43rd United States Congress

1873-1875 U.S. Congress

43rd United States Congress

42nd ←

→ 44th

United States Capitol (1877)

* * *

March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875

* * *

Members| 74 senators
292 representatives
10 non-voting delegates
Senate majority| Republican
Senate President| Henry Wilson (R)
House majority| Republican
House Speaker| James G. Blaine (R)
Sessions
Special[a]: March 4, 1873 – March 26, 1873
1st: December 1, 1873 – June 23, 1874
2nd: December 7, 1874 – March 4, 1875

The 43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census.

Both chambers had a Republican majority. This is the last time Republicans held a 2/3 majority in the Senate.

## Major events

[edit]

See also: 1873 in the United States, 1874 in the United States, and 1875 in the United States

* September 18, 1873: New York stock market crash triggered the Panic of 1873, part of the Long Depression
* November 4, 1874: United States House of Representatives elections, 1874 -Democrats regained control of the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time since 1860
* November 25, 1874: United States Greenback Party established as a political party, made primarily of farmers financially hurt by the Panic of 1873

## Major legislation

[edit]

Main article: List of United States federal legislation § 43rd United States Congress

* June 22, 1874: Revised Statutes of the United States
* June 23, 1874: Poland Act, 18 Stat. 253
* January 14, 1875: Specie Payment Resumption Act ch. 15, 18 Stat. 296
* March 1, 1875: Civil Rights Act of 1875, (Butler-Sumner Act) 18 Stat. 335
* March 3, 1875: Tariff of 1875
* March 3, 1875: Page Act of 1875, 18 Stat. 477

## Treaties

[edit]

* March 18, 1874: Hawaii signed a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.

## Party summary

[edit]

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

### Senate

[edit]

Senators of the 43rd United States Congress | Party
(shading shows control) | Total  | Vacant

|
|
|

| | |
Democratic
(D)  | Anti-
Monopoly
(AM)| Liberal
Republican
(LR)| Republican
(R)
End of previous congress |  17 |  0 |  1 |  54 | 72  | 2
Begin |  19 |  0 |  3 |  50 |  72  |  2
End|  20|  2|  51|  73| 1
Final voting share|  27.4% |  0.0% |  2.7% |  69.9% |
Beginning of next congress |  28 |  1 |  0 |  43 | 72  | 2

### House of Representatives

[edit]

Before this Congress, the 1870 United States census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 292 members.

| Party
(shading shows control) | Total  | Vacant

|
|
|

| | | | |
Democratic
(D)  | Independent
Democratic
(ID)| Independent
(I)| Independent
Republican
(IR)| Liberal
Republican
(LR)| Republican
(R)
End of previous congress |  97 |  0 |  0 |  1 |  4 |  140 | 242  | 1
Begin |  87 |  1 |  0 |  0 |  4 |  198 |  290  |  2
End|  91|  1|  193
Final voting share|  31.4% |  0.3% |  0.0% |  0.3% |  1.4% |  66.6% |
Beginning of next congress |  177 |  1 |  4 |  3 |  0 |  101 | 286  | 5

## Leadership

[edit]

President of the Senate
Henry Wilson

### Senate

[edit]

* President: Henry Wilson (R)
* President pro tempore: Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
* Henry B. Anthony (R), elected January 25, 1875.

### House of Representatives

[edit]

* Speaker: James G. Blaine (R)
* Republican Conference Chairman: Horace Maynard
* Democratic Caucus Chairman: William E. Niblack

## Members

[edit]

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class and Members of the House by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

### Senate

[edit]

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1874; class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1876; and class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1878.

#### Alabama

[edit]

▌2\. George Goldthwaite (D)
▌3\. George E. Spencer (R)

#### Arkansas

[edit]

▌2\. Powell Clayton (R)
▌3\. Stephen W. Dorsey (R)

#### California

[edit]

▌1\. Eugene Casserly (D), until November 29, 1873

▌John S. Hager (D), from December 23, 1873
▌3\. Aaron A. Sargent (R)

#### Connecticut

[edit]

▌1\. William A. Buckingham (R), until February 5, 1875

▌William W. Eaton (D), from February 5, 1875
▌3\. Orris S. Ferry (LR)

#### Delaware

[edit]

▌1\. Thomas F. Bayard Sr. (D)
▌2\. Eli Saulsbury (D)

#### Florida

[edit]

▌1\. Abijah Gilbert (R)
▌3\. Simon B. Conover (R)

#### Georgia

[edit]

▌2\. Thomas M. Norwood (D)
▌3\. John B. Gordon (D)

#### Illinois

[edit]

▌2\. John A. Logan (R)
▌3\. Richard J. Oglesby (R)

#### Indiana

[edit]

