49er (dinghy)

Olympic sailing class

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Class symbol

Development
Boat
Crew| 2 (double trapeze)
Draft| 1,447 mm (4 ft 9 in)
Hull
Hull weight| 94 kg (207 lb)
LOA| 4,876 mm (16 ft)
Beam| without wings:
1,752 mm (5 ft 9 in)
with wings:
2,743 mm (9 ft 0 in)
Sails
Spinnaker area| 37.16 m2 (400 sq ft)
Upwind sail area| 19.97 m2 (215 sq ft)
Racing
D-PN| 68.2[1]
RYA PN| 710[2]
Current Olympic equipment

[edit on Wikidata]

The 49er and 49er FX is a two-handed skiff-type high-performance sailing dinghy. The two crew work on different roles with the helm making many tactical decisions, as well as steering, and the crew doing most of the sail control. Both of the crew are equipped with their own trapeze and sailing is done while cantilevered over the water to the fullest extent to balance against the sails.

The 49er was designed by Julian Bethwaite (the son of Frank Bethwaite) and developed by a consortium consisting of Bethwaites, Performance Sailcraft Japan, Peter Johnston, and Ovington boats.[3] The boat has been an Olympic class since it was selected by the International Sailing Federation to be the men's high performance double handed dinghy Sydney Summer Games of 2000. Its derivative featuring a re-designed rig, the 49er FX, was selected by World Sailing to be the women's high performance double-hander at the Rio Summer Olympics of 2016.

## History

[edit]

The 49er's name comes from its hull length of 4.99 metres (16 ft 4 in). It incorporates ideas developed in Julian Bethwaite's 18ft Skiffs, notably the Prime Computer series of boats, which were double handers.[4]

To handle a large and powerful sail area, the mast uses a square topped sail that causes the upper main to twist off and flatten, allowing a controllable sail with fast gust response and reducing the heeling moment. The use of solid wings, rather than tubes as on similar boats (RS800 etc.), makes it easier for the crew to run across the deck from gunwale to gunwale during maneuvers.

49er skiffs in a race 49ers at the Extreme Sailing Series in Boston harbor preparing to race, 4th of July, 2011

The 49er made its first Olympic appearance at the Sydney Olympics in 2000 and has continued to grow in popularity ever since.

With a Portsmouth yardstick Handicap of 740 the 49er is the fastest two person one-design monohull dinghy.

In 2009 the boat received a new rig design, including a larger fully carbon mast (replacing the aluminum mast) and square top (roach) mainsail.[5]

## Construction

[edit]

As a one design class, the 49er has two licensed suppliers, Mackay Boats in Oceania and Ovington in Europe.

### Hull

[edit]

The hull is made of Epoxy GRP and foam sandwich laminate with carbon fibre in high load areas. It includes two solid wings, also called racks, that clip into the side to increase righting moment of the trapezing crew.[6] Its length was fixed at 4.99 metres because the ISAF brief for the high performance Olympic class dinghy called for a 5-metre boat, but Tokao Otani, a member of the development consortium, pointed out that there was a tariff in Japan for boats over 5 metres long.[3] It has a fine entry to efficiently transition between the low speed displacement, and high speed planing modes.[7] According to the International 49er class rules, the minimum hull weight including all permanent fittings can not be less than 94.0 kg.[8]

49er at the 2012 London Olympic Games

### Spars

[edit]

Southern Spars, part of the North Technology Group, is the licensed supplier of the 49er mast. It is a three piece male-moulded assembly made from 100% standard modulus carbon.[9] It is 7.0 metres tall and capable of supporting a combined crew weight up to 165 kg from its dual trapeze. The mast is braced by three sets of shrouds that connect to a fitting on the side of the boat. The crew is able to adjust them by tightening or loosening them, depending on the wind speed and sea states.[10]

The boom is made from an aluminium alloy extrusion.

