83rd Wisconsin Legislature

Wisconsin legislative term for 1977–1978

83rd Wisconsin Legislature

| <-| 82nd | 84th| ->

|
|
|

Wisconsin State Capitol

Overview
Legislative body| Wisconsin Legislature
Meeting place| Wisconsin State Capitol
Term| January 3, 1977 – January 1, 1979
Election| November 2, 1976
Senate
Members| 33
Senate President| Martin J. Schreiber (D) until July 6, 1977
President pro tempore| Fred Risser (D)
Party control| Democratic
Assembly
Members| 99
Assembly Speaker| Edward Jackamonis (D)
Speaker pro tempore| Michael P. Early (D)
Party control| Democratic
Sessions
| Regular| January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979

|

Special sessions
| Jun. 1977 Spec.| June 30, 1977 – June 30, 1977

|

Nov. 1977 Spec.| November 7, 1977 – November 11, 1977
Jun. 1978 Spec.| June 13, 1978 – June 15, 1978
Dec. 1978 Spec.| December 20, 1978 – December 20, 1978

The Eighty-Third Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 3, 1977, to January 3, 1979, in regular session, and also convened in four special sessions.[1]

This legislative session saw a dramatic overhaul of the Wisconsin judicial system as voters approved a series of amendments to the Constitution of Wisconsin which established the Wisconsin Court of Appeals and collapsed the county courts into the Wisconsin circuit court system. The amendment also established a constitutional basis for the powers of the Wisconsin Supreme Court to administer the state court system.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term. Assembly members were elected to a two-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 2, 1976. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 5, 1974.[1]

The governor of Wisconsin for the first six months of this term was Democrat Patrick Lucey, of Crawford County, serving the third year of his second four-year term, having won re-election in the 1974 Wisconsin gubernatorial election. Lucey resigned on July 6, 1977, to accept appointment as United States Ambassador to Mexico. At that time, the lieutenant governor, Democrat Martin J. Schreiber, of Milwaukee County, then ascended to become governor for the remainder of this legislative term.

## Major events

[edit]

* January 20, 1977: Inauguration of Jimmy Carter as 39th President of the United States.
* April 5, 1977: 1977 Wisconsin spring election:
* William G. Callow was elected to the Wisconsin Supreme Court to succeed Robert W. Hansen.
* Wisconsin voters ratified five amendments to the state constitution:
* Allowing the legislature to authorize charitable raffle games as an exception to state gambling prohibitions.
* Collapsing the county court system into the Wisconsin circuit courts.
* Establishing the Wisconsin Court of Appeals.
* Establishing disciplinary rules for the judiciary.
* Repealing the mandatory retirement age for judges (70) and instead enabling the Legislature to set a mandatory retirement age. The legislature has never yet implemented such a law.
* July 3, 1977: About 20,000 members of the Wisconsin State Employee's Union started an illegal strike, paralyzing many state agencies and functions.
* July 6, 1977: Wisconsin governor Patrick Lucey resigned from office after he was confirmed by the United States Senate as Ambassador to Mexico. Lieutenant Governor Martin J. Schreiber immediately succeeded him as the 39th Governor of Wisconsin.
* July 21, 1977: The Wisconsin State Employee's Union strike came to an end after receiving concessions from the state government.
* August 4, 1977: U.S. President Jimmy Carter signed legislation creating the United States Department of Energy.
* January 24, 1978: The Great Blizzard of 1978 began, affecting all of the Great Lakes region.
* April 4, 1978: 1978 Wisconsin spring election:
* John Louis Coffey was elected to the Wisconsin Supreme Court to succeed Leo B. Hanley.
* Wisconsin voters rejected an amendment to the state constitution which would have allowed the Legislature to set up different forms of town government.
* August 6, 1978: Pope Paul VI died at Castel Gandolfo in Italy.
* August 26, 1978: The August 1978 papal conclave elected Cardinal-Priest Albino Luciani as the next pope, he then took the papal name Pope John Paul I.
* September 17, 1978: The Camp David Accords were signed between Israel and Egypt.
* September 28, 1978: Pope John Paul I died.
* October 16, 1978: The October 1978 papal conclave elected Cardinal-Priest Karol Józef Wojtyła as the next pope, he then took the papal name Pope John Paul II.
* November 7, 1978: 1978 United States general election:
* Lee S. Dreyfus (R) elected Governor of Wisconsin.