▌1\. Daniel D. Pratt (R)
▌3\. Oliver H. P. T. Morton (R)

#### Iowa

[edit]

▌2\. George G. Wright (R)
▌3\. William B. Allison (R)

#### Kansas

[edit]

▌2\. Alexander Caldwell (R), until March 24, 1873

▌Robert Crozier (R), November 24, 1873 - February 12, 1874
▌James M. Harvey (R), from February 12, 1874
▌3\. John J. Ingalls (R)

#### Kentucky

[edit]

▌2\. John W. Stevenson (D)
▌3\. Thomas C. McCreery (D)

#### Louisiana

[edit]

▌2\. J. Rodman West (R)
3: vacant

#### Maine

[edit]

▌1\. Hannibal Hamlin (R)
▌2\. Lot M. Morrill (R)

#### Maryland

[edit]

▌1\. William T. Hamilton (D)
▌3\. George R. Dennis (D)

#### Massachusetts

[edit]

▌1\. Charles Sumner (LR), until March 11, 1874

▌William B. Washburn (R), from April 17, 1874
▌2\. George S. Boutwell (R), from March 17, 1873

#### Michigan

[edit]

▌1\. Zachariah Chandler (R)
▌2\. Thomas W. Ferry (R)

#### Minnesota

[edit]

▌1\. Alexander Ramsey (R)
▌2\. William Windom (R)

#### Mississippi

[edit]

▌1\. Adelbert Ames (R), until January 10, 1874

▌Henry R. Pease (R), from February 3, 1874
▌2\. James L. Alcorn (R)

#### Missouri

[edit]

▌1\. Carl Schurz (R)
▌3\. Lewis V. Bogy (D)

#### Nebraska

[edit]

▌1\. Thomas Tipton (R)
▌2\. Phineas Hitchcock (R)

#### Nevada

[edit]

▌1\. William M. Stewart (R)
▌3\. John P. Jones (R)

#### New Hampshire

[edit]

▌2\. Aaron H. Cragin (R)
▌3\. Bainbridge Wadleigh (R)

#### New Jersey

[edit]

▌1\. John P. Stockton (D)
▌2\. Frederick T. Frelinghuysen (R)

#### New York

[edit]

▌1\. Reuben E. Fenton (R)
▌3\. Roscoe Conkling (R)

#### North Carolina

[edit]

▌2\. Matt W. Ransom (D)
▌3\. Augustus S. Merrimon (D)

#### Ohio

[edit]

▌1\. Allen G. Thurman (D)
▌3\. John Sherman (R)

#### Oregon

[edit]

▌2\. James K. Kelly (D)
▌3\. John H. Mitchell (R)

#### Pennsylvania

[edit]

▌1\. John Scott (R)
▌3\. Simon Cameron (R)

#### Rhode Island

[edit]

▌1\. William Sprague IV (R)
▌2\. Henry B. Anthony (R)

#### South Carolina

[edit]

▌2\. Thomas J. Robertson (R)
▌3\. John J. Patterson (R)

#### Tennessee

[edit]

▌1\. William G. Brownlow (R)
▌2\. Henry Cooper (D)

#### Texas

[edit]

▌1\. James W. Flanagan (R)
▌ 2\. Morgan C. Hamilton (LR)

#### Vermont

[edit]

▌1\. George F. Edmunds (R)
▌3\. Justin S. Morrill (R)

#### Virginia

[edit]

▌1\. John F. Lewis (R)
▌2\. John W. Johnston (D)

#### West Virginia

[edit]

▌1\. Arthur I. Boreman (R)
▌2\. Henry G. Davis (D)

#### Wisconsin

[edit]

▌1\. Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
▌3\. Timothy O. Howe (R)
|  Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 43rd Congress in March 1873. The green stripes represent Liberal Republicans. One of Louisiana's seats was never filled.

2 Democrats

1 Democrat and 1 Republican

2 Republicans

Territories

|  President pro tempore Matthew H. Carpenter President pro tempore Henry B. Anthony

|
|
|

### House of Representatives

[edit]

The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

#### Alabama

[edit]

▌1. Frederick G. Bromberg (LR)
▌2. James T. Rapier (R)
▌3. Charles Pelham (R)
▌4. Charles Hays (R)
▌5. John H. Caldwell (D)
▌6. Joseph H. Sloss (D)
▌At-large. Charles C. Sheats (R)
▌At-large. Alexander White (R)

#### Arkansas

[edit]

▌1. Asa Hodges (R)
▌2. Oliver P. Snyder (R)
▌3. William W. Wilshire (R), until June 16, 1874

▌Thomas M. Gunter (D), from June 16, 1874
▌At-large. William J. Hynes (LR)

#### California

[edit]

