Adoration of the Trinity

1511 painting by Albrecht Dürer

Adoration of the Trinity

Artist| Albrecht Dürer
Year| 1509–1511
Type| Oil on poplar panel
Dimensions| 135 cm × 123 cm (53 in × 48 in)
Location| Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Adoration of the Trinity (also known as the Landauer Altarpiece; German: Allerheiligenbild or Landauer Altar) is an oil painting on panel by the German Renaissance artist Albrecht Dürer, executed in 1511 and now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria.

## History

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The work was commissioned by the rich merchant Matthäus Landauer of Nuremberg for a chapel dedicated to the Holy Trinity and All the Saints in the Zwölfbrüderhaus ('House of Twelve Brothers'), which he had founded with Erasmus Schiltkrot in 1501. The house was a charity institution which could house up to twelve artisans who were unable to sustain themselves with their work; Landauer himself lived here from 1510 until his death.[1]

The altarpiece was commissioned in 1508, but was delivered three years later, when it was placed in the church.

## Description

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The altar had no movable panels, as in numerous previous similar installations, and was included in a rich frame, also designed by Dürer. There is a carved depiction of the Last Judgement at the top of the frame, and it also displays the donors' coats of arms.

The crowded altarpiece depicts the Trinity, with God the Father holding a crucifix with a still-alive Jesus. Above them, in a cloud of light surrounded by cherubim, is the Holy Spirit in the form of a dove. God the Father wears an imperial crown and a wide gilt cloak, lined in green and supported by angels. The scene utilizes hierarchical scale to depict God and the angels centrally above the earth below.[2]

The artist paints a host of male and female saints of Heaven, inspired by Augustine, who are led by John the Baptist and the Virgin Mary, respectively. Below, the human multitudes are divided between religious men and women (left, led by the pope), and laymen, led by the Holy Roman Emperor—a division similar to that already adopted by Dürer in the Feast of the Rosary (1506). At left, near a cardinal who is perhaps interceding for him, is the aged Matthäus Landauer, wearing rich garments and putting down his hat. A peasant, with one of his tools, represents the poor classes. On the right is an enigmatic queen whose face is entirely hidden by a veil, which leaves only the eyes visible.

The lower section is occupied by a large landscape with the dawn above a lake, among hills, inspired by landscapes by Albrecht Altdorfer and Joachim Patinir. There is also a self-portrait of Dürer holding a cartouche with the signature and date inscription:

> ALBERTUS DURER NORICUS FACIEBAT ANNO A VIRIGINIS PARTU 1511

## Gallery

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* The altarpiece with Dürer's frame

* Detail with the veiled queen

* Detail with self-portrait and inscription

## See also

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* List of paintings by Albrecht Dürer

## Sources

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1. ^ Carty, 146
2. ^ Carty, Carolyn M. (1985). "Albrecht Dürer's Adoration of the Trinity: A Reinterpretation". The Art Bulletin. 67: 146.

* Carty, C. M. (1985). Albrecht Dürer's Adoration of the Trinity: a reinterpretation. Art Bulletin, 67: 146–153.
* Porcu, Costantino, ed. (2004). Dürer. Milan: Rizzoli.

## External links

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* Media related to Allerheiligenbild (Dürer) at Wikimedia Commons
* Page at museum's website (in German)

* v
* t
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Albrecht Dürer

Paintings|

* List of paintings
* Portrait Diptych of Dürer's Parents (1490)
* Portrait of Frederick III of Saxony (1496)
* St. Jerome in the Wilderness (c. 1496)
* Portrait of Dürer's Father at 70 (1497)
* Haller Madonna/Lot and His Daughters (c. 1498)
* Lamentation of Christ (Nuremberg) (attributed, c. 1498)
* Hercules Killing the Stymphalian Birds (1500)
* Lamentation of Christ (Munich) (c. 1500)
* Adoration of the Magi (1504)
* Bagnacavallo Madonna (before 1505)
* Christ Among the Doctors (1506)
* Portrait of a Young Venetian Woman (1505)
* Avarice (1507)
* Adam and Eve (1507)
* Martyrdom of the Ten Thousand (1508)
* The Suicide of Lucretia (1518)
* Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (1519)
* Portrait of Emperor Maximilian I (1519)
* Portrait of Jakob Fugger (c. 1520)
* Portrait of Bernhart von Reesen (1521)
* Saint Jerome in His Study (1521)
* The Four Apostles (1526)
* Portrait of Hieronymus Holzschuher (1526)
* Portrait of Johann Kleberger (1526)
* Portrait of Jakob Muffel (1526)

Altarpieces|

* Dresden Altarpiece (c. 1496–1497/1503–1504)
* Seven Sorrows Polyptych (c. 1500)
* Paumgartner Altarpiece (c. 1500)
* Jabach Altarpiece (c. 1503–1504)
* Feast of the Rosary (1506)
* Heller Altarpiece (c. 1508) (with Matthias Grünewald)
* Adoration of the Trinity (1511)

Self-portraits|

* Self-Portrait at the Age of 13 (drawing, 1484)
* Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle (1493)
* Self-Portrait at 26 (1498)
* Self-Portrait at 28 (1500)

Woodcuts and
engravings|

* List of woodcuts, engravings
* The Holy Family with the Dragonfly (1495)
* The Holy Family with Three Hares (1496)
* Apocalypse (1498)
* Saint Michael Fighting the Dragon (1498)
* The Four Witches (1497)
* The Sea Monster (1498–1500)
* Saint Sebastian at the Column (1500)
* Visitation (1503)
* Joachim and Anne Meeting at the Golden Gate (1504)
* Great Passion (1497–1510)
* Life of the Virgin (1510–1511)
* Small Passion (1511)
* Knight, Death and the Devil (1513)
* Melencolia I (1514)
* Saint Jerome in His Study (1514)
* Triumphal Arch (1515)
* Rhinoceros (1515)
* Large Triumphal Carriage (1522)
* Portrait of Erasmus (1526)

Drawings,
watercolours|

* Young Hare (1502)
* Great Piece of Turf (1503)
* Madonna of the Animals (c. 1503)
* Praying Hands (c. 1508)
* Wing of a European Roller (1512)
* Portrait of the Artist's Mother at the Age of 63 (1514)
* Head of a Walrus (1514)
* The Virgin and Child with a Flower on a Grassy Bench (c. 1503)

Museums|

* Albrecht Dürer's House

Family|

* Agnes Dürer (wife)
* Albrecht Dürer the Elder (father)
* Hans Dürer (brother)
* Anton Koberger (godfather)

Related|

* Alte Pinakothek (Self-Portrait) (2000 photograph)
* Dürer (crater)

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