## Major legislation

[edit]

* June 29, 1977: An Act ... relating to state finances and appropriations, constituting the executive budget bill of the 1977 legislature, and making appropriations, 1977 Act 29. It was vetoed in part, but the vetoes were overridden. Established the office of secretary of the Department of Industry, Labor & Human Relations, making it a gubernatorial appointee. The Department of Agriculture was renamed the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection.

## Party summary

[edit]

### Senate summary

[edit]

Senate partisan composition

Democratic: 22 seats

Republican: 11 seats

| Party

(Shading indicates majority caucus)

| Total  |

|
|
|

|  |
Dem. | Rep. | Vacant
End of previous Legislature | 18  | 14  | 32  | 1
Start of Reg. Session  | 23  | 10  | 33  | 0
From Jan. 29, 1977[note 1] | 22  | 32  | 1
From May 12, 1977[note 2] | 11  | 33  | 0
Final voting share  | 66.67%  | 33.33%  |
Beginning of the next Legislature | 21  | 10  | 31  | 2

### Assembly summary

[edit]

Assembly partisan composition

Democratic: 66 seats

Republican: 33 seats

| Party

(Shading indicates majority caucus)

| Total  |

|
|
|

|  |
Dem. | Rep. | Vacant
End of previous Legislature | 63  | 36  | 99  | 0
Start of Reg. Session  | 66  | 33  | 99  | 0
From Jun. 27, 1977[note 3] | 67  | 32  | 99  | 0
From Jul. 25, 1977[note 4] | 66  | 98  | 1
From Aug. 15, 1977[note 5] | 65  | 97  | 2
From Nov. 7, 1977[note 6] | 66  | 33  | 99  | 0
From Nov. 14, 1977[note 7] | 65  | 98  | 1
From Jan. 24, 1978[note 8] | 66  | 99  | 0
Final voting share  | 66.67%  | 33.33%  |
Beginning of the next Legislature | 60  | 39  | 99  | 0

## Sessions

[edit]

* Regular session: January 3, 1977 - January 3, 1979
* June 1977 special session: June 30, 1977
* November 1977 special session: November 7, 1977 - November 11, 1977
* June 1978 special session: June 13, 1978 - June 15, 1978
* December 1978 special session: December 20, 1978

## Leaders

[edit]

### Senate leadership

[edit]

* President of the Senate: Martin J. Schreiber (D) (until July 6, 1977)
* President pro tempore: Fred Risser (D–Madison)

#### Senate majority leadership

[edit]

* Majority Leader: William A. Bablitch (D–Stevens Point)
* Assistant Majority Leader: Jerry Kleczka (D–Milwaukee)

#### Senate minority leadership

[edit]

* Minority Leader: Clifford Krueger (R–Merrill)
* Assistant Minority Leader: Jim Sensenbrenner (R–Shorewood)

### Assembly leadership

[edit]

* Speaker of the Assembly: Edward Jackamonis (D–Waukesha)
* Speaker pro tempore: Michael P. Early (D–River Falls)

#### Assembly majority leadership

[edit]

* Majority Leader: James W. Wahner (D–Milwaukee)
* Assistant Majority Leader: R. Michael Ferrall (D–Racine)

#### Assembly minority leadership

[edit]

* Minority Leader: John C. Shabaz (R–New Berlin)
* Assistant Minority Leader: Tommy Thompson (R–Elroy)

## Members

[edit]

### Members of the Senate

[edit]

Members of the Senate for the Eighty-Third Wisconsin Legislature:[2]

