27 Club

Notional club occupied by those who died at age 27

27 Club street mural in Tel Aviv by John Kiss, depicting several well-known members of the club in chronological order: (left to right) Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Kurt Cobain, and Amy Winehouse.[1]

The 27 Club is an informal list consisting mostly of popular musicians,[2][3][4][5] often expanded by artists, actors, and other celebrities who died at age 27. Although the claim of a "statistical spike" for the death of musicians at that age has been refuted by scientific research, it remains a common cultural conception that the phenomenon exists, with many celebrities who die at 27 noted for their high-risk lifestyles.

## Cultural perception

[edit]

Beginning with the deaths of several 27-year-old popular musicians between 1969 and 1971 (such as Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and Jim Morrison), dying at the age of 27 came to be, and remains, a perennial subject of popular culture, celebrity journalism, and entertainment industry lore.[2][3] This perceived phenomenon, which came to be known as the "27 Club", attributes special significance to popular musicians, artists, actors, and other celebrities who died at age 27, often as a result of drug and alcohol abuse or violent means such as homicide, suicide, or transportation-related accidents.[6] The cultural interpretation of events gave rise to an urban myth that celebrity deaths are more common at 27, a claim that has been refuted by statistical research as discussed in the scientific studies section below.[7][4] However, a subsequent statistical analysis demonstrated that the myth itself has shaped cultural memory by boosting the visibility and cultural prominence of those who die at 27.[8] This phenomenon, deemed the "27 Club effect", reflects the power of collective storytelling and media reinforcement in turning unrelated events into lasting cultural narratives.

### White lighter myth

[edit]

A white disposable lighter

The white lighter myth or white lighter curse is an urban legend based on the 27 Club in which it is claimed several musicians and artists died while in possession of a white disposable cigarette lighter, leading such items to become associated with bad fortune.[9][10] The myth is primarily based on the deaths of Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, and Kurt Cobain.[11][12] The myth has been integrated with cannabis culture.[13]

In 2017, Snopes published an article discrediting the theory, noting that Bic did not begin producing white disposable lighters until 1973, several years after the deaths of some members of the 27 Club (including Hendrix, Joplin, and Morrison) and that disposable lighters produced by other companies were not widely available at that time.[14]

## History

[edit]

Jim Morrison, lead singer of the rock band the Doors and among the first people associated with the 27 Club.

Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and Jim Morrison all died at the age of 27 between 1969 and 1971. At the time, the coincidence gave rise to some comment,[15][16] but, according to Charles R. Cross, a biographer of Hendrix and Kurt Cobain, "it wasn't until Kurt Cobain took his own life in 1994 that the idea of the 27 Club arrived in the popular zeitgeist."[17] Cross claims that the "launch of the Club concept" can be traced to the growing influence of the Internet and sensational celebrity journalism on popular culture in the years following Cobain's death, as well as media interpretations of a statement by Cobain's mother, Wendy Fradenburg Cobain O'Connor, quoted in the local Aberdeen, Washington, newspaper The Daily World, and subsequently carried worldwide by the Associated Press: "Now he's gone and joined that stupid club. I told him not to join that stupid club."[18] Many contemporary journalists interpreted her words as referring to the infamous untimely deaths of fellow rock musicians like Hendrix, Joplin, and Morrison, a view shared by Cross and R. Gary Patterson, chronicler of rock music urban myth.[19][20][17][21]

> That's really selfish to live to 90 years old unless you have something to offer like maybe William Burroughs. I definitely don't want to be that old. I feel more bonded with the Jim Morrison type of living on the edge, rock & roll poet, in a conservative way.
>  –Kurt Cobain[22]

The intended meaning of "that stupid club" referred to by Cobain's mother is disputed. In his analysis of how her quote helped popularize the 27 Club, Eric Segalstad, author of The 27s: The Greatest Myth of Rock & Roll, asserted that she was actually referring to the "tragic family matter" of Cobain's two uncles and his great-uncle, all of whom had committed suicide.[23] Other contemporary journalists linked her quote to the then-recent heroin-related deaths of fellow young Seattle rock musicians Stefanie Sargent of 7 Year Bitch and Andrew Wood of Mother Love Bone, both aged 24.[24] Cross, himself, dismissed "the absurd notion that Kurt Cobain intentionally timed his death so he could join the 27 Club", noting that Cobain "had nearly died from drug overdoses on at least two dozen occasions in the year before his death... [and] made several previous suicide attempts at various ages."[17]

In 2011, seventeen years after Cobain's death, Amy Winehouse died at the age of 27, prompting a renewed swell of media attention devoted to the 27 Club.[25] Three years earlier, Winehouse's personal assistant, Alex Haines, told the British press that Winehouse, then 25, feared she would join Jim Morrison, Brian Jones, and Kurt Cobain in dying at 27: "She reckoned she would join the 27 Club of rock stars who died at that age. She told me, 'I have a feeling I'm gonna die young.'"[26]

## Scientific studies

[edit]

Despite the cultural significance given to musician and celebrity deaths at age 27, the common claim that they are statistically more common at this age is an urban myth, refuted by scientific research.[2][3][4]

A study by university academics published in the British Medical Journal in December 2011 concluded that there was no increase in the risk of death for musicians at the age of 27, stating that there were equally small increases at ages 25 and 32. The study noted that young adult musicians have a higher death rate than the general young adult population, surmising that the conclusion that could be drawn is as such: "fame may increase the risk of death among musicians, but this risk is not limited to age 27".[7]

A 2014 article at The Conversation suggested that statistical evidence shows popular musicians are most likely to die at the age of 56 (2.2% compared to 1.3% at 27).[4]

## In popular culture

[edit]

The 27 Club frequently appears by name and reference in popular culture and mass media. Several exhibitions have been devoted to the idea, as well as novels, films, stage plays, songs, video games, and comics.[27][28][5][29]

### Music

[edit]

Hendrix, Joplin, and Morrison have been referred to as the "holy trinity" of 1960s rock.[30] (In this newsreel, Hendrix is incorrectly identified as being 24 at the time of his death, even though he was in fact 27.)

