African Americans in Florida

Ethnic group in Florida

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Ethnic group

African Americans in FloridaTotal population

3,337,159[1] (2014)
Regions with significant populations
North Florida and Miami metropolitan area[2]
Languages
Southern American English, African-American Vernacular English, Haitian Creole, Jamaican Patois, Cuban Spanish, Gullah, Afro-Seminole Creole, Miami English, Caribbean English, African languages
Religion
Christianity, Haitian Voodoo, Black Protestant, Evangelical Protestant, Black Catholicism, Jehovah's Witness, Irreligion, Santería,[3] Rastafari
Related ethnic groups
Afro-Cubans, Afro-Caribbeans, Black Seminoles, Gullah, West Indian Americans, Black Hispanic and Latino Americans, Bahamian Americans, Jamaican Americans, Haitian Americans, Hispanics in Florida, Indigenous peoples of Florida
Part of a series on

African Americans

History

|  Periods

* Timeline
* Atlantic slave trade
* Abolitionism in the United States
* Slavery in the colonial history of the US
* Revolutionary War
* Antebellum period
* Slavery and military history during the Civil War
* Reconstruction era
* Politicians
* Juneteenth
* Civil rights movement (1865–1896)
* Jim Crow era (1896–1954)
* Civil rights movement (1954–1968)
* Black power movement
* Post–civil rights era

Aspects

* Agriculture history
* Black Belt in the American South
* Business history
* Military history
* Treatment of the enslaved

Migrations

* Great Migration
* Second Great Migration
* New Great Migration

Culture

|  Lifeways

* Dance
* Family structure
* Film
* Folktales
* Music
* Musical theater
* Names
* Neighborhoods
* Newspapers
* Soul food

Schools

* Education during the slave period in the US
* Education of freed people during the Civil War
* History of African-American education, after the Civil War
* Historically black colleges and universities
* Fraternities

Academic study

* Studies
* Art
* Literature

Celebrations

* Martin Luther King Jr. Day
* Black History Month
* Juneteenth
* Kwanzaa

Economic class

* African-American businesses
* Middle class
* Upper class
* Billionaires

Symbols and ideas

* African-American beauty
* Black is beautiful
* Black pride
* African-American hair
* Good hair
* Stepping
* "Lift Every Voice and Sing"
* Self-determination

Religion

|  Institutions

* Black church

Theologies

* Black theology
* Womanist theology

Non-Christian groups

* Hoodoo
* Black Hebrew Israelites
* African-American Jews
* African-American Muslims
* Nation of Islam
* Louisiana Voodoo
* African Diaspora Religions

Politics

|  Organizations

* Congressional Black Caucus
* Joint Center
* National Black Caucus of State Legislators
* National Conference of Black Mayors

Ideologies

* Afrocentrism
* Anarchism
* Back-to-Africa movement
* Black power
* Capitalism
* Conservatism
* Garveyism
* Leftism
* Liberalism
* Nationalism
* Pan-Africanism
* Patriotism
* Populism
* Radicalism
* Socialism

Civic/economic groups

|  Organizations

* Association for the Study of African
American Life and History
* Black conductors
* NAACP
* National Black Chamber of Commerce
* National Council of Negro Women
* National Pan-Hellenic Council
* National Urban League
* TransAfrica
* UNCF

Sports

* Negro league baseball

Athletic associations and conferences

* Central (CIAA)
* HBCU (HBCUAC)
* Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
* Southern (SIAC)
* Southwestern (SWAC)

Sub-communities

|  Multiethnic

* African-American Jews
* Afro-Puerto Ricans
* Alabama Creole people
* Black Indians
* Black Seminoles
* Mascogos
* Blaxicans
* Brass Ankles
* Creoles of color
* Dominickers
* Freedmen
* Great Dismal Swamp maroons
* Louisiana Creoles
* Melungeon
* Carmel
* Redbone

Specific ancestries

* Americo-Liberians
* Creek Freedmen
* Gullah
* Merikins
* Nova Scotians
* Samaná Americans
* Sierra Leone Creole

Sexual orientation

* LGBT community

Dialects and languages

|  English dialects

* African-American English
* African-American Vernacular English
* Liberian English
* Samaná English
* Tutnese