### Foils

[edit]

The rudder and daggerboard are made from a composite of epoxy, carbon and glass, covered by a hard gelcoat surface. The head of each class legal foil carries the embossed 49er logo and the ICA label.[8]

### Sails

[edit]

The 49er carries three sails: a mainsail, jib, and spinnaker. The main and jib combined are 20 square metres, fully battened and made of reinforced Mylar (film polyester). The main was redesigned in 2007 from a full, curved roach plan to having a square on top in order to provide more sail area and to control more shape adjustment. The spinnaker is 38 square metres in a tri-radial asymmetric shape.[6]

## Events

[edit]

### Olympics

[edit]

#### Men's 49er

[edit]

Games

* v
* t
* e

| Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

2000 Sydney
details |  Finland (FIN)
Thomas Johanson
Jyrki Järvi |  Great Britain (GBR)
Ian Barker
Simon Hiscocks |  United States (USA)
Jonathan McKee
Charlie McKee
2004 Athens
details |  Spain (ESP)
Iker Martínez
Xabier Fernández |  Ukraine (UKR)
Rodion Luka
George Leonchuk |  Great Britain (GBR)
Chris Draper
Simon Hiscocks
2008 Beijing
details |  Denmark (DEN)
Jonas Warrer
Martin Kirketerp |  Spain (ESP)
Iker Martínez de Lizarduy
Xabier Fernández |  Germany (GER)
Jan-Peter Peckolt
Hannes Peckolt
2012 London
details |  Australia (AUS)
Nathan Outteridge
Iain Jensen |  New Zealand (NZL)
Peter Burling
Blair Tuke |  Denmark (DEN)
Allan Nørregaard
Peter Lang
2016 Rio de Janeiro
details |  New Zealand (NZL)
Peter Burling
Blair Tuke |  Australia (AUS)
Nathan Outteridge
Iain Jensen |  Germany (GER)
Erik Heil
Thomas Plößel
2020 Tokyo
details |  Great Britain (GBR)
Dylan Fletcher
Stuart Bithell |  New Zealand (NZL)
Peter Burling
Blair Tuke |  Germany (GER)
Erik Heil
Thomas Plößel
2024 Paris
details |  |  |

#### Women's 49er FX

[edit]

Games

* v
* t
* e

| Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

2016 Rio de Janeiro
details |  Brazil (BRA)
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  New Zealand (NZL)
Alex Maloney
Molly Meech |  Denmark (DEN)
Jena Mai Hansen
Katja Salskov-Iversen
2020 Tokyo
details |  Brazil (BRA)
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  Germany (GER)
Tina Lutz
Susann Beucke |  Netherlands (NED)
Annemiek Bekkering
Annette Duetz
2024 Paris
details |  |  |

### World Championships

[edit]

Main article: 49er & 49er FX World Championships

#### Men's 49er

[edit]