* The title of the song "27" by Fall Out Boy from their 2008 album Folie à Deux is a reference to the club. The lyrics explore the hedonistic lifestyles common in rock and roll. Pete Wentz, the primary lyricist of Fall Out Boy, wrote the song because he felt that he was living a similarly dangerous lifestyle.[31]
* John Craigie's song "28", which appeared on his 2009 album Montana Tale, and 2018 live album Opening for Steinbeck, is written from the perspective of 27 Club members Jim Morrison, Janis Joplin, and Kurt Cobain, as each contemplates their respective mortality and imagines what they would do differently "if I could only make it to twenty-eight".[32][33] Craigie wrote the song when he himself was age 27.[34]
* The theme is referenced in the song "27 Forever" by Eric Burdon, on his 2013 album 'Til Your River Runs Dry.[35]
* Magenta's studio album The Twenty Seven Club (2013) directly references the club. Each track is a tribute to a member of the club.[36]

* Halsey's song "Colors", from her debut album Badlands (2015), includes the line: "I hope you make it to the day you're 28 years old."[37]
* Mac Miller's song "Brand Name", from his 2015 album GO:OD AM, features the line "To everyone who sell me drugs, don't mix it with that bullshit, I'm hopin' not to join the 27 Club." Miller died in 2018 at the age of 26 from a drug overdose, after consuming counterfeit oxycodone pills containing fentanyl.[38]

* Frank Ocean referenced the club and the white lighter myth on the song "Nights" from his 2016 album Blonde, where he says: "No white lighters 'til I fuck my twenty-eighth up."[39]
* JPEGMafia's album Black Ben Carson (2016) includes a song titled "The 27 Club", which the song refers to the club. He references members Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, and Kurt Cobain.[40]
* Adore Delano released a song called "27 Club" on her studio album Whatever (2017), with the repeated lyric: "All of the legends die at twenty-seven." Delano was aged 27 at the time of release.[41]
* Juice Wrld referenced the club on his song "Legends" (2018), where he says: "What's the 27 Club? We ain't making it past 21."[42]
* Nessa Barrett's song "La Di Die", released in collaboration with Jxdn in 2021, contains a reference to the club: "I'll be dead at 27, only nine more years to go."[43]

### Video games

[edit]

* In the video game Hitman (2016), one of the in-game missions, Club 27, involves killing an indie musician who is celebrating his 27th birthday.[44]

## Identified members

[edit]

Because the 27 Club is entirely notional, it has no official membership. The table below lists individuals explicitly described as "members" of the 27 Club by journalists and writers in various books and publications.[citation needed]

Some deaths linked to the 27 Club pre-date its emergence as a cultural phenomenon. Blues musician Robert Johnson, who died in 1938, is one of the earliest popular musicians included by various sources.[45][46]

Despite the club's original association with the deaths of popular musicians, later sources began to link actors, artists, athletes, and other celebrities to the 27 Club. Rolling Stone included television actor Jonathan Brandis, who died by suicide in 2003, in a list of 27 Club members.[46] Anton Yelchin, who had played in a punk rock band but was primarily known as a film actor, was also described as a member of the club upon his death in 2016.[47] Likewise, Jean-Michel Basquiat has been linked to the club despite being known primarily as a painter, with his music career being relatively brief and obscure.[48]

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Purported 27 Club members  Name  | Date of birth  | Date of death  | Cause of death  | Fame  | Age  | Sources