Languages and other dialects

* Gullah
* Afro-Seminole Creole
* Negro Dutch
* Black American Sign Language

Population

|  US states

* Alabama
* Arkansas
* California
* Florida
* Georgia
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Louisiana
* Maryland
* Mississippi
* Nebraska
* New York
* North Carolina
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Virginia

US cities

* Black mecca
* List of neighborhoods
* Atlanta
* Baltimore
* Boston
* Chicago
* Dallas-Fort Worth
* Davenport
* Detroit
* Houston
* Jacksonville
* Kentucky
* Lexington
* Los Angeles
* New York City
* Omaha
* Philadelphia
* San Antonio
* San Francisco

Historic places

* District of Columbia
* Florida
* Georgia
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Omaha, Nebraska
* North Carolina
* South Carolina
* Texas
* West Virginia

Population count

* US states and territories
* US metropolitan areas
* US cities
* US communities
* Places by plurality of population

Diaspora

* Africa
* Canada
* France
* Ghana
* Israel
* Liberia
* Nova Scotia
* Sierra Leone

Prejudice

|  Racism

* Black genocide
* Race and ethnicity in the US census
* Racism against Black Americans
* Reparations for slavery
* School segregation in the US
* Unarmed African Americans killed by police officers

Stereotypes and media depictions

* Blackface
* Criminal stereotypes
* Hollywood
* Magical Negro
* Minstrel show

* United States portal
* Category
* Index

* v
* t
* e

As of the 2010 U.S. Census, African Americans were 16.6% of the population of Florida.[4] The African-American presence in the peninsula extends as far back as the early 18th century, when African-American slaves escaped from slavery in Georgia into the swamps of the peninsula. Black slaves were brought to Florida by Spanish conquistadors.[5][6]

## History

[edit]

See also: History of Florida and History of slavery in Florida

The history of African Americans in Florida can be divided into several eras, the dates varying by location: 1) Slavery until 1865. A few slaves had been freed, but were never free from the threat of being again enslaved. 2) Reconstruction after the American Civil War. 3) Remainder of 19th century. 4) Terrorist activity against African Americans. 5) Civil Rights Era. 5) Late 20th-21st century.

The history of Black people in Florida dates back to the pre-American period, beginning with the arrival of Congolese-Spanish conquistador Juan Garrido in 1513, the enslaved Afro-Spanish explorer Estevanico in 1528, and the landing of free and African enslaved persons at Mission Nombre de Dios in the future St. Augustine, Florida in 1565.[7]

The first Black city in the state came in the latter region when a military outpost of free Black settlers was established at Fort Mose when the Black population became numerous in St Augustine. The uptick was largely due to fugitive slaves from British colonies in North America to Spanish Florida where they were promised freedom in exchange for military service and conversion to Catholicism.[7]

Florida was later acquired by the British, bringing the First Spanish Period to an end and the departure of the Spanish population (including blacks) to Cuba. African-American slaves soon became the main Black population in the state.[7] The Spanish regained Florida briefly in 1784 before departing in 1821.

After the Civil War, there was a brief Reconstruction era from 1867 to 1877. This included enforcement of rights for African Americans. This era vanished suddenly, the result of the Compromise of 1877.[8]

Post-reconstruction policies allowed civil rights for blacks to lapse. Black voters and black politicians vanished under threats from reactionary whites.[9]

Per capita lynching was highest in Florida than any other state from 1900 to 1930. Offenders were often known but no legal proceedings ensued. A tipping point was reached in 1951, with the Murder of Harry and Harriette Moore. FBI help was sought. The KKK was suspected, but there was insufficient evidence for trial.[10] A violent era was followed by continued segregation.

Governor LeRoy Collins took the position that segregation was morally unfair and wrong.[11] This was succeeded by Federal Civil Rights Act in 1964. Schools were integrated, but not without difficulty.