Year

* v
* t
* e

| Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

1997 Perth  |  Australia
Chris Nicholson
Daniel Phillips |  United States
Jonathan McKee
Charles McKee |  United States
Morgan Larson
Kevin Hall
1998 Bandol  |  Australia
Chris Nicholson
Daniel Phillips |  Great Britain
Andy Budgen
Ian Budgen |  United States
Morgan Larson
Kevin Hall
1999 Melbourne  |  Australia
Chris Nicholson
Ed Smyth |  Australia
Adam Beashel
Teague Czislowski |  United States
Morgan Larson
Kevin Hall
2000 Sonora Bay  |  Spain
Santiago López-Vázquez
Javier de la Plaza |  Germany
Marcus Baur
Philip Barth |  Finland
Thomas Johanson
Jyrki Järvi
2001 Malcesine  |  United States
Jonathan McKee
Charles McKee |  Spain
Iker Martínez
Xabier Fernández |  Ukraine
Rodion Luka
George Leonchuk
2002 Kaneohe Bay  |  Spain
Iker Martínez
Xabier Fernández |  Great Britain
Christopher Draper
Simon Hiscocks |  Great Britain
Paul Brotherton
Mark Asquith
2003 Cádiz  |  Great Britain
Christopher Draper
Simon Hiscocks |  Norway
Christoffer Sundby
Frode Bovim |  Ukraine
Rodion Luka
George Leonchuk
2004 Athens  |  Spain
Iker Martínez
Xabier Fernández |  Great Britain
Christopher Draper
Simon Hiscocks |  Germany
Marcus Baur
Max Groy
2005 Moscow  |  Ukraine
Rodion Luka
George Leonchuk |  Great Britain
Christopher Draper
Simon Hiscocks |  Italy
Pietro Sibello
Gianfranco Sibello
2006 Aix-le-Bain  |  Great Britain
Christopher Draper
Simon Hiscocks |  Greece
Thanasis Pakhoumas
Athanasios Siouzios |  Great Britain
Stevie Morrison
Ben Rhodes
2007 Cascais  |  Great Britain
Stevie Morrison
Ben Rhodes |  Austria
Nico Delle Karth
Nikolaus Resch |  Australia
Nathan Outteridge
Ben Austin
2008 Melbourne  |  Australia
Nathan Outteridge
Ben Austin |  Great Britain
Stevie Morrison
Ben Rhodes |  Ukraine
Rodion Luka
George Leonchuk
2009 Riva del Garda |  Australia
Nathan Outteridge
Iain Jensen |  Great Britain
John Pink
Rick Peacock |  Italy
Pietro Sibello
Gianfranco Sibello
2010 Port Lucaya |  Spain
Iker Martínez
Xabier Fernández |  Australia
Nathan Outteridge
Iain Jensen |  Italy
Pietro Sibello
Gianfranco Sibello
2011 Perth |  Australia
Nathan Outteridge
Iain Jensen |  New Zealand
Peter Burling
Blair Tuke |  Denmark
Emil Toft Nielsen
Simon Toft Nielsen
2012 Zadar |  Australia
Nathan Outteridge
Iain Jensen |  New Zealand
Peter Burling
Blair Tuke |  Denmark
Allan Nørregaard
Peter Lang

#### Women's 49er FX

[edit]

Year

* v
* t
* e

| Gold  | Silver  | Bronze

|
|
|

2013 Marseille |  New Zealand
Alex Maloney
Molly Meech |  Brazil
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  France
Sarah Steyaert
Julie Bossard
2014 Santander
details |  Brazil
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  Denmark
Ida Marie Baad Nielsen
Marie Thusgaard Olsen |  Italy
Giulia Conti
Francesca Clapcich
2015 Buenos Aires
details |  Italy
Giulia Conti
Francesca Clapcich |  Brazil
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  Denmark
Ida Marie Baad Nielsen
Marie Thusgaard Olsen
2016 Clearwater[11] |  Spain
Támara Echegoyen
Berta Betanzos |  Denmark
Maiken Foght Schütt
Anne-Julie Schütt |  Germany
Victoria Jurczok
Anika Lorenz
2017 Matosinhos[12]
details |  Denmark
Jena Hansen
Katja Salskov-Iversen |  Brazil
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  New Zealand
Alex Maloney
Molly Meech
2018 Aarhus[13]
details |  Netherlands
Annemiek Bekkering
Annette Duetz |  Austria
Tanja Frank
Lorena Abicht |  Great Britain
Sophie Weguelin
Sophie Ainsworth
2019 Auckland[14]
details |  Netherlands
Annemiek Bekkering
Annette Duetz |  Brazil
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze |  Denmark
Ida Marie Baad Nielsen
Marie Thusgaard Olsen
2020 Geelong[15]
details |  Spain
Támara Echegoyen
Paula Barceló |  Great Britain
Charlotte Dobson
Saskia Tidey |  United States
Stephanie Roble
Maggie Shea
2021 Wudam Al Sahil[16]
details |  Netherlands
Odile van Aanholt
Elise de Ruijter |  Norway
Helene Næss
Marie Rønningen |  Brazil
Martine Grael
Kahena Kunze
2022 St. Margarets Bay[17]
details |  Netherlands
Odile van Aanholt
Annette Duetz |  Sweden
Vilma Bobeck
Rebecca Netzler |  Spain
Támara Echegoyen
Paula Barceló
2023 The Hague[18]
details |  Sweden
Vilma Bobeck
Rebecca Netzler |  Netherlands
Odile van Aanholt
Annette Duetz |  Australia
Olivia Price
Evie Haseldine
2024 Lanzarote[19]
details |  Netherlands
Odile van Aanholt
Annette Duetz |  Sweden
Vilma Bobeck
Rebecca Netzler |  Italy
Jana Germani
Giorgia Bertuzzi

## Related boats

[edit]

The 49er FX was developed by Mackay Boats to be a women's Olympic class. It consists of a 49er hull, wings, and foils, with a scaled down rig designed to suit the weight of an elite female crew.

