pakistan live: India strikes Pakistan, Pakistan-administered Kashmir | News | Al Jazeera".
14. ^ a b "India strikes Pakistan over Kashmir tourist killings". Reuters.
15. ^ a b "Indian army says 3 civilians killed in shelling by Pakistani troops in Indian-controlled Kashmir". CTVNews. Associated Press. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
16. ^ a b "India fires missiles across the frontier with Pakistan, killing at least 1 child, officials say". AP News. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
17. ^ "India launches strikes deep inside Pakistan and Pakistan claims Indian jets shot down, in major escalation". CNN. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
18. ^ Hussain, Shaiq; Mehrotra, Karishma; Hudson, John; Javaid, Maham (6 May 2025). "India strikes Pakistan after Kashmir attack, raising fears of war". The Washington Post.
19. ^ a b Masood, Salman; Mashal, Mujib (6 May 2025). "India Says It Struck 'Terrorist Infrastructure' in Pakistan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
20. ^ Meer Baloch, Shah (29 April 2025). "'India can starve us': farmers in Pakistan decry suspension of crucial water treaty". The Guardian. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
21. ^ Peshimam, Gibran Naiyyar; Greenfield, Charlotte (5 May 2025). "Pakistan tests missile, India orders drills amid Kashmir standoff". Reuters. Islamabad, Bela Noor Shah. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
22. ^ a b c "India says it has launched strikes on Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir". BBC News. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
23. ^ "India launches attack on 9 sites in Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Jammu and Kashmir". Reuters. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
24. ^ a b "India-Pakistan live: India strikes Pakistan, Pakistan-administered Kashmir | News | Al Jazeera".
25. ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference `Bloomberg Live updates` was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
26. ^ Garg, Moohita Kaur (7 May 2025). "Operation Sindoor: Pakistan Defence Minister Khawaja Asif retracts PoW claim, says no Indian soldiers captured". Wion. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
27. ^ Amin, Zubair (7 May 2025). "Operation Sindoor: Has Pakistan Taken Indian Soldiers As Prisoners of War? Fact Check". NewsX World. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
28. ^ "Rafale jets hit Pak terror camps with Scalp missiles, Hammer bombs: Sources". India Today. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
29. ^ Sharma, Sheenu (7 May 2025). "Rafale jets hit nine terror camps in Pakistan and PoK with Scalp missiles and Hammer bombs". India TV News. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
30. ^ Amin, Zubair (7 May 2025). "Operation Sindoor Lasted 23 Minutes: SCALP, HAMMER Missiles On Rafale Jets Used To Strike Terror Camps in Pakistan And PoK". NewsX World. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
31. ^ "Pakistan 'attacked with missiles' – as India says it targeted terrorist camps". Sky News. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
32. ^ a b "India-Pakistan fighting live: India fires missiles into Pakistan". Al Jazeera English. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
33. ^ "India strikes nine sites in Pakistan weeks after Kashmir militant attack – live". The Guardian. 6 May 2025. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
34. ^ Yeung, Tavia (7 May 2025). "Pakistan downs 2 Indian jets in retaliation for overnight strikes". China Daily. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
35. ^ "Pakistan downs three Indian Air Force jets as retaliation for missile attacks under way: state media". Business Recorder. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
36. ^ "India Launches Multiple Missile Strikes Inside Pakistan, Targets Civilians". The Friday Times. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
37. ^ "Pakistan downs 2 Indian jets as retaliation for late-night strikes at 5 sites: state media". DAWN. 6 May 2025. Archived from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
38. ^ "FACT CHECK: Did Pakistan destroy an Indian Air Force MiG-29?". The Week. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
39. ^ "FACT CHECK: Did Pakistan destroy Indian Brigade Headquarters?". The Week. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
40. ^ "FACT CHECK: Did Pakistan Air Force hit Srinagar airbase after 'Operation Sindoor'?". The Week. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
41. ^ "Pakistan Army shoots down Indian drone in Barnala Sector". Samaa TV. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
42. ^ Yerushalmy, Jonathan; Chao-Fong, Léonie (7 May 2025). "Kashmir crisis live: India missile attack kills eight; Pakistan says five Indian fighter jets shot down". The Guardian.
43. ^ "Indian missiles hit five locations inside Pakistan: ISPR". Dunya News. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
44. ^ "Operation Sindoor: Flights to and from Srinagar, Leh, Dharamshala, Amritsar, Jammu affected". The Economic Times. 7 May 2025. ISSN 0013-0389. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
45. ^ Mogul, Rhea (6 May 2025). "Major airlines are avoiding Pakistan's airspace as tensions with India remain high following tourist massacre". CNN. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
46. ^ "3 Bangladesh-bound int'l flights diverted amid India-Pakistan crisis". The Business Standard. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
47. ^ a b "How world leaders react to Indian strikes in Pakistan after Kashmir attack". Reuters. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
48. ^ a b "How World Leaders Reacted To Indian Strikes On Terror Camps In Pakistan". NDTV. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
49. ^ "China 'concerned' over India strikes on Pakistan, urges restraint". CNA. 7 May 2025. Retrieved 7 May 2025.
50. ^ "Abdullah bin Zayed Calls for Restraint Between India and Pakistan and Avoiding Military Escalation". www.mofa.gov.ae. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
51. ^ "UN Secretary-General urges military restraint from India, Pakistan" (Press release). United Nations. 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
52. ^ "UN chief urges restraint over India's missile attacks on Pakistan". The Express Tribune. 7 May 2025.

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