There was an Afro-Cuban community in Tampa and Ybor City in the 1880s.[12] Afro-Cubans were segregated from white Cubans and separated from African Americans by language, culture, and religion. Afro-Cubans were discriminated in Florida due to their skin color.[13][14][15]

African slaves who escaped from English plantations were given sanctuary by the Spanish in Florida.[16]

Racial segregation forced black people and white people to attend different schools in Florida. The quality of education was poor for African American children. In the year 1956, two African American black women were arrested in the city Tallahassee for sitting in the front seats of a bus when they were told to sit in the back of the bus.[17]

## Population

[edit]

As of 2010, those of African ancestry accounted for 16.0% of Florida's population, which includes African Americans. Out of the 16.0%, 4.0% (741,879) were Afro-Caribbean American. During the early 1900s, Black people made up nearly half of the state's population. In response to segregation, disfranchisement and agricultural depression, many African Americans migrated from Florida to northern cities in the Great Migration, in waves from 1910 to 1940, and again starting in the later 1940s. They moved for jobs, better education for their children and the chance to vote and participate in society. By 1960, the proportion of African Americans in the state had declined to 18%. Conversely, large numbers of northern whites moved to the state. Today, large concentrations of black residents can be found in northern and central Florida. Aside from blacks descended from African slaves brought to the southern U.S., there are also large numbers of Black people of Caribbean, recent African, and Afro-Latino immigrant origins, especially in the Miami/South Florida area.[18][better source needed]

## Notable people

[edit]

This list is incomplete; you can help by adding missing items. (March 2023)

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* James Weldon Johnson (1871–1938)
* Mary McLeod Bethune (1875–1955)
* Frank B. Butler (1885–1973)
* Zora Neale Hurston (1891–1960)
* Augusta Savage (1892–1962)
* Thelma "Butterfly" McQueen (1911–1995)
* Sidney Poitier (1927–2022)
* George "Buster" Cooper (1929–2016)
* Peggy Quince (born in 1941)
* Angela Bassett (born in 1958)
* Emmitt Smith (born in 1969)
* Maya Rudolph (born in 1972)
* Andrew Gillum (born in 1979)
* Barry Jenkins (born in 1979)
* Eric Darius (born in 1982)
* Antonio Brown (born in 1988)
* Rachel Jeantel (born in 1994)
* Denzel Curry (born in 1995)
* Trayvon Martin (1995–2012)
* Trick Daddy (born 1974)
* Flo Rida (born 1979)
* T-Pain (born 1984)
* Rick Ross (born 1976)
* Rod Wave (born 1998)
* Nardo Wick (born 2001)
* Captain Francisco Menéndez[19]

## See also

[edit]

* Florida portal

* African Americans in Georgia (U.S. state)
* Black Seminoles
* African American officeholders from the end of the Civil War until before 1900
* History of slavery in Florida
* List of African-American historic places in Florida
* Negro Fort
* Gullah
* Demographics of Florida
* History of African Americans in Jacksonville, Florida
* Afro-Cubans
* Hispanics and Latinos in Florida
* Indigenous peoples of Florida
* Black Southerners
* History of Florida
* List of African-American newspapers in Florida

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Florida". blackdemographics.com.
2. ^ Hero, Rodney E.; Schmidt, Ronald; Aoki, Andrew L.; Alex-Assensoh, Yvette M. (2009). Newcomers, Outsiders, and Insiders: Immigrants and American Racial Politics in the Early Twenty-first Century. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0472022199.
3. ^ "Religious Landscape Study".
4. ^ "Florida QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". Quickfacts.census.gov. 2011. Archived from the original on May 8, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
5. ^ "Black Seminoles—Gullahs Who Escaped From Slavery" (PDF).
6. ^ Colburn, David; Landers, Jane (2018). The African American Heritage of Florida. University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-1-947372-69-6.
7. ^ a b c Landers, Jane (1999). Black society in Spanish Florida. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02446-X. OCLC 434395286.
8. ^ C. Vann Woodward, Reunion and reaction: the compromise of 1877 and the end of reconstruction (1956), pp. 3–15
9. ^ The long, racist history of Florida's now-repealed ban on felons voting
10. ^ Crist, Charlie; Attorney General (August 16, 2006). "The Christmas 1951 Murders of Harry T. and Harriette V. Moore; Results of the Attorney General's Investigation: Executive Summary" (PDF). Retrieved February 27, 2018.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
11. ^ Dyckman, Martin. "LeRoy Collins, Trent Lott: a study in contrasts". Retrieved 10 September 2013.
12. ^ Mirabal, Nancy Raquel (1993). "The Afro-Cuban Community in Ybor City and Tampa, 1886-1910". OAH Magazine of History. 7 (4): 19–22\. doi:10.1093/maghis/7.4.19. JSTOR 25162907.
13. ^ "Ybor6.HTM".
14. ^ "Afro-Cubans in Ybor City, 1880s-Present - Part One · "We Wanted Some Basic Human Rights": The Civil Rights Struggle in Tampa · USF Libraries Exhibits".
15. ^ Greenbaum, Susan D. (2002). More Than Black: Afro-Cubans in Tampa. University Press of Florida. ISBN 9780813024660.
16. ^ "The English Menace & African Resistance".
17. ^ "Civil Rights Movement in Florida". Florida Center for Instructional Technology.
18. ^ Miller, William J.; Walling, Jeremy D. (7 June 2013). The Political Battle over Congressional Redistricting. Lexington Books. p. 116\. ISBN 9780739169841.
19. ^ Black History Month: Influential Figures in Florida's History

