Acetone (data page)

Chemical data page

This page provides supplementary chemical data on acetone.

## Material Safety Data Sheet

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The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.

* Mallinckrodt Baker
* Science Stuff

## Structure and properties

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Structure and properties

Index of refraction, nD | 1.3561
Dielectric constant, εr | 20.7 ε0 at 25 °C
Bond strength | ?
Bond length | ?
Bond angle | ?
Magnetic susceptibility | ?
Surface tension | 26.2 dyn/cm at 0°
23.7 dyn/cm at 20 °C
Viscosity[1] | 0.4013 mPa·s at 0 °C
0.3311 mPa·s at 20 °C
0.2562 mPa·s at 50 °C

## Thermodynamic properties

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Phase behavior

Triple point | 178.5 K (−94.3 °C), ? Pa
Critical point | 508 K (235 °C), 48 bar
Std enthalpy change
of fusion, ΔfusH ~~o~~ | +5.7 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of fusion, ΔfusS ~~o~~ | +32.3 J/(mol·K)
Std enthalpy change
of vaporization, ΔvapH ~~o~~ | +30.3 kJ/mol
Std entropy change
of vaporization, ΔvapS ~~o~~ | 95 J/(mol·K)
Solid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ solid | ? kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ solid | ? J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp [2] | 96 J/(mol K)
Liquid properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ liquid | −249.4 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ liquid | 200.4 J/(mol K)
Enthalpy of combustion, ΔcH ~~o~~ | –1785.7 kJ/mol
Heat capacity, cp | 125.5 J/(mol K)
Gas properties
Std enthalpy change
of formation, ΔfH ~~o~~ gas | −218.5 kJ/mol
Standard molar entropy,
S ~~o~~ gas | 295.35 J/(mol K)
Heat capacity, cp | 75 J/(mol K)
van der Waals' constants[3] | a = 1409.4 L2 kPa/mol2
b = 0.0994 liter per mole

## Vapor pressure of liquid

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P in mm Hg | 1 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 400 | 760 | 1520 | 3800 | 7600 | 15200 | 30400 | 45600

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T in °C | –59.4 | –31.1 | –9.4 | 7.7 | 39.5 | 56.5 | 78.6 | 113.0 | 144.5 | 181.0 | 214.5 |   —

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed.

Vapor pressure of acetone based on formula,  P m m H g = 10 7.02447 − 1161.0 224 + T {\displaystyle \scriptstyle P_{mmHg}=10^{7.02447-{\frac {1161.0}{224+T}}}} from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. |  vapor pressure of acetone (log scale) based on formula,  log 10 ⁡ P m m H g = 7.02447 − 1161.0 224 + T {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \log _{10}P_{mmHg}=7.02447-{\frac {1161.0}{224+T}}} from Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed.

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## Distillation data

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See also:

* Carbon tetrachloride (data page)
* Butanone (data page)

| Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Acetone/water[4]
P = 760 mmHg

Temp.
°C  | % by mole acetone
liquid | vapor
100.00 | 0.0 | 0.0
87.8 | 1.0 | 33.5
83.0 | 2.3 | 46.2
76.5 | 4.1 | 58.5
75.38 | 5.0 | 63.1
68.76 | 10.0 | 73.1
66.2 | 12.0 | 75.6
63.98 | 20.0 | 79.2
61.84 | 30.0 | 82.0
60.73 | 40.0 | 83.4
59.87 | 50.0 | 84.8
59.29 | 60.0 | 85.8
58.52 | 70.0 | 87.4
57.65 | 80.0 | 89.4
57.1 | 85.0 | 91.8
56.65 | 90.0 | 93.8
56.36 | 95.0 | 96.3
56.09 | 100.0 | 100.0
|  | Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Acetone/Methanol[4]
P = 101.325 kPa

Temp.
°C  | % by mole methanol
liquid | vapor
55.67 | 7.0 | 8.2
55.43 | 13.3 | 14.4
55.31 | 18.1 | 18.8
55.24 | 21.7 | 21.8
55.25 | 22.7 | 22.6
55.30 | 26.5 | 25.5
55.39 | 34.0 | 31.1
55.74 | 40.6 | 35.6
55.96 | 44.6 | 38.2
56.15 | 48.1 | 40.6
56.90 | 59.3 | 48.6
57.05 | 60.6 | 49.6
57.29 | 63.1 | 51.5
57.69 | 67.6 | 55.0
58.32 | 71.9 | 59.0
58.49 | 73.7 | 60.8
58.97 | 77.1 | 64.3
59.57 | 80.5 | 68.1
60.41 | 84.9 | 73.5
61.53 | 90.0 | 80.9
62.21 | 92.6 | 85.2
62.79 | 94.7 | 89.0
63.69 | 97.6 | 94.7
|  | Vapor-liquid Equilibrium of Acetone/Ethanol[4]
P = 760 mm Hg

Temp.
°C  | % by mole acetone
liquid | vapor
78.3 | 0 | 0
76.4 | 3.3 | 11.1
74.0 | 7.8 | 21.6
70.8 | 14.9 | 34.5
69.1 | 19.5 | 41.0
65.6 | 31.6 | 53.4
63.4 | 41.4 | 61.4
61.3 | 53.2 | 69.7
59.0 | 69.1 | 79.6
57.3 | 85.2 | 89.6
56.1 | 100.0 | 100.0

## Spectral data

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UV-Vis

λmax | 280 nm
Extinction coefficient, ε  | 12.4 L/(mol·cm) @ 280 nm

Major absorption bands[5] |  | (liquid film)

Wave number | Transmittance
3414 cm−1 | 78%
3005 cm−1 | 66%
2966 cm−1 | 74%
2925 cm−1 | 77%
1749 cm−1 | 52%
1715 cm−1 | 4%
1434 cm−1 | 49%
1421 cm−1 | 47%
1363 cm−1 | 13%
1223 cm−1 | 12%
1093 cm−1 | 68%
903 cm−1 | 81%
531 cm−1 | 36%
NMR
Proton NMR | (CDCl3, 300 MHz) δ 2.16 (s, 6H)
Carbon-13 NMR | (CDCl3, 25 MHz) δ 206.6, 30.8
Other NMR data  |

Masses of
main fragments  |

## References

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1. ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry, 10th ed. pp 1669-1674
2. ^ Maass, O.; Walbauer, L.J., The specific heats and latent heats of fusion of ice and of several organic compounds, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1925, 47, 1-9.
3. ^ Lange's Handbook of Chemistry 10th ed, pp 1522-1524
4. ^ a b c "Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Data" (Queriable database). Chemical Engineering Research Information Center. Retrieved 6 June 2007.
5. ^ "Spectral Database for Organic Compounds". Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Archived from the original (Queriable database) on 5 May 2006. Retrieved 7 June 2007.

* Linstrom, Peter J.; Mallard, William G. (eds.); NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg (MD)

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* Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
* Reliability of data general note.