|
|
|
|
|
|

Alexandre Levy | November 10, 1864 | January 17, 1892 | Not recorded  | Composer, pianist and conductor  | 27 years, 68 days  | [49]
Louis Chauvin | March 13, 1881 | March 26, 1908 | Neurosyphilitic sclerosis | Ragtime musician  | 27 years, 13 days  | [49]
Rupert Brooke | August 3, 1887 | April 23, 1915 | Sepsis | Poet  | 27 years, 263 days  | [50]
Robert Johnson | May 8, 1911 | August 16, 1938 | Unknown | Blues singer and musician  | 27 years, 100 days  | [49][45]
Ghazi of Iraq | March 21, 1912 | April 4, 1939 | Traffic accident, probable murder  | King of Iraq 1933–1939  | 27 years, 14 days  | [51]
Nat Jaffe | January 1, 1918 | August 5, 1945 | Complications from high blood pressure | Swing jazz pianist  | 27 years, 216 days  | [49]
Camilo Cienfuegos | February 6, 1932 | October 28, 1959 | Unknown, alleged plane crash | Cuban revolutionary  | 27 years, 264 days  | [52]
Jesse Belvin | December 15, 1932 | February 6, 1960 | Car crash, suspected foul play | R&B singer, pianist and songwriter  | 27 years, 53 days  | [49][53]
Rudy Lewis | August 23, 1936 | May 20, 1964 | Drug overdose  | Vocalist of the Drifters | 27 years, 271 days  | [54]
Joe Henderson | April 24, 1937 | October 24, 1964 | Heart attack  | R&B and gospel singer  | 27 years, 183 days  | [55]
Rockin' Robin Roberts | November 23, 1940 | December 22, 1967 | Car crash  | Vocalist of The Fabulous Wailers; recorded the earliest cover version of Richard Berry's "Louie Louie"  | 27 years, 30 days  | [56][57]
Malcolm Hale | May 17, 1941 | October 30, 1968 | Carbon monoxide poisoning | Original member and lead guitarist of Spanky and Our Gang | 27 years, 166 days  | [49]
Dickie Pride | October 21, 1941 | March 26, 1969 | Drug overdose  | Rock and roll singer  | 27 years, 156 days  | [58]
Brian Jones | February 28, 1942 | July 3, 1969 | Drowning | Rolling Stones founder, guitarist and multi-instrumentalist  | 27 years, 125 days  | [59]
Alexandra  | May 19, 1942 | July 31, 1969 | Car crash  | German singer  | 27 years, 156 days  | [60]
Alan "Blind Owl" Wilson | July 4, 1943 | September 3, 1970 | Drug overdose  | Leader, singer and primary composer of Canned Heat | 27 years, 61 days  | [49]
Jimi Hendrix | November 27, 1942 | September 18, 1970 | Asphyxia due to drug use  | Pioneering electric guitarist, singer and songwriter of the Jimi Hendrix Experience and Band of Gypsys | 27 years, 295 days  | [61]
Janis Joplin | January 19, 1943 | October 4, 1970 | Drug overdose  | Lead vocalist and songwriter of Big Brother and the Holding Company, the Kozmic Blues Band and Full Tilt Boogie Band  | 27 years, 258 days  | [61]
Arlester "Dyke" Christian | June 13, 1943 | March 13, 1971 | Shot | Frontman, vocalist and bassist of Dyke and the Blazers | 27 years, 273 days  | [49]
Jim Morrison | December 8, 1943 | July 3, 1971 | Heart failure  | Singer, lyricist, and leader of the Doors | 27 years, 207 days  | [61]
Leslie Harvey | September 14, 1944 | May 3, 1972 | Electrocution | Guitarist in several Scottish bands, most notably Stone the Crows | 27 years, 232 days  | [49][62]
Ron "Pigpen" McKernan | September 8, 1945 | March 8, 1973 | Gastrointestinal hemorrhage | Founding member, keyboardist and singer of the Grateful Dead | 27 years, 181 days  | [49]
Roger Lee Durham | February 14, 1946 | July 27, 1973 | Horseriding accident | Singer and percussionist of Bloodstone | 27 years, 163 days  | [49]
Pamela Courson | December 22, 1946 | April 25, 1974 | Drug overdose  | Long-term companion of Jim Morrison and heir to his estate  | 27 years, 124 days  | [63]
Wallace "Wally" Yohn | January 12, 1947 | August 12, 1974 | Plane crash | Organ player of Chase | 27 years, 212 days  | [49]
Dave Alexander | June 3, 1947 | February 10, 1975 | Pulmonary edema due to alcohol abuse  | Bassist of the Stooges | 27 years, 252 days  | [49]
Pete Ham | April 27, 1947 | April 24, 1975 | Suicide | Singer, songwriter, keyboardist and guitarist, leader of Badfinger | 27 years, 362 days  | [49]
Gary Thain | May 15, 1948 | December 8, 1975 | Drug overdose  | Bassist of Uriah Heep and the Keef Hartley Band  | 27 years, 205 days  | [49]
Cecilia  | October 11, 1948 | August 2, 1976 | Car crash  | Singer-songwriter  | 27 years, 296 days  | [64][65]
Helmut Köllen | March 2, 1950 | May 3, 1977 | Carbon monoxide poisoning | Bassist of 1970s prog rock band Triumvirat | 27 years, 62 days  | [49]
André Paiement | June 28, 1950 | January 23, 1978 | Suicide  | Playwright and musician, member of progressive rock band CANO | 27 years, 209 days  | [66][67]
Barry Brown | April 19, 1951 | June 25, 1978 | Self-inflicted gunshot | Playwright, actor  | 27 years, 67 days  | [68]
Chris Bell | January 12, 1951 | December 27, 1978 | Car crash  | Singer-songwriter and guitarist of power pop band Big Star and solo  | 27 years, 349 days  | [49]
Zenon De Fleur | September 9, 1951 | March 17, 1979 | Car crash  | Guitarist of the Count Bishops | 27 years, 189 days  | [55][69]
Jacob Miller | May 4, 1952 | March 23, 1980 | Car crash  | Lead singer of Inner Circle | 27 years, 324 days  | [70]
D. Boon | April 1, 1958 | December 22, 1985 | Car crash  | Guitarist, lead singer of punk band Minutemen | 27 years, 266 days  | [49]
Alexander Bashlachev | May 27, 1960 | February 17, 1988 | Defenestration, possible suicide | Poet, rock musician and songwriter  | 27 years, 266 days  | [64]
Amar Singh Chamkila | July 21, 1960 | March 8, 1988 | Murder | Singer, songwriter, musician, and composer  | 27 years, 231 days  | [71]
Jean-Michel Basquiat | December 22, 1960 | August 12, 1988 | Drug overdose  | Painter and graffiti artist; formed the band Gray | 27 years, 234 days  | [54]
Pete de Freitas | August 2, 1961 | June 14, 1989 | Motorcycle accident | Drummer of Echo & the Bunnymen | 27 years, 316 days  | [49]
Finbarr Donnelly | April 25, 1962 | June 18, 1989 | Drowning | Singer of Five Go Down to the Sea? | 27 years, 50 days  | [72]
Chris Austin | February 24, 1964 | March 16, 1991 | Plane crash | Country singer and guitarist/fiddle player for Reba McEntire | 27 years, 20 days  | [73]
Dimitar Voev | May 21, 1965 | September 5, 1992 | Cancer  | Poet, founder of the Bulgarian new wave band New Generation | 27 years, 107 days  | [74]