* v
* t
* e

African Americans

History|

* Timeline
* Abolitionism
* African American founding fathers
* Afrocentrism
* American Civil War
* Atlantic slave trade
* Black Codes
* Black cowboys
* Black genocide
* Black Lives Matter
* Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
* Children of the plantation
* Civil Rights Acts
* 1964
* Voting Rights Act of 1965
* 1968
* Civil rights movement 1865–1896
* Civil right movement 1896–1954
* Civil rights movement 1954–1968
* Montgomery bus boycott
* Browder v. Gayle (1956)
* Sit-in movement
* Freedom Riders
* Birmingham movement
* March on Washington
* Freedom Summer
* Selma to Montgomery marches
* Chicago Freedom Movement
* Post–civil rights era
* Cornerstone Speech
* COVID-19 impact
* Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
* Free Negro
* Free people of color
* George Floyd protests
* Great Migration
* Second
* New
* Exodusters
* Inauguration of Barack Obama 2009 / Inauguration of Barack Obama 2013
* Jim Crow laws
* Lynching
* Military history
* Million Man March
* Nadir of American race relations
* The Negro Motorist Green Book
* Partus sequitur ventrem
* Plantations
* Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
* Reconstruction Amendments
* Reconstruction era
* Redlining
* Separate but equal
* Silent Parade
* Slavery
* Treatment of slaves
* Tulsa race massacre
* Underground Railroad
* Women's suffrage movement

Culture|

* Afrofuturism
* Art
* Black mecca
* Businesses
* Dance
* Family structure
* Film
* Folktales
* Hair
* Harlem Renaissance
* New Negro
* Hoodoo
* Juneteenth
* Kwanzaa
* LGBTQ community
* Literature
* Music
* Musical theater
* Names
* Negro National Anthem
* Neighborhoods
* Newspapers
* Soul food
* Stereotypes
* Middle class
* Upper class

Notable people|

* Ralph Abernathy
* Maya Angelou
* Crispus Attucks
* James Baldwin
* James Bevel
* Julian Bond
* Amelia Boynton
* James Bradley
* Carol Moseley Braun
* Edward Brooke
* Blanche Bruce
* Ralph Bunche
* George Washington Carver
* Shirley Chisholm
* Claudette Colvin
* Frederick Douglass
* W. E. B. Du Bois
* Medgar Evers
* James Farmer
* Henry Highland Garnet
* Marcus Garvey
* Fred Gray
* Prathia Hall
* Fannie Lou Hamer
* Kamala Harris
* Jimi Hendrix
* Jesse Jackson
* Ketanji Brown Jackson
* Michael Jackson
* Harriet Jacobs
* Barbara Jordan
* Coretta Scott King
* Martin Luther King Jr.
* Bernard Lafayette
* James Lawson
* Huddie Ledbetter
* John Lewis
* Joseph Lowery
* Malcolm X
* Thurgood Marshall
* Toni Morrison
* Bob Moses
* Diane Nash
* Barack Obama
* Michelle Obama
* Rosa Parks
* Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
* Colin Powell
* Gabriel Prosser
* Joseph Rainey
* A. Philip Randolph
* Hiram Revels
* Paul Robeson
* Al Sharpton
* Fred Shuttlesworth
* Clarence Thomas
* Emmett Till
* Sojourner Truth
* Harriet Tubman
* Nat Turner
* Denmark Vesey
* C. T. Vivian
* David Walker
* Booker T. Washington
* Ida B. Wells
* Roy Wilkins
* Oprah Winfrey
* Andrew Young
* Whitney Young

Education, science
and technology|

* Black studies
* Black schools
* Historically black colleges and universities
* Inventors and scientists
* Museums
* Women
* in computer science
* in medicine
* in STEM fields