▌1. Charles Clayton (R)
▌2. Horace F. Page (R)
▌3. John K. Luttrell (D)
▌4. Sherman O. Houghton (R)

#### Connecticut

[edit]

▌1. Joseph R. Hawley (R)
▌2. Stephen W. Kellogg (R)
▌3. Henry H. Starkweather (R)
▌4. William H. Barnum (D)

#### Delaware

[edit]

▌At-large. James R. Lofland (R)

#### Florida

[edit]

▌At-large. Josiah T. Walls (R)
▌At-large. William J. Purman (R), until January 25, 1875

#### Georgia

[edit]

▌1. Morgan Rawls (D), until March 24, 1874

▌Andrew Sloan (R), from March 24, 1874
▌2. Richard H. Whiteley (R)
▌3. Philip Cook (D)
▌4. Henry R. Harris (D)
▌5. James C. Freeman (R)
▌6. James H. Blount (D)
▌7. Pierce M. B. Young (D)
▌8. Alexander H. Stephens (D), from December 1, 1873
▌9. Hiram P. Bell (D)

#### Illinois

[edit]

▌1. John B. Rice (R), until December 17, 1874

▌Bernard G. Caulfield (D), from February 1, 1875
▌2. Jasper D. Ward (R)
▌3. Charles B. Farwell (R)
▌4. Stephen A. Hurlbut (R)
▌5. Horatio C. Burchard (R)
▌6. John B. Hawley (R)
▌7. Franklin Corwin (R)
▌8. Greenbury L. Fort (R)
▌9. Granville Barrere (R)
▌10. William H. Ray (R)
▌11. Robert M. Knapp (D)
▌12. James C. Robinson (D)
▌13. John McNulta (R)
▌14. Joseph G. Cannon (R)
▌15. John R. Eden (D)
▌16. James S. Martin (R)
▌17. William R. Morrison (D)
▌18. Isaac Clements (R)
▌19. Samuel S. Marshall (D)

#### Indiana

[edit]

▌1. William E. Niblack (D)
▌2. Simeon K. Wolfe (D)
▌3. William S. Holman (D)
▌4. Jeremiah M. Wilson (R)
▌5. John Coburn (R)
▌6. Morton C. Hunter (R)
▌7. Thomas J. Cason (R)
▌8. James N. Tyner (R)
▌9. John P. C. Shanks (R)
▌10. Henry B. Sayler (R)
▌At-large. Jasper Packard (R)
▌At-large. Godlove S. Orth (R)
▌At-large. William Williams (R)

#### Iowa

[edit]

▌1. George W. McCrary (R)
▌2. Aylett R. Cotton (R)
▌3. William G. Donnan (R)
▌4. Henry O. Pratt (R)
▌5. James Wilson (R)
▌6. William Loughridge (R)
▌7. John A. Kasson (R)
▌8. James W. McDill (R)
▌9. Jackson Orr (R)

#### Kansas

[edit]

▌At-large. Stephen A. Cobb (R)
▌At-large. David P. Lowe (R)
▌At-large. William A. Phillips (R)

#### Kentucky

[edit]

▌1. Edward Crossland (D)
▌2. John Y. Brown (D)
▌3. Charles W. Milliken (D)
▌4. William B. Read (D)
▌5. Elisha D. Standiford (D)
▌6. William E. Arthur (D)
▌7. James B. Beck (D)
▌8. Milton J. Durham (D)
▌9. George M. Adams (D)
▌10. John D. Young (D)

#### Louisiana

[edit]

▌1. J. Hale Sypher (R), until March 3, 1875

▌Effingham Lawrence (D), from March 3, 1875
▌2. Lionel A. Sheldon (R)
▌3. Chester B. Darrall (R)
▌4. George L. Smith (R), from November 24, 1873
▌5. Frank Morey (R)
▌At-large. George A. Sheridan (LR) from March 3, 1875

#### Maine

[edit]

▌1. John H. Burleigh (R)
▌2. William P. Frye (R)
▌3. James G. Blaine (R)
▌4. Samuel F. Hersey (R), until February 3, 1875
▌5. Eugene Hale (R)

#### Maryland

[edit]

▌1. Ephraim K. Wilson II (D)
▌2. Stevenson Archer (D)
▌3. William J. O'Brien (D)
▌4. Thomas Swann (D)
▌5. William Albert (R)
▌6. Lloyd Lowndes Jr. (R)

#### Massachusetts

[edit]

▌1. James Buffington (R)
▌2. Benjamin W. Harris (R)
▌3. William Whiting (R), until June 29, 1873