Senate partisan representation

Democratic: 23 seats

Republican: 10 seats

Dist. | Senator | Party | Age
(1977) | Home | First
elected

|
|
|
|
|

01 | Jerome Martin (died Jan. 27, 1977) | Dem.  | 68  | Whitelaw, Manitowoc County | 1970
Alan Lasee (from May 12, 1977) | Rep.  | 39  | De Pere, Brown County | 1977
02 | Tom Petri | Rep.  | 36  | Green Bay, Brown County | 1972
03 | Jerry Kleczka | Dem.  | 33  | Milwaukee, Milwaukee County | 1974
04 | Jim Sensenbrenner | Rep.  | 33  | Shorewood, Milwaukee County | 1975
05 | David Berger | Dem.  | 30  | Milwaukee, Milwaukee County | 1974
06 | Monroe Swan | Dem.  | 39  | Milwaukee, Milwaukee County | 1972
07 | Kurt Frank | Dem.  | 31  | Milwaukee, Milwaukee County | 1970
08 | James T. Flynn | Dem.  | 32  | West Allis, Milwaukee County | 1972
09 | Ronald G. Parys | Dem.  | 38  | Milwaukee, Milwaukee County | 1968
10 | Michele Radosevich | Dem.  | 29  | North Hudson, St. Croix County | 1976
11 | Warren Braun | Dem.  | 42  | Milwaukee, Milwaukee County | 1976
12 | Clifford Krueger | Rep.  | 58  | Merrill, Lincoln County | 1946
13 | Dale McKenna | Dem.  | 39  | Jefferson, Jefferson County | 1969
14 | Gerald Lorge | Rep.  | 54  | Bear Creek, Outagamie County | 1954
15 | Timothy Cullen | Dem.  | 32  | Janesville, Rock County | 1974
16 | Carl W. Thompson | Dem.  | 62  | Stoughton, Dane County | 1959
17 | Kathryn Morrison | Dem.  | 34  | Platteville, Grant County | 1974
18 | Scott McCallum | Rep.  | 26  | Fond du Lac, Fond du Lac County | 1976
19 | Gary Goyke | Dem.  | 29  | Oshkosh, Winnebago County | 1974
20 | Ernest Keppler | Rep.  | 58  | Sheboygan, Sheboygan County | 1960
21 | Henry Dorman | Dem.  | 60  | Racine, Racine County | 1965
22 | John J. Maurer | Dem.  | 54  | Kenosha, Kenosha County | 1975
23 | Bruce Peloquin | Dem.  | 40  | Chippewa Falls, Chippewa County | 1970
24 | William A. Bablitch | Dem.  | 35  | Stevens Point, Portage County | 1972
25 | Daniel Theno | Rep.  | 29  | Ashland, Ashland County | 1972
26 | Fred Risser | Dem.  | 49  | Madison, Dane County | 1962
27 | Everett Bidwell | Rep.  | 77  | Portage, Columbia County | 1970
28 | Lynn Adelman | Dem.  | 37  | New Berlin, Waukesha County | 1976
29 | Walter Chilsen | Rep.  | 53  | Wausau, Marathon County | 1966
30 | Jerome Van Sistine | Dem.  | 50  | Green Bay, Brown County | 1976
31 | Thomas Harnisch | Dem.  | 29  | Neillsville, Clark County | 1974
32 | Paul Offner | Dem.  | 34  | La Crosse, La Crosse County | 1968
33 | Roger P. Murphy | Rep.  | 53  | Waukesha, Waukesha County | 1970

### Members of the Assembly

[edit]

Members of the Assembly for the Eighty-Third Wisconsin Legislature:[2]

Assembly partisan representation

Democratic: 66 seats

Republican: 33 seats

Senate
Dist.  | Dist.  | Representative  | Party  | Age
(1977)  | Home  | First
Elected