Mia Zapata | August 25, 1965 | July 7, 1993 | Murder | Lead singer of the Gits | 27 years, 316 days  | [49]
Kurt Cobain | February 20, 1967 | April 5, 1994 c. | Suicide | Founding member, lead singer, guitarist and songwriter of Nirvana | 27 years, 44 days c. | [61]
Kristen Pfaff | May 26, 1967 | June 16, 1994 | Drug overdose  | Bass guitarist of Hole and Janitor Joe | 27 years, 21 days  | [49]
Andrés Escobar | March 13, 1967 | July 2, 1994 | Murder  | Footballer  | 27 years, 111 days  | [75][76][77]
Richey Edwards | December 22, 1967 | February 1, 1995 | Disappeared; later declared legally dead | Lyricist and guitarist of Manic Street Preachers | 27 years, 41 days  | [49]
Stretch | April 8, 1968 | November 30, 1995 | Murder | Rapper  | 27 years, 236 days  | [78]
Ken Steadman | June 26, 1969 | September 20, 1996 | Car crash | American film and television actor  | 27 years, 86 days  | [49]
Fat Pat | December 4, 1970 | February 3, 1998 | Murder | American rapper and member of Screwed Up Click | 27 years, 61 days  | [49]
Louie Spicolli | February 10, 1971 | February 15, 1998 | Drug overdose  | Professional wrestler  | 27 years, 5 days  | [79]
Freaky Tah | May 14, 1971 | March 28, 1999 | Murder | American rapper and member of the hip-hop group Lost Boyz | 27 years, 318 days  | [49]
Kami  | February 1, 1972 | June 21, 1999 | Subarachnoid hemorrhage | Drummer of Malice Mizer | 27 years, 140 days  | [80]
Rodrigo Bueno | May 24, 1973 | June 24, 2000 | Car crash | Cuarteto singer  | 27 years, 31 days  | [64]
Sean Patrick McCabe | November 13, 1972 | August 28, 2000 | Asphyxia | Lead singer of Ink & Dagger | 27 years, 289 days  | [49]
María Serrano Serrano | November 26, 1973 | November 24, 2001 | Plane crash | Singer of Passion Fruit | 27 years, 363 days  | [49]
Thuy Trang | December 14, 1973 | September 3, 2001 | Car crash  | Vietnamese-American actress, known for her role as Trini Kwan on Mighty Morphin Power Rangers | 27 years, 263 days  | [81]
Rico Yan | March 14, 1975 | March 29, 2002 | Acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis | Filipino actor  | 27 years, 15 days  | [49]
Jeremy Ward | May 5, 1976 | May 25, 2003 | Drug overdose | The Mars Volta and De Facto sound manipulator  | 27 years, 20 days  | [49]
Jonathan Brandis | April 13, 1976 | November 12, 2003 | Suicide | American actor  | 27 years, 213 days  | [46]
Pat Tillman | November 6, 1976 | April 22, 2004 | Killed in action by friendly fire | Professional football player and United States Army specialist  | 27 years, 168 days  | [82]
Andrea Absolonová | December 26, 1976 | December 9, 2004 | Glioblastoma | Porn actress  | 27 years, 349 days  | [51]
Bryan Ottoson | March 18, 1978 | April 19, 2005 | Drug overdose  | Guitarist of American Head Charge | 27 years, 32 days  | [49]
Valentín Elizalde | February 1, 1979 | November 25, 2006 | Murder | Mexican banda singer  | 27 years, 297 days  | [49]
Damien "Damo" Morris | May 22, 1980 | December 19, 2007 | Bus accident | Member of Australian deathcore band the Red Shore | 27 years, 211 days  | [83]
Orish Grinstead | June 2, 1980 | April 20, 2008 | Kidney failure  | Founding member of the R&B group 702 | 27 years, 323 days  | [84]
Jade Goody | June 5, 1981 | March 22, 2009 | Cervical cancer | Reality-television personality  | 27 years, 290 days  | [47][85]
Dash Snow | July 27, 1981 | July 13, 2009 | Drug overdose  | Artist  | 27 years, 351 days  | [86][87]
Amy Winehouse | September 14, 1983 | July 23, 2011 | Alcohol poisoning | Singer-songwriter  | 27 years, 312 days  | [59]
Richard Turner | July 30, 1984 | August 11, 2011 | Aortic rupture | Trumpet player, collaborator with Friendly Fires | 27 years, 12 days  | [88]
Nicole Bogner | March 22, 1984 | January 6, 2012 | Severe disease  | Singer for Visions of Atlantis | 27 years, 290 days  | [89]
Sahara Davenport | December 17, 1984 | October 1, 2012 | Heart failure  | Drag queen | 27 years, 289 days  | [90]
Christian Benítez | May 1, 1986 | July 29, 2013 | Respiratory failure | Footballer  | 27 years, 89 days  | [91]
Slađa Guduraš | August 11, 1987  | December 10, 2014  | Road accident  | Pop artist and actress  | 27 years, 121 days  | [92]
Stuart Baggs | July 23, 1988 | July 30, 2015 | Asthma attack  | Businessman  | 27 years, 7 days  | [93][94][95]
Tomas Lowe | May 1988  | February 13, 2016 | Car crash  | bassist of Viola Beach | 27 years, 9 months  | [96]
Thomas Fekete | July 1, 1988 | May 31, 2016 | Cancer | Guitarist of Surfer Blood | 27 years, 335 days  | [89]
Anton Yelchin | March 11, 1989 | June 19, 2016 | Car crash  | Actor, Chekov in the Star Trek reboot series | 27 years, 100 days  | [47]
Shot  | December 1, 1989 | September 21, 2017 | Diabetes  | Russian rapper  | 27 years, 294 days  | [97]
Kim Jong-hyun | April 8, 1990 | December 18, 2017 | Suicide | Vocalist and lyricist of Shinee | 27 years, 254 days  | [98][99]
Fredo Santana | July 4, 1990 | January 19, 2018 | Idiopathic epilepsy | American rapper  | 27 years, 199 days  | [100][101]
Tyler Skaggs | July 13, 1991 | July 1, 2019 | Asphyxia due to drug use  | American professional baseball starting pitcher | 27 years, 353 days  | [102]
Benjamin Keough | October 21, 1992 | July 12, 2020 | Suicide | Elvis Presley's grandson, son of Lisa Marie Presley and brother of Riley Keough | 27 years, 265 days  | [102]
Murda Killa [ru] | March 9, 1993 | July 13, 2020 | Asthma attack provoked by the use of alcohol and antidepressants | Russian rapper  | 27 years, 126 days  | [103]
Yoo Ju-eun [ko] | May 3, 1995 | August 29, 2022 | Suicide  | Korean actress  | 27 years, 118 days  | [104]
Walkie  | May 24, 1995 | September 30, 2022 | Suicide  | Russian battle rapper  | 27 years, 129 days  | [105]
Yung Trappa [ru] | August 14, 1995 | February 2, 2023 | Overdose | Russian rapper  | 27 years, 172 days  | [106]
Julián Figueroa [es] | May 27, 1995 | April 2, 2023 | Myocardial infarction and Ventricular fibrillation | Singer, actor, and composer  | 27 years, 310 days  | [107][108]
MohBad  | January 3, 1996 | September 12, 2023 | Undetermined  | Nigerian rapper  | 27 years, 252 days  | [109]
Chance Perdomo | October 19, 1996 | March 30, 2024 | Motorcycle accident | Actor  | 27 years, 163 days  | [110][111]
Dutty Dior | November 30, 1996 | April 6, 2024 | Undetermined  | Rapper  | 27 years, 128 days  | [112][113]

