Ahiri

A Janya raga of Carnatic music

For the language, see Ahiri language.

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AhiriArohanam| S R₁ M₁ G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ

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Avarohanam| S R₁ S G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ
Carnatic music

Tanjavur-style tambura

Concepts

* Śruti
* Svara
* Rāga
* Tāḷa
* Mēḷakarta
* Asaṃpūrṇa Mēḷakarta

Compositions

* Gītaṃ
* Svarajati
* Varṇaṃ
* Kr̥ti
* Kīrtana
* Rāgaṃ Tānaṃ Pallavi
* Tillana

Instruments

Melody
Sarasvati Vīṇā
Veṇu
Nādasvaraṃ
Goṭṭuvādyaṃ (Citra Vīṇā)
Violin

Percussion
Mr̥daṅgaṃ
Ghaṭaṃ
Morsing
Kanjira
Thavil

Drone
Tambura
Shruti box

* Composers
* Glossary

* v
* t
* e

Ahiri (pronounced āhiri) is a rāgam in Carnatic music. It is a janya rāgam (derived scale), and associated with the 14th melakarta scale Vakulabharanam.[1][2] It has also been associated with the 8th melakarta scale Hanumatodi.[1][2] Though it has all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the ascending and descending scale, the presence of zig-zag notes (vakra swaras) makes it a janya rāgam.

Ahiri is an ancient rāgam mentioned in Sangita Makarandha and Sangita samayasara.[2] It is a difficult rāgam to master, but it is rewarding. The rāgam is synonymous with karuna rasa (compassion).[1][2] It is considered an early-morning scale.[2]

## Structure and Lakshana

[edit]

Ahiri is an asymmetric rāgam which has vakra swaras (zig-zag notes) in the ascending scale. It is a sampurna rāgam (containing all 7 notes).[1][2] Several ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structures (ascending and descending scale) are assigned due to the usage of foreign notes (bhashanga prayogas):

* ārohaṇa : S R₁ M₁ G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ[a] (also S R₁ S G₃ M₁ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ[b])
* avarohaṇa : Ṡ N₂ D₁ P M₁ G₃ R₁ S[c]

The notes used in this scale are shadjam, shuddha rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, panchamam, shuddha dhaivatam and kaisiki nishadham  in the scale. For the details of the notations and terms, see swaras in Carnatic music.

Since there is additional usage of external (foreign) notes, in comparison to its parent scale, it is considered a bhashanga rāgam.[1][2] Notes Ri, Ga, Dha and Ni which are different from the parent scale are used in this scale and is considered to have lot of subtle srutis.

## Popular compositions

[edit]

There are many compositions set to Ahiri rāgam. Here are some popular kritis composed in this rāgam.

* Challare Ramachandrunipai (Sompaina Manasutho), Etula Kaapaaduvo, Adaya Sri Raghuvara, Poola Paanpu composed by Tyagaraja
* Viksheham Kada by Narayana Teertha
* Mayamma Anine by Syama Sastri
* Sri Kamalaambaa Jayathi and Kusumaakara Vimaanarudaam by Muthuswamy Dikshitar
* Panimathi Mukhi Bale(a Malayalam Padam), Parama Purusha Nanu and Pannagendra Shaya by Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma
* Oorilen by Subhashini Parthasarathy
* Ethinay Nallamma by Balakrishnan
* Ninne Kori-Ata Tala Varnam by Tharangambadi Panchanada Iyer
* Dheenarakshaka by Tanjore Quartet
* Kathitha Samayepi(Ashtapadi) by Jayadeva
* Mosamaye(Padam), Enthatathella(Padam) and E Riti Vegintune(Padam) by Kshetrayya
* Samayamide Annai by Chembai Vaidyanatha Bhagavatar
* Anbagavanthu, Nadithedi, Adhirunkazhal and Aankudal are Thiruppugazhs by Arunagirinathar
* Arindene Unnai by Arasi(Rajee Krishnan)
* Paingottu Malar by Thirugnanasambandar
* Aavi Nee Amudham Neeye by Kannadasan
* Abhayamo is a song of unknown composer
* Adhiviravil En Munne by H H Maharanyam Sri Sri Muralidhara Swamiji

## Film Songs

[edit]

### Language:Tamil and Malayalam

[edit]

Song  | Movie  | Composer  | Singer

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|
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Inbame Undhan Per  | Idhayakkani | M. S. Viswanathan | T. M. Soundararajan, P. Susheela
Oru Murai Vanthu, Pazham thamil pattizhayum  | Manichitrathazhu | M. G. Radhakrishnan | K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra, Sujatha Mohan(Reprise)
Ezhumalayanin Magimai  | Ezhumalayaan Magimai  | Illayaraja | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam
Kattu Kuyil Paatu  | Chinna Mapillai | Mano, Swarnalatha
Kannurangu Ponmayile  | Idhu Namma Aalu | K. Bhagyaraj | K. J. Yesudas
Kadhalenum Thervezhudhi  | Kadhalar Dhinam | A. R. Rahman | S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, Swarnalatha
Kaattu Sirukki  | Raavanan | Shankar Mahadevan, Anuradha Sriram

A popular Hindi film song in Ahiri Ragam is - Ay Chand Teri Chandni Ki Kasam from the movie Tera Jadoo Chal Gaya, composed by Ismail Darbar and sung by Sonu Nigam & Alka Yagnik

Popular Malayalam film songs in Ahiri Ragam are Pazhanthamil from the movie Manichitrathazhu, and chempakappoonkattile from rathinirvedam

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Alternate notations:

* Hindustani: S Ṟ M G M P Ḏ Ṉ Ṡ
* Western: C D♭ F E F G A♭ B♭ C

2. ^ Alternate notations:

* Hindustani: S Ṟ S G M P Ḏ Ṉ Ṡ
* Western: C D♭ C E F G A♭ B♭ C

3. ^ Alternate notations:

* Hindustani: Ṡ Ṉ Ḏ P M G Ṟ S
* Western: C B♭ A♭ G F E D♭ C

## References

[edit]

* India portal
* Music portal

1. ^ a b c d e Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
2. ^ a b c d e f g Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications

* v
* t
* e

Melakarta Ragas

Shuddha
Madhyama
Ragas|

| Indu chakra|

* 1\. Kanakangi
* 2\. Ratnangi
* 3\. Ganamurti
* 4\. Vanaspati
* 5\. Manavati
* 6\. Tanarupi

|

Netra chakra|

* 7\. Senavati
* 8\. Hanumatodi
* 9\. Dhenuka
* 10\. Natakapriya
* 11\. Kokilapriya
* 12\. Rupavati

Agni chakra|

* 13\. Gayakapriya
* 14\. Vakulabharanam
* 15\. Mayamalavagowla
* 16\. Chakravakam
* 17\. Suryakantam
* 18\. Hatakambari

Veda chakra|

* 19\. Jhankaradhvani
* 20\. Natabhairavi
* 21\. Keeravani
* 22\. Kharaharapriya
* 23\. Gourimanohari
* 24\. Varunapriya

Bana chakra|

* 25\. Mararanjani
* 26\. Charukesi
* 27\. Sarasangi
* 28\. Harikambhoji
* 29\. Sankarabharanam
* 30\. Naganandini

Ritu chakra|

* 31\. Yagapriya
* 32\. Ragavardhini
* 33\. Gangeyabhushani
* 34\. Vagadheeswari
* 35\. Shulini
* 36\. Chalanata

Prati
Madhyama
Ragas|

| Rishi chakra|

* 37\. Salagam
* 38\. Jalarnavam
* 39\. Jhalavarali
* 40\. Navaneetam
* 41\. Pavani
* 42\. Raghupriya

|

Vasu chakra|

* 43\. Gavambhodi
* 44\. Bhavapriya
* 45\. Shubhapantuvarali
* 46\. Shadvidamargini
* 47\. Suvarnangi
* 48\. Divyamani

Brahma chakra|

* 49\. Dhavalambari
* 50\. Namanarayani
* 51\. Kamavardani
* 52\. Ramapriya
* 53\. Gamanashrama
* 54\. Vishwambari

Disi chakra|

* 55\. Shamalangi
* 56\. Shanmukhapriya
* 57\. Simhendramadhyamam
* 58\. Hemavati
* 59\. Dharmavati
* 60\. Neetimati

Rudra chakra|

* 61\. Kantamani
* 62\. Rishabhapriya
* 63\. Latangi
* 64\. Vachaspati
* 65\. Mechakalyani
* 66\. Chitrambari

Aditya chakra|

* 67\. Sucharitra
* 68\. Jyoti swarupini
* 69\. Dhatuvardani
* 70\. Nasikabhushani
* 71\. Kosalam
* 72\. Rasikapriya

* Carnatic music
* Swaras
* Ragas
* Asampurna Melakarta Ragas
* Janya ragas
* List of Janya ragas

* v
* t
* e

Janya ragas

A-B|

* Abheri
* Abhogi
* Ahiri
* Amritavarshini
* Amritha Kalyani
* Anandabhairavi
* Andolika
* Arabhi
* Asaveri
* Atana
* Bageshri
* Bahudari
* Bhairavi
* Bhimsen
* Bhupalam
* Bilahari
* Bowli

D-J|

* Darbar
* Darbari Kanada
* Devagandhari
* Dhanyasi
* Gambhiranata
* Garudadhvani
* Gaula
* Hamsadhvani
* Hamsanadam
* Hamsanandi
* Hindolam
* Jana Ranjani
* Jaunpuri

K-L|

* Kalavati
* Kalyanavasantam
* Kambhoji
* Kāpi
* Karnataka Shuddha Saveri
* Kathanakuthuhalam
* Kedaragaula
* Kedaram
* Khamas
* Lalitha
* Lavangi

* Mahati
* Madhuvanti
* Madhyamavati
* Malahari
* Malayamarutam
* Mohanakalyani
* Mohanam
* Mukhari

N-R|

* Nada Kalyani
* Nagasvaravali
* Nata
* Nattakurinji
* Navarasa kannada
* Niroshta
* Pharaju
* Poornachandrika
* Punnagavarali
* Ranjani
* Reethigowla
* Revagupti
* Revati

* Sahana
* Salaga Bhairavi
* Saramati
* Saveri
* Shivaranjani
* Sri Tyagaraja
* Shree ragam
* Shree ranjani
* Shuddha Saveri
* Sindhu Bhairavi
* Sunadavinodini
* Surutti

T-V|

* Thyagaraja Mangalam
* Tilang
* Udayaravichandrika (Shuddha Dhanyasi)
* Valaji
* Varali
* Vasantha
* Yadukulakamboji
* Yamunakalyani

* Carnatic music
* Swaras
* Melakarta ragas
* Asampurna Melakarta ragas
* List of Janya ragas

*[S]: Shadja (Sa)
*[R₁]: Shuddha Rishabha
*[M₁]: Shuddha Madhyama
*[G₃]: Antara Gandhara
*[P]: Pancham (Pa)
*[D₁]: Shuddha Dhaivata
*[N₂]: Kaishiki Nishada
*[Ṡ]: Shadja (Sa, higher octave)
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[Ṟ]: Komal Re
*[M]: Shuddha Madhyama
*[G]: Shuddha Gandhara
*[Ḏ]: Komal Dhaivata
*[Ṉ]: Komal Nishada