|
|
|
|
|
|

01 | 01 | Lary J. Swoboda | Dem.  | 37  | Luxemburg | 1970
02 | Francis J. Lallensack | Dem.  | 60  | Manitowoc | 1972
03 | Daniel Fischer | Dem.  | 24  | Reedsville | 1976
02 | 04 | John C. Gower | Rep.  | 35  | Green Bay | 1972
05 | William J. Rogers | Dem.  | 46  | Kaukauna | 1962
06 | Gervase Hephner | Dem.  | 40  | Chilton | 1966
03 | 07 | Kevin Soucie | Dem.  | 22  | Milwaukee | 1974
08 | John Norquist | Dem.  | 27  | Milwaukee | 1974
09 | Phillip Tuczynski | Dem.  | 29  | Milwaukee | 1974
04 | 10 | Rod Johnston | Rep.  | 39  | Fox Point | 1975
11 | Gus Menos | Dem.  | 56  | Milwaukee | 1971
12 | John L. Merkt | Rep.  | 30  | Mequon | 1976
05 | 13 | Michael G. Kirby | Dem.  | 24  | Milwaukee | 1974
14 | Robert E. Behnke | Dem.  | 44  | Milwaukee | 1972
15 | James W. Wahner | Dem.  | 37  | Milwaukee | 1970
06 | 16 | Michael Elconin (res. Nov. 14, 1977) | Dem.  | 23  | Milwaukee | 1972
William B. Broydrick (from Jan. 24, 1978) | Dem.  | 29  | Milwaukee | 1978
17 | Walter L. Ward Jr. | Dem.  | 33  | Milwaukee | 1972
18 | Marcia P. Coggs | Dem.  | 48  | Milwaukee | 1976
07 | 19 | Louise M. Tesmer | Dem.  | 34  | Milwaukee | 1972
20 | John Plewa | Dem.  | 31  | Milwaukee | 1972
21 | Chester A. Gerlach | Dem.  | 29  | South Milwaukee | 1974
08 | 22 | George Klicka | Rep.  | 42  | Wauwatosa | 1966
23 | Thomas A. Hauke | Dem.  | 38  | West Allis | 1972
24 | Gary J. Barczak | Dem.  | 37  | West Allis | 1972
09 | 25 | Jim Moody | Dem.  | 41  | Milwaukee | 1976
26 | Stephen R. Leopold | Dem.  | 32  | Milwaukee | 1976
27 | Joseph Czerwinski | Dem.  | 32  | Milwaukee | 1968
10 | 28 | Harvey L. Dueholm | Dem.  | 66  | Luck | 1958
29 | Leo Mohn | Dem.  | 51  | Woodville | 1970
30 | Michael P. Early (res. Aug. 15, 1977) | Dem.  | 58  | River Falls | 1970
James Harsdorf (from Nov. 7, 1977) | Rep.  | 27  | River Falls | 1977
11 | 31 | Mordecai Lee | Dem.  | 28  | Milwaukee | 1976
32 | Peter J. Tropman (res. Jul. 25, 1977) | Dem.  | 32  | Milwaukee | 1972
Dismas Becker (from Nov. 7, 1977) | Dem.  | 41  | Milwaukee | 1977
33 | Richard E. Pabst | Dem.  | 43  | Milwaukee | 1966
12 | 34 | Stanley J. Lato | Dem.  | 52  | Gilman | 1974
35 | Sheehan Donoghue | Rep.  | 33  | Merrill | 1972
36 | Lloyd H. Kincaid | Rep.  | 51  | Crandon | 1972
Dem.
13 | 37 | Peter D. Bear | Dem.  | 24  | Madison | 1976
38 | Harland E. Everson | Dem.  | 59  | Edgerton | 1970
39 | Milton Lorman | Rep.  | 49  | Fort Atkinson | 1976
14 | 40 | Francis R. Byers | Rep.  | 56  | Marion | 1968
41 | Ervin Conradt | Rep.  | 60  | Shiocton | 1964
42 | Toby Roth | Rep.  | 38  | Appleton | 1972
15 | 43 | Cloyd A. Porter | Rep.  | 41  | Burlington | 1972
44 | Delmar DeLong | Rep.  | 45  | Janesville | 1972
45 | Gary K. Johnson | Dem.  | 37  | Beloit | 1970
16 | 46 | Thomas A. Loftus | Dem.  | 31  | Sun Prairie | 1976
47 | Jonathan B. Barry | Dem.  | 31  | Primrose | 1976