## See also

[edit]

* Biography portal
* Music portal

* Apophenia
* Curse of the ninth
* List of deaths in popular music
* List of murdered hip hop musicians
* Saturn return

## References

[edit]

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27. ^ Sounes (2013).
28. ^ Owen, Michael (February 2012). The 27 Club: Why Age 27 Is Important. Kahurangi Press. ISBN 978-0-473-20684-0.
29. ^ The Curse of 27: They Have Three Things in Common. Talent, Fame... and a Tragic Death at the Age of 27. the 27 Club. Forever 27. Pillar Box Red Publishing Limited. August 2011. ISBN 978-1-907823-22-0.
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32. ^ "What is the Rock and Roll 27 Club?". Mental Itch. December 13, 2017. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
33. ^ "Fringe Review: 'The 27 Club' at Warehouse". Maryland Theatre Guide. July 15, 2014. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
34. ^ John Craigie – Full Performance (Live on KEXP), March 19, 2019, archived from the original on August 17, 2022, retrieved February 8, 2024
35. ^ "Eric Burdon Speaks His Mind on New LP". Rolling Stone. February 5, 2013. Archived from the original on July 16, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
36. ^ Menshikov, Vitaly (November 21, 2013). "Review: The Twenty Seven Club". Progressor. Archived from the original on October 21, 2016. Retrieved March 15, 2016.
37. ^ Davis, Elizabeth (May 4, 2021). "The joy we take in watching colours fade: Our fascination with Kurt Cobain and The 27 Club". The Glitter and Gold. Archived from the original on July 2, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
38. ^ Blistein, Jon (October 2, 2019). "Mac Miller: Three Men Officially Charged in Connection with Rapper's Death". Rolling Stone. Retrieved April 27, 2025.
39. ^ Wete, Brad (August 22, 2016). "Frank Ocean's 'Blonde' Proves Why Artists Shouldn't Be Rushed". Billboard.
40. ^ "A conversation with JPEGMAFIA, the MC who raps like the internet feels". Dazed Digital. March 28, 2019. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
41. ^ "Adore Delano Talks New Punk Album 'Whatever', the '27 Club' & Being Nonbinary: 'Gender Isn't a Real Thing'". Billboard. Archived from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
42. ^ Mamo, Heran (December 19, 2019). "Here Are the Lyrics to Juice WRLD's 'Legends'". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 25, 2020. Retrieved March 13, 2020.
43. ^ Janes, Kesa (March 8, 2021). "Song Review: "La Di Die" by Nessa Barret ft. Jxdn". 89.1 the Point. Archived from the original on February 23, 2025. Retrieved February 23, 2025.
44. ^ "We Help a Rock Star Join Club 27 in Hitman's Bangkok Level". Outside Xbox. Archived from the original on March 6, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2019.
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51. ^ a b Parra, Eduardo (March 1, 2023). "Muertos a los 27: Las 30 celebridades integrantes del fatídico Club de los 27" [Dead at 27: The 30 Celebrities Members of the Fateful 27 Club]. Cinconoticias (in Spanish). Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 19, 2023.
52. ^ "Entramos al Club de los 27" (in Spanish). August 5, 2021. Archived from the original on April 12, 2024. Retrieved April 12, 2024. "Camilo Cienfuegos cumple los requisitos con excelencia: era una superestrella, y murió con 27 años. Pero no solo eso. Aunque existe una historia oficial y una historia chismeada, no nos casemos con ninguna, tengamos el beneficio de la duda. En primer lugar, su carrera estaba en pleno ascenso, como suele pasar con todos los del Club. Y en segundo lugar, su avión se perdió en el mar: muerte trágica y misteriosa. Hay quien afirma que no fue un accidente, sino que fue asesinado por Fidel." [Camilo Cienfuegos meets the requirements with excellence: he was a superstar, and he died at the age of 27. But not only that. Although there is an official story and a gossip story, let's not marry either, let's give ourselves the benefit of the doubt. Firstly, his career was in full ascendancy, as is usually the case with everyone at the Club. And secondly, his plane was lost at sea: a tragic and mysterious death. There are those who claim that it was not an accident, but that he was murdered by [[Fidel Castro]]]
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55. ^ a b Sounes (2013), p. 304.
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57. ^ "City, the number 27, Benjani, Marc-Vivien Foe". Retrieved January 6, 2025.
58. ^ "British Dickie Pride AKA Richard Charles Kneller, Dead At 27". Archived from the original on November 20, 2012.
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60. ^ Thomas Winkler (July 30, 2009). "Alexandras mysteriöse Biografie". Der Spiegel.
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62. ^ Tobler, John (1992). NME's Rock 'n' Roll Years, 1992. London: Hamlyn. p. 238\. ISBN 0-600-57602-7.
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64. ^ a b c Saunders, Christian (January 2012). "The Forever 27 Club". Fortean Times. Archived from the original on November 20, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
65. ^ "El coche nos los arrebató" [The car took them from us]. Con Plomo (in Spanish). Archived from the original on June 11, 2012. Retrieved June 26, 2012.
66. ^ "André Paiement Biographie Chronologique" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
67. ^ "From the ashes of tragedy CANO goes international | Maclean's | September 25, 1978". February 18, 2022. Archived from the original on February 18, 2022. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
68. ^ LaBruce, Bruce (November 17, 2016). "Bruce LaBruce's Academy of the Underrated: Daisy Miller". Talkhouse.com. Archived from the original on July 15, 2024. Retrieved July 15, 2024.
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71. ^ Khan, Murtaza Ali (January 25, 2019). "In search of Chamkila". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on April 4, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
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73. ^ "The Curse of 27". Angelfire. Archived from the original on December 19, 2022. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
74. ^ "Show Dimitar Voev its pig! "Voev is the Bulgarian representative in mythologizing "Club 27""". TEMADaily. October 17, 2012. Archived from the original on October 11, 2013. Retrieved June 25, 2015.
