Adoration of the Kings (Damaskinos)

Painting by Michael Damaskenos

Adoration of the Kings

Greek: Η Προσκύνηση των Μάγων,
Italian: L'Adorazione dei Magi
Artist| Michael Damaskinos
Year| c. 1586–1591
Medium| tempera on wood
Movement| Cretan School
Subject| Nativity of Jesus
Dimensions| 110 cm × 85 cm (43.3 in × 33.5 in)
Location| Monastery of Agia Aikaterini, Heraklion, Crete
Owner| Collection of Saint Catherine's Monastery Mount Sinai, Egypt

Adoration of the Kings also known as the Adoration of the Magi is a popular tempera painting by Greek painter Michele Damaschino. The painting is roughly the same size as Damaschino's The Last Supper. Both paintings were created around the same period. Michele Damaschino painted in parts of Italy and Greece. He was primarily active in Heraklion, Sicily, and Venice. He is a major representative of the Cretan Renaissance. He was a Cretan Renaissance painter who painted in the Greek mannerisms prevalent at the time. He also blended the style with the Venetian technique creating a new prototype of painting. He was followed by countless artists both Greek and Italian. His version of the Adoration of the Kings is a very important painting because it reveals the mixture of painting styles prevalent in most of his works. The Adoration of the Kings is now in the Monastery of Agia Aikaterini in Heraklion, Crete. It is part of the collection of Saint Catherine's Monastery Mount Sinai, Egypt.[1][2][3][4]

## Description

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The work is egg tempera and gold leaf on wood with dimensions 43.3 in (109.9 cm) x 33.4 in (84.8 cm). It was created towards the end of the 16th century. The central figure is the king. The painter wants to emphasize the importance of the visitors of the newborn king. According to Damaschino's logic, the king is embraced by kings. The viewer's eye has to search for the Virgin and Child. The scene is saturated with important figures namely the three magi. Two of the magi are crowned. After establishing the royal hierarchical structure one of the hi ranking nobles kneels before baby Jesus transferring power to the infant. A young boy is also bringing the young king a crown. The magi are offering gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Two of the magi are wearing jewelry and earrings.[5][6]

The entire painting is saturated with figures participating in the nativity scene. Animals adorn the landscape camels, horses, and cows. A unique donkey sits right behind the Virgin Mary. The kings are dressed in silk robes elaborate striations suggest folds of fabric. The magi kneeling before the young king is dressed in an elaborate robe with intricate decorations and colors. The king in red may have been Damaschino at a younger age. The painter may have added himself to the scene. The clothing and weapons suggest 16th century Venice. One of the soldiers to the right of the mountain holds a flag representing the king's kingdom.

Before Restoration

The tempera painting offers intricate geometric complexity. The picture can be broken down into triangular components. There is a cluster of figures to our right. Damaschino is using the Italian Renaissance cangiante technique. There is a brilliant array of colors all over the painting. He clearly illustrates the foreground and the background. He blends Italian Venetian painting with traditional Greek mannerisms creating a spectacular proportion of symmetry. The gilded background does not interfere with the painter's ability to establish his unique new style. The new style was the prototype for the next two hundred years of Greek painting.

The painting was recently restored. Regrettably, with every restoration, some parts of the painting become lost. In the restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes some of the eyes were lost to the cleaning techniques employed. In the restoration of the Adoration of the Kings, parts of the gilded background were lost namely the pink halo around the angel. The rays from the sun were also lost or severely distorted and not restorable. That was the only visible damage done to the priceless artifact.

## Gallery

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* Nativity Scene

* Virgin and Christ

* Detail of Kings

* Detail of Magi

* Detail of Young Man

* Detail of Crowning Child

* Signature

* Detail of Angels

## See also

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* Adoration of the Magi (Gentile da Fabriano)
* Jacopo Bassano

## References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Adoration of the Kings (Damaskinos).

1. ^ Eugenia Drakopoulou (November 3, 2021). "Adoration of the Kings". Institute for Neohellenic Research. Retrieved November 3, 2021.
2. ^ Hatzinikolaou, Nicou & Konstandoudaki-Kitromilidou, Maria (1990). Dominikos Theotokopoulos Kris the El Greco of Crete (Greek) (PDF). Heraklion, Crete: Dimos Heraklion Chamber of Congress. pp. 132–135.
3. ^ Staff Writers (November 3, 2021). "Byzantine Icons". Museum of St. Catherine in Heraklion. Retrieved November 3, 2021.
4. ^ Argyro, Loukaki (2016). The Geographical Unconscious. London, UK: Taylor & Francis. pp. Figure 4.10. ISBN 9781317030669.
5. ^ Hatzinikolaou, 1990, pp. 132-135
6. ^ Staff Writers (July 28, 2022). "Similar Adoration of the Magi in Venice Damaskinos, Michele". Museo Correr, Venice. Retrieved July 28, 2022.

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Cretan Renaissance

Principal proponents|

* El Greco
* Georgios Klontzas
* Michael Damaskinos
* Andreas Pavias
* Angelos Akotantos
* Andreas Ritzos
* Nikolaos Tzafouris
* Michael Fokas

Other artists|

* Thomas Bathas
* Markos Bathas
* Theophanes the Cretan
* Frangos Katelanos
* Ioannis Permeniates
* Angelos Pitzamanos
* Nikolaos Lampoudis
* Antonios Papadopoulos
* Ioannis Apakas
* Euphrosynos
* Nikolaos Ritzos
* Nikolaos Philanthropinos

Major works|

* The Virgin Eleousa (1425–1457)
* Saint Anne with the Virgin (1425–1457)
* Christ the Vine (1425–1457)
* The Virgin Pantanassa (1436–1492)
* Jesus Hominum Salvator (1436–1492)
* The Crucifixion (Pavias) (c. 1440–1512)
* Christ Bearing the Cross (1487–1501)
* Madre della Consolazione (1490)
* Nursing Madonna and Child (Permeniates) (1520–1530)
* Madonna of Constantinople (1530)
* Adoration of the Magi (El Greco) (1565–1567)
* Dormition of the Virgin (El Greco) (1565–1566)
* Modena Triptych (1568)
* In Thee Rejoiceth (Klontzas) (1560–1608)
* Adoration of the Kings (Damaskinos) (c. 1587–1591)
* The Last Supper (Damaskinos) (1587–1591)
* The Last Judgement Triptych (Klontzas) 1560–1608
* Beheading of John the Baptist (Damaskinos) (1590)
* Virgin Nikopoios (1594)
* Stoning of Stephen (Damaskinos) (1591)
* Vision of the Apocalypse (Bathas) (1596)
* Portrait of Gabriel Severus (1577–1599)

Related|

* Hellenic Institute Venice
* Manolis Hatzidakis
* Institute of Neohellenic Research

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Michael Damaskinos

Paintings|

* Wedding at Cana (c. 1560–1570)
* Tribute to the Eucharist (c. 1550–1593)
* Crucifixion of Saint Andrew (c. 1545–1593)
* Virgin of the Burning Bush (c. 1586–1591)
* Adoration of the Kings (c. 1586–1591)
* Beheading of John the Baptist (c. 1590)
* The Last Supper (c. 1591)
* Stoning of Stephen (c. 1591)

Churchs|

* San Giorgio dei Greci

Related|

* Cretan school
* Venetian painting

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