The 29er is a smaller, single trapeze trainer to the 49er. It has become popular in North America, Europe and Australia as a fast youth boat. Recently the 29erXX, a twin trapeze version of the 29er, has been produced with a rig very similar to the 49er.

The 59er dinghy was put into production in Australia and the UK in 2002. It is a non-trapeze, 4.7-metre (15 ft 5 in) sailing dinghy, rigged with an asymmetrical spinnaker. It is designed for a crew weight of 145 to 180 kg (320 to 400 lb).

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Centerboard Classes". US Sailing. Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
2. ^ "Portsmouth Number List 2017". Royal Yachting Association. Archived from the original on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 22 March 2017.
3. ^ a b Bethwaite, Frank (2008). Higher performance sailing. London: Adlard Coles Nautical. ISBN 9781408101261. OCLC 854680844.
4. ^ "Prime Computer Skiff". 20 February 2015.
5. ^ "49er Class". 49er.org. Archived from the original on 27 January 2010. Retrieved 26 January 2010.
6. ^ a b "49er shop". Ovington Boats. Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
7. ^ "Design Elements". 26 May 2023.
8. ^ a b "International 49er Class Rules" (PDF). 2016. pp. 11 & 16\. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 13 May 2022.
9. ^ "49er Mast Users Manual" (PDF). MackayBoats. SouthernSpars. 2010.
10. ^ "49er". SouthernSpars. Archived from the original on 28 June 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2015.
11. ^ "2016 World Championship". 49er.org.
12. ^ "2017 World Championship in Porto". 49er.org.
13. ^ "2018 World Championship in Aarhus". manage2sail.com.
14. ^ "2019 World Championship in Auckland".
15. ^ "2020 World Championship in Geelong".
16. ^ "2021 World Championship in Wudam Al Sahil".
17. ^ "2022 World Championship in St. Margarets Bay".
18. ^ "2023 World Championship in The Hague".
19. ^ "2024 World Championship in Lanzarote".

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 49er.

* International 49er Class Association
* UK 49er Class Association
* ISAF 49er Microsite

* v
* t
* e

Olympic sailing classes

Current classes|

* 470
* 49er
* 49erFX
* Finn
* Formula Kite
* IQFoil
* Laser
* Laser Radial
* Nacra 17

Former classes
(In order of first use)|

* Ton classes (0–½, ½–1, 1–2, 2–3, 3–10, 10–20, 20+ & Open)
* 6 Metre
* 7 Metre
* 8 Metre
* 12 Metre
* 10 Metre
* 12 foot dinghy
* 18 foot dinghy
* 6.5 Metre
* 8.5 Metre
* 9 Metre
* 15 Metre
* Skerry cruiser 30 m2
* Skerry cruiser 40 m2
* French National Monotype 1924
* Snowbird
* Star
* O-Jolle
* Firefly
* Swallow
* Dragon
* 5.5 Metre
* 12 m2 Sharpie
* Flying Dutchman
* Tempest
* Soling
* Tornado
* Windglider
* Division II
* Lechner A-390
* Europe
* Mistral One Design
* Yngling
* RS:X
* Elliott 6m

Youth classes|

* Nacra 15
* Techno 293

Former youth classes|

* Byte

* v
* t
* e

Classes of World Sailing

Current Olympic classes|

* 470
* 49er
* 49er FX
* Finn
* IQFoil
* Laser Standard
* Laser Radial
* Nacra 17

World Sailing centreboard classes|

* 29er
* 420
* 505
* B14
* Byte
* Cadet
* Contender
* Enterprise
* Europe
* Fireball
* Flying Dutchman
* GP14
* International 14
* International FJ
* Laser 4.7
* Lightning
* Mirror
* Moth
* Musto Skiff
* O'PEN Skiff
* OK Dinghy
* Optimist
* RS Feva
* RS Tera
* RS100
* RS500
* Snipe
* Splash
* Sunfish
* Tasar
* Topper
* Vaurien
* Zoom 8