Religion|

* African-American Jews
* Islam
* American Society of Muslims
* Nation of Islam
* Black church
* Azusa Street Revival
* Black Hebrew Israelites
* Black theology
* Doctrine of Father Divine

Political movements|

* Anarchism
* Back-to-Africa movement
* Black power
* Movement
* Capitalism
* Conservatism
* Leftism
* Pan-Africanism
* Populism
* Raised fist
* Self-determination
* Nationalism
* Socialism

Civic and economic
groups

* Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH)
* Black Panther Party
* Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
* National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
* Nashville Student Movement
* National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC)
* National Council of Negro Women (NCNW)
* National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC)
* National Urban League (NUL)
* Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
* Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
* Thurgood Marshall College Fund
* United Negro College Fund (UNCF)
* Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL)

Sports|

* Negro league baseball
* Baseball color line
* Black players in professional American football
* Black NFL quarterbacks
* Black players in ice hockey
* Muhammad Ali
* Arthur Ashe
* Jack Johnson
* Joe Louis
* Jesse Owens
* Jackie Robinson
* Serena Williams

Athletic associations
and conferences

* Central (CIAA)
* Mid-Eastern (MEAC)
* Southern (SIAC)
* Southwestern (SWAC)

Ethnic subdivisions|

* By African descent
* Fula
* Gullah
* Igbo
* Yoruba
* Alabama Creole
* Black Indians
* Black Seminoles
* Cherokee Freedmen
* Choctaw Freedmen
* Creek Freedmen
* Black Southerners
* Blaxicans
* Great Dismal Swamp maroons
* Louisiana Creole
* of color
* Melungeon

Demographics|

* Neighborhoods
* list
* U.S. cities with large populations
* 2000 majorities
* 2010 majorities
* Metropolitan areas
* States and territories

Languages|

* Afro-Seminole Creole
* American Sign
* Black American Sign
* English
* American English
* African-American English
* African-American Vernacular English
* social context
* Gullah
* Louisiana Creole

By state/city|

* Alabama
* Arkansas
* California
* Los Angeles
* San Francisco
* Florida
* Jacksonville
* Tallahassee
* Georgia
* Atlanta
* Hawaii
* Illinois
* Chicago
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Davenport
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Lexington
* Louisiana
* Maryland
* Baltimore
* Massachusetts
* Boston
* Michigan
* Detroit
* Mississippi
* Nebraska
* Omaha
* New Jersey
* New York
* New York City
* North Carolina
* Ohio
* Cleveland
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Philadelphia
* Puerto Rico
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Austin
* Dallas–Fort Worth
* Houston
* San Antonio
* Utah
* Virginia
* West Virginia

Diaspora|

* Africa
* Gambia
* Ghana
* Liberia
* Sierra Leone
* America
* Canada
* Dominican Republic
* Haiti
* Mexico
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Israel
* Europe
* France

Lists|

* African Americans
* Activists
* Actors
* Astronauts
* Billionaires
* Journalists
* Jurists
* Mathematicians
* Republicans
* Singers
* Sportspeople
* Spingarn Medal winners
* US cabinet members
* US representatives
* US senators
* Visual artists
* Writers
* African-American firsts
* Mayors
* Sports firsts
* US state firsts
* Historic places
* Index of related articles
* Landmark African-American legislation
* Lynching victims
* Monuments
* Neighborhoods
* Topics related to the African diaspora

* Category
* United States portal

* v
* t
* e

Demographics of the United States

Demographic history

Socioeconomic status

* Affluence
* Gender inequality
* Educational attainment
* Emigration
* Home-ownership
* Household income
* Housing segregation
* Immigration
* Income inequality
* Language
* LGBT
* Middle classes
* Personal income
* Poverty
* Racial inequality
* Race and health
* Racial achievement gap
* Racial wage gap
* Social class
* Standard of living
* Unemployment by state
* Wealth
* Ethnocultural politics

Religions

* Baha'is
* Buddhists
* Christians
* Catholics
* Coptics
* Mormons
* Protestants
* Hindus
* Jains
* Jews
* Muslims
* Ahmadiyyas
* Five Percenters
* Moorish Scientists
* Nation of Islam
* Value Creators
* Native American
* Neopagans
* Non-religious
* Rastafaris
* Scientologists
* Sikhs
* Zoroastrians