▌Henry L. Pierce (R), from December 1, 1873
▌4. Samuel Hooper (R)
▌5. Daniel W. Gooch (R)
▌6. Benjamin F. Butler (R)
▌7. Ebenezer R. Hoar (R)
▌8. John M. S. Williams (R)
▌9. George F. Hoar (R)
▌10. Alvah Crocker (R), until December 26, 1874

▌Charles A. Stevens (R), from January 27, 1875
▌11. Henry L. Dawes (R)

#### Michigan

[edit]

▌1. Moses W. Field (R)
▌2. Henry Waldron (R)
▌3. George Willard (R)
▌4. Julius C. Burrows (R)
▌5. Wilder D. Foster (R), until September 20, 1873

▌William B. Williams (R), from December 1, 1873
▌6. Josiah Begole (R)
▌7. Omar D. Conger (R)
▌8. Nathan B. Bradley (R)
▌9. Jay A. Hubbell (R)

#### Minnesota

[edit]

▌1. Mark H. Dunnell (R)
▌2. Horace B. Strait (R)
▌3. John T. Averill (R)

#### Mississippi

[edit]

▌1. Lucius Q. C. Lamar (D)
▌2. Albert R. Howe (R)
▌3. Henry W. Barry (R)
▌4. Jason Niles (R)
▌5. George C. McKee (R)
▌6. John R. Lynch (R)

#### Missouri

[edit]

▌1. Edwin O. Stanard (R)
▌2. Erastus Wells (D)
▌3. William H. Stone (D)
▌4. Robert A. Hatcher (D)
▌5. Richard P. Bland (D)
▌6. Harrison E. Havens (R)
▌7. Thomas T. Crittenden (D)
▌8. Abram Comingo (D)
▌9. Isaac C. Parker (R)
▌10. Ira B. Hyde (R)
▌11. John B. Clark Jr. (D)
▌12. John M. Glover (D)
▌13. Aylett H. Buckner (D)

#### Nebraska

[edit]

▌At-large. Lorenzo Crounse (R)

#### Nevada

[edit]

▌At-large. Charles W. Kendall (D)

#### New Hampshire

[edit]

▌1. William B. Small (R)
▌2. Austin F. Pike (R)
▌3. Hosea W. Parker (D)

#### New Jersey

[edit]

▌1. John W. Hazelton (R)
▌2. Samuel A. Dobbins (R)
▌3. Amos Clark Jr. (R)
▌4. Robert Hamilton (D)
▌5. William W. Phelps (R)
▌6. Marcus L. Ward (R)
▌7. Isaac W. Scudder (R)

#### New York

[edit]

▌1. Henry J. Scudder (R)
▌2. John G. Schumaker (D)
▌3. Stewart L. Woodford (R), until July 1, 1874

▌Simeon B. Chittenden (IR), from November 3, 1874
▌4. Philip S. Crooke (R)
▌5. William R. Roberts (D)
▌6. James Brooks (D), until April 30, 1873

▌Samuel S. Cox (D), from November 4, 1873
▌7. Thomas J. Creamer (D)
▌8. John D. Lawson (R)
▌9. David B. Mellish (R), until May 23, 1874

▌Richard Schell (D), from December 7, 1874
▌10. Fernando Wood (D)
▌11. Clarkson N. Potter (D)
▌12. Charles St. John (R)
▌13. John O. Whitehouse (D)
▌14. David M. De Witt (D)
▌15. Eli Perry (D)
▌16. James S. Smart (R)
▌17. Robert S. Hale (R)
▌18. William A. Wheeler (R)
▌19. Henry H. Hathorn (R)
▌20. David Wilber (R)
▌21. Clinton L. Merriam (R)
▌22. Ellis H. Roberts (R)
▌23. William E. Lansing (R)
▌24. R. Holland Duell (R)
▌25. Clinton D. MacDougall (R)
▌26. William H. Lamport (R)
▌27. Thomas C. Platt (R)
▌28. H. Boardman Smith (R)
▌29. Freeman Clarke (R)
▌30. George G. Hoskins (R)
▌31. Lyman K. Bass (R)
▌32. Walter L. Sessions (R)
▌At-large. Lyman Tremain (R)

#### North Carolina

[edit]

▌1. Clinton L. Cobb (R)
▌2. Charles R. Thomas (R)
▌3. Alfred M. Waddell (D)
▌4. William A. Smith (R)
▌5. James M. Leach (D)
▌6. Thomas S. Ashe (D)
▌7. William M. Robbins (D)
▌8. Robert B. Vance (D)

#### Ohio

[edit]

▌1. Milton Sayler (D)
▌2. Henry B. Banning (LR)
▌3. John Q. Smith (R)
▌4. Lewis B. Gunckel (R)
▌5. Charles N. Lamison (D)
▌6. Isaac R. Sherwood (R)
▌7. Lawrence T. Neal (D)
▌8. William Lawrence (R)
▌9. James W. Robinson (R)
▌10. Charles Foster (R)
▌11. Hezekiah S. Bundy (R)
▌12. Hugh J. Jewett (D), until June 23, 1874