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76. ^ Parra, Eduardo (March 1, 2022). "Muertos a los 27: Las 30 celebridades integrantes del fatídico Club de los 27". Cinconoticias. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved February 11, 2023. "Entre las muertes de famosos más impactantes se cuenta la del futbolista colombiano Andrés Escobar, no sólo por la violencia con la que se ejecutó, sino también por la enorme injusticia que supuso su asesinato."
77. ^ Güimil, Eva (October 31, 2022). ""Al tío lo van a matar": la herida por el asesinato del futbolista Andrés Escobar intenta cerrarse 28 años después". El País. Archived from the original on May 22, 2023. Retrieved December 20, 2022.
78. ^ Stanley-Ayre, Sarah (February 27, 2015). "The Myth of the 27 Club | City Pages". Archived from the original on July 11, 2015.
79. ^ Reynolds, R.D (2004). The Death of WCW: WrestleCrap and Figure Four Weekly Present. ECW Press. p. 125\. ISBN 978-1554902552.
80. ^ Griffen, Brendan (March 28, 2014). "Music and Mortality". brendangriffen.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2014.
81. ^ Kantor, Jonathan H. (November 30, 2022). "All The Unfortunate Members Of The 27 Club". Nicki Swift. Archived from the original on January 15, 2024. Retrieved February 8, 2024.
82. ^ Edwards, Chance (July 27, 2021). The 27 Club: Curse or Coincidence?: The Incredible True Stories Behind Entertainment's Most Enduring Urban Legend. Nysa Media. Retrieved April 13, 2024.
83. ^ Rockers Who Died At age 27, September 18, 2015, archived from the original on April 7, 2019, retrieved May 15, 2018
84. ^ H, Jim (January 21, 2010). "The 27 Club". Historic Mysteries. Archived from the original on March 8, 2019. Retrieved June 29, 2017.
85. ^ Mercury, Sunday (October 23, 2012) [Originally published March 25, 2009]. "Is Jade Goody the latest victim of Club 27?". Birmingham Mail. Archived from the original on September 23, 2019. Retrieved May 1, 2023.
86. ^ Marche, Stephen (July 18, 2009). "Messy life, clichéd death for prince of hipsters". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
87. ^ Carlson, Jen (July 15, 2009). "Dash Snow Remembered By New York". Gothamist. Archived from the original on December 9, 2019. Retrieved September 15, 2019.
88. ^ Smith, K. Alexander. "Richard Turner of Friendly Fires: 1984–2011 (Archived)". Paste Magazine. Archived from the original on August 21, 2011. Retrieved August 29, 2011.
89. ^ a b Hartmann, Graham. "27 Rockers Who Died At The Age of 27". Loudwire. Archived from the original on May 24, 2022. Retrieved June 23, 2022.
90. ^ "What is the 27 Club?". The Scotsman. July 23, 2020. Archived from the original on May 10, 2023. Retrieved May 30, 2023.
91. ^ "Benítez: La 'maldición' de los 27 ataca los atletas" [Benítez: The 'curse' of 27 attacks athletes]. Diario Libre (in Spanish). July 31, 2013. Archived from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved July 17, 2021.
92. ^ Cronström, Michael (May 7, 2015). "Hall of Fame eller Hall of Shame" [Hall of Fame or Hall of Shame]. Yle.fi (in Swedish). Retrieved March 31, 2025. "One of the countless legends in rock music claims that 27 is a particularly dangerous age. As proof, they usually list a number of musicians who died at that age, the so-called 27 club."
93. ^ "Apprentice star Stuart 'The Brand' Baggs dies aged 27". July 30, 2015. Archived from the original on March 8, 2024. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
94. ^ "Apprentice star Stuart Baggs death: Family 'shattered'". BBC News. July 31, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2024.
95. ^ "Lord Sugar, celebrities and former Apprentice contestants pay tribute to Stuart Baggs". Independent.co.uk. July 31, 2015.
96. ^ Staff (June 20, 2016). "The curse of the '27 Club' strikes again after Star Trek actor Anton Yelchin dies". BBC News. Archived from the original on January 8, 2024. Retrieved January 8, 2024.
97. ^ "Klub 27, spisok izvestnykh muzykantov, prichiny smerti, videoposvyashcheniye" Клуб 27, список известных музыкантов, причины смерти, видеопосвящение [Club 27, list of famous musicians, causes of death, video dedication]. FTimes.ru (in Russian). May 2, 2020. Archived from the original on March 4, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
98. ^ "K-pop star Kim Jong Hyun joins the ill-fated '27 Club'". The Straits Times. Agence France-Presse. December 19, 2017. Archived from the original on April 7, 2023. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
99. ^ Frater, Patrick (December 18, 2017). "Jonghyun of Korean Pop Group Shinee Dies at 27". Variety. Archived from the original on December 18, 2019. Retrieved December 22, 2017.
100. ^ Duff, Seamus (January 20, 2018). "As Rapper Fredo Santana 'Dies Aged 27', Other Stars Who Make Up Tragic Club 27 – Including Amy Winehouse, Jimi Hendrix and Kurt Cobain". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on July 5, 2019. Retrieved January 20, 2018.
101. ^ "The cause of Chicago rapper Fredo Santana's death has been determined". The FADER. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2019.
102. ^ a b Chelsea Duff (July 16, 2021). "The 27 Club Is Tragic—See All the Stars Who Died at the Young Age". In Touch Weekly. Archived from the original on April 6, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
103. ^ "Stala izvestna prichina smerti rossiyskogo repera Murda Killa" Стала известна причина смерти российского рэпера Murda Killa [The cause of death of the Russian rapper Murda Killa became known]. Газета.Ru (in Russian). July 16, 2020. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved October 6, 2021.
104. ^ "Diduga Tewas Bunuh Diri, Yoo Joo Eun Menambah Deretan Club 27" [Allegedly Dead by Suicide, Yoo Joo Eun Adds to List of Club 27]. kumparan.com (in Indonesian). August 29, 2022. Retrieved August 29, 2022.
105. ^ "Sotsseti soobshchili o gibeli repera Walkie v Krasnodare" Соцсети сообщили о гибели рэпера Walkie в Краснодаре [Social networks reported the death of rapper Walkie in Krasnodar]. Bloknot-krasnodar.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
106. ^ Yung Trappa умер. Rest in peace
107. ^ "Julián Figueroa se suma al 'Club de los 27'; ellos son los artistas que murieron a esta edad" [Julián Figueroa joins the 'Club of 27'; they are the artists who died at this age]. Milenio (in Spanish). April 10, 2023. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
108. ^ "El Club de los 27: ¿Por qué se relaciona con Julián Figueroa?" [The Club of 27: Why is it related to Julián Figueroa?]. Fox Sports (in Spanish). April 10, 2023. Archived from the original on April 12, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
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## Bibliography