* v
* t
* e

Ancestry and ethnicity in the United States

General/miscellaneous ethno-racial classifications

| General groups|

* African Americans
* Asian Americans
* Native Americans
* Alaska Natives
* Pacific Islanders
* Native Hawaiians
* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* Appalachians

|

Hispanic/Latino|

* Asian Latino
* Punjabi Mexicans
* Black Latino
* Blaxican
* Mestizo
* Puerto Ricans
* Stateside Puerto Ricans
* White Latino

Multiracial|

* Afro-Asian
* Amerasian
* Black Indians
* Blaxican
* Cajuns
* Creoles
* Hapa
* Melungeon
* Mestizo
* Mulatto
* Punjabi Mexicans

Aboriginal/Indigenous/Native Americans

| Alaskan|

* Aleutians
* Alutiiq
* Athabaskans
* Gwich'in
* Haida
* Iñupiat
* Tsimshian
* Tlingit
* Yupik

|

Californian|

* Cahuilla
* Chemehuevi
* Chumash
* Cupeño
* Diegueño
* Esselen
* Juaneño
* Kitanemuk
* Luiseño
* Miwok
* Patwin
* Pomo
* Salinan
* Serrano
* Suisunes
* Ohlone
* Awaswas
* Chalon
* Chochenyo
* Karkin
* Tamyen
* Tataviam
* Tongva
* Wappo
* Wintun
* Yokuts

Iroquois|

* Cayuga
* Mohawk
* Oneida
* Onondaga
* Seneca
* Tuscarora

Miscellaneous|

* Abenaki
* Apache
* Blackfeet
* Cherokee
* Cheyenne
* Chickasaw
* Choctaw
* Colville
* Comanche
* Cree
* Crow
* Houma
* Kiowa
* Lenape
* Menominee
* Mohave
* Muscogee
* Navajo
* Ojibwe
* Osage
* Odawa
* Paiute
* Pawnee
* Pima
* Potawatomi
* Puebloans
* Zia
* Zuni
* Quechan
* Salish
* Seminole
* Shawnee
* Shoshone
* Sioux
* Tohono Oʼodham
* Ute
* Yakama
* Yaqui

The Americas (by region and country)

| Caribbean|

* Anglo-Caribbean
* Antiguan
* Bahamian
* Barbadian
* Bermudian
* Dominican (Commonwealth)
* Grenadian
* Jamaican
* Kittian
* St. Lucian
* Trinidadian
* Vincentian
* Virgin Islanders
* Dutch Caribbean
* Indo-Caribbean
* Latin Caribbean
* Cuban
* Dominican (Republic)
* Haitian
* Puerto Ricans

|

North America|

* Belizean
* Canadian
* French Canadian
* Greenlandic
* Latin North/Central American
* Costa Rican
* Guatemalan
* Honduran
* Mexican
* Indigenous Mexican
* Nicaraguan
* Panamanian
* Salvadoran

South America|

* Guyanese
* Latin South American
* Argentine
* Bolivian
* Brazilian
* Chilean
* Colombian
* Ecuadorian
* Paraguayan
* Peruvian
* Uruguayan
* Venezuelan
* Surinamese

Africa

| General/misc.|

* Black African diaspora
* African Americans
* Afro-Caribbeans
* Afro-Latinos
* Recent African immigrants

|

Central Africa|

* Cameroonian
* Congolese
* Equatoguinean
* Gabonese

East Africa|

* Eritrean
* Ethiopian
* Kenyan
* Somali
* South Sudanese
* Tanzanian
* Ugandan

Southern Africa|

* Angolan
* Malawian
* South African
* Afrikaners
* Zimbabwean

West Africa|

* Beninese
* Cape Verdean
* Fula
* Gambian
* Ghanaian
* Guinean
* Guinea-Bissauan
* Ivorian
* Liberian
* Malian
* Mauritanian
* Nigerian
* Igbo
* Yoruba
* Senegalese
* Sierra Leonean
* Togolese

Asia

| General/misc.|

* Asian Americans
* Asian Latinos

|

Central Asia|

* Afghan
* Pashtun
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uzbek

East Asia|

* Chinese
* Fuzhounese
* Hakka
* Hoklo
* Hong Kong
* Taiwanese
* Tibetan
* Uyghur
* Japanese
* Ryukyuan
* Korean
* Mongolian