▌William E. Finck (D), from December 7, 1874
▌13. Milton I. Southard (D)
▌14. John Berry (D)
▌15. William P. Sprague (R)
▌16. Lorenzo Danford (R)
▌17. Laurin D. Woodworth (R)
▌18. James Monroe (R)
▌19. James A. Garfield (R)
▌20. Richard C. Parsons (R)

#### Oregon

[edit]

▌At-large. Joseph G. Wilson (R), until July 2, 1873

▌James W. Nesmith (D), from December 1, 1873

#### Pennsylvania

[edit]

▌1. Samuel J. Randall (D)
▌2. Charles O'Neill (R)
▌3. Leonard Myers (R)
▌4. William D. Kelley (R)
▌5. Alfred C. Harmer (R)
▌6. James S. Biery (R)
▌7. Washington Townsend (R)
▌8. Hiester Clymer (D)
▌9. A. Herr Smith (R)
▌10. John W. Killinger (R)
▌11. John B. Storm (D)
▌12. Lazarus D. Shoemaker (R)
▌13. James D. Strawbridge (R)
▌14. John B. Packer (R)
▌15. John A. Magee (D)
▌16. John Cessna (R)
▌17. R. Milton Speer (D)
▌18. Sobieski Ross (R)
▌19. Carlton B. Curtis (R)
▌20. Hiram L. Richmond (R)
▌21. Alexander W. Taylor (R)
▌22. James S. Negley (R)
▌23. Ebenezer McJunkin (R), until January 1, 1875

▌John M. Thompson (R), from January 5, 1875
▌24. William S. Moore (R)
▌At-large. Charles Albright (R)
▌At-large. Glenni W. Scofield (R)
▌At-large. Lemuel Todd (R)

#### Rhode Island

[edit]

▌1. Benjamin T. Eames (R)
▌2. James M. Pendleton (R)

#### South Carolina

[edit]

▌1. Joseph Rainey (R)
▌2. Alonzo J. Ransier (R)
▌3. Robert B. Elliott (R), until November 1, 1874

▌Lewis C. Carpenter (R), from November 3, 1874
▌4. Alexander S. Wallace (R)
▌At-large. Richard H. Cain (R)

#### Tennessee

[edit]

▌1. Roderick R. Butler (R)
▌2. Jacob M. Thornburgh (R)
▌3. William Crutchfield (R)
▌4. John M. Bright (D)
▌5. Horace Harrison (R)
▌6. Washington C. Whitthorne (D)
▌7. John D. C. Atkins (D)
▌8. David A. Nunn (R)
▌9. Barbour Lewis (R)
▌At-large. Horace Maynard (R)

#### Texas

[edit]

▌1. William S. Herndon (D)
▌2. William P. McLean (D)
▌3. De Witt C. Giddings (D)
▌4. John Hancock (D)
▌At-large. Roger Q. Mills (D)
▌At-large. Asa H. Willie (D)

#### Vermont

[edit]

▌1. Charles W. Willard (R)
▌2. Luke P. Poland (R)
▌3. George W. Hendee (R)

#### Virginia

[edit]

▌1. James B. Sener (R)
▌2. James H. Platt Jr. (R)
▌3. J. Ambler Smith (R)
▌4. William H. H. Stowell (R)
▌5. Alexander Davis (D), until March 5, 1874

▌Christopher Thomas (R), from March 5, 1874
▌6. Thomas Whitehead (D)
▌7. John T. Harris (D)
▌8. Eppa Hunton, II (D)
▌9. Rees Bowen (D)

#### West Virginia

[edit]

▌1. John J. Davis (ID)
▌2. John Hagans (R)
▌3. Frank Hereford (D)

#### Wisconsin

[edit]

▌1. Charles G. Williams (R)
▌2. Gerry W. Hazelton (R)
▌3. J. Allen Barber (R)
▌4. Alexander Mitchell (D)
▌5. Charles A. Eldredge (D)
▌6. Philetus Sawyer (R)
▌7. Jeremiah M. Rusk (R)
▌8. Alexander S. McDill (R)

#### Non-voting members

[edit]

▌Arizona Territory. Richard C. McCormick (NU)
▌Colorado Territory. Jerome B. Chaffee (R)
▌Dakota Territory. Moses K. Armstrong (D)
▌District of Columbia. Norton P. Chipman (R)
▌Idaho Territory. John Hailey (D)
▌Montana Territory. Martin Maginnis (D)
▌New Mexico Territory. Stephen B. Elkins (R)
▌Utah Territory. George Q. Cannon (R)
▌Washington Territory. Obadiah B. McFadden (D)
▌Wyoming Territory. William R. Steele (D)
|  | House seats by party holding plurality in state