World Sailing keelboat classes|

* 2.4 mR
* 5.5 m
* 6 mR
* 8 mR
* 12 mR
* Dragon
* Etchells
* FarEast 28
* Flying Fifteen
* Hansa 2.3
* Hansa 303
* Hansa Liberty
* H-boat
* International One Design
* J/22
* J/24
* J/70
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* Melges 20
* Melges 24
* Melges 32
* Micro
* Platu 25
* RC44
* SB20
* Shark 24
* Soling
* Sonar
* Star
* Tempest
* Viper 640
* Yngling

World Sailing yacht classes|

* Class40
* ClubSwan 50
* Farr 40
* IMOCA 60
* J/111
* Maxi
* Soto 40
* Swan 45
* TP 52
* X-35
* X-41

World Sailing multihull classes|

* A-Class
* Dart 18
* Formula 16
* Formula 18
* Hobie 14
* Hobie 16
* Hobie 17
* Hobie Dragoon
* Hobie Tiger
* Hobie Wildcat
* Nacra 15
* Nacra 17
* Nacra F18 Infusion
* Nacra 20 Carbon
* M32
* SL 16
* Topcat K1
* Tornado
* Viper F16

World Sailing windsurfer classes|

* Formula Experience
* Formula Windsurfing
* Funboard
* Kona
* Mistral
* Raceboard
* RS:One
* Speed Windsurfing
* Techno 293
* IQFoil

World Sailing kiteboarding classes|

* IKA Open
* Formula Kite
* IKA Twin Top Racing
* IKA Twin Top Freestyle
* IKA Twin Top Kitefoil

IRSA remote-control classes|

* 10 rater
* A Class
* Marblehead
* One Metre

Former World Sailing classes|

* 11:Metre One Design
* 29erXX
* Aloha
* Buzz
* C-Class
* Division I
* Division II
* Division III
* Elliott 6m
* Farr 30 (Mumm 30)
* Farr 45
* Farr Maxi One Design
* Hobie 17
* Hobie 18
* IOD
* ISO
* Laser 2
* Laser Vago
* Lechner A-390
* Mistral Junior
* Mumm 36
* Nacra F18
* Open 50
* ORMA 60
* Sydney 40
* Ultimate 20
* Windglider
* X-99

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Sailing dinghies

Dinghies under 10 ft|

* Cape Cod Frosty
* Flipper (US)
* Frog
* El Toro
* Fatty Knees
* Fly
* Holdfast Trainer
* Manly Junior
* Minto
* Montgomery 7-11
* Naples Sabot
* O'PEN Skiff
* Optimist
* P Class
* Pelican
* Sabot
* Shrimp
* Starling
* Tadpole
* Topaz Taz
* US Sabot
* Zoom 8

Dinghies under 15 ft|

| 0–K|

* 10ft Skiff
* 12 foot dinghy
* 125
* 145
* 12ft Skiff
* 29er
* 29erXX skiff
* 2000
* 3000
* 420
* 470
* American 14.6
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* Coypu
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* Designers Choice
* Dolphin 15 Senior
* Echo 12
* Enterprise
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* Finn
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* GP14
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* Gull
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* International 14
* International FJ
* Javelin (NZ)
* Javelin (US)
* Jet 14
* Jollyboat (NZ)
* Kite