48 | Wayne W. Wood | Dem.  | 46  | Janesville | 1976
17 | 49 | Robert S. Travis Jr. | Rep.  | 29  | Platteville | 1976
50 | Joanne M. Duren | Dem.  | 45  | Cazenovia | 1970
51 | Joseph E. Tregoning | Rep.  | 35  | Shullsburg | 1967
18 | 52 | Earl F. McEssy | Rep.  | 63  | Fond du Lac | 1956
53 | James R. Lewis | Rep.  | 40  | West Bend | 1972
54 | Esther Doughty Luckhardt | Rep.  | 63  | Horicon | 1962
19 | 55 | Michael G. Ellis | Rep.  | 34  | Neenah | 1970
56 | Richard A. Flintrop | Dem.  | 31  | Oshkosh | 1972
57 | Gordon R. Bradley | Rep.  | 55  | Oshkosh | 1968
20 | 58 | Carl Otte | Dem.  | 53  | Sheboygan | 1967
59 | Calvin Potter | Dem.  | 31  | Kohler | 1974
60 | David W. Opitz | Rep.  | 31  | Saukville | 1972
21 | 61 | James F. Rooney | Dem.  | 41  | Racine | 1972
62 | R. Michael Ferrall | Dem.  | 40  | Racine | 1970
63 | Marcel Dandeneau | Dem.  | 45  | Wind Point | 1974
22 | 64 | Joseph F. Andrea | Dem.  | 49  | Kenosha | 1976
65 | Eugene Dorff | Dem.  | 46  | Kenosha | 1970
66 | Russell Olson | Rep.  | 52  | Randall | 1960
23 | 67 | Steven C. Brist | Dem.  | 22  | Chippewa Falls | 1976
68 | Joseph Looby | Dem.  | 59  | Eau Claire | 1968
69 | La Verne Ausman | Rep.  | 46  | Elk Mound | 1974
24 | 70 | Donald W. Hasenohrl | Dem.  | 41  | Pittsville | 1974
71 | Leonard A. Groshek | Dem.  | 63  | Stevens Point | 1966
72 | Patricia A. Goodrich | Rep.  | 43  | Berlin | 1974
25 | 73 | Thomas B. Murray | Dem.  | 38  | Superior | 1972
74 | David Kedrowski | Dem.  | 34  | Washburn | 1972
75 | Kenneth M. Schricker | Rep.  | 55  | Spooner | 1970
26 | 76 | Mary Lou Munts | Dem.  | 52  | Madison | 1972
77 | Midge Miller | Dem.  | 54  | Madison | 1970
78 | David Clarenbach | Dem.  | 23  | Madison | 1974
27 | 79 | Tommy Thompson | Rep.  | 35  | Elroy | 1966
80 | Leroy Litscher | Dem.  | 54  | Baraboo | 1976
81 | Thomas S. Hanson | Dem.  | 37  | Beaver Dam | 1974
28 | 82 | James A. Rutkowski | Dem.  | 34  | Hales Corners | 1970
83 | John C. Shabaz | Rep.  | 45  | New Berlin | 1964
84 | Harry G. Snyder | Rep.  | 38  | Oconomowoc | 1974
29 | 85 | Edward F. McClain | Dem.  | 41  | Wausau | 1974
86 | Laurence J. Day | Dem.  | 63  | Eland | 1968
87 | Earl W. Schmidt | Rep.  | 40  | Shawano | 1974
30 | 88 | Richard P. Matty | Rep.  | 44  | Crivitz | 1972
89 | Cletus J. Vanderperren | Dem.  | 64  | Pittsfield | 1958
90 | Sharon Metz | Dem.  | 42  | Green Bay | 1974
31 | 91 | Steve Gunderson | Rep.  | 25  | Osseo | 1974
92 | Robert Quackenbush | Rep.  | 53  | Sparta | 1970
93 | Marlin Schneider | Dem.  | 34  | Wisconsin Rapids | 1970
32 | 94 | Virgil Roberts | Dem.  | 54  | Holmen | 1970
95 | John Medinger | Dem.  | 28  | La Crosse | 1976
96 | Bernard Lewison | Rep.  | 74  | Viroqua | 1954
33 | 97 | Ronald H. Lingren | Dem.  | 41  | Menomonee Falls | 1974
98 | Edward Jackamonis | Dem.  | 37  | Waukesha | 1970
99 | Susan Shannon Engeleiter | Rep.  | 24  | Brookfield | 1974