80+% Democratic

80+% Republican

60+% to 80% Democratic

60+% to 80% Republican

Up to 60% Democratic

Up to 60% Republican

Speaker James G. Blaine

## Changes in membership

[edit]

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

### Senate

[edit]

* Replacements: 5
* Democratic: 1 seat net gain
* Republican: no net change
* Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
* Deaths: 3
* Resignations: 3
* Interim appointments: 1
* Vacancy: 1
* Total seats with changes: 7

See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate

Senate changes  State
(class)  | Vacated by  | Reason for change  | Successor  | Date of successor's
formal installation[b]

|
|
|
|

Massachusetts (2)  | Vacant  | Henry Wilson resigned in previous congress after becoming Vice President of the United States.
Successor elected March 17, 1873.  | George S. Boutwell (R)  | March 17, 1873
Mississippi (1)  | Adelbert Ames (R)  | Resigned March 17, 1873, after being elected Governor of Mississippi.
Successor elected February 3, 1874.  | Henry R. Pease (R)  | February 3, 1874
Kansas (2)  | Alexander Caldwell (R)  | Resigned March 24, 1873.
Successor appointed November 24, 1873.  | Robert Crozier (R)  | November 24, 1873
California (1)  | Eugene Casserly (D)  | Resigned November 29, 1873.
Successor elected December 23, 1873.  | John S. Hager (D)  | December 23, 1873
Kansas (2)  | Robert Crozier (R)  | Interim appointee retired when successor elected February 2, 1874.  | James M. Harvey (R)  | February 2, 1874
Massachusetts (1)  | Charles Sumner (LR)  | Died March 11, 1874.
Successor elected April 17, 1874.  | William B. Washburn (R)  | April 17, 1874
Connecticut (1)  | William A. Buckingham (R)  | Died February 5, 1875.
Successor appointed February 5, 1875, having already been elected to the next tern.  | William W. Eaton (D)  | February 5, 1875

### House of Representatives

[edit]

* Replacements: 15
* Democratic: 3 seat net gain
* Republican: 4 seat net loss
* Liberal Republican: 1 seat net gain
* Deaths: 8
* Resignations: 5
* Contested election: 4
* Total seats with changes: 19

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

House changes  District  | Vacated by  | Reason for change  | Successor  | Date of successor's
formal installation[b]

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|

Louisiana 4th | Vacant  | Rep-elect Samuel Peters died before taking seat  | George L. Smith (R)  | November 24, 1873
Georgia 8th | Vacant  | Rep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seat  | Alexander H. Stephens (D)  | December 1, 1873
New York 6th | James Brooks (D)  | Died April 30, 1873  | Samuel S. Cox (D)  | November 4, 1873
Massachusetts 3rd | William Whiting (R)  | Died June 29, 1873  | Henry L. Pierce (R)  | December 1, 1873
Oregon At-large | Joseph G. Wilson (R)  | Died July 2, 1873  | James Nesmith (D)  | December 1, 1873
Michigan 5th | Wilder D. Foster (R)  | Died September 20, 1873  | William B. Williams (R)  | December 1, 1873
Virginia 5th | Alexander Davis (D)  | Lost contested election March 5, 1874  | Christopher Thomas (R)  | March 5, 1874
Georgia 1st | Morgan Rawls (D)  | Lost contested election March 24, 1874  | Andrew Sloan (R)  | March 24, 1874
New York 9th | David B. Mellish (R)  | Died May 23, 1874  | Richard Schell (D)  | December 7, 1874
Arkansas 3rd | William W. Wilshire (R)  | Lost contested election June 16, 1874  | Thomas M. Gunter (D)  | June 16, 1874
Ohio 12th | Hugh J. Jewett (D)  | Resigned June 23, 1874, after becoming President of the Erie Railroad | William E. Finck (D)  | December 7, 1874
New York 3rd | Stewart L. Woodford (R)  | Resigned July 1, 1874  | Simeon B. Chittenden (IR)  | November 3, 1874
South Carolina 3rd | Robert B. Elliott (R)  | Resigned November 1, 1874  | Lewis C. Carpenter (R)  | November 3, 1874
Illinois 1st | John B. Rice (R)  | Died December 17, 1874  | Bernard G. Caulfield (D)  | February 1, 1875
Massachusetts 10th | Alvah Crocker (R)  | Died December 26, 1874  | Charles A. Stevens (R)  | January 27, 1875
Pennsylvania 23rd | Ebenezer McJunkin (R)  | Resigned January 1, 1875  | John M. Thompson (R)  | January 5, 1875
Florida At-large | William J. Purman (R)  | Resigned January 25, 1875  | Vacant  | Not filled this term
Maine 4th | Samuel F. Hersey (R)  | Died February 3, 1875  | Vacant  | Not filled this term
Louisiana 1st | J. Hale Sypher (R)  | Lost contested election March 3, 1875  | Effingham Lawrence (D)  | March 3, 1875
Louisiana At-Large | Vacant  | Contested election originally won by Pinckney Pinchback | George A.Sheridan (R)  | March 3, 1875