|

L–Z|

* Lark
* Laser Standard
* Laser 2
* Laser 3000
* Laser 4.7
* Laser 5000
* Laser Pico
* Laser Radial
* Laser Vago
* Laser Vortex
* Lehman 12
* Lehman Interclub
* Lido 14
* Mark
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* Melges 14
* Merlin Rocket
* Metaf
* Metcalf
* MG14
* Minisail
* Miracle
* Mirror
* Montgomery 7-11
* Montgomery 12
* Moth
* Musto Skiff
* National 12
* NS14
* OK Dinghy
* Otter
* Pacer
* Pegasus
* Penguin
* Phantom 14
* Phantom
* Precision 13
* Precision 14
* Puffer
* Rascal 14
* RS Aero
* RS Feva
* RS Neo
* RS Quest
* RS Tera
* RS Vareo
* RS100
* RS200
* RS300
* RS400
* RS500
* RS600
* RS700
* RS800
* Sabre
* Scorpion
* Skimmer
* Skipjack 15
* Skunk 11
* Snark
* Snowbird
* Solo
* Speedball 14
* Spindrift 13
* Spiral
* Splash
* Streaker
* Sunburst
* Sunfish
* Surprise 15
* Tanzer 14
* Tasar
* Tech Dinghy
* Topper
* Topper Topaz
* Topaz Magno
* Topaz Vibe
* Transit 380
* Twitchell 12
* Vagabond
* Vaurien
* Wanderer
* Waszp
* Water Wag
* Widgeon 12
* Woodpussy
* Zeddie
* Zephyr

Dinghies under 20 ft|

| 0–K|

* 16ft Skiff
* 18 foot dinghy
* 18ft Skiff
* 470
* 49er
* 505
* Albacore
* Apollo 16
* Australian Sharpie
* Beaufort
* Bombardier 4.8
* Buccaneer 18
* Cape Cod Gemini
* Cape Cod Mercury 15
* Caprice 15
* CL 16
* Comet (US)
* Contender
* Coronado 15
* Corsair
* Day Sailer
* Flying Dutchman
* Flying Scot
* French National Monotype 1924
* Geary 18
* Gloucester 15
* Hampton One-Design
* Holiday 20
* Hornet
* Interlake
* International Canoe
* ISO
* Jacksnipe
* Javelin (Europe)
* Jersey Skiff
* Jollyboat (UK)
* Jolly Boat
* JY15

|

L–Z|

* Laser 4000
* Laser Stratos
* Leeward 16
* Lelievlet
* Lightning
* Melges 15
* Menger Cat 15
* Mirror 16
* Mistral 16
* Mobjack
* Mud Hen 17
* Mutineer 15
* O-Jolle
* Paceship 20
* Payne-Mortlock sailing canoe
* Picnic 17
* Pirate
* Precision 15 CB
* Precision 16
* Precision 185 CB
* Ranger 16
* Rebel 16
* Rhodes 18
* Rhodes 19
* RS Vision
* RS700
* RS800
* RS Venture
* S2 5.5
* Salcombe Yawl
* Sea Bright
* Sea Scout Standard Boat (BP18)
* Snipe
* Tanzer 16
* 12m2 Sharpie
* Thistle
* Topaz Omega
* US1
* Vanguard 15
* Wayfarer
* Windmill
* Windy
* Winkle Brig
* X Boat

Dinghies 20 ft or over|

* Dovekie 21
* Highlander
* Norfolk Punt
* Sea Pearl 21

Scows|

* A Scow
* Butterfly
* C Scow
* E Scow
* Fireball
* Flipper (Danish)
* I-20
* Melges 17
* M Scow
* MC Scow
* Puddle Duck Racer
* Thames A-class rater
* Y Flyer

Multihulls|

| Catamarans|

* A-Class
* Catalina Catamaran
* Cheshire 14
* Dart 16
* Dart 18
* DC-14 Phantom
* Flying Phantom Elite
* Flying Phantom Essentiel
* Formula 16
* Formula 18
* G-Cat 5.0
* G-Cat 5.7
* Hobie 14
* Hobie 16
* Hobie 17
* Hobie Bravo
* Hobie Dragoon
* Hobie Tiger
* Hobie Wave
* Hobie Wildcat
* Isotope
* Kona 14
* Nacra 5.2
* Nacra 15
* Nacra F16
* Nacra 17
* Nacra F18 Infusion
* Nacra 20 Carbon
* M32
* Phantom 14
* Phantom 16
* Phoenix 18
* Prindle 18
* Prindle 18-2
* Shearwater III
* SL 16
* Topcat K1
* Tornado
* Trac 14
* Trac 16
* Viper F16

|

Trimarans|

* Astus 14.1
* Wētā

Authority control databases: Artists |

* KulturNav

|

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