## Employees

[edit]

### Senate employees

[edit]

* Chief Clerk: Donald J. Schneider[2]
* Sergeant-at-Arms: Robert M. Thompson

### Assembly employees

[edit]

* Chief Clerk: Everett E. Bolle[2]
* Sergeant-at-Arms: Joseph E. Jones

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Democrat Jerome Martin (1st District) died.
2. ^ Republican Alan Lasee (1st District) was sworn in to replace Jerome Martin.
3. ^ Republican Lloyd H. Kincaid (36th District) switched his party affiliation to Democratic.
4. ^ Democrat Peter J. Tropman (32nd District) resigned.
5. ^ Democrat Michael P. Early (30th District) resigned after he was appointed secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Veterans Affairs.
6. ^ Republican James Harsdorf (30th District) and Democrat Dismas Becker (32nd District) were sworn in to replace Michael P. Early and Peter J. Tropman, respectively.
7. ^ Democrat Michael Elconin (16th District) resigned.
8. ^ Democrat William B. Broydrick (16th District) was sworn in to replace Michael Elconin.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Barish, Lawrence S.; Lemanski, Lynn, eds. (2021). "Historical Lists" (PDF). State of Wisconsin Blue Book 2021–2022 (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. pp. 468, 471, 475, 479–480\. ISBN 978-1-7333817-1-0. Retrieved August 5, 2023.
2. ^ a b c d Theobald, H. Rupert; Robbins, Patricia V., eds. (1977). "Biographies". The State of Wisconsin Blue Book 1977 (Report). Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau. pp. 20–88. Retrieved November 19, 2023.

## External links

[edit]

* 1977: Related Documents from Wisconsin Legislature

* v
* t
* e

Wisconsin Legislatures

Michigan Territory Rump Council (1836)|

* "Rump Council" (1836)

Territorial Assemblies (1836–1848)|

* 1st (1836-1838)
* 2nd (1838-1840)
* 3rd (1840-1842)
* 4th (1842-1846)
* 5th (1847-1848)

State Legislatures (since 1848)|

* 1st (1848)
* 2nd (1849)
* 3rd (1850)
* 4th (1851)
* 5th (1852)
* 6th (1853)
* 7th (1854)
* 8th (1855)
* 9th (1856)
* 10th (1857)
* 11th (1858)
* 12th (1859)
* 13th (1860)
* 14th (1861)
* 15th (1862)
* 16th (1863)
* 17th (1864)
* 18th (1865)
* 19th (1866)
* 20th (1867)
* 21st (1868)
* 22nd (1869)
* 23rd (1870)
* 24th (1871)
* 25th (1872)
* 26th (1873)
* 27th (1874)
* 28th (1875)
* 29th (1876)
* 30th (1877)
* 31st (1878)
* 32nd (1879)
* 33rd (1880)
* 34th (1881)
* 35th (1882)
* 36th (1883)
* 37th (1885)
* 38th (1887)
* 39th (1889)
* 40th (1891)
* 41st (1893)
* 42nd (1895)
* 43rd (1897)
* 44th (1899)
* 45th (1901)
* 46th (1903)
* 47th (1905)
* 48th (1907)
* 49th (1909)
* 50th (1911)
* 51st (1913)
* 52nd (1915)
* 53rd (1917)
* 54th (1919)
* 55th (1921)
* 56th (1923)
* 57th (1925)
* 58th (1927)
* 59th (1929)
* 60th (1931)
* 61st (1933)
* 62nd (1935)
* 63rd (1937)
* 64th (1939)
* 65th (1941)
* 66th (1943)
* 67th (1945)
* 68th (1947)
* 69th (1949)
* 70th (1951)
* 71st (1953)
* 72nd (1955)
* 73rd (1957)
* 74th (1959)
* 75th (1961)
* 76th (1963)
* 77th (1965)
* 78th (1967)
* 79th (1969)
* 80th (1971)
* 81st (1973)
* 82nd (1975)
* 83rd (1977)
* 84th (1979)
* 85th (1981)
* 86th (1983)
* 87th (1985)
* 88th (1987)
* 89th (1989)
* 90th (1991)
* 91st (1993)
* 92nd (1995)
* 93rd (1997)
* 94th (1999)
* 95th (2001)
* 96th (2003)
* 97th (2005)
* 98th (2007)
* 99th (2009)
* 100th (2011)
* 101st (2013)
* 102nd (2015)
* 103rd (2017)
* 104th (2019)
* 105th (2021)
* 106th (2023)
* 107th (2025)

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template