## Committees

[edit]

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

### Senate

[edit]

* Agriculture (Chairman: Frederick T. Frelinghuysen; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
* Appropriations (Chairman: Lot M. Morrill; Ranking Member: William B. Allison)
* Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Matthew H. Carpenter; Ranking Member: George R. Dennis)
* Civil Service and Retrenchment (Chairman: George G. Wright; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe)
* Claims (Chairman: John Scott; Ranking Member: George S. Boutwell)
* Commerce (Chairman: Zachariah Chandler; Ranking Member: George S. Boutwell)
* Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
* District of Columbia (Chairman: John F. Lewis; Ranking Member: John P. Jones)
* Education and Labor (Chairman: James W. Flanagan; Ranking Member: Oliver P. Morton)
* Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Thomas F. Bayard; Ranking Member: Henry Cooper)
* Finance (Chairman: John Sherman; Ranking Member: Thomas W. Ferry)
* Foreign Relations (Chairman: Simon Cameron; Ranking Member: Roscoe Conkling)
* Indian Affairs (Chairman: William A. Buckingham; Ranking Member: John J. Ingalls)
* Judiciary (Chairman: George F. Edmunds; Ranking Member: George G. Wright)
* Manufactures (Chairman: Thomas J. Robertson; Ranking Member: Reuben E. Fenton)
* Military Affairs (Chairman: John A. Logan; Ranking Member: Bainbridge Wadleigh)
* Mines and Mining (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: George Goldthwaite)
* Mississippi River Levee System (Select)
* Naval Affairs (Chairman: Aaron H. Cragin; Ranking Member: Simon B. Conover)
* Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
* Outrages in Southern States (Select)
* Patents (Chairman: Orris S. Ferry; Ranking Member: William T. Hamilton)
* Pensions (Chairman: Daniel D. Pratt; Ranking Member: Morgan C. Hamilton)
* Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: Alexander Ramsey; Ranking Member: John P. Jones)
* Private Land Claims (Chairman: Allen G. Thurman; Ranking Member: Thomas F. Bayard)
* Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Oliver P. Morton; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
* Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Justin S. Morrill; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson)
* Public Lands (Chairman: William Sprague; Ranking Member: Bainbridge Wadleigh)
* Railroads (Chairman: William M. Stewart; Ranking Member: Timothy O. Howe)
* Removal of Political Disabilities (Select)
* Retrenchment
* Revision of the Laws (Chairman: Hannibal Hamlin; Ranking Member: James L. Alcorn)
* Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: William G. Brownlow; Ranking Member: John W. Johnston)
* Rules (Select)
* Tariff Regulation (Select)
* Territories (Chairman: Arthur I. Boreman; Ranking Member: John J. Patterson)
* Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select) (Chairman: William Windom; Ranking Member: John H. Mitchell)
* Whole

### House of Representatives

[edit]