[edit]

* Sounes, Howard (2013). 27: A History of the 27 Club through the Lives of Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain, and Amy Winehouse. Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-82168-4. pp. 304, 306.
* Dunning, Brian (October 24, 2023). "Skeptoid #907: The Science of the 27 Club". Skeptoid.

* v
* t
* e

Superstition

Main topics|

* Amulet
* Evil eye
* Luck
* Omen
* Talismans
* Myth and ritual

Lists|

* List of superstitions
* List of lucky symbols
* List of bad luck signs
* Sailors' superstitions
* Theatrical superstitions

Africa|

* Superstition in Ethiopia
* Buda
* Gris-gris
* Sampy
* Sleeping child

Americas|

* Ascalapha odorata
* Bermuda Triangle
* Brujería
* Carranca
* Cooties
* Curse of Tippecanoe
* Curupira
* Djucu
* Fortune cookie
* Groundhog Day
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* Oscar love curse
* Susto
* Veve
* White lighter myth
* Witch window

Asia|

* Superstition in India
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* Barang
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Europe|

* August curse
* Barbary macaques in Gibraltar
* Bayern-luck
* Blarney Stone
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* Superstition in Britain
* Superstition in Serbia
* Spilling water for luck
* The Scottish Play
* Troll cross
* Tycho Brahe days
* Witch post
* Wolfssegen

General|

* 1 (Ace of spades)
* 3 (Three on a match)
* 4 (Four-leaf clover, tetraphobia)
* 7 (Seventh son of a seventh son)
* 11:11
* 13 (Friday the 13th, The Thirteen Club, thirteenth floor, triskaidekaphobia)
* 17 (Heptadecaphobia)
* 27 (27 Club)
* 39 (Curse of 39)
* 666 (Number of the Beast)
* Auspicious wedding dates
* Baseball superstition
* Beginner's luck
* Black cat
* Bread and butter
* Break a leg
* Bullroarer
* Chain letter
* Cramp-ring
* Curse
* Davy Jones' Locker
* Dead man's hand
* End-of-the-day betting effect
* Fear of frogs
* Fear of ghosts
* Fertility rite
* First-foot
* Flying Dutchman
* Four eleven forty-four
* Gambler's conceit
* Good luck charm
* Human sacrifice
* Jinx
* Hex
* Knocking on wood
* Law of contagion
* Literomancy
* Lock of hair
* Maternal impression
* Miasma theory
* Nelson
* Numerophobia
* Numismatic charm
* Penny
* Rabbit's foot
* Rainmaking
* Ship sponsor
* Shoes on a table
* Sign of the horns
* Something old
* Spilling salt
* Statue rubbing
* Threshold
* Toi toi toi
* Wishing well
* Witch ball
* Witching hour