South Asia|

* Bangladeshi
* Bengali
* Bhutanese
* Indian
* Bengali
* Gujarati
* Malayali
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Tamil
* Telugu
* Indo-Caribbean
* Maldivian
* Nepalese
* Pakistani
* Balochi
* Pashtun
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Sri Lankan
* Tamil

Southeast Asia|

* Burmese
* Karen
* Cambodian
* Filipino
* Hmong–Mien
* Hmong
* Iu Mien
* Indonesian
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Europe

| General/misc.|

* White/European Americans
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|

British Isles|

* British
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Central Europe|

* Austrian
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Eastern Europe|

* Baltic
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Northern Europe|

* Danish
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Southern Europe|

* Iberian
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Southeast Europe|

* Albanian
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Western Europe|

* Belgian
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Middle East and North Africa

| Multinational|

* Arab
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|

North Africa|

* Algerian
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West Asia|

* Armenian
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Oceania (Pacific Islands)

| Australasia|

* Australian
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* Maori

|

Melanesia|

* Fijian
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Micronesia|

* Chamorro
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* Palauan

Polynesia|

* French Polynesian
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Related subjects

* People of the United States / Americans
* American ancestry
* Native American ancestry
* Maps of American ancestries
* 2010 census
* Race and ethnicity in the census
* Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
* Racism

* v
* t
* e

State of Florida

Tallahassee (capital)

History|

* Timeline
* Indigenous peoples of Florida
* Spanish Florida
* missions
* British Rule
* East Florida
* West Florida
* Florida Territory
* Seminole Wars
* Slavery
* Plantations of Leon County
* Mosquito County
* Armed Occupation Act
* Civil War
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* Fishing ranchos
* Florida East Coast Railway
* Draining and development of the Everglades
* Florida land boom of the 1920s
* Kennedy Space Center
* Disney World

Geography|

* Beaches
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* Lake Okeechobee
* Metro areas
* Municipalities
* Regions
* Rivers
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* Straits
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Major
hurricanes|

* Florida Keys (1919)
* Tampa Bay (1921)
* Miami (1926)
* Okeechobee (1928)
* Florida Keys (1929)
* Treasure Coast (1933)
* Labor Day (1935)
* Dry Tortugas (1944)
* Homestead (1945)
* Fort Lauderdale (1947)
* South Florida (1948)
* 1949 Florida hurricane
* Easy (1950)
* King (1950)
* Donna (1960)
* Betsy (1965)
* Eloise (1975)
* Elena (1985)
* Andrew (1992)
* Opal (1995)
* Charley (2004)
* Frances (2004)
* Ivan (2004)
* Jeanne (2004)
* Dennis (2005)
* Wilma (2005)
* Matthew (2016)
* Irma (2017)
* Michael (2018)
* Dorian (2019)
* Ian (2022)
* Idalia (2023)
* Helene (2024)
* Milton (2024)

Society|

* African-American
* Brazilian-American culture
* Miami
* Orlando
* Crime
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* Miami
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* Culture
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* LGBT rights
* Politics
* Ballot measures
* Congressional delegations
* Congressional districts
* Puerto Rican culture
* Orlando
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* Politics
* Sports
* Seminole
* Black Seminoles
* Sports

Culture|

* Casinos
* Film
* Florida Man
* Florida Heritage Trails
* Floridiana
* Cuisine of Florida
* Literature
* Miami accent
* Music
* Mass media
* newspapers
* radio
* TV
* Symbols
* flag
* motto
* seal
* Visit Florida

Environment|

* Environmental issues
* Fauna
* Flora
* Florida Reef
* Geology
* Climate
* climate change

Other|

* Cuba–United States relations
* Index
* Tourist attractions
* Transportation

Florida portal

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to African Americans in Florida.

* Carol E. Mundy Collection \- RICHES Mosaic Interface
* Florida's African-American History Trail
* The 1526 Project: Horrors in Florida's Black History You Didn't Learn in School
* Slavery took hold in Florida under the Spanish in the 'forgotten century' of 1492-1619. | Column
* Afro-Cubans in Tampa
* African Presence in Florida
* Florida Memory• Learn
* African Americans in Florida
* Black Society in Spanish Florida
* Black Miami in the Twentieth Century
* Racism and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Florida
* African Americans (1821 to Present-day)

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