* Accounts (Chairman: James Buffington; Ranking Member: Alexander S. Wallace)
* Agriculture (Chairman: Charles Hays; Ranking Member: Sobieski Ross)
* Appropriations (Chairman: James A. Garfield; Ranking Member: James N. Tyner)
* Alabama Affairs (Select)
* Arkansas Affairs (Select)
* Banking and Currency (Chairman: Horace Maynard; Ranking Member: Jay Abel Hubbell)
* Claims (Chairman: John B. Hawley; Ranking Member: Julius C. Burrows)
* Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Samuel Hooper; Ranking Member: Horace B. Strait)
* Commerce (Chairman: William A. Wheeler; Ranking Member: Richard C. Parsons)
* District of Columbia (Chairman: Alfred C. Harmer; Ranking Member: Charles Pelham)
* Education and Labor (Chairman: James Monroe; Ranking Member: Alexander S. McDill)
* Elections (Chairman: Horace B. Smith; Ranking Member: Horace H. Harrison)
* Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: Jackson Orr; Ranking Member: James C. Robinson)
* Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: James B. Sener; Ranking Member: Robert M. Speer)
* Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Julius C. Burrows; Ranking Member: John A. Magee)
* Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Henry W. Barry; Ranking Member: Pierce M. B. Young)
* Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: William R. Morrison)
* Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: J. Hale Sypher; Ranking Member: John G. Schumaker)
* Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: William Williams; Ranking Member: John M. Bright)
* Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: R. Holland Duell; Ranking Member: Henry O. Pratt)
* Freedmen's Affairs (Chairman: Clinton L. Cobb; Ranking Member: J. Allen Barber)
* Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Godlove Stein Orth; Ranking Member: William J. Albert)
* Indian Affairs (Chairman: John T. Averill; Ranking Member: John D. Lawson)
* Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Jeremiah McLain Rusk; Ranking Member: William B. Small)
* Judiciary (Chairman: Benjamin F. Butler; Ranking Member: Alexander White)
* Manufactures (Chairman: Charles B. Farwell; Ranking Member: Laurin D. Woodworth)
* Mileage (Chairman: Hezekiah S. Bundy; Ranking Member: James W. Nesmith)
* Military Affairs (Chairman: John Coburn; Ranking Member: Clinton D. MacDougall)
* Militia (Chairman: Roderick R. Butler; Ranking Member: Josiah T. Walls)
* Mines and Mining (Chairman: David P. Lowe; Ranking Member: Christopher C. Sheats)
* Naval Affairs (Chairman: Glenni W. Scofield; Ranking Member: John H. Burleigh)
* Pacific Railroads (Chairman: Philetus Sawyer; Ranking Member: James W. McDill)
* Patents (Chairman: Omar D. Conger; Ranking Member: Henry B. Sayler)
* Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John B. Packer; Ranking Member: Stephen A. Cobb)
* Private Land Claims (Chairman: Jasper Packard; Ranking Member: James C. Freeman)
* Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: James H. Platt Jr.; Ranking Member: Lloyd Lowndes Jr.)
* Public Expenditures (Chairman: Harrison E. Havens; Ranking Member: Josiah W. Begole)
* Public Lands (Chairman: Washington Townsend; Ranking Member: William A. Phillips)
* Railways and Canals (Chairman: George W. McCrary; Ranking Member: Alexander W. Taylor)
* Reform on Civil Service (Chairman: Stephen W. Kellogg; Ranking Member: James D. Strawbridge)
* Revision of Laws (Chairman: Luke P. Poland; Ranking Member: William S. Moore)
* Revolutionary Pensions and War of 1812 (Chairman: Lazarus D. Shoemaker; Ranking Member: William Crutchfield)
* Rules (Select) (Chairman: James G. Blaine; Ranking Member: Samuel S. Cox)
* Standards of Official Conduct
* Territories (Chairman: George C. McKee; Ranking Member: Greenbury L. Fort)
* War Claims (Chairman: William Lawrence; Ranking Member: Abraham H. Smith)
* Ways and Means (Chairman: Henry L. Dawes; Ranking Member: Lionel A. Sheldon)
* Whole

### Joint committees

[edit]

* Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
* Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Rep. Chester B. Darrall; Vice Chairman: Rep. Henry R. Harris)
* Inquire into the Affairs of the District of Columbia (Select) (Chairman: Rep. Jeremiah M. Wilson; Vice Chairman: Rep. Hugh J. Jewett)
* The Library (Chairman: Rep. William P. Frye; Vice Chairman: Rep. Hiester Clymer)
* Printing (Chairman: Rep. William G. Donnan; Vice Chairman: Rep. Alfred M. Waddell)

## Caucuses

[edit]

* Democratic (House)
* Democratic (Senate)

## Employees

[edit]

### Legislative branch agency directors

[edit]

* Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
* Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford

### Senate

[edit]

* Chaplain: John P. Newman (Methodist), until December 8, 1873
* Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), elected December 8, 1873
* Librarian: George S. Wagner
* Secretary: George C. Gorham
* Sergeant at Arms: John R. French

### House of Representatives

[edit]

* Chaplain: John G. Butler (Presbyterian)
* Clerk: Edward McPherson
* Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: John M. Barclay
* Doorkeeper: Otis S. Buxton
* Postmaster: Henry Sherwood, elected December 1, 1873
* Reading Clerks: Charles N. Clisbee (D) and William K. Mehaffey (R)
* Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway

## See also

[edit]

* 1872 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
* 1872 United States presidential election
* 1872–73 United States Senate elections
* 1872–73 United States House of Representatives elections
* 1874 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
* 1874–75 United States Senate elections
* 1874–75 United States House of Representatives elections

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Special session of the Senate.
2. ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

## References

[edit]

* Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
* Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.

## External links

[edit]

* Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
* Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
* House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
* Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
* U.S. House of Representatives: House History
* U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
* Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session. U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1873.
* Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session (1st Revision). U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1874.
* Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session (2nd Revision). 1874.
* Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 2nd Session. U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1874.
* Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 2nd Session (Revision). U.S. Govt. Print. Off., etc. 1875.

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