Related|

* Apophenia
* Apotropaic magic
* Astrology and science
* Coincidence
* Debunker
* Divination
* Folk religion
* Fortune-telling
* Magic and religion
* Magical thinking
* Numerology
* Obsessive–compulsive disorder
* Perceptions of religious imagery in natural phenomena
* Post hoc ergo propter hoc
* Questionable cause
* Superstition in Judaism
* Superstitions in Muslim societies
* Traditional medicine
* Urban legend

* v
* t
* e

Urban legends

* List

By region|

| North America|

* 27 Club
* White lighter curse
* 2016 clown sightings
* The Baby-Roast
* The babysitter and the man upstairs
* The Backrooms
* Bermuda Triangle
* Bloody Mary
* Coghlan's coffin
* Chase Vault
* Cow tipping
* The Dark Side of the Rainbow
* John Fare
* Gasoline pill
* The Hook
* Killer in the backseat
* The Licked Hand
* Lighthouse and naval vessel
* Litter boxes in schools hoax
* Men in black
* Momo Challenge
* Sad Satan
* Snuff films
* The Spooklight
* Tayopa
* Frank Tower
* Vanishing hitchhiker

Canada|

* Angikuni's disappeared Inuit village
* Oak Island money pit
* Screaming Tunnel
* St. Louis light
* Thetis Lake Monster

United
States|

* Aurora
* Baby Train
* Ben Drowned
* Black children as alligator bait
* Black Dog of the Hanging Hills
* Black-eyed children
* Blue star tattoo
* Boy Scout Lane
* Brown Mountain lights
* Bunny Man
* Charlie No-Face
* Chimera House
* Choking Doberman
* Jeff the Killer
* 2017 stabbing and shooting
* Rodney Cox
* Rudolph Fentz
* Goatmen
* Goatman's Bridge
* Maryland's Goatman
* Pope Lick Monster
* Lake Worth Monster
* The Hands Resist Him
* Haunchyville
* JATO Rocket Car
* Kay's Cross
* Kennedy curse
* Lincoln–Kennedy coincidences
* Lost Dutchman's Mine
* Melon heads
* Mel's Hole
* Midgetville
* Night Doctors
* Phantom social workers
* Philadelphia Experiment
* Poisoned candy
* Polybius
* Sightings of Elvis Presley
* Richmond Vampire
* Ronald Opus
* Seven Gates of Hell
* Sewer alligators
* Slender Man
* 2014 stabbing
* Tourist guy

Continental and
mainland Asia|

* Colonel Tomb
* Nale Ba
* SS Ourang Medan
* Orang Minyak

India|

* Indian rope trick
* Monkey-man of Delhi

Japan|

* Curse of the Colonel
* Aka Manto ("Red Cape")
* Hanako-san of the Toilet
* Headless Rider
* Inunaki Village
* John Zegrus
* Kisaragi Station
* Kokkuri
* Kuchisake-onna ("Slit-Mouthed Woman")
* Kunekune ("Wriggling Body")
* Lavender Town
* Red Room Curse
* 'Sony timer'
* Teke Teke

Philippines|

* Biringan City
* Yamashita's gold

Continental
Europe|

* And yet it moves
* Black Volga
* Ghost of Kyiv
* Herobrine
* Konstantinos Koukidis
* Le Loyon
* Pérák
* Red mercury
* Silverpilen
* This Man

France|

* Angels of Mons
* Vanishing Hotel Room

Germany|

* German Corpse Factory
* Lampshades made from human skin
* Soap made from human corpses
* Lone gunner of Flesquières
* Nazi UFOs

Poland|

* Kraina Grzybów TV
* Nazi gold train
* Zegrze Reservoir Monster

Soviet Union/Russia|

* Legends of Catherine the Great
* Lenin was a mushroom
* Hitler's pet alligator
* Well to Hell
* White Tights

Spain|

* Castilian lisp
* Sacamantecas
* Santa Compaña

United Kingdom|

* 999 phone charging myth
* Baby Train
* Black dog
* The Crying Boy
* The Dark Side of the Rainbow
* HMS Friday
* Phantom social workers
* The Spider Bite
* Strategic steam reserve
* RMS Titanic

England|

* British big cats
* University of Cambridge legends
* Croydon Cat Killer
* Isaac Newton's dog
* Drake's Drum
* Manchester Pusher
* Man Proposes, God Disposes
* Mistletoe bough
* Paul is dead
* Ratman of Southend
* Spring-heeled Jack
* Sweeney Todd

Africa|

* Elephants' graveyard
* Guegue
* Madam Koi Koi

Oceania|

* Bass Strait Triangle

Australia|

* Baby Train
* Harold Holt disappearance rumours
* Flora and Fauna Act
* Mahogany Ship
* Poinciana Woman

New Zealand|

* Canterbury Panther
* Lyall's wren extinction
* Moa sightings
* Waitoreke

South America|

* James Bartley
* Treasure of Lima

Topic articles|

* Creepypastas
* Legends and myths regarding the Titanic
* McDonald's urban legends
* Time travel claims and urban legends
* Urban legends about drugs

Theorists
and analysis|

* Jan Harold Brunvand
* Hoax Slayer
* Linda Dégh
* Gary Alan Fine
* Patricia Turner
* Snopes

TV series|

* Beyond Belief: Fact or Fiction
* MythBusters
* Urban Legends
* Channel Zero

In fiction|

* _9MOTHER9HORSE9EYES9
* Candyman franchise
* No Through Road
* Petscop
* SCP Foundation
* Urban Legend (film series)

Related|

* List of creepypastas
* List of cryptids
* Lists of fictional species
* Lists of legendary creatures

* Category

*[